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Shiea J, Lin HJ, Bhat SM, Lee CY, Huang MZ, Ponnusamy VK, Cheng SC. Thin layer chromatography/desorption flame-induced atmospheric pressure chemical ionization/mass spectrometry for the analysis of volatile and semi-volatile mixtures. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9409. [PMID: 36194496 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Revised: 09/27/2022] [Accepted: 09/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
UNLABELLED Flame-induced atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (FAPCI) has been used to directly characterize chemical compounds on a glass rod and drug tablet surfaces. In this study, FAPCI was further applied to interface thin layer chromatography (TLC) and mass spectrometry (MS) for mixture analysis. METHODS A micro-sized oxyacetylene flame was generated using a small concentric tube system. Hot gas flow and primary reactive species from the micro-flame were directed toward a developed TLC gel plate to thermally desorb and ionize analytes on the gel surface. The resulting analyte ions subsequently entered the MS inlet for detection. RESULTS A 1-1.5-mm-wide light-brown line was observed on the TLC plate after the desorption FAPCI/MS (DFAPCI/MS) analysis, revealing that the gel surface withstood a high temperature from the impact of the micro-flame. Volatile and semi-volatile chemical compounds, including amine and amide standards, drugs, and aromatherapy oils, were successfully desorbed, ionized, and detected using this TLC/DFAPCI/MS. The limit of detection of TLC-DFAPCI/MS was determined to be 5 ng/spot for dibenzylamine and ethenzamide. CONCLUSIONS TLC/DFAPCI/MS is one of the simplest TLC-MS interfaces showing the advantages such as low costs and an easy set up. The technique is useful for characterizing thermally stable volatile and semi-volatile compounds in a mixture.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jentaie Shiea
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Rapid Screening Research Center for Toxicology and Biomedicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Research Center for Environmental Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsing-Jung Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chi-Yang Lee
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Min-Zong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Vinoth Kumar Ponnusamy
- Department of Medicinal and Applied Chemistry, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Sy-Chyi Cheng
- Biotechnology Center in Southern Taiwan, Academia Sinica, Tainan, Taiwan
- Agricultural Biotechnology Research Center, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Novel Thieno [2,3-b]pyridine Anticancer Compound Lowers Cancer Stem Cell Fraction Inducing Shift of Lipid to Glucose Metabolism. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231911457. [PMID: 36232754 PMCID: PMC9569594 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231911457] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Due to the role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in tumor resistance and glycosphingolipid (GSL) involvement in tumor pathogenesis, we investigated the effect of a newly synthesized compound (3-amino-N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-b]quinoline-2-carboxamide 1 on the percentage of CSCs and the expression of six GSLs on CSCs and non-CSCs on breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7). We also investigated the effect of 1 on the metabolic profile of these cell lines. The MTT assay was used for cytotoxicity determination. Apoptosis and expression of GSLs were assessed by flow cytometry. A GC–MS-coupled system was used for the separation and identification of metabolites. Compound 1 was cytotoxic for both cell lines, and the majority of cells died by treatment-induced apoptosis. The percentage of CSCs was significantly lower in the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Treatment with 1 caused a decrease of CSC IV6Neu5Ac-nLc4Cer+ MDA-MB-231 cells. In the MCF-7 cell line, the percentage of GalNAc-GM1b+ CSCs was increased, while the expression of Gg3Cer was decreased in both CSC and non-CSC. Twenty-one metabolites were identified by metabolic profiling. The major impact of the treatment was in glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, pyruvate and inositol metabolism. Compound 1 exhibited higher potency in MBA-MB-231 cells, and it deserves further examination.
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Marijan S, Markotić A, Mastelić A, Režić-Mužinić N, Pilkington LI, Reynisson J, Čulić VČ. Glycosphingolipid expression at breast cancer stem cells after novel thieno[2,3-b]pyridine anticancer compound treatment. Sci Rep 2020; 10:11876. [PMID: 32680999 PMCID: PMC7368022 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-68516-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/21/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipid expression differs between human breast cancer stem cells (CSC) and cancer non-stem cells (non-CSC). We performed studies of viability, type of cell death, cancer stem cell percent and glycosphingolipid expression on CSC and non-CSC after treatment of MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-453 triple-negative breast cancer cells with a newly developed thienopyridine anticancer compound (3-amino-N-(3-chloro-2-methylphenyl)-5-oxo-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrothieno[2,3-b]quinoline-2-carboxamide, 1). Compound 1 was cytotoxic for both breast cancer cell lines and the majority of cells died by treatment-induced apoptosis. The percent of cancer stem cells and number of formed mammospheres was significantly lower. Glycosphingolipids IV6Neu5Ac-nLc4Cer and GalNAc-GM1b (IV3Neu5Ac-Gg5Cer) not reported previously, were identified in both CSCs and non-CSCs. IV6Neu5Ac-nLc4Cer had increased expression in both CSCs and non-CSCs of both cell lines after the treatment with 1, while GM3 (II3Neu5Ac-LacCer) had increased expression only on both cell subpopulations in MDA-MB-231 cell line. GalNAc-GM1b, Gb4Cer (GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer) and GM2 (II3Neu5Ac-GalNAcβ1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer) were increased only in CSCs of both cell lines while GD3 was decreased in CSC of MDA-MB-231 cell line. Due to its effect in reducing the percentage of cancer stem cells and number of mammospheres, and its influence upon several glycosphingolipid expressions, it can be concluded that compound 1 deserves attention as a potential new drug for triple-negative breast cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Marijan
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Anita Markotić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Angela Mastelić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Nikolina Režić-Mužinić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia
| | - Lisa Ivy Pilkington
- School of Chemical Sciences, The University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Johannes Reynisson
- School of Pharmacy and Bioengineering, Keele University, Staffordshire, UK
| | - Vedrana Čikeš Čulić
- Department of Medical Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000, Split, Croatia.
