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Bazyar H. On the Application of Microfluidic-Based Technologies in Forensics: A Review. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:5856. [PMID: 37447704 PMCID: PMC10346202 DOI: 10.3390/s23135856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2023] [Revised: 06/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/22/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic technology is a powerful tool to enable the rapid, accurate, and on-site analysis of forensically relevant evidence on a crime scene. This review paper provides a summary on the application of this technology in various forensic investigation fields spanning from forensic serology and human identification to discriminating and analyzing diverse classes of drugs and explosives. Each aspect is further explained by providing a short summary on general forensic workflow and investigations for body fluid identification as well as through the analysis of drugs and explosives. Microfluidic technology, including fabrication methodologies, materials, and working modules, are touched upon. Finally, the current shortcomings on the implementation of the microfluidic technology in the forensic field are discussed along with the future perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hanieh Bazyar
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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2
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Versatile and Easily Designable Polyester-Laser Toner Interfaces for Site-Oriented Adsorption of Antibodies. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073771. [PMID: 35409130 PMCID: PMC8998940 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2022] [Revised: 03/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/28/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Laser toners appear as attractive materials for barriers and easily laminated interphases for Lab-on-a-Foil microfluidics, due to the excellent adhesion to paper and various membranes or foils. This work shows for the first time a comprehensive study on the adsorption of antibodies on toner-covered poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET@toner) substrates, together with assessment of such platforms in rapid prototyping of disposable microdevices and microarrays for immunodiagnostics. In the framework of presented research, the surface properties and antibody binding capacity of PET substrates with varying levels of toner coverage (0–100%) were characterized in detail. It was proven that polystyrene-acrylate copolymer-based toner offers higher antibody adsorption efficiency compared with unmodified polystyrene and PET as well as faster adsorption kinetics. Comparative studies of the influence of pH on the effectiveness of antibodies immobilization as well as measurements of surface ζ-potential of PET, toner, and polystyrene confirmed the dominant role of hydrophobic interactions in adsorption mechanism. The applicability of PET@toner substrates as removable masks for protection of foil against permanent hydrophilization was also shown. It opens up the possibility of precise tuning of wettability and antibody binding capacity. Therefore, PET@toner foils are presented as useful platforms in the construction of immunoarrays or components of microfluidic systems.
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3
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Cunha ML, da Silva SS, Stracke MC, Zanette DL, Aoki MN, Blanes L. Sample Preparation for Lab-on-a-Chip Systems in Molecular Diagnosis: A Review. Anal Chem 2021; 94:41-58. [PMID: 34870427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Rapid and low-cost molecular analysis is especially required for early and specific diagnostics, quick decision-making, and sparing patients from unnecessary tests and hospitals from extra costs. One way to achieve this objective is through automated molecular diagnostic devices. Thus, sample-to-answer microfluidic devices are emerging with the promise of delivering a complete molecular diagnosis system that includes nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection steps in a single device. The biggest issue in such equipment is the extraction process, which is normally laborious and time-consuming but extremely important for sensitive and specific detection. Therefore, this Review focuses on automated or semiautomated extraction methodologies used in lab-on-a-chip devices. More than 15 different extraction methods developed over the past 10 years have been analyzed in terms of their advantages and disadvantages to improve extraction procedures in future studies. Herein, we are able to explain the high applicability of the extraction methodologies due to the large variety of samples in which different techniques were employed, showing that their applications are not limited to medical diagnosis. Moreover, we are able to conclude that further research in the field would be beneficial because the methodologies presented can be affordable, portable, time efficient, and easily manipulated, all of which are strong qualities for point-of-care technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mylena Lemes Cunha
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Stella Schuster da Silva
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Mateus Cassaboni Stracke
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010.,Paraná Institute of Molecular Biology, Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Dalila Luciola Zanette
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Mateus Nóbrega Aoki
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
| | - Lucas Blanes
- Laboratory for Applied Science and Technology in Health, Carlos Chagas Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (Fiocruz), Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010.,Paraná Institute of Molecular Biology, Professor Algacyr Munhoz Mader 3775 St., Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil 81350-010
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4
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Dignan LM, Woolf MS, Tomley CJ, Nauman AQ, Landers JP. Multiplexed Centrifugal Microfluidic System for Dynamic Solid-Phase Purification of Polynucleic Acids Direct from Buccal Swabs. Anal Chem 2021; 93:7300-7309. [PMID: 33955733 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c00842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
This report describes the development of a centrifugally controlled microfluidic dynamic solid-phase extraction (dSPE) platform to reliably obtain amplification-ready nucleic acids (NAs) directly from buccal swab cuttings. To our knowledge, this work represents the first centrifugal microdevice for comprehensive preparation of high-purity NAs from raw buccal swab samples. Direct-from-swab cellular lysis was integrated upstream of NA extraction, and automatable laser-controlled on-board microvalving strategies provided the strict spatiotemporal fluidic control required for practical point-of-need use. Solid-phase manipulation during extraction leveraged the application of a bidirectional rotating magnetic field to promote thorough interaction with the sample (e.g., NA capture). We illustrate the broad utility of this technology by establishing downstream compatibility of extracted nucleic acids with three noteworthy assays, namely, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR), reverse transcriptase PCR (RT-qPCR), and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). The PCR-readiness of the extracted DNA was confirmed by generating short tandem repeat (STR) profiles following multiplexed amplification. With no changes to assay workflow, viral RNA was successfully extracted from contrived (spiked) SARS-CoV-2 swab samples, confirmed by RT-qPCR. Finally, we demonstrate the compatibility of the extracted DNA with LAMP-a technique well suited for point-of-need genetic analysis due to minimal hardware requirements and compatibility with colorimetric readout. We describe an automatable, portable microfluidic platform for the nucleic acid preparation device that could permit practical, in situ use by nontechnical personnel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leah M Dignan
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - M Shane Woolf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Christopher J Tomley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
| | - Aeren Q Nauman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States.,TeGrex Technologies, Charlottesville, Virginia 22903, United States
| | - James P Landers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904, United States
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5
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Abstract
Reducing the risk of (cross-)contamination, improving the chain of custody, providing fast analysis times and options of direct analysis at crime scenes: these requirements within forensic DNA analysis can be met upon using microfluidic devices. To become generally applied in forensics, the most important requirements for microfluidic devices are: analysis time, method of DNA detection and biocompatibility of used materials. In this work an overview is provided about biosensing of DNA, by DNA profiling via standard short tandem repeat (STR) analysis or by next generation sequencing. The material of which a forensic microfluidic device is made is crucial: it should for example not inhibit DNA amplification and its thermal conductivity and optical transparency should be suitable for achieving fast analysis. The characteristics of three materials frequently used materials, i.e., glass, silicon and PDMS, are given, in addition to a promising alternative, viz. cyclic olefin copolymer (COC). New experimental findings are presented about the biocompatibility of COC and the use of COC chips for multiple displacement amplification and real-time monitoring of DNA amplification.
