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Zhou FY, He D, Miao X, Yang C, Dong JH, Zheng HT, Cheng Z, Liu X, Zhu ZL. Development of an Automatic Column Chromatography Separation Device for Metal Isotope Analysis Based on Droplet Counting. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7196-7203. [PMID: 33966373 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel, simple, cost-effective, reliable, and practical automatic column chromatography separation device capable of simultaneously purifying samples for radiogenic and non-traditional stable isotope analysis has been developed. The device avoids the use of any pump and features eluent driving by the siphon effect (gravity) and quantitative control by infrared droplet counting. Several factors affecting the control of droplets were investigated, including types and concentrations of eluents and the height of the liquid level. Results showed that accurate dripping of the eluent could be readily achieved by controlling the number of droplets under selected conditions. The separation performance of the device was first demonstrated by the elution of Sr and Cd in synthetic matrix solutions. The recoveries of Sr and Cd samples were better than 87.6 and 95.0%, respectively, and the whole procedure blank was about 0.3 ng for Sr and 0.1 ng for Cd. Finally, the reliability of the device was further validated by the purification of Sr and Cd from different geological reference materials (NIST 2711a, Nod-A-1, BCR-2, and BHVO-2). The determined Cd and Sr isotope values agree well with their reference values within the uncertainty range. All these results clearly demonstrate the reliability and practicability of the proposed device, which provides a promising method for the automated purification of isotope samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei-Yang Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Dong He
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xin Miao
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jun-Hang Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hong-Tao Zheng
- Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhuo Cheng
- School of Mechanical Electronic and Electronic Information, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Zhen-Li Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China.,Faculty of Material Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences (Wuhan), Wuhan 430074, China
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2
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Rapid method for sequential determination of Pu and Am in soil and sediment samples by sector-field inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-021-07627-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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3
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Qiao J. Dynamic Flow Approaches for Automated Radiochemical Analysis in Environmental, Nuclear and Medical Applications. Molecules 2020; 25:molecules25061462. [PMID: 32213999 PMCID: PMC7144463 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25061462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2020] [Accepted: 03/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Automated sample processing techniques are desirable in radiochemical analysis for environmental radioactivity monitoring, nuclear emergency preparedness, nuclear waste characterization and management during operation and decommissioning of nuclear facilities, as well as medical isotope production, to achieve fast and cost-effective analysis. Dynamic flow based approaches including flow injection (FI), sequential injection (SI), multi-commuted flow injection (MCFI), multi-syringe flow injection (MSFI), multi-pumping flow system (MPFS), lab-on-valve (LOV) and lab-in-syringe (LIS) techniques have been developed and applied to meet the analytical criteria under different situations. Herein an overall review and discussion on these techniques and methodologies developed for radiochemical separation and measurement of various radionuclides is presented. Different designs of flow systems with combinations of radiochemical separation techniques, such as liquid-liquid extraction (LLE), liquid-liquid microextraction (LLME), solid phase extraction chromatography (SPEC), ion exchange chromatography (IEC), electrochemically modulated separations (EMS), capillary electrophoresis (CE), molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) separation and online sensing and detection systems, are summarized and reviewed systematically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Department of Environmental Engineering, Technical University of Denmark, DTU Risø Campus, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
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4
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Sequential injection analysis system with DGA resin for sample pretreatment in ICP-MS determination of 239Pu in nuclear industry samples. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.104426] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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5
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Application of new covalently-bound diglycolamide sorbent in sequential injection analysis flow system for sample pretreatment in ICP-MS determination of 239Pu at ppt level. Talanta 2019; 205:120099. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.06.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2019] [Revised: 06/26/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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6
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7
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Coma A, Tarancón A, Bagán H, García JF. Automated separation of 99Tc using plastic scintillation resin PSresin and openview automated modular separation system (OPENVIEW-AMSS). J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06659-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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8
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Design and performance of an automated single column sequential extraction chromatographic system. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-019-06642-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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9
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Thakur P, Ward AL. An Overview of Analytical Methods for in Vitro Bioassay of Actinides. HEALTH PHYSICS 2019; 116:694-714. [PMID: 30908319 DOI: 10.1097/hp.0000000000000982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The bioassay of urine and fecal samples has been used since the 1940s to determine an individual's uptake of uranium and actinide elements such as americium and plutonium. Over the years, several analytical separation methods and techniques have been employed for these types of analyses. Analytical separations, ranging from solvent extraction and anion exchange to chromatography, and analytical techniques, ranging from autoradiography to kinetic phosphorescence to fission-track analysis and high-resolution solid-state alpha spectroscopy, have been used at one time or another. Over the last few decades, there have been significant advances in radiochemical separations, as well as an increased use of mass spectroscopy, to determine trace and ultratrace levels of actinides in urine and fecal samples. This review summarizes and discusses developments in radiochemical separation methods and advancements in analytical techniques for actinide bioassay since the early 1940s to the present, followed by a recent development and trend in the bioassay of actinides-particularly in urine and fecal samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Thakur
- Carlsbad Environmental Monitoring and Research Center
| | - A L Ward
- US Department of Energy, Carlsbad Field Office
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10
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Trojanowicz M, Kołacińska K, Grate JW. A review of flow analysis methods for determination of radionuclides in nuclear wastes and nuclear reactor coolants. Talanta 2018; 183:70-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/12/2018] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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11
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Wang Z, Zheng J, Cao L, Tagami K, Uchida S. Method for Ultratrace Level 241Am Determination in Large Soil Samples by Sector Field-Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry: With Emphasis on the Removal of Spectral Interferences and Matrix Effect. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7387-94. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhongtang Wang