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Legros N, Ptascheck S, Pohlentz G, Karch H, Dobrindt U, Müthing J. PapG subtype-specific binding characteristics of Escherichia coli towards globo-series glycosphingolipids of human kidney and bladder uroepithelial cells. Glycobiology 2020; 29:789-802. [PMID: 31361021 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwz059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2019] [Revised: 07/02/2019] [Accepted: 07/24/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC) are the primary cause of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in humans. P-fimbriae are key players for bacterial adherence to the uroepithelium through the Galα1-4Gal-binding PapG adhesin. The three identified classes I, II and III of PapG are supposed to adhere differently to host cell glycosphingolipids (GSLs) of the uroepithelial tract harboring a distal or internal Galα1-4Gal sequence. In this study, GSL binding characteristics were obtained in a nonradioactive adhesion assay using biotinylated E. coli UTI and urine isolates combined with enzyme-linked NeutrAvidin for detection. Initial experiments with reference globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer), globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer) and Forssman GSL (GalNAcα1-3GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer) revealed balanced adhesion toward the three GSLs for PapG I-mediated attachment. In contrast, E. coli carrying PapG II or PapG III increasingly adhered to growing oligosaccharide chain lengths of Gb3Cer, Gb4Cer and Forssman GSL. Binding studies with GSLs from human A498 kidney and human T24 bladder epithelial cells, both being negative for the Forssman GSL, revealed the less abundant Gb4Cer vs. Gb3Cer as the prevalent receptor in A498 cells of E. coli expressing PapG II or PapG III. On the other hand, T24 cells exhibited a higher relative content of Gb4Cer vs. Gb3Cer alongside dominant binding of PapG II- or PapG III-harboring E. coli toward Gb4Cer and vastly lowered attachment to minor Gb3Cer. Further studies on PapG-mediated interaction with cell surface-exposed GSLs will improve our knowledge on the molecular mechanisms of P-fimbriae-mediated adhesion and may contribute to the development of antiadhesion therapeutics to combat UTIs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadine Legros
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Helge Karch
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Ulrich Dobrindt
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany.,Institute of Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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5
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Pohlentz G, Steil D, Rubin D, Mellmann A, Karch H, Müthing J. Pectin-derived neoglycolipids: Tools for differentiation of Shiga toxin subtypes and inhibitors of Shiga toxin-mediated cellular injury. Carbohydr Polym 2019; 212:323-333. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2019.02.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
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6
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Simple interface for scanning chemical compounds on developed thin layer chromatography plates using electrospray ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1049:1-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.10.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 10/15/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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7
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Immunological analysis of food proteins using high-performance thin-layer chromatography-immunostaining. J Chromatogr A 2017; 1526:157-166. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2017.10.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2017] [Revised: 10/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Shiga Toxin Glycosphingolipid Receptors in Human Caco-2 and HCT-8 Colon Epithelial Cell Lines. Toxins (Basel) 2017; 9:toxins9110338. [PMID: 29068380 PMCID: PMC5705953 DOI: 10.3390/toxins9110338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2017] [Revised: 10/11/2017] [Accepted: 10/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stxs) released by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) into the human colon are the causative agents for fatal outcome of EHEC infections. Colon epithelial Caco-2 and HCT-8 cells are widely used for investigating Stx-mediated intestinal cytotoxicity. Only limited data are available regarding precise structures of their Stx receptor glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer), and lipid raft association. In this study we identified Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer lipoforms of serum-free cultivated Caco-2 and HCT-8 cells, chiefly harboring ceramide moieties composed of sphingosine (d18:1) and C16:0, C22:0 or C24:0/C24:1 fatty acid. The most significant difference between the two cell lines was the prevalence of Gb3Cer with C16 fatty acid in HCT-8 and Gb4Cer with C22–C24 fatty acids in Caco-2 cells. Lipid compositional analysis of detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), which were used as lipid raft-equivalents, indicated slightly higher relative content of Stx receptor Gb3Cer in DRMs of HCT-8 cells when compared to Caco-2 cells. Cytotoxicity assays revealed substantial sensitivity towards Stx2a for both cell lines, evidencing little higher susceptibility of Caco-2 cells versus HCT-8 cells. Collectively, Caco-2 and HCT-8 cells express a plethora of different receptor lipoforms and are susceptible towards Stx2a exhibiting somewhat lower sensitivity when compared to Vero cells.
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9
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Hu T, Jia Z, Zhang JL. Strategy for Comprehensive Profiling and Identification of Acidic Glycosphingolipids Using Ultra-High-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Quadrupole Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ting Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhixin Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jin-Lan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Peking Union Medical College & Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100050, People’s Republic of China
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10
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Zhang L, Shi J, Tang J, Cheng Z, Lu X, Kong Y, Wu T. Direct coupling of thin-layer chromatography-bioautography with electrostatic field induced spray ionization-mass spectrometry for separation and identification of lipase inhibitors in lotus leaves. Anal Chim Acta 2017; 967:52-58. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.03.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2016] [Revised: 02/28/2017] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Steil D, Bonse R, Meisen I, Pohlentz G, Vallejo G, Karch H, Müthing J. A Topographical Atlas of Shiga Toxin 2e Receptor Distribution in the Tissues of Weaned Piglets. Toxins (Basel) 2016; 8:toxins8120357. [PMID: 27916888 PMCID: PMC5198551 DOI: 10.3390/toxins8120357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 11/21/2016] [Accepted: 11/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx) 2e of Stx-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) is the primary virulence factor in the development of pig edema disease shortly after weaning. Stx2e binds to the globo-series glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer, Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer, GalNAcβ1-3Galα1-4Galβ1-4Glcβ1-1Cer), the latter acting as the preferential Stx2e receptor. We determined Stx receptor profiles of 25 different tissues of a male and a female weaned piglet using immunochemical solid phase binding assays combined with mass spectrometry. All probed tissues harbored GSL receptors, ranging from high (category I) over moderate (category II) to low content (category III). Examples of Gb4Cer expression in category I tissues are small intestinal ileum, kidney pelvis and whole blood, followed by colon, small intestinal duodenum and jejunum belonging to category II, and kidney cortex, cerebrum and cerebellum as members of category III organs holding true for both genders. Dominant Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer lipoforms were those with ceramides carrying constant sphingosine (d18:1) and a variable C16:0, C22:0 or C24:1/C24:0 fatty acid. From the mapping data, we created a topographical atlas for Stx2e receptors in piglet tissues and organs, which might be helpful to further investigations on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that underlie infections of Stx2e-producing STEC in pigs and their zoonotic potential for humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Steil
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Robert Bonse
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Iris Meisen
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | | | - German Vallejo
- Veterinary practice Dr. med. vet. K. Nolte and Dr. med. vet. G. Vallejo, D-48329 Havixbeck, Germany.
