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Improvement of the sensitivity of the detection of Gal d 6-specific IgE via biotinylation in vivo. Allergol Immunopathol (Madr) 2020; 48:348-354. [PMID: 32532469 DOI: 10.1016/j.aller.2020.02.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES This study aimed to compare the effects of different biotinylation methods on the performance characteristics of allergen-specific IgE detection. MATERIALS AND METHODS The Gal d 6 gene was cloned into the pAN6/pAC6 vector, resulting in rGal d 6-Bio/Bio-rGal d 6 vector. The fusion protein was expressed in Escherichia coli AVB101 and simultaneously biotinylated in a site-specific manner. The Gal d 6 gene was amplified via PCR and cloned into the pET-28a vector and transformed into E. coli BL21 and purified via Ni-NTA, followed by chemical biotinylation using Sulfo-NHS-LC-Biotin. Twenty-eight patients allergic to hen's egg white were examined for sensitization against egg yolk. An antigen-capture enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (AC-ELISA) was developed to detect allergen-specific IgE. RESULTS rGal d 6, Bio-rGal d 6, and rGal d 6 were prepared using different biotin binding modes to detect allergen-specific IgE. rGal d 6-Bio (Kd=0.6154) and Bio-rGal d 6 (Kd=0.6698) had a markedly better detection performance than rGal d 6 (Kd=28.93), and the rGal d 6-Bio had a better detection performance in small-volume serum samples. CONCLUSIONS rGal d 6-Bio improved the sensitivity for the detection of allergen-specific IgE.
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Galaway F, Wright GJ. Rapid and sensitive large-scale screening of low affinity extracellular receptor protein interactions by using reaction induced inhibition of Gaussia luciferase. Sci Rep 2020; 10:10522. [PMID: 32601498 PMCID: PMC7324543 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-67468-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 06/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Extracellular protein interactions mediated by cell surface receptors are essential for intercellular communication in multicellular organisms. Assays to detect extracellular interactions must account for their often weak binding affinities and also the biochemical challenges in solubilising membrane-embedded receptors in an active form. Methods based on detecting direct binding of soluble recombinant receptor ectodomains have been successful, but genome-scale screening is limited by the usual requirement of producing sufficient amounts of each protein in two different forms, usually a "bait" and "prey". Here, we show that oligomeric receptor ectodomains coupled to concatenated units of the light-generating Gaussia luciferase enzyme robustly detected low affinity interactions and reduced the amount of protein required by several orders of magnitude compared to other reporter enzymes. Importantly, we discovered that this flash-type luciferase exhibited a reaction-induced inhibition that permitted the use of a single protein preparation as both bait and prey thereby halving the number of expression plasmids and recombinant proteins required for screening. This approach was tested against a benchmarked set of quantified extracellular interactions and shown to detect extremely weak interactions (KDs ≥ μM). This method will facilitate large-scale receptor interaction screening and contribute to the goal of mapping networks of cellular communication.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francis Galaway
- Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK
| | - Gavin J Wright
- Cell Surface Signalling Laboratory, Wellcome Sanger Institute, Cambridge, UK.
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Broyles DB, Dikici E, Daunert S, Deo SK. Facile Synthesis and Characterization of a Novel Tamavidin-Luciferase Reporter Fusion Protein for Universal Signaling Applications. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2020; 4:e1900166. [PMID: 32293154 DOI: 10.1002/adbi.201900166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 02/06/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Despite the avidin/biotin reaction being one of the most ubiquitous noncovalent immobilization and sensing strategies in scientific research, the ability to synthesize useful amounts of biotin-binding fusion constructs is hampered by poor solubility in bacterial expression systems. As such, there are few reports of successful genetic reporter fusions incorporating a biotin-binding partner. To address this, a sensitivity-enhanced, synthetically facile reporter fusion is developed to merge the bioluminescence output of Gaussia luciferase (Gluc) with the recently characterized biotin-binding ability of tamavidin 2 (TA2) for general and universal signaling applications in biological and analytical systems. This fusion construct enables direct bacterial expression of a reporter system incorporating two important functionalities in a 1:1 stoichiometric relationship that can provide detection of discrete events at low concentrations. Using a cold-shock expression system, highly concentrated construct can be obtained from standard culture volumes while retaining essentially native protein activity. To demonstrate feasibility and provide an example application, this fusion construct is then included in a standard target-bridged assay design for the sensitive detection of four miRNA targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B Broyles
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Emre Dikici
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sylvia Daunert
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
| | - Sapna K Deo
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, 1011 NW 15th Street, Miami, FL, 33136, USA
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Zhang Y, Hess H. Inhibitors in Commercially Available 2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) Affect Enzymatic Assays. Anal Chem 2019; 92:1502-1510. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yifei Zhang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351L Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
| | - Henry Hess
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Columbia University, 351L Engineering Terrace, 1210 Amsterdam Avenue, New York, New York 10027, United States
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5
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Soluble expression of horseradish peroxidase in Escherichia coli and its facile activation. J Biosci Bioeng 2018; 126:431-435. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 04/02/2018] [Accepted: 04/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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6