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6
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Park J, Han DH, Hwang SH, Park JK. Reciprocating flow-assisted nucleic acid purification using a finger-actuated microfluidic device. LAB ON A CHIP 2020; 20:3346-3353. [PMID: 32626862 DOI: 10.1039/d0lc00432d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Molecular diagnostics can provide a powerful diagnostic tool since it can detect pathogens with high sensitivity, but complicated sample preparation procedures limit its widespread use as an on-site detection tool that relies on the skilled person and external equipment. To resolve these limitations, we report a solid-phase nucleic acid purification using a finger-actuated microfluidic device, which can control a set amount of flow regardless of differences in end-users. To increase the recovery rate, a finger-actuated reciprocator was newly developed and integrated into the microfluidic device that can efficiently react with silica microbeads and reagents. After verifying the finger-actuated microfluidic reciprocator, the effect of the reciprocating flow on the recovery rate was assessed to purify the standard DNA of the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The recovery rate was increased up to ∼50% and 955 to 955 000 IU mL-1 of HBV standard DNA was successfully purified and detected by a real-time polymerase chain reaction. Furthermore, the proposed microfluidic device was exploited to purify the HBV DNA from the patient's blood plasma samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juhwan Park
- Department of Bio and Brain Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), 291 Daehak-ro, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34141, Republic of Korea.
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7
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Moreira NS, Chagas CL, Oliveira KA, Duarte-Junior GF, de Souza FR, Santhiago M, Garcia CD, Kubota LT, Coltro WK. Fabrication of microwell plates and microfluidic devices in polyester films using a cutting printer. Anal Chim Acta 2020; 1119:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2020.04.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 03/25/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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8
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Ou X, Chen P, Huang X, Li S, Liu B. Microfluidic chip electrophoresis for biochemical analysis. J Sep Sci 2019; 43:258-270. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201900758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2019] [Revised: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 10/21/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaowen Ou
- Hubei Key Laboratory of Purification and Application of Plant Anti‐Cancer Active IngredientsCollege of Chemistry and Life ScienceHubei University of Education Wuhan P. R. China
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Peng Chen
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Xizhi Huang
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Shunji Li
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
| | - Bi‐Feng Liu
- The Key Laboratory for Biomedical Photonics of MOE at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics‐Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key LaboratorySystems Biology ThemeDepartment of Biomedical EngineeringCollege of Life Science and TechnologyHuazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan P. R. China
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9
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Cyclic Olefin Copolymer Microfluidic Devices for Forensic Applications. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2019; 9:bios9030085. [PMID: 31277382 PMCID: PMC6784357 DOI: 10.3390/bios9030085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices offer important benefits for forensic applications, in particular for fast tests at a crime scene. A large portion of forensic applications require microfluidic chip material to show compatibility with biochemical reactions (such as amplification reactions), and to have high transparency in the visible region and high chemical resistance. Also, preferably, manufacturing should be simple. The characteristic properties of cyclic olefin copolymer (COC) fulfills these requirements and offers new opportunities for the development of new forensic tests. In this work, the versatility of COC as material for lab-on-a-chip (LOC) systems in forensic applications has been explored by realizing two proof-of-principle devices. Chemical resistance and optical transparency were investigated for the development of an on-chip presumptive color test to indicate the presence of an illicit substance through applying absorption spectroscopy. Furthermore, the compatibility of COC with a DNA amplification reaction was verified by performing an on-chip multiple displacement amplification (MDA) reaction.