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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12
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Morschheuser L, Wessels H, Pille C, Fischer J, Hünniger T, Fischer M, Paschke-Kratzin A, Rohn S. HPTLC-aptastaining - Innovative protein detection system for high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Sci Rep 2016; 6:26665. [PMID: 27220270 PMCID: PMC4879557 DOI: 10.1038/srep26665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/03/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein analysis using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) is not commonly used but can complement traditional electrophoretic and mass spectrometric approaches in a unique way. Due to various detection protocols and possibilities for hyphenation, HPTLC protein analysis is a promising alternative for e.g., investigating posttranslational modifications. This study exemplarily focused on the investigation of lysozyme, an enzyme which is occurring in eggs and technologically added to foods and beverages such as wine. The detection of lysozyme is mandatory, as it might trigger allergenic reactions in sensitive individuals. To underline the advantages of HPTLC in protein analysis, the development of innovative, highly specific staining protocols leads to improved sensitivity for protein detection on HPTLC plates in comparison to universal protein derivatization reagents. This study aimed at developing a detection methodology for HPTLC separated proteins using aptamers. Due to their affinity and specificity towards a wide range of targets, an aptamer based staining procedure on HPTLC (HPTLC-aptastaining) will enable manifold analytical possibilities. Besides the proof of its applicability for the very first time, (i) aptamer-based staining of proteins is applicable on different stationary phase materials and (ii) furthermore, it can be used as an approach for a semi-quantitative estimation of protein concentrations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lena Morschheuser
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Hauke Wessels
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Christina Pille
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Judith Fischer
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Tim Hünniger
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Markus Fischer
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Angelika Paschke-Kratzin
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
| | - Sascha Rohn
- University of Hamburg, Hamburg School of Food Science, Institute of Food Chemistry, Grindelallee 117, D-20146 Hamburg
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Steil D, Schepers CL, Pohlentz G, Legros N, Runde J, Humpf HU, Karch H, Müthing J. Shiga toxin glycosphingolipid receptors of Vero-B4 kidney epithelial cells and their membrane microdomain lipid environment. J Lipid Res 2015; 56:2322-36. [PMID: 26464281 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m063040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxins (Stxs) are produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC), which cause human infections with an often fatal outcome. Vero cell lines, derived from African green monkey kidney, represent the gold standard for determining the cytotoxic effects of Stxs. Despite their global use, knowledge about the exact structures of the Stx receptor glycosphingolipids (GSLs) and their assembly in lipid rafts is poor. Here we present a comprehensive structural analysis of Stx receptor GSLs and their distribution to detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs), which were prepared from Vero-B4 cells and used as lipid raft equivalents. We identified globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer) as the GSL receptors for Stx1a, Stx2a, and Stx2e subtypes using TLC overlay detection combined with MS. The uncommon Stx receptor, globopentaosylceramide (Gb5Cer, Galβ3GalNAcβ3Galα4Galβ4Glcβ1Cer), which was specifically recognized (in addition to Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer) by Stx2e, was fully structurally characterized. Lipoforms of Stx receptor GSLs were found to mainly harbor ceramide moieties composed of sphingosine (d18:1) and C24:0/C24:1 or C16:0 fatty acid. Moreover, co-occurrence with lipid raft markers, SM and cholesterol, in DRMs suggested GSL association with membrane microdomains. This study provides the basis for further exploring the functional impact of lipid raft-associated Stx receptors for toxin-mediated injury of Vero-B4 cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Steil
- Institutes for Hygiene University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | | | - Nadine Legros
- Institutes for Hygiene University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jana Runde
- Food Chemistry, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Helge Karch
- Institutes for Hygiene University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institutes for Hygiene University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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A Hyphenated Technique based on High-Performance Thin Layer Chromatography for Determining Neutral Sphingolipids: A Proof of Concept. CHROMATOGRAPHY 2015. [DOI: 10.3390/chromatography2020167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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15
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Giuffrida F, Elmelegy IM, Thakkar SK, Marmet C, Destaillats F. Longitudinal evolution of the concentration of gangliosides GM3 and GD3 in human milk. Lipids 2014; 49:997-1004. [PMID: 25186772 PMCID: PMC4173068 DOI: 10.1007/s11745-014-3943-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2013] [Accepted: 08/12/2014] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been reported that dietary gangliosides may have an important role in preventing infections and in brain development during early infancy. However, data related to the evolution of their concentration over the different stages of lactation are scarce. Liquid chromatography coupled with electrospray ionization high resolution mass spectrometer (LC/ESI-HR-MS) has been optimized to quantify the two major ganglioside classes, i.e., aNeu5Ac(2-8)aNeu5Ac(2-3)bDGalp(1-4)bDGlcp(1-1)Cer (GD3) and aNeu5Ac(2-3)bDGalp(1-4)bDGlcp(1-1)Cer (GM3) in human milk. Gangliosides were extracted using chloroform and methanol, further purified by solid-phase extraction and separated by reversed-phase liquid chromatography. Repeatability, intermediate reproducibility, and recovery values were assessed to validate the method. In human milk, GD3 and GM3 could be quantified at the level of 0.1 and 0.2 μg/mL, respectively, with relative standard deviation of repeatability [CV(r)] and intermediate reproducibility [CV(iR)] values ranging from 1.9 to 15.0 % and 1.9 to 22.5 %, respectively. The described method was used to quantify GD3 and GM3 in human milk samples collected from 450 volunteers between 0 and 11 days and at 30, 60 and 120 days postpartum, providing for the first time the concentration of these minor lipids in a large cohort. The content of total gangliosides ranged from 8.1 and 10.7 μg/mL and the mean intake of gangliosides in infants 30, 60 and 120 days postpartum could be estimated at about 5.5, 7.0 and 8.6 mg of total gangliosides per day, respectively, when infants were exclusively breastfed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Giuffrida
- Nestlé Research Center, Nestec Ltd, P.O. Box 44, Vers-chez-les-Blanc, 26, 1000, Lausanne, Switzerland,
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16
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Chromatography with Mass Spectral Detection (GC/MS and LC/MS). CHROMATOGRAPHY 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/9780471980582.ch10] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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17
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A shift from N-glycolyl- to N-acetyl-sialic acid in the GM3 ganglioside impairs tumor development in mouse lymphocytic leukemia cells. Glycoconj J 2013; 30:687-99. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-013-9473-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2012] [Revised: 03/15/2013] [Accepted: 03/17/2013] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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18
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Tian R, Jin J, Taylor L, Larsen B, Quaggin SE, Pawson T. Rapid and sensitive MRM-based mass spectrometry approach for systematically exploring ganglioside-protein interactions. Proteomics 2013; 13:1334-8. [PMID: 23401482 DOI: 10.1002/pmic.201200410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2012] [Revised: 11/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/24/2012] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Gangliosides are ubiquitous components of cell membranes. Their interactions with bacterial toxins and membrane-associated proteins (e.g. receptor tyrosine kinases) have important roles in the regulation of multiple cellular functions. Currently, an effective approach for measuring ganglioside-protein interactions especially in a large-scale fashion is largely missing. To this end, we report a facile MS-based approach to explore gangliosides extracted from cells and measure their interactions with protein of interest globally. We optimized a two-step protocol for extracting total gangliosides from cells within 2 h. Easy-to-use magnetic beads conjugated with a protein of interest were used to capture interacting gangliosides. To measure ganglioside-protein interaction on a global scale, we applied a high-sensitive LC-MS system, containing hydrophilic interaction LC separation and multiple reaction monitoring-based MS for ganglioside detection. Sensitivity for ganglioside GM1 is below 100 pg, and the whole analysis can be done in 20 min with isocratic elution. To measure ganglioside interactions with soluble vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 (sFlt1), we extracted and readily detected 36 species of gangliosides from perivascular retinal pigment epithelium cells across eight different classes. Twenty-three ganglioside species have significant interactions with sFlt1 as compared with IgG control based on p value cutoff <0.05. These results show that the described method provides a rapid and high-sensitive approach for systematically measuring ganglioside-protein interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruijun Tian
- Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, ON, Canada.