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Bao RM, Yang HM, Yu CM, Zhang WF, Tang JB. An efficient protocol to enhance the extracellular production of recombinant protein from Escherichia coli by the synergistic effects of sucrose, glycine, and Triton X-100. Protein Expr Purif 2016; 126:9-15. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2016.05.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2016] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Grigorenko VG, Andreeva IP, Rubtsova MY, Egorov AM. Recombinant horseradish peroxidase: Production and analytical applications. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 80:408-16. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915040033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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8
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Development of an efficient signal amplification strategy for label-free enzyme immunoassay using two site-specific biotinylated recombinant proteins. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 859:66-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.12.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2014] [Revised: 12/04/2014] [Accepted: 12/09/2014] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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9
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Wurtzler EM, Wendell D. A Streptavidin-SOG Chimera for All-Optical Immunoassays. Biomacromolecules 2013; 15:228-33. [DOI: 10.1021/bm401511a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M. Wurtzler
- Department
of Biological,
Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - David Wendell
- Department
of Biological,
Chemical, and Environmental Engineering, University of Cincinnati College of Engineering and Applied Science, 2901 Woodside Drive, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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10
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Egorov А. RECOMBINANT HORSERADISH PEROXIDASE FOR ANALYTICAL APPLICATIONS. BIOTECHNOLOGIA ACTA 2013. [DOI: 10.15407/biotech6.04.086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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11
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Prabhulkar S, Tian H, Wang X, Zhu JJ, Li CZ. Engineered proteins: redox properties and their applications. Antioxid Redox Signal 2012; 17:1796-822. [PMID: 22435347 PMCID: PMC3474195 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2011.4001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/21/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
Abstract
Oxidoreductases and metalloproteins, representing more than one third of all known proteins, serve as significant catalysts for numerous biological processes that involve electron transfers such as photosynthesis, respiration, metabolism, and molecular signaling. The functional properties of the oxidoreductases/metalloproteins are determined by the nature of their redox centers. Protein engineering is a powerful approach that is used to incorporate biological and abiological redox cofactors as well as novel enzymes and redox proteins with predictable structures and desirable functions for important biological and chemical applications. The methods of protein engineering, mainly rational design, directed evolution, protein surface modifications, and domain shuffling, have allowed the creation and study of a number of redox proteins. This review presents a selection of engineered redox proteins achieved through these methods, resulting in a manipulation in redox potentials, an increase in electron-transfer efficiency, and an expansion of native proteins by de novo design. Such engineered/modified redox proteins with desired properties have led to a broad spectrum of practical applications, ranging from biosensors, biofuel cells, to pharmaceuticals and hybrid catalysis. Glucose biosensors are one of the most successful products in enzyme electrochemistry, with reconstituted glucose oxidase achieving effective electrical communication with the sensor electrode; direct electron-transfer-type biofuel cells are developed to avoid thermodynamic loss and mediator leakage; and fusion proteins of P450s and redox partners make the biocatalytic generation of drug metabolites possible. In summary, this review includes the properties and applications of the engineered redox proteins as well as their significance and great potential in the exploration of bioelectrochemical sensing devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shradha Prabhulkar
- Nanobioengineering/Bioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Hui Tian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Xiaotang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen-Zhong Li
- Nanobioengineering/Bioelectronics Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, Florida
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Comparative characterization of recombinant ZZ protein-alkaline phosphatase and its application in enzyme immunoassays. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 97:153-8. [PMID: 22851015 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4303-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2012] [Revised: 07/11/2012] [Accepted: 07/12/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A functional fusion protein, which consists of an antibody and an enzyme that can be used in enzyme immunoassays, has been constructed. However, a quantitative comparison of the characteristics of fusion proteins and chemical conjugates of the parents, which are functionally produced in a uniform microbial system, has not been adequately achieved. In this study, a fusion protein between the ZZ protein and Escherichia coli alkaline phosphatase (AP) and the parental ZZ protein and AP for chemical conjugate was functionally produced in the same bacterial system. A detailed examination of the ZZ-AP fusion protein and the effect of the ZZ-AP chemical conjugate on IgG affinity and enzymatic activity were performed. Compared with the parents, the equilibrium dissociation constant of ZZ-AP conjugate decreased by 32 % and catalytic activity decreased by 24 %, whereas the ZZ-AP fusion retained full parental activities and exhibited an approximately tenfold higher sensitivity than that of ZZ-AP conjugate in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Thus, ZZ-AP fusion is a promising immunoreagent for IgG detection and a potential biolinker between antibodies and reporter enzymes (i.e., IgG-ZZ-AP fusion complex) in immunoassays.