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10
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Meyer S, Clarke C, dos Santos RO, Bishop D, Krieger MA, Blanes L. Developing self-generated calibration curves using a capillary-driven wax-polyester lab on a chip device and thermal gates. Microchem J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2019.01.062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Loo JFC, Ho AHP, Turner APF, Mak WC. Integrated Printed Microfluidic Biosensors. Trends Biotechnol 2019; 37:1104-1120. [PMID: 30992149 DOI: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2019.03.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Integrated printed microfluidic biosensors are one of the most recent point-of-care (POC) sensor developments. Fast turnaround time for production and ease of customization, enabled by the integration of recognition elements and transducers, are key for on-site biosensing for both healthcare and industry and for speeding up translation to real-life applications. Here, we provide an overview of recent progress in printed microfluidics, from the 2D to the 4D level, accompanied by novel sensing element integration. We also explore the latest trends in integrated printed microfluidics for healthcare, especially POC diagnostics, and food safety applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacky F C Loo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | - Aaron H P Ho
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region
| | | | - Wing Cheung Mak
- Biosensors and Bioelectronics Centre, Department of Physics, Chemistry and Biology (IFM), Linköping University, 58183, Linköping, Sweden.
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12
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Wu X, Xie Y, Qiao J, Chai S, Chen L. Rhizobacteria Strain from a Hypersaline Environment Promotes Plant Growth of Kengyilia thoroldiana. Microbiology (Reading) 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026261719020127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
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13
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Fujisaki S, Shibata H, Yamada K, Suzuki K, Citterio D. Printed low-cost microfluidic analytical devices based on a transparent substrate. Analyst 2019; 144:2746-2754. [PMID: 30869086 DOI: 10.1039/c8an02304b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
This work describes the development of a microfluidic analytical device prepared on a transparent OHP film substrate, named the microfluidic transparent film-based analytical device (μTFAD). Printing technologies including wax printing for microchannel patterning and inkjet printing for chemical assay component deposition have been employed for the μTFAD fabrication. The fully printed μTFAD allowed gravity-assisted pump-free transportation of the sample liquid (50 μL) and an absorbance measurement-based iron ion (Fe2+) assay using nitroso-PSAP as the colorimetric reagent within a wax-patterned microfluidic structure. By measuring absorbance values at the Fe2+-nitroso-PSAP complex-specific wavelength (756 nm), a response curve with a linear range of 0-200 μM was obtained. The limit of detection (1.18 μM) obtained with the proposed μTFADs was comparable to the results achieved with a conventional 96-well microplate assay (0.92 μM) and lower than that in the case of digital colour analysis-assisted filter paper spot tests (7.71 μM) or the absorbance analysis of refractive index-matched translucent filter paper spots (37.2 μM). In addition, highly selective Fe2+ detection has been achieved in the presence of potentially interfering metal ions (Cu2+, Co2+, Ni2+) without the use of any masking reagents, owing to the selection of the target complex-specific wavelength in the absorbance measurement on μTFADs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shogo Fujisaki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Keio University, 3-14-1 Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama 223-8522, Japan.
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14
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Ouyang W, Li Z, Han J. Pressure-Modulated Selective Electrokinetic Trapping for Direct Enrichment, Purification, and Detection of Nucleic Acids in Human Serum. Anal Chem 2018; 90:11366-11375. [PMID: 30157631 PMCID: PMC6785752 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b02330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Micro total-analysis systems (μTAS) have been extensively developed for the detection of nucleic acids (NAs) in resource-limited settings in recent years, yet the sample-preparation steps that interface real-world samples with on-chip analytics remain as the technical bottleneck. We report pressure-modulated selective electrokinetic trapping (PM-SET) for the direct enrichment, purification, and detection of NAs in human serum in one step without involving tedious solid-phase extraction, chemical amplification, and surface-hybridization-based assays. Under appropriately modulated hydrostatic pressures, NAs in human serum were selectively enriched in an electrokinetic concentrator with the majority of background proteins removed, achieving an enrichment factor of >4800 in 15 min. A sequence-specific NA was detected simultaneously during the enrichment process using a complementary morpholino (MO) probe, realizing a limit of detection of 3 pM in 15 min. PM-SET greatly reduces the cost, time, and complexity of sample preparation for NA detection and could be easily interfaced with existing NA-detection devices to achieve true sample-to-answer biomolecular analytics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ouyang
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
| | - Zirui Li
- Institute of Laser and Optoelectronic Intelligent Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , PR China
| | - Jongyoon Han
- Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Research Laboratory of Electronics , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
- Institute of Laser and Optoelectronic Intelligent Manufacturing, College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering , Wenzhou University , Wenzhou 325035 , PR China
- Department of Biological Engineering , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , Massachusetts 02139 , United States
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15
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Kim CJ, Park J, Sunkara V, Kim TH, Lee Y, Lee K, Kim MH, Cho YK. Fully automated, on-site isolation of cfDNA from whole blood for cancer therapy monitoring. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:1320-1329. [PMID: 29658031 DOI: 10.1039/c8lc00165k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
The potential utility of circulating tumour DNA (ctDNA) in patient blood for cancer diagnostics and real-time monitoring of disease progression is highly recognized. However, the lack of automated and efficient methods for cell-free DNA (cfDNA) isolation from peripheral blood has remained a challenge for broader acceptance of liquid biopsy in general clinical settings. Here, we demonstrate a lab-on-a-disc system equipped with newly developed, electromagnetically actuated, and reversible diaphragm valves that allows fully automated and rapid (<30 min) isolation of cfDNA from whole blood (>3 ml) to achieve high detection sensitivity by minimizing the degradation of fragile ctDNA as well as contamination of wild-type DNA from abundant blood cells. As a proof of concept study, we used the lab-on-a-disc to isolate cfDNA from patients with non-small cell lung cancer and successfully detected epidermal growth factor receptor gene mutations (L858R, T790M) during targeted drug therapy. The proposed lab-on-a-disc enables a fully automated, rapid, and point-of-care cfDNA enrichment starting from whole blood to facilitate the wide use of liquid biopsy in routine clinical practice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi-Ju Kim
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Sciences, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan 44919, Republic of Korea.