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19
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Kouzel IU, Pohlentz G, Storck W, Radamm L, Hoffmann P, Bielaszewska M, Bauwens A, Cichon C, Schmidt MA, Mormann M, Karch H, Müthing J. Association of Shiga toxin glycosphingolipid receptors with membrane microdomains of toxin-sensitive lymphoid and myeloid cells. J Lipid Res 2013; 54:692-710. [PMID: 23248329 PMCID: PMC3617944 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m031781] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2012] [Revised: 12/14/2012] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) of the globo-series constitute specific receptors for Shiga toxins (Stxs) released by certain types of pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. Stx-loaded leukocytes may act as transporter cells in the blood and transfer the toxin to endothelial target cells. Therefore, we performed a thorough investigation on the expression of globo-series GSLs in serum-free cultivated Raji and Jurkat cells, representing B- and T-lymphocyte descendants, respectively, as well as THP-1 and HL-60 cells of the monocyte and granulocyte lineage, respectively. The presence of Stx-receptors in GSL preparations of Raji and THP-1 cells and the absence in Jurkat and HL-60 cells revealed high compliance of solid-phase immunodetection assays with the expression profiles of receptor-related glycosyltransferases, performed by qRT-PCR analysis, and Stx2-caused cellular damage. Canonical microdomain association of Stx GSL receptors, sphingomyelin, and cholesterol in membranes of Raji and THP-1 cells was assessed by comparative analysis of detergent-resistant membrane (DRM) and nonDRM fractions obtained by density gradient centrifugation and showed high correlation based on nonparametric statistical analysis. Our comprehensive study on the expression of Stx-receptors and their subcellular distribution provides the basis for exploring the functional role of lipid raft-associated Stx-receptors in cells of leukocyte origin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan U. Kouzel
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Wiebke Storck
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Lena Radamm
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Bauwens
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Christoph Cichon
- Institute of Infectiology, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | | | - Michael Mormann
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF), University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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20
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Meisen I, Rosenbrück R, Galla HJ, Hüwel S, Kouzel IU, Mormann M, Karch H, Müthing J. Expression of Shiga toxin 2e glycosphingolipid receptors of primary porcine brain endothelial cells and toxin-mediated breakdown of the blood-brain barrier. Glycobiology 2013; 23:745-59. [PMID: 23431059 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwt013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx) 2e, released by certain Stx-producing Escherichia coli, is presently the best characterized virulence factor responsible for pig edema disease, which is characterized by hemorrhagic lesions, neurological disorders and often fatal outcomes. Although Stx2e-mediated brain vascular injury is the key event in development of neurologic signs, the glycosphingolipid (GSL) receptors of Stx2e and toxin-mediated impairment of pig brain endothelial cells have not been investigated so far. Here, we report on the detailed structural characterization of Stx2e receptors globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer), which make up the major neutral GSLs in primary porcine brain capillary endothelial cells (PBCECs). Various Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer lipoforms harboring sphingenine (d18:1) or sphinganine (d18:0) and mostly a long-chain fatty acid (C20-C24) were detected. A notable batch-to-batch heterogeneity of primary endothelial cells was observed regarding the extent of ceramide hydroxylation of Gb3Cer or Gb4Cer species. Gb3Cer, Gb4Cer and sphingomyelin preferentially distribute to detergent-resistant membrane fractions and can be considered lipid raft markers in PBCECs. Moreover, we employed an in vitro model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), which exhibited strong cytotoxic effects of Stx2e on the endothelial monolayer and a rapid collapse of the BBB. These data strongly suggest the involvement of Stx2e in cerebral vascular damage with resultant neurological disturbance characteristic of edema disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iris Meisen
- Institute for Hygiene, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, Germany
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21
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Bauwens A, Betz J, Meisen I, Kemper B, Karch H, Müthing J. Facing glycosphingolipid-Shiga toxin interaction: dire straits for endothelial cells of the human vasculature. Cell Mol Life Sci 2013; 70:425-57. [PMID: 22766973 PMCID: PMC11113656 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-012-1060-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2012] [Revised: 05/25/2012] [Accepted: 06/14/2012] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The two major Shiga toxin (Stx) types, Stx1 and Stx2, produced by enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) in particular injure renal and cerebral microvascular endothelial cells after transfer from the human intestine into the circulation. Stxs are AB(5) toxins composed of an enzymatically active A subunit and the pentameric B subunit, which preferentially binds to the glycosphingolipid globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer/CD77). This review summarizes the current knowledge on Stx-caused cellular injury and the structural diversity of Stx receptors as well as the initial molecular interaction of Stxs with the human endothelium of different vascular beds. The varying lipoforms of Stx receptors and their spatial organization in lipid rafts suggest a central role in different modes of receptor-mediated endocytosis and intracellular destiny of the toxins. The design and development of tailored Stx neutralizers targeting the oligosaccharide-toxin recognition event has become a very real prospect to ameliorate or prevent life-threatening renal and neurological complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Bauwens
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Josefine Betz
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Iris Meisen
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Björn Kemper
- Center for Biomedical Optics and Photonics, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 45, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, 48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research, University of Münster, Domagkstr. 3, 48149 Münster, Germany
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22
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The human H3N2 influenza viruses A/Victoria/3/75 and A/Hiroshima/52/2005 preferentially bind to α2-3-sialylated monosialogangliosides with fucosylated poly-N-acetyllactosaminyl chains. Glycobiology 2012; 22:1055-76. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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23
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Betz J, Bauwens A, Kunsmann L, Bielaszewska M, Mormann M, Humpf HU, Karch H, Friedrich AW, Müthing J. Uncommon membrane distribution of Shiga toxin glycosphingolipid receptors in toxin-sensitive human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells. Biol Chem 2012; 393:133-47. [DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2011-0288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2011] [Accepted: 12/22/2011] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Membrane microdomain association of the glycosphingolipids (GSLs) globotriaosylceramide (Gb3Cer) and globotetraosylceramide (Gb4Cer), the highly and less effective receptors, respectively, for Shiga toxins (Stxs), is assumed as a functional requirement for Stx-mediated cytotoxicity. In a previous study, we demonstrated predominant localization of Stx receptors in cholesterol-enriched membrane microdomains of moderately Stx-sensitive human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) by means of detergent-resistant membranes (DRMs). Here we report a different preferential distribution of Stx receptors in non-DRM fractions of human glomerular microvascular endothelial cells (GMVECs), the major targets of Stxs in the human kidney. Full structural characterization of Stx receptors using electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry revealed Gb3Cer and Gb4Cer lipoforms with ceramide moieties mainly composed of C24:0/C24:1 or C16:0 fatty acid and sphingosine (d18:1) in GMVECs comparable to those previously found in HBMECs. Thin-layer chromatography immunostaining demonstrated an approximately 2-fold higher content of Gb3Cer and a 1.4-fold higher content of Gb4Cer in GMVECs than in HBMECs. However, this does not explain the remarkable higher cytotoxic action of Stx1 and Stx2 toward GMVECs as compared with HBMECs. Our finding opens new questions on the microdomain association of Stx receptors and the functional role of GSLs in the membrane assembly of GMVECs.
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Müthing J, Meisen I, Zhang W, Bielaszewska M, Mormann M, Bauerfeind R, Schmidt MA, Friedrich AW, Karch H. Promiscuous Shiga toxin 2e and its intimate relationship to Forssman. Glycobiology 2012; 22:849-62. [DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cws009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
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25
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Thin-layer chromatography, overlay technique and mass spectrometry: A versatile triad advancing glycosphingolipidomics. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:875-96. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2011] [Revised: 03/18/2011] [Accepted: 04/10/2011] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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26
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High-performance thin-layer chromatography/mass spectrometry for the analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Cell Biol Lipids 2011; 1811:861-74. [PMID: 21740982 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbalip.2011.06.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2011] [Revised: 06/08/2011] [Accepted: 06/15/2011] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
This mini-review summarizes the protocol we have developed for the analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) by high-performance thin layer chromatography (HPTLC)-mass spectrometry (MS). We also present results obtained using this glycolipidomic approach to study neutral GSLs from mouse kidney, spleen, and small intestine. Finally, we discuss what is required for further development of this method, as well as what is expected for the future of glycolipid biology.