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Jian Zheng
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Liguo Cao
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
- School
of Geographic and Oceanographic Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Keiko Tagami
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
| | - Shigeo Uchida
- Biospheric
Assessment for Waste Disposal Team, National Institute of Radiological
Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Science and Technology, 4-9-1 Anagawa, Inage, Chiba 263-8555, Japan
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Rodríguez R, Avivar J, Leal LO, Cerdà V, Ferrer L. Strategies for automating solid-phase extraction and liquid-liquid extraction in radiochemical analysis. Trends Analyt Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2015.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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13
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Automated separation of short-lived 72Ga from fresh fission products based on tandem column chromatography. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-015-4619-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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14
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González P, Knochen M, Sasaki MK, Zagatto EA. Pulsed flows in flow analysis: Potentialities, limitations and applications. Talanta 2015; 143:419-430. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2015.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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15
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Application of flow analysis in determination of selected radionuclides. Talanta 2014; 125:131-45. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2014.02.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2013] [Revised: 02/19/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Americium and plutonium separation by extraction chromatography for determination by accelerator mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2014; 829:75-80. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2014.04.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2014] [Revised: 04/15/2014] [Accepted: 04/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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17
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Shimada A, Kameo Y, Takahashi K. A New Method to Analyze 242mAm in Low-Level Radioactive Waste Based on Extraction Chromatography and β-ray Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2013; 85:7726-31. [DOI: 10.1021/ac400918r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Asako Shimada
- Nuclear
Cycle Backend Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirane, Shirakata, Tokai-mura,
Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Yutaka Kameo
- Nuclear
Cycle Backend Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirane, Shirakata, Tokai-mura,
Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
| | - Kuniaki Takahashi
- Nuclear
Cycle Backend Directorate, Japan Atomic Energy Agency, 2-4 Shirane, Shirakata, Tokai-mura,
Naka-gun, Ibaraki 319-1195, Japan
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Abstract
Flow techniques have undoubtedly aroused special interest in relation to many other automatic methodologies of analysis. Ever since segmented flow analysis (SFA) was developed by Skeggs in 1957, flow techniques have been in continuous evolution toward new develop-ments. There is no solid argument in favor of using any particular flow technique separately; rather, substantial advantages can be derived from their combination. Since flow-based methods are nonseparative tools, the advantages of combining flow techniques with separation techniques are noteworthy. High selectivity can be achieved by coupling them with liquid chromatography (LC), gas chromatography (GC), solid-phase extraction (SPE), or capillary electrophoresis (CE). Thus, a detailed description of flow techniques, their evolution, their hyphenation advantages, and a critical comparison between current developed methods exploiting flow techniques aimed at solving present analytical needs are reviewed in this article.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor Cerdà
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Jessica Avivar
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Amalia Cerdà
- 1Group of Analytical Chemistry, Automation and Environment, Department of Chemistry, University of the Balearic Islands, Carretera de Valldemossa km 7’5, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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19
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Avivar J, Ferrer L, Casas M, Cerdà V. Lab on valve-multisyringe flow injection system (LOV-MSFIA) for fully automated uranium determination in environmental samples. Talanta 2011; 84:1221-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2010.12.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2010] [Revised: 12/07/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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20
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Hartwell SK, Grudpan K. Flow Injection and Related Techniques in Blood Studies for Clinical Screening and Analysis: A Review. ANAL LETT 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2010.500786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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21
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Automation of radiochemical analysis by applying flow techniques to environmental samples. Trends Analyt Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2010.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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22
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Shimada A, Haraga T, Hoshi A, Kameo Y, Nakashima M, Takahashi K. Analysis of Th, U, Pu, and Am in radioactive metal waste using extraction chromatography. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-010-0750-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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23
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Zoriy P, Flucht R, Burow M, Ostapczuk P, Lennartz R, Zoriy M. Development of a relatively cheap and simple automated separation system for a routine separation procedure based on extraction chromatography. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-010-0640-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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24
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Automated determination of uranium(VI) at ultra trace levels exploiting flow techniques and spectrophotometric detection using a liquid waveguide capillary cell. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 397:871-8. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3600-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2010] [Revised: 02/18/2010] [Accepted: 02/19/2010] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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25
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Qiao J, Hou X, Miró M, Roos P. Determination of plutonium isotopes in waters and environmental solids: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2009; 652:66-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.03.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2008] [Revised: 02/26/2009] [Accepted: 03/05/2009] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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26
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Qiao J, Hou X, Roos P, Miró M. Rapid Determination of Plutonium Isotopes in Environmental Samples Using Sequential Injection Extraction Chromatography and Detection by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2009; 81:8185-92. [DOI: 10.1021/ac901395e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jixin Qiao
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Xiaolin Hou
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Per Roos
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
| | - Manuel Miró
- Radiation Research Division, Risø National Laboratory for Sustainable Energy, NUK-202, Technical University of Denmark, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark, and Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of the Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca, Spain
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