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16
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Review: Microfluidics technologies for blood-based cancer liquid biopsies. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1012:10-29. [PMID: 29475470 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2017] [Revised: 12/29/2017] [Accepted: 12/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Blood-based liquid biopsies provide a minimally invasive alternative to identify cellular and molecular signatures that can be used as biomarkers to detect early-stage cancer, predict disease progression, longitudinally monitor response to chemotherapeutic drugs, and provide personalized treatment options. Specific targets in blood that can be used for detailed molecular analysis to develop highly specific and sensitive biomarkers include circulating tumor cells (CTCs), exosomes shed from tumor cells, cell-free circulating tumor DNA (cfDNA), and circulating RNA. Given the low abundance of CTCs and other tumor-derived products in blood, clinical evaluation of liquid biopsies is extremely challenging. Microfluidics technologies for cellular and molecular separations have great potential to either outperform conventional methods or enable completely new approaches for efficient separation of targets from complex samples like blood. In this article, we provide a comprehensive overview of blood-based targets that can be used for analysis of cancer, review microfluidic technologies that are currently used for isolation of CTCs, tumor derived exosomes, cfDNA, and circulating RNA, and provide a detailed discussion regarding potential opportunities for microfluidics-based approaches in cancer diagnostics.
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17
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Gu L, Yu G, Li CW. A fast and low-cost microfabrication approach for six types of thermoplastic substrates with reduced feature size and minimized bulges using sacrificial layer assisted laser engraving. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 997:24-34. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2017.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2017] [Revised: 10/18/2017] [Accepted: 10/23/2017] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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18
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de Oliveira KG, Borba JC, Bailão AM, de Almeida Soares CM, Carrilho E, Duarte GRM. Loop-mediated isothermal amplification in disposable polyester-toner microdevices. Anal Biochem 2017; 534:70-77. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2017.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2017] [Revised: 07/07/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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19
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Urbaczek AC, Leão PAGC, Souza FZRD, Afonso A, Vieira Alberice J, Cappelini LTD, Carlos IZ, Carrilho E. Endothelial Cell Culture Under Perfusion On A Polyester-Toner Microfluidic Device. Sci Rep 2017; 7:10466. [PMID: 28874818 PMCID: PMC5585355 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-11043-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Accepted: 08/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
This study presents an inexpensive and easy way to produce a microfluidic device that mimics a blood vessel, serving as a start point for cell culture under perfusion, cardiovascular research, and toxicological studies. Endpoint assays (i.e., MTT reduction and NO assays) were used and revealed that the components making up the microchip, which is made of polyester and toner (PT), did not induce cell death or nitric oxide (NO) production. Applying oxygen plasma and fibronectin improved the adhesion and proliferation endothelial cell along the microchannel. As expected, these treatments showed an increase in vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF-A) concentration profiles, which is correlated with adherence and cell proliferation, thus promoting endothelialization of the device for neovascularization. Regardless the simplicity of the device, our “vein-on-a-chip” mimetic has a potential to serve as a powerful tool for those that demand a rapid microfabrication method in cell biology or organ-on-a-chip research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Carolina Urbaczek
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Augusto Gomes Carneiro Leão
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Fayene Zeferino Ribeiro de Souza
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Ana Afonso
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,GHTM - Global Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, IHMT, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, UNL, Lisboa, Portugal.,Laboratório de Parasitologia, Departamento de Morfologia e Patologia, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, UFSCar, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
| | - Juliana Vieira Alberice
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Luciana Teresa Dias Cappelini
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil.,Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Unifesp, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Iracilda Zeppone Carlos
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas, FCFar, Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Araraquara, SP, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, IQSC, Universidade de São Paulo, USP, São Carlos, SP, Brazil. .,Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, INCTBio, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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Sher M, Zhuang R, Demirci U, Asghar W. Paper-based analytical devices for clinical diagnosis: recent advances in the fabrication techniques and sensing mechanisms. Expert Rev Mol Diagn 2017; 17:351-366. [PMID: 28103450 PMCID: PMC5529145 DOI: 10.1080/14737159.2017.1285228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 134] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION There is a significant interest in developing inexpensive portable biosensing platforms for various applications including disease diagnostics, environmental monitoring, food safety, and water testing at the point-of-care (POC) settings. Current diagnostic assays available in the developed world require sophisticated laboratory infrastructure and expensive reagents. Hence, they are not suitable for resource-constrained settings with limited financial resources, basic health infrastructure, and few trained technicians. Cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based analytical devices have demonstrated enormous potential for developing robust, inexpensive and portable devices for disease diagnostics. These devices offer promising solutions to disease management in resource-constrained settings where the vast majority of the population cannot afford expensive and highly sophisticated treatment options. Areas covered: In this review, the authors describe currently developed cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based microfluidic devices, device fabrication techniques, and sensing technologies that are integrated with these devices. The authors also discuss the limitations and challenges associated with these devices and their potential in clinical settings. Expert commentary: In recent years, cellulose and flexible transparency paper-based microfluidic devices have demonstrated the potential to become future healthcare options despite a few limitations such as low sensitivity and reproducibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mazhar Sher