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27
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Cheng SC, Huang MZ, Shiea J. Thin layer chromatography/mass spectrometry. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:2700-11. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2011.01.077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2010] [Revised: 01/24/2011] [Accepted: 01/25/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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28
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Preparation and Characterization of Stealth Archaeosomes Based on a Synthetic PEGylated Archaeal Tetraether Lipid. JOURNAL OF DRUG DELIVERY 2011; 2011:396068. [PMID: 21603209 PMCID: PMC3095417 DOI: 10.1155/2011/396068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2010] [Revised: 01/04/2011] [Accepted: 01/20/2011] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The present studies were focused on the formation and characterization of sterically stabilized archaeosomes made from a synthetic PEGylated archaeal lipid. In a first step, a synthetic archaeal tetraether bipolar lipid was functionalized with a poly(ethylene glycol), PEG, and (PEG(45)-Tetraether) with the aim of coating the archaeosome surface with a sterically stabilizing hydrophilic polymer. In a second step, Egg-PC/PEG(45)-Tetraether (90/10 wt%) archaeosomes were prepared, and their physicochemical characteristics were determined by dynamic light scattering (size, polydispersity), cryo-TEM (morphology), and by high-performance thin layer chromatography (lipid composition), in comparison with standard Egg-PC/PEG(45)-DSPE formulations. Further, a fluorescent dye, the carboxyfluorescein, was encapsulated into the prepared archaeosomes in order to evaluate the potential of such nanostructures as drug carriers. Release studies have shown that the stability of Egg-PC/PEG(45)-Tetraether-based archaeosomes is significantly higher at 37°C than the one of Egg-PC/PEG(45)-DSPE-based liposomes, as evidenced by the slower release of the dye encapsulated into PEGylated archaeosomes. This enhanced stability could be related to the membrane spanning properties of the archaeal bipolar lipid as already described with natural or synthetic tetraether lipids.
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29
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Schweppe CH, Hoffmann P, Nofer JR, Pohlentz G, Mormann M, Karch H, Friedrich AW, Müthing J. Neutral glycosphingolipids in human blood: a precise mass spectrometry analysis with special reference to lipoprotein-associated Shiga toxin receptors. J Lipid Res 2010; 51:2282-94. [PMID: 20444989 PMCID: PMC2903809 DOI: 10.1194/jlr.m006759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2010] [Revised: 05/05/2010] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Shiga toxin (Stx)-producing Escherichia coli are the leading cause of hemorrhagic colitis and life-threatening extraintestinal complications in humans. Stx1 and Stx2 are transferred by yet to be delineated mechanisms from the intestine to the circulation where they injure microvascular endothelial cells. The resulting vascular lesions cause renal failure and brain damage. Because lipoproteins are potential carriers of Stx through the circulation, we investigated human lipoprotein-associated neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) with emphasis on high (globotriaosylceramide) and low (globotetraosylceramide) affinity Stx-receptors. TLC overlay employing Stx1, Stx2, and anti-GSL antibodies demonstrated preferential distribution of globo-series GSLs to very low- and low-density lipoproteins compared with minor association with high-density lipoproteins. Electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry portrayed C24:0/C24:1 and C16:0 as the major fatty acid of the ceramide moieties of Stx-receptors carrying nonvarying d18:1 sphingosine. This structural heterogeneity was also found in precursor lactosylceramide, glucosylceramide, and galactosylceramide, the last showing an exceptionally high degree of hydroxylated C24 fatty acids. Our findings provide the basis for exploring the functional role of lipoprotein-associated Stx-receptors in human blood.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Petra Hoffmann
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jerzy-Roch Nofer
- Institute for Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Gottfried Pohlentz
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Michael Mormann
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Alexander W. Friedrich
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
- Interdisciplinary Center for Clinical Research (IZKF) Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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30
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Müthing J, Distler U. Advances on the compositional analysis of glycosphingolipids combining thin-layer chromatography with mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2010; 29:425-479. [PMID: 19609886 DOI: 10.1002/mas.20253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), composed of a hydrophilic carbohydrate chain and a lipophilic ceramide anchor, play pivotal roles in countless biological processes, including infectious diseases and the development of cancer. Knowledge of the number and sequence of monosaccharides and their anomeric configuration and linkage type, which make up the principal items of the glyco code of biologically active carbohydrate chains, is essential for exploring the function of GSLs. As part of the investigation of the vertebrate glycome, GSL analysis is undergoing rapid expansion owing to the application of novel biochemical and biophysical technologies. Mass spectrometry (MS) takes part in the network of collaborations to further unravel structural and functional aspects within the fascinating world of GSLs with the ultimate aim to better define their role in human health and disease. However, a single-method analytical MS technique without supporting tools is limited yielding only partial structural information. Because of its superior resolving power, robustness, and easy handling, high-performance thin-layer chromatography (TLC) is widely used as an invaluable tool in GSL analysis. The intention of this review is to give an insight into current advances obtained by coupling supplementary techniques such as TLC and mass spectrometry. A retrospective view of the development of this concept and the recent improvements by merging (1) TLC separation of GSLs, (2) their detection with oligosaccharide-specific proteins, and (3) in situ MS analysis of protein-detected GSLs directly on the TLC plate, are provided. The procedure works on a nanogram scale and was successfully applied to the identification of cancer-associated GSLs in several types of human tumors. The combination of these two supplementary techniques opens new doors by delivering specific structural information of trace quantities of GSLs with only limited investment in sample preparation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, Robert-Koch-Str. 41, D-48149 Münster, Germany.