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Rodriguez-Cabrera NA, Regalado C, Garcia-Almendarez BE. Cloning, heterologous expression and properties of a recombinant active turnip peroxidase. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2011; 59:7120-7126. [PMID: 21591783 DOI: 10.1021/jf2006722] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Turnip (Brassica napus) roots peroxidase isoforms have been used in diagnostic kits and can also efficiently polymerize phenolic compounds from wastewaters. Heterologous expression of a turnip acidic peroxidase (BnPA) was investigated to increase availability of this widely used enzyme. The mature BnPA was ligated into the pET28a(+) vector and used to transform Escherichia coli Rosetta 2. Recombinant BnPA peroxidase was overexpressed and accumulated in inclusion bodies from which it was purified to homogeneity by immobilized metal affinity chromatography under denaturing conditions. Peroxidase activity was observed after a refolding process under oxidative conditions. The yield of pure recombinant BnPA was 29 mg L(-1) of culture with a specific activity of 981 ± 20 ABTS units mg(-1) at optimal conditions (pH 6, 45 °C). Recombinant BnPA showed similar kinetic properties compared to native turnip peroxidase, and its secondary structure evaluated by circular dichroism comprised 20% α-helix, 32% β-sheet and 48% random structure. Recombinant BnPA showed high yield and good kinetic properties which are key steps for future structure-function studies and biotechnological applications.
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Huang Y, Shi R, Zhong X, Wang D, Zhao M, Li Y. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for insulin-like growth factor-I using six-histidine tag fused proteins. Anal Chim Acta 2007; 596:116-23. [PMID: 17616248 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2007.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2006] [Revised: 03/28/2007] [Accepted: 06/04/2007] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The fusion proteins of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and six-histidine tag (IGF-I-6H, 6H-IGF-I-6H) were cloned, expressed, purified and renatured, with their immunoreaction properties and biological activities intact. The binding kinetics between these fusion proteins and anti-IGF-I antibody or anti-6H antibody were studied using surface plasmon resonance (SPR). Two enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) modes, which proved feasible in the measurement of human serum samples, were used to detect IGF-I with the help of the six-histidine tagged proteins. Furthermore, combining the production technique of the six-histidine tagged fusion protein with the competitive sandwich ELISA mode, using an enzyme labeled anti-6H antibody as a tracer, can be a universal immunochemical method to quantitate other polypeptides or proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong Huang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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15
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Rönnmark J, Kampf C, Asplund A, Höidén-Guthenberg I, Wester K, Pontén F, Uhlén M, Nygren PA. Affibody-beta-galactosidase immunoconjugates produced as soluble fusion proteins in the Escherichia coli cytosol. J Immunol Methods 2003; 281:149-60. [PMID: 14580889 DOI: 10.1016/j.jim.2003.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Recombinant immunoconjugates constitute a novel class of immunoassay reagents produced by genetic fusion between an antigen recognizing moiety and a reporter enzyme or fluorescent protein, obviating the need for chemical coupling. In this work, we describe the construction, Escherichia coli production and characterization of recombinant beta-galactosidase (beta-gal)-based immunoconjugates directed to human immunoglobulin A (IgA). As the antigen recognizing moieties, either monovalent or dimeric (head-to-tail) versions of an IgA-specific affibody (Z(IgA1)) were used, previously selected in vitro from a protein library based on combinatorial engineering of a single staphylococcal protein A domain. To increase the likelihood of proper presentation on the assembled homotetrameric enzyme surface, the affibody moieties were linked to the N-terminus of the enzyme subunits via a heptapeptide linker sequence. The two resulting immunoconjugates Z(IgA1)-beta-gal and (Z(IgA1))(2)-beta-gal, containing four and eight affibody moieties per enzyme, respectively, could be expressed as soluble and proteolytically stable proteins intracellularly in E. coli from where they were purified to high purity by a single anion exchange chromatography step. The yields of immunoconjugates were in the range 200-400 mg/l culture. Biosensor-binding studies showed that both the Z(IgA1)-beta-gal and (Z(IgA1))(2)-beta-gal immunoconjugates were capable of selective IgA-recognition, but with an apparent higher binding affinity for the variant containing divalent affibody moieties, presumably due to avidity effects. The applicability of this class of recombinant immunoconjugates was demonstrated by IgA detection in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and dot-blot analyses. In addition, using human kidney biopsy samples from a nephropathy patient, IgA depositions in glomeruli could be detected by immunohistochemistry with low background staining of tissue.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny Rönnmark
- Department of Biotechnology, AlbaNova University Center, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden
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16
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Abstract
We have assembled references of 700 articles published in 2001 that describe work performed using commercially available optical biosensors. To illustrate the technology's diversity, the citation list is divided into reviews, methods and specific applications, as well as instrument type. We noted marked improvements in the utilization of biosensors and the presentation of kinetic data over previous years. These advances reflect a maturing of the technology, which has become a standard method for characterizing biomolecular interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca L Rich
- Center for Biomolecular Interaction Analysis, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA
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