- Computer Engineering & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Lab, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
- Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology for Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Rachel Zhuang
- Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology for Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Utkan Demirci
- The Bio-Acoustic MEMS in Medicine (BAMM) Laboratory, Canary Center at Stanford for Cancer Early Detection, Department of Radiology, Stanford School of Medicine, Palo Alto, CA, USA
- Department of Electrical Engineering (by courtesy), Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
| | - Waseem Asghar
- Computer Engineering & Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Lab, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
- Asghar-Lab, Micro and Nanotechnology for Medicine, College of Engineering and Computer Science, Boca Raton, FL, USA
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
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21
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Jackson K, Borba J, Meija M, Mills D, Haverstick D, Olson K, Aranda R, Garner G, Carrilho E, Landers J. DNA purification using dynamic solid-phase extraction on a rotationally-driven polyethylene-terephthalate microdevice. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 937:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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22
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Morbioli GG, Mazzu-Nascimento T, Aquino A, Cervantes C, Carrilho E. Recombinant drugs-on-a-chip: The usage of capillary electrophoresis and trends in miniaturized systems – A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 935:44-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.06.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 06/07/2016] [Accepted: 06/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Microfluidic Devices for Forensic DNA Analysis: A Review. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2016; 6:bios6030041. [PMID: 27527231 PMCID: PMC5039660 DOI: 10.3390/bios6030041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2016] [Revised: 07/07/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Microfluidic devices may offer various advantages for forensic DNA analysis, such as reduced risk of contamination, shorter analysis time and direct application at the crime scene. Microfluidic chip technology has already proven to be functional and effective within medical applications, such as for point-of-care use. In the forensic field, one may expect microfluidic technology to become particularly relevant for the analysis of biological traces containing human DNA. This would require a number of consecutive steps, including sample work up, DNA amplification and detection, as well as secure storage of the sample. This article provides an extensive overview of microfluidic devices for cell lysis, DNA extraction and purification, DNA amplification and detection and analysis techniques for DNA. Topics to be discussed are polymerase chain reaction (PCR) on-chip, digital PCR (dPCR), isothermal amplification on-chip, chip materials, integrated devices and commercially available techniques. A critical overview of the opportunities and challenges of the use of chips is discussed, and developments made in forensic DNA analysis over the past 10–20 years with microfluidic systems are described. Areas in which further research is needed are indicated in a future outlook.
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The μSCAPE System: 3-Dimensional Profiling of Microfluidic Architectural Features Using a Flatbed Scanner. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22246. [PMID: 26924294 PMCID: PMC4770298 DOI: 10.1038/srep22246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2015] [Accepted: 02/10/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
We developed a microfluidic scanner-based profile exploration system, μSCAPE, capable of generating high resolution 3D profiles of microstructure architecture in a variety of transparent substrates. The profile is obtained by scanning the dye-filled microstructure followed by absorbance calculation and the reconstruction of the optical length at each point. The power of the method was demonstrated in (1) the inspection of the variation of the cross-section of laser-ablated PDMS channel; (2) the volume of PeT chamber; and (3) the population distribution of the volumes of the micro wells in HF-etched glass and laser-ablated PDMS. The reported methods features low equipment-cost, convenient operation and large field of view (FOV), and has revealed unreported quality parameters of the tested microstructures.
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Yamaguchi A, Matsuda K, Uehara M, Honda T, Saito Y. A novel automated device for rapid nucleic acid extraction utilizing a zigzag motion of magnetic silica beads. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 906:1-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/17/2015] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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26
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Ouyang Y, Li J, Phaneuf C, Riehl PS, Forest C, Begley M, Haverstick DM, Landers JP. Multilevel fluidic flow control in a rotationally-driven polyester film microdevice created using laser print, cut and laminate. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:377-87. [PMID: 26675027 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01332a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper presents a simple and cost-effective polyester toner microchip fabricated with laser print and cut lithography (PCL) to use with a battery-powered centrifugal platform for fluid handling. The combination of the PCL microfluidic disc and centrifugal platform: (1) allows parallel aliquoting of two different reagents of four different volumes ranging from nL to μL with an accuracy comparable to a piston-driven air pipette; (2) incorporates a reciprocating mixing unit driven by a surface-tension pump for further dilution of reagents, and (3) is amenable to larger scale integration of assay multiplexing (including all valves and mixers) without substantially increasing fabrication cost and time. For a proof of principle, a 10 min colorimetric assay for the quantitation of the protein level in the human blood plasma samples is demonstrated on chip with a limit of detection of ∼5 mg mL(-1) and coefficient of variance of ∼7%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Jingyi Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Christopher Phaneuf
- Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363, USA
| | - Paul S Riehl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
| | - Craig Forest
- Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 315 Ferst Drive, Atlanta, GA 30332-0363, USA
| | - Matthew Begley