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31
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Li Y, Arigi E, Eichert H, Levery SB. Mass spectrometry of fluorocarbon-labeled glycosphingolipids. JOURNAL OF MASS SPECTROMETRY : JMS 2010; 45:504-519. [PMID: 20301184 DOI: 10.1002/jms.1734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A method for generation of novel fluorocarbon derivatives of glycosphingolipids (GSLs) with high affinity for fluorocarbon phases has been developed, and their potential applications to mass spectrometry (MS)-based methodologies for glycosphingolipidomics have been investigated. Sphingolipid ceramide N-deacylase (SCDase) is used to remove the fatty acid from the ceramide moiety, after which a fluorocarbon-rich substituent (F-Tag) is incorporated at the free amine of the sphingoid. In initial trials, a neutral GSL, globotriaosylceramide (Gb(3)Cer), three purified bovine brain gangliosides, and four fungal glycosylinositol phosphorylceramides (GIPCs) were de-N-acylated, derivatized by prototype F-Tags, and recovered by solid phase extraction on fluorocarbon-derivatized silica (F-SPE). The efficacy of SCDase treatment of GIPCs was here demonstrated for the first time. Compatibility with subsequent per-N,O-methylation was established for the F-tagged Gb(3) Cer and purified gangliosides, and extensive mass spectra (MS(1) and MS(2)) consistent with all of the expected products were acquired. The potential use of F-tagged derivatives for a comprehensive MS based profiling application was then demonstrated on a crude ganglioside mixture extracted from bovine brain. Finally, a simple trial in microarray format demonstrated fixation of F-tagged G(M1) ganglioside to a fluorous glass surface, with the glycan intact and available for interaction with a fluorescent derivative of cholera toxin B chain. The methods described thus provide a new avenue for rapid GSL recovery or cleanup, potentially compatible with a variety of platforms for mass spectrometric profiling and structure analysis, as well as parallel analysis of functional interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsen Li
- University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH 03824-3598, USA
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32
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Müsken A, Souady J, Dreisewerd K, Zhang W, Distler U, Peter-Katalinić J, Miller-Podraza H, Karch H, Müthing J. Application of thin-layer chromatography/infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry to structural analysis of bacteria-binding glycosphingolipids selected by affinity detection. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2010; 24:1032-1038. [PMID: 20213676 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.4480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids (GSLs) play key roles in the manifestation of infectious diseases as attachment sites for pathogens. The thin-layer chromatography (TLC) overlay assay represents one of the most powerful approaches for the detection of GSL receptors of microorganisms. Here we report on the direct structural characterization of microbial GSL receptors by employment of the TLC overlay assay combined with infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry (IR-MALDI-o-TOF-MS). The procedure includes TLC separation of GSL mixtures, overlay of the chromatogram with GSL-specific bacteria, detection of bound microbes with primary antibodies against bacterial surface proteins and appropriate alkaline phosphatase labeled secondary antibodies, and in situ MS analysis of bacteria-specific GSL receptors. The combined method works on microgram scale of GSL mixtures and is advantageous in that it omits laborious and time-consuming GSL extraction from the silica gel layer. This technique was successfully applied to the compositional analysis of globo-series neutral GSLs recognized by P-fimbriated Escherichia coli bacteria, which were used as model microorganisms for infection of the human urinary tract. Thus, direct TLC/IR-MALDI-o-TOF-MS adds a novel facet to this fast and sensitive method offering a wide range of applications for the investigation of carbohydrate-specific pathogens involved in human infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Müsken
- Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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33
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Determination of sialic acid and gangliosides in biological samples and dairy products: A review. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2010; 51:346-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2009.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2009] [Revised: 04/17/2009] [Accepted: 04/23/2009] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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34
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Souady J, Soltwisch J, Dreisewerd K, Haier J, Peter-Katalinić J, Müthing J. Structural Profiling of Individual Glycosphingolipids in a Single Thin-Layer Chromatogram by Multiple Sequential Immunodetection Matched with Direct IR-MALDI-o-TOF Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2009; 81:9481-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901948h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jamal Souady
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jens Soltwisch
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jörg Haier
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Jasna Peter-Katalinić
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Haynes CA, Allegood JC, Park H, Sullards MC. Sphingolipidomics: methods for the comprehensive analysis of sphingolipids. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2009; 877:2696-708. [PMID: 19147416 PMCID: PMC2765038 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.12.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2008] [Revised: 12/23/2008] [Accepted: 12/24/2008] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Sphingolipids comprise a highly diverse and complex class of molecules that serve as both structural components of cellular membranes and signaling molecules capable of eliciting apoptosis, differentiation, chemotaxis, and other responses in mammalian cells. Comprehensive or "sphingolipidomic" analyses (structure specific, quantitative analyses of all sphingolipids, or at least all members of a critical subset) are required in order to elucidate the role(s) of sphingolipids in a given biological context because so many of the sphingolipids in a biological system are inter-converted structurally and metabolically. Despite the experimental challenges posed by the diversity of sphingolipid-regulated cellular responses, the detection and quantitation of multiple sphingolipids in a single sample has been made possible by combining classical analytical separation techniques such as high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with state-of-the-art tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS) techniques. As part of the Lipid MAPS consortium an internal standard cocktail was developed that comprises the signaling metabolites (i.e. sphingoid bases, sphingoid base-1-phosphates, ceramides, and ceramide-1-phosphates) as well as more complex species such as mono- and di-hexosylceramides and sphingomyelin. Additionally, the number of species that can be analyzed is growing rapidly with the addition of fatty acyl Co-As, sulfatides, and other complex sphingolipids as more internal standards are becoming available. The resulting LC-MS/MS analyses are one of the most analytically rigorous technologies that can provide the necessary sensitivity, structural specificity, and quantitative precision with high-throughput for "sphingolipidomic" analyses in small sample quantities. This review summarizes historical and state-of-the-art analytical techniques used for the identification, structure determination, and quantitation of sphingolipids from free sphingoid bases through more complex sphingolipids such as sphingomyelins, lactosylceramides, and sulfatides including those intermediates currently considered sphingolipid "second messengers". Also discussed are some emerging techniques and other issues remaining to be resolved for the analysis of the full sphingolipidome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher A. Haynes
- School of Biology, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0363, U.S.A
| | - Jeremy C. Allegood
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Virginia Commonwealth University School of Medicine, Richmond, VA 23298-5048, U.S.A
| | - Hyejung Park
- School of Biology, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0363, U.S.A
| | - M. Cameron Sullards
- School of Biology, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0363, U.S.A
- School of Chemistry & Biochemistry, Parker H. Petit Institute for Bioengineering and Bioscience, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia 30332-0363, U.S.A
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Kirsch S, Müthing J, Peter-Katalinić J, Bindila L. On-line nano-HPLC/ESI QTOF MS monitoring of alpha2-3 and alpha2-6 sialylation in granulocyte glycosphingolipidome. Biol Chem 2009; 390:657-72. [PMID: 19361287 DOI: 10.1515/bc.2009.066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A novel glycosphingolipidomic protocol using nano-high performance liquid chromatography coupled on-line to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (ESI-QTOF-MS) focusing on the separation of isomeric ganglioside structures is described here. A highly efficient separation of alpha2-3- and alpha2-6-sialylated ganglioside species of different carbohydrate chain length was achieved on an HILIC-amido column, followed by sensitive flow-through ESI-QTOF-MS detection and unambiguous structural identification by tandem MS experiments. The protocol was applied to encompass the glycosphingolipidome of human granulocytes, where 182 distinct components could be clearly identified and assigned regarding the ganglioside type and the isomer distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kirsch
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany
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Goto-Inoue N, Hayasaka T, Sugiura Y, Taki T, Li YT, Matsumoto M, Setou M. High-sensitivity analysis of glycosphingolipids by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry on transfer membranes. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 870:74-83. [PMID: 18571485 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2008.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2008] [Revised: 05/28/2008] [Accepted: 06/02/2008] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Glycosphingolipids are ubiquitous constituents of cells. Yet there is still room for improvement in the techniques for analyzing glycosphingolipids. Here we report our highly sensitive and convenient analytical technology with imaging mass spectrometry for detailed structural analysis of glycosphingolipids. We were able to determine detailed ceramide structures; i.e., both the sphingosine base and fatty acid, by MS/MS/MS analysis on a PVDF membrane with 10 pmol of GM1, with which only faint bands were visible by primuline staining. The limit of detection was approximately 1 pmol of GM1, which is lower than the value in the conventional reports (10 pmol).
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Affiliation(s)
- Naoko Goto-Inoue
- Department of Molecular Anatomy, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Shizuoka 431-3192, Japan
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Kirsch S, Zarei M, Cindrić M, Müthing J, Bindila L, Peter-Katalinić J. On-Line Nano-HPLC/ESI QTOF MS and Tandem MS for Separation, Detection, and Structural Elucidation of Human Erythrocytes Neutral Glycosphingolipid Mixture. Anal Chem 2008; 80:4711-22. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702175f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Stephan Kirsch
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mostafa Zarei
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Mario Cindrić
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Laura Bindila
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
| | - Jasna Peter-Katalinić
- Institute for Medical Physics and Biophysics, University of Münster, Robert Koch Strasse 31, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Pliva Research and Development Ltd., Prilaz baruna Filipovića 29, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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39
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Distler U, Hülsewig M, Souady J, Dreisewerd K, Haier J, Senninger N, Friedrich AW, Karch H, Hillenkamp F, Berkenkamp S, Peter-Katalinić J, Müthing J. Matching IR-MALDI-o-TOF Mass Spectrometry with the TLC Overlay Binding Assay and Its Clinical Application for Tracing Tumor-Associated Glycosphingolipids in Hepatocellular and Pancreatic Cancer. Anal Chem 2008; 80:1835-46. [DOI: 10.1021/ac702071x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ute Distler
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Marcel Hülsewig
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jamal Souady
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jörg Haier
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Norbert Senninger
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Alexander W. Friedrich
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Helge Karch
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Franz Hillenkamp
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Stefan Berkenkamp
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jasna Peter-Katalinić
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
| | - Johannes Müthing
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics and Institute for Hygiene, University of Münster, D-48149 Münster, Germany, Department of General Surgery, Münster University Hospital, D-48149 Münster, Germany, and Sequenom GmbH, D-22761 Hamburg, Germany
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Glycosphingolipids in vascular endothelial cells: relationship of heterogeneity in Gb3Cer/CD77 receptor expression with differential Shiga toxin 1 cytotoxicity. Glycoconj J 2008; 25:291-304. [DOI: 10.1007/s10719-007-9091-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2007] [Revised: 10/18/2007] [Accepted: 11/15/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Rohlfing A, Müthing J, Pohlentz G, Distler U, Peter-Katalinić J, Berkenkamp S, Dreisewerd K. IR-MALDI-MS Analysis of HPTLC-Separated Phospholipid Mixtures Directly from the TLC Plate. Anal Chem 2007; 79:5793-808. [PMID: 17590015 DOI: 10.1021/ac070633x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The application of a recently developed direct coupling of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) and infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orthogonal extracting time-of-flight mass spectrometry (Dreisewerd, K.; Müthing, J.; Rohlfing, A.; Meisen, I.; Vukelic, Z.; Peter-Katalinic, J.; Hillenkamp, F.; Berkenkamp, S. Anal. Chem. 2005, 77, 4098-4107) to the analysis of phospholipid mixtures is demonstrated. Mixtures of six phospholipid types were exemplarily analyzed. The sensitivity was found to be in the range between about 10 and 150 pmol of material spotted for HPTLC, depending on phospholipid acidity, Rf value, and ion polarity. The lateral resolution of the analysis is on the order of the laser focus diameter of about 220 x 300 microm2, allowing differentiation between phospholipid species of different acyl chain composition within one single HPTLC band, which were undistiguishable by a mere visual assessment. Analyte diffusion due to the addition of glycerol to the HPTLC plate was found to be-if at all notable-of only minor importance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Rohlfing
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, Robert-Koch-Strasse 31, 48149 Münster, Germany
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42
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Dreisewerd K, Müthing J, Rohlfing A, Meisen I, Vukelić Z, Peter-Katalinić J, Hillenkamp F, Berkenkamp S. Analysis of gangliosides directly from thin-layer chromatography plates by infrared matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometry with a glycerol matrix. Anal Chem 2007; 77:4098-107. [PMID: 15987115 DOI: 10.1021/ac048373w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 104] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A novel method is presented for direct coupling of high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) with matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) for the analysis of biomolecules. A first key feature is the use of a liquid matrix (glycerol), which provides a homogeneous wetting of the silica gel and a simple and fast MALDI preparation protocol. A second is the use of an Er:YAG infrared laser, which ablates layers of approximately 10-microm thickness of analyte-loaded silica gel and provides a soft desorption/ionization of even very labile analyte molecules. The orthogonal time-of-flight mass spectrometer employed in this study, finally provides a high accuracy of the mass determination, which is independent of any irregularity of the silica gel surface. The analytical potential of the method is demonstrated by the compositional mapping of a native GM3 (II(3)-alpha-Neu5Ac-LacCer) ganglioside mixture from cultured Chinese hamster ovary cells. The analysis is characterized by a high relative sensitivity, allowing the simultaneous detection of various major and minor GM3 species directly from individual HPTLC analyte bands. The lateral resolution of the direct HPTLC-MALDI-MS analysis is defined by the laser focus diameter of currently approximately 200 microm. This allows one to determine mobility profiles of individual species with a higher resolution than by reading off the chromatogram by optical absorption. The fluorescent dye primuline was, furthermore, successfully tested as a nondestructive, MALDI-compatible staining agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Dreisewerd
- Institute of Medical Physics and Biophysics, Westfälische Wilhelms-Universität Münster, 48149 Münster, Germany.