- Department of Mechanical Engineering & Materials Department, University of California Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA
| | - Doris M Haverstick
- Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
| | - James P Landers
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA. and Department of Pathology, University of Virginia Health Science Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA
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Thompson BL, Birch C, Li J, DuVall JA, Le Roux D, Nelson DA, Tsuei AC, Mills DL, Krauss ST, Root BE, Landers JP. Microfluidic enzymatic DNA extraction on a hybrid polyester-toner-PMMA device. Analyst 2016; 141:4667-75. [DOI: 10.1039/c6an00209a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A polyester-toner-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) hybrid microdevice, which centrifugally introduces EA1 enzyme to a buccal swab for rapid DNA extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jingyi Li
- Departments of Chemistry
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | | | - Delphine Le Roux
- Departments of Chemistry
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | - Daniel A. Nelson
- Departments of Chemistry
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | - An-Chi Tsuei
- Departments of Chemistry
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | | | | | - Brian E. Root
- Applied Research Institute
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
| | - James P. Landers
- Departments of Chemistry
- University of Virginia
- Charlottesville
- USA
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering
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Ouyang Y, Duarte GR, Poe BL, Riehl PS, dos Santos FM, Martin-Didonet CC, Carrilho E, Landers JP. A disposable laser print-cut-laminate polyester microchip for multiplexed PCR via infra-red-mediated thermal control. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 901:59-67. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.09.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2015] [Revised: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Microfluidic toner-based analytical devices: disposable, lightweight, and portable platforms for point-of-care diagnostics with colorimetric detection. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1256:85-98. [PMID: 25626533 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-2172-0_6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
This chapter describes the development of microfluidic toner-based analytical devices (μTADs) to perform clinical diagnostics using a scanner or cell-phone camera. μTADs have been produced in a platform composed of polyester and toner by the direct-printing technology (DPT) in a matter of minutes. This technology offers simplicity and versatility, and it does not require any sophisticated instrumentation. Toner-based devices integrate the current generation of disposable analytical devices along paper-based chips. The cost of one μTAD has been estimated to be lower than $0.10. In addition, these platforms are lightweight and portable thus enabling their use for point-of-care applications. In the last 5 years, great efforts have been dedicated to spread out the use of μTADs in bioassays. The current chapter reports the fabrication of printed microplates and integrated microfluidic toner-based devices for dengue diagnostics and rapid colorimetric assays with clinically relevant analytes including cholesterol, triglycerides, total proteins, and glucose. The use of μTADs associated with cell-phone camera may contribute to the health care, in special, to people housed in developing regions or with limited access to clinics and hospitals.
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Inexpensive, rapid prototyping of microfluidic devices using overhead transparencies and a laser print, cut and laminate fabrication method. Nat Protoc 2015; 10:875-86. [DOI: 10.1038/nprot.2015.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Czilwik G, Schwarz I, Keller M, Wadle S, Zehnle S, von Stetten F, Mark D, Zengerle R, Paust N. Microfluidic vapor-diffusion barrier for pressure reduction in fully closed PCR modules. LAB ON A CHIP 2015; 15:1084-1091. [PMID: 25524461 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc01115e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic systems for polymerase chain reaction (PCR) should be fully closed to avoid vapor loss and to exclude the risk of contaminating the laboratory environment. In closed systems however, the high temperatures of up to 95 °C associated with PCR cause high overpressures up to 100 kPa, dominated by the increase of vapor partial pressure upon evaporation. Such high overpressures pose challenges to the mechanical stability of microfluidic chips as well as to the liquid handling in integrated sample-to-answer systems. In this work, we drastically reduce the pressure increase in fully closed PCR systems by integrating a microchannel that serves as a vapor-diffusion barrier (VDB), separating the liquid-filled PCR chamber from an auxiliary air chamber. In such configurations, propagation of vapor from the PCR chamber into the auxiliary air chamber and as a consequence the increase of pressure is limited by the slow diffusion process of vapor through the VDB. At temperature increase from 23 °C to 95 °C, we demonstrate the reduction of overpressure from more than 80 kPa without the VDB to only 35 kPa with the VDB. We further demonstrate proper function of VDB and its easy integration with downstream processes for PCR based nucleic acid amplification within centrifugal microfluidics. Without integration of the VDB, malfunction due to pressure-induced delamination of the microfluidic chip occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- G Czilwik
- HSG-IMIT - Institut für Mikro- und Informationstechnik, Georges-Koehler-Allee 103, 79110 Freiburg, Germany.
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Centrifugal LabTube platform for fully automated DNA purification and LAMP amplification based on an integrated, low-cost heating system. Biomed Microdevices 2014; 16:375-85. [PMID: 24562605 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-014-9841-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
This paper introduces a disposable battery-driven heating system for loop-mediated isothermal DNA amplification (LAMP) inside a centrifugally-driven DNA purification platform (LabTube). We demonstrate LabTube-based fully automated DNA purification of as low as 100 cell-equivalents of verotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC) in water, milk and apple juice in a laboratory centrifuge, followed by integrated and automated LAMP amplification with a reduction of hands-on time from 45 to 1 min. The heating system consists of two parallel SMD thick film resistors and a NTC as heating and temperature sensing elements. They are driven by a 3 V battery and controlled by a microcontroller. The LAMP reagents are stored in the elution chamber and the amplification starts immediately after the eluate is purged into the chamber. The LabTube, including a microcontroller-based heating system, demonstrates contamination-free and automated sample-to-answer nucleic acid testing within a laboratory centrifuge. The heating system can be easily parallelized within one LabTube and it is deployable for a variety of heating and electrical applications.