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43
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Nakamura K, Suzuki Y, Goto-Inoue N, Yoshida-Noro C, Suzuki A. Structural Characterization of Neutral Glycosphingolipids by Thin-Layer Chromatography Coupled to Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Quadrupole Ion Trap Time-of-Flight MS/MS. Anal Chem 2006; 78:5736-43. [PMID: 16906718 DOI: 10.1021/ac0605501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and convenient structural analysis of neutral glycosphingolipids (GSLs) was achieved by direct coupling of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) to matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight (MALDI-QIT-TOF) MS/MS. Positions of unstained GSL spots on developed TLC plates were determined by comparison to orcinol-stained references. A matrix solution of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (DHB) in acetonitrile/water (1:1 v/v) was then added directly to the unstained GSL spots, and the GSLs were directly analyzed by MALDI-QIT-TOF MS. The acetonitrile/water DHB solution proved to be suitable for MS/MS structural analysis with high sensitivity. MS/MS and MS/MS/MS of GSLs yielded simple and informative spectra that revealed the ceramide and long-chain base structures, as well as the sugar sequences. Hydroxy fatty acids in ceramide provided characteristic MS/MS fragment ions. GSLs were stained with primuline, a nondestructive dye, after TLC development, and successfully analyzed by MALDI-QIT-TOF MS/MS with high sensitivity. Immunostaining of GSLs after TLC development is a powerful method for characterizing antibody-specific sugars, but not ceramides. By coupling TLC-immunostaining of GSLs to MALDI-QIT-TOF MS/MS, we were able to identify both the sugar and the ceramide structures. The detection limits of asialo GM1 (Galbeta1-3GalNAcbeta1-4Galbeta1-4Glcbeta1-1'Cer) were 25 and 50 pmol in primuline staining and immunostaining, respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyoko Nakamura
- Sphingolipid Expression Laboratory, Supra-Biomolecular System Research Group, Frontier Research System, Institute of Physical and Chemical Research (RIKEN), Saitama, Japan
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44
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Suzuki Y, Suzuki M, Ito E, Goto-Inoue N, Miseki K, Iida J, Yamazaki Y, Yamada M, Suzuki A. Convenient structural analysis of glycosphingolipids using MALDI-QIT-TOF mass spectrometry with increased laser power and cooling gas flow. J Biochem 2006; 139:771-7. [PMID: 16672278 DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvj090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization quadrupole ion trap time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-QIT-TOF MS) was applied to the structural characterization of neutral glycosphingolipids. Lithium adduct ions of glycosphingolipids were analyzed using MALDI-QIT-TOF MS under strong conditions of increased laser power and cooling gas flow. The relative intensities of fragment ions were increased under the strong conditions, and the resulting spectra revealed the presence of oligosaccharide ions fragmented from the glycosphingolipids. Consequently, the oligosaccharide sequences of the glycosphingolipids were readily obtained. To obtain more detailed structural information, MS/MS (MS2) and MS/MS/MS (MS3) analyses were performed with selection of the lactosylceramide and ceramide ions, respectively. The resulting data were sufficient to determine the structures of both the oligosaccharide and the ceramide moiety of each glycosphingolipid. The fragmentation patterns of MS2 and MS3 for Forssman glycolipid under the strong conditions were comparable to those of MS3 and MS4 obtained under standard conditions, respectively. Thus, MALDI-QIT-TOF MS with increased laser power and cooling gas flow is a convenient method for glycosphingolipid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yusuke Suzuki
- Sphingolipid Expression Laboratory, RIKEN Frontier Research System, Wako, Saitama 351-0198
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Thiesen PH, Rosenfeld H, Konidala P, Garamus VM, He L, Prange A, Niemeyer B. Glycolipids from a colloid chemical point of view. J Biotechnol 2006; 124:284-301. [PMID: 16707183 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2006.03.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2005] [Revised: 02/24/2006] [Accepted: 03/29/2006] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Glycolipids are a group of compounds with a broad range of applications. Two types of glycolipids (alkylpolyglycosides and gangliosides) were examined with regard to their physicochemical properties. Despite their structural differences, they have in common that they are amphiphilic molecules and able to aggregate to form monolayers, bilayers, micelles, lyothropic mesophases or vesicles. The structures of glycolipid micelles were investigated by different experimental techniques in addition to molecular dynamic simulations. The knowledge of the physicochemical properties of gangliosides enables a better understanding of their biological functions. Structural features were obtained for the monosialogangliosides GM1, GM2 and GT1b from bovine brain by means of mass spectrometry. Further the aggregation behaviour was determined by small-angle neutron and dynamic light scattering experiments. Interaction studies of these compounds were carried out by means of surface plasmon resonance using gangliosides incorporated liposomes. They were used as model membranes that interact with the lectins WGA, RCA and HPA. The interaction of lectins immobilized to a modified silicon surface was investigated by in-situ ellipsometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- P H Thiesen
- Helmut-Schmidt-University/University of the Federal Armed Forces Hamburg, Germany
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46
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Sherma
- Department of Chemistry, Lafayette College, Easton, Pennsylvania 18042, USA
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47
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Morinaga O, Fukuda N, Tanaka H, Shoyama Y. Chromatographic resolution of glucosidic compounds, ginsenosides on polyethersulphone membrane, and its application to the quantitative immunoassay for ginseng saponins. Glycobiology 2005; 15:1061-6. [PMID: 15972894 DOI: 10.1093/glycob/cwi096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
A method has been devised for the chromatographic resolution of glucosidic compounds, ginseng saponins, on polyethersulphone (PES) membrane. The method results in good resolution and quantitative immunoassay for ginsenoside Rb1 (G-Rb1), G-Rc, and G-Rd in crude extracts of various ginsengs. The newly established method is simpler and applies for quantitative analysis. Ginsenosides developed by acetonitrile-water-acetic acid solvent system on a PES membrane were directly treated with a NaIO4 solution followed by bovine serum albumin (BSA), resulting in a ginsenoside-BSA conjugate on a PES membrane. Anti-G-Rb1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) was bound, and then a second antibody labeled with peroxidase directed against the first antibody. Finally a substrate reacted to the enzyme and gave staining. The stained membrane was scanned, and spots were analyzed quantitatively using NIH Image software. At least 62.5 ng of G-Rb1, G-Rc, and G-Rd were clearly detectable individually. Three ginsenosides can be analyzed quantitatively between 0.125 and 2.0 microg.
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Affiliation(s)
- Osamu Morinaga
- Innovation Plaza Fukuoka, Japan Science and Technology Agency, 3-8-34 Momochihama, Fukuoka 814-0001, Japan
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48
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Oxygenation alters ganglioside expression in rat liver following partial hepatectomy. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2005; 330:131-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.02.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2005] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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49
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Eblan MJ, Walker JM, Sidransky E. The glucocerebrosidase gene and Parkinson's disease in Ashkenazi Jews. N Engl J Med 2005; 352:728-31; author reply 728-31. [PMID: 15716572 DOI: 10.1056/nejm200502173520719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 77] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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50
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Abstract
Sphingosines, or sphingoids, are a family of naturally occurring long-chain hydrocarbon derivatives sharing a common 1,3-dihydroxy-2-amino-backbone motif. The majority of sphingolipids, as their derivatives are collectively known, can be found in cell membranes in the form of amphiphilic conjugates, each composed of a polar head group attached to an N-acylated sphingoid, or ceramide. Glycosphingolipids (GSLs), which are the glycosides of either ceramide or myo-inositol-(1-O)-phosphoryl-(O-1)-ceramide, are a structurally and functionally diverse sphingolipid subclass; GSLs are ubiquitously distributed among all eukaryotic species and are found in some bacteria. Since GSLs are secondary metabolites, direct and comprehensive analysis (metabolomics) must be considered an essential complement to genomic and proteomic approaches for establishing the structural repertoire within an organism and deducing its possible functional roles. The glycosphingolipidome clearly comprises an important and extensive subset of both the glycome and the lipidome, but the complexities of GSL structure, biosynthesis, and function form the outlines of a considerable analytical problem, especially since their structural diversity confers by extension an enormous variability with respect to physicochemical properties. This chapter covers selected developments and applications of techniques in mass spectrometric (MS) that have contributed to GSL structural analysis and glycosphingolipidomics since 1990. Sections are included on basic characteristics of ionization and fragmentation of permethylated GSLs and of lithium-adducted nonderivatized GSLs under positive-ion electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and collision-induced mass spectrometry (CID-MS) conditions; on the analysis of sulfatides, mainly using negative-ion techniques; and on selected applications of ESI-MS and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) to emerging GSL structural, functional, and analytical issues. The latter section includes a particular focus on evolving techniques for analysis of gangliosides, GSLs containing sialic acid, as well as on characterizations of GSLs from selected nonmammalian eukaryotes, such as dipterans, nematodes, cestodes, and fungi. Additional sections focus on the issue of whether it is better to leave GSLs intact or remove the ceramide; on development and uses of thin-layer chromatography (TLC) blotting and TLC-MS techniques; and on emerging issues of high-throughput analysis, including the use of flow injection, liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS), and capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry (CE-MS).
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Affiliation(s)
- Steven B Levery
- Department of Chemistry, University of New Hamphsire, Durham, USA
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