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34
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Reinholt SJ, Baeumner AJ. Microfluidic Isolation of Nucleic Acids. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2014; 53:13988-4001. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201309580] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2013] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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35
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Gan W, Zhuang B, Zhang P, Han J, Li CX, Liu P. A filter paper-based microdevice for low-cost, rapid, and automated DNA extraction and amplification from diverse sample types. LAB ON A CHIP 2014; 14:3719-28. [PMID: 25070548 DOI: 10.1039/c4lc00686k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
A plastic microfluidic device that integrates a filter disc as a DNA capture phase was successfully developed for low-cost, rapid and automated DNA extraction and PCR amplification from various raw samples. The microdevice was constructed by sandwiching a piece of Fusion 5 filter, as well as a PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) membrane, between two PMMA (poly(methyl methacrylate)) layers. An automated DNA extraction from 1 μL of human whole blood can be finished on the chip in 7 minutes by sequentially aspirating NaOH, HCl, and water through the filter. The filter disc containing extracted DNA was then taken out directly for PCR. On-chip DNA purification from 0.25-1 μL of human whole blood yielded 8.1-21.8 ng of DNA, higher than those obtained using QIAamp® DNA Micro kits. To realize DNA extraction from raw samples, an additional sample loading chamber containing a filter net with an 80 μm mesh size was designed in front of the extraction chamber to accommodate sample materials. Real-world samples, including whole blood, dried blood stains on Whatman® 903 paper, dried blood stains on FTA™ cards, buccal swabs, saliva, and cigarette butts, can all be processed in the system in 8 minutes. In addition, multiplex amplification of 15 STR (short tandem repeat) loci and Sanger-based DNA sequencing of the 520 bp GJB2 gene were accomplished from the filters that contained extracted DNA from blood. To further prove the feasibility of integrating this extraction method with downstream analyses, "in situ" PCR amplifications were successfully performed in the DNA extraction chamber following DNA purification from blood and blood stains without DNA elution. Using a modified protocol to bond the PDMS and PMMA, our plastic PDMS devices withstood the PCR process without any leakage. This study represents a significant step towards the practical application of on-chip DNA extraction methods, as well as the development of fully integrated genetic analytical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wupeng Gan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, 100084, China.
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36
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Tomazelli Coltro WK, Cheng CM, Carrilho E, de Jesus DP. Recent advances in low-cost microfluidic platforms for diagnostic applications. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2309-24. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201400006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 111] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2014] [Revised: 03/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/15/2014] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro
- Instituto de Química; Universidade Federal de Goiás; Goiânia-GO Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica; Campinas-SP Brazil
| | - Chao-Min Cheng
- Institute of Nanoengineering and Microsystems; National Tsing Hua University; Hsinchu Taiwan
| | - Emanuel Carrilho
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica; Campinas-SP Brazil
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos; Universidade de São Paulo; São Carlos-SP Brazil
| | - Dosil Pereira de Jesus
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica; Campinas-SP Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry; University of Campinas; UNICAMP; Campinas-SP Brazil
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37
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Khodakov DA, Ellis AV. Recent developments in nucleic acid identification using solid-phase enzymatic assays. Mikrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-014-1167-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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38
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Yu MH, Huang YC, Chang PL. Rapid screening of the heterogeneity of DNA methylation by single-strand conformation polymorphism and CE-LIF in the presence of electro-osmotic flow. Electrophoresis 2014; 35:2378-85. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2013] [Revised: 12/14/2013] [Accepted: 12/16/2013] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Hsuan Yu
- Department of Chemistry; Tunghai University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Ya-Chi Huang
- Department of Chemistry; Tunghai University; Taichung Taiwan
| | - Po-Ling Chang
- Department of Chemistry; Tunghai University; Taichung Taiwan
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39
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Vitale A, Quaglio M, Turri S, Cocuzza M, Bongiovanni R. Siloxane photopolymer to replace polydimethylsiloxane in microfluidic devices for polymerase chain reaction. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2013. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.3189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Vitale
- Department of Applied Science and Technology; Politecnico di Torino; 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Marzia Quaglio
- Center for Space Human Robotics@PoliTo; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; 10129 Torino Italy
| | - Stefano Turri
- Department of Chemistry, Materials, and Chemical Engineering; Politecnico di Milano; 20133 Milano Italy
| | - Matteo Cocuzza
- Department of Applied Science and Technology; Politecnico di Torino; 10129 Torino Italy
- Center for Space Human Robotics@PoliTo; Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia; 10129 Torino Italy
- CNR-IMEM; 43124 Parma Italy
| | - Roberta Bongiovanni
- Department of Applied Science and Technology; Politecnico di Torino; 10129 Torino Italy
- Consorzio Interuniversitario Nazionale per la Scienza e Tecnologia dei Materiali; 50121 Firenze Italy
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40
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Gabriel EFM, do Lago CL, Gobbi ÂL, Carrilho E, Coltro WKT. Characterization of microchip electrophoresis devices fabricated by direct-printing process with colored toner. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2169-76. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201300024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2013] [Revised: 03/04/2013] [Accepted: 04/02/2013] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Ângelo L. Gobbi
- Laboratório de Microfabricação; Laboratório Nacional de Nanotecnologia; Campinas, SP; Brazil
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41
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da Silva ER, Segato TP, Coltro WKT, Lima RS, Carrilho E, Mazo LH. Determination of glyphosate and AMPA on polyester-toner electrophoresis microchip with contactless conductivity detection. Electrophoresis 2013; 34:2107-11. [PMID: 23595638 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2012] [Revised: 03/10/2013] [Accepted: 03/12/2013] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
This paper reports a method for rapid, simple, direct, and reproducible determination of glyphosate and its major metabolite aminomethylphosphonic acid (AMPA). The platform described herein uses polyester-toner microchips incorporating capacitively coupled contactless conductivity detection and electrophoresis separation of the analytes. The polyester-toner microchip presented 150 μm-wide and 12 μm-deep microchannels, with injection and separation lengths of 10 and 40 mm long, respectively. The best results were obtained with 320 kHz frequency, 4.5 Vpp excitation voltage, 80 mmol/L CHES/Tris buffer at pH 8.8, injection in -1.0 kV for 7 s, and separation in -1.5 kV. RSD values related to the peak areas for glyphosate and AMPA were 1.5 and 3.3% and 10.1 and 8.6% for intra- and interchip assays, respectively. The detection limits were 45.1 and 70.5 μmol/L, respectively, without any attempt of preconcentration of the analytes. Finally, the method was applied to river water samples in which glyphosate and AMPA (1.0 mmol/L each) were added. The recovery results were 87.4 and 83.7% for glyphosate and AMPA, respectively. The recovery percentages and LOD values obtained here were similar to others reported in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo R da Silva
- Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, São Carlos, SP, Brazil
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42
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Lounsbury JA, Landers JP. Ultrafast amplification of DNA on plastic microdevices for forensic short tandem repeat analysis. J Forensic Sci 2013; 58:866-74. [PMID: 23692541 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.12162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2012] [Revised: 05/29/2012] [Accepted: 06/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The majority of microfluidic devices used as a platform for low-cost, rapid DNA analysis are glass devices; however, microchip fabrication in glass is costly and laborious, enhancing the interest in polymeric substrates, such as poly (methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), as an inexpensive alternative. Here, we report amplification in PMMA polymerase chain reaction (PCR) microchips providing full short tandem repeat profiles (16 of 16 loci) in 30-40 min, with peak height ratios and stutter percentages that meet literature threshold requirements. In addition, partial profiles (15 of 16 loci) were generated using an ultrafast PCR method in 17.1 min, representing a ~10-fold reduction in reaction time as compared to current amplification methods. Finally, a multichamber device was demonstrated to simultaneously amplify one positive, one negative, and five individual samples in 39 min. Although there were instances of loci dropout, this device represents a first step toward a microfluidic system capable of amplifying more than one sample simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenny A Lounsbury
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, 409 McCormick Road, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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Ouyang Y, Wang S, Li J, Riehl PS, Begley M, Landers JP. Rapid patterning of 'tunable' hydrophobic valves on disposable microchips by laser printer lithography. LAB ON A CHIP 2013; 13:1762-1771. [PMID: 23478812 DOI: 10.1039/c3lc41275j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
We recently defined a method for fabricating multilayer microdevices using poly(ethylene terephthalate) transparency film and printer toner, and showed these could be successfully applied to DNA extraction and amplification (Duarte et al., Anal. Chem. 2011, 83, 5182-5189). Here, we advance the functionality of these microdevices with flow control enabled by hydrophobic valves patterned using laser printer lithography. Laser printer patterning of toner within the microchannel induces a dramatic change in surface hydrophobicity (change in contact angle of DI water from 51° to 111°) with good reproducibility. Moreover, the hydrophobicity of the surface can be controlled by altering the density of the patterned toner via varying the gray-scale setting on the laser printer, which consequently tunes the valve's burst pressure. Toner density provided a larger burst pressure bandwidth (158 ± 18 Pa to 573 ± 16 Pa) than could be achieved by varying channel geometry (492 ± 18 Pa to 573 ± 16 Pa). Finally, we used a series of tuned toner valves (with varied gray-scale) for passive valve-based fluidic transfer in a predictable manner through the architecture of a rotating PeT microdevice. While an elementary demonstration, this presents the possibility for simplistic and cost-effective microdevices with valved fluid flow control to be fabricated using nothing more than a laser printer, a laser cutter and a laminator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiwen Ouyang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA
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Kim YT, Choi JY, Chen Y, Seo TS. Integrated slidable and valveless polymerase chain reaction–capillary electrophoresis microdevice for pathogen detection. RSC Adv 2013. [DOI: 10.1039/c3ra41402g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Oliveira KA, Rodrigues de Oliveira C, Antonelli da Silveira L, Tomazelli Coltro WK. Laser-printing of toner-based 96-microzone plates for immunoassays. Analyst 2013; 138:1114-21. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an36532d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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de Souza FR, Alves GL, Coltro WKT. Capillary-Driven Toner-Based Microfluidic Devices for Clinical Diagnostics with Colorimetric Detection. Anal Chem 2012; 84:9002-7. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302506k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Fabrício Ribeiro de Souza
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia,
P.O. Box 131, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Guilherme Liberato Alves
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia,
P.O. Box 131, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
| | - Wendell Karlos Tomazelli Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Campus Samambaia,
P.O. Box 131, 74001-970, Goiânia, GO, Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
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Polyester-toner electrophoresis microchips with improved analytical performance and extended lifetime. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2660-7. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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Mora MF, Stockton AM, Willis PA. Microchip capillary electrophoresis instrumentation for in situ analysis in the search for extraterrestrial life. Electrophoresis 2012; 33:2624-38. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201200102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Hwang KY, Kwon SH, Jung SO, Namkoong K, Jung WJ, Kim JH, Suh KY, Huh N. Solid phase DNA extraction with a flexible bead-packed microfluidic device to detect methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in nasal swabs. Anal Chem 2012; 84:7912-8. [PMID: 22908991 DOI: 10.1021/ac3016533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
We have developed a bead-packed microfluidic device with a built-in flexible wall to automate extraction of nucleic acids from methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in nasal swabs. The flexible polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) membrane was designed to manipulate the surface-to-volume ratio (SVR) of bead-packed chambers in the range of 0.05 to 0.15 (μm(-1)) for a typical solid phase extraction protocol composed of binding, washing, and eluting. In particular, the pneumatically assisted close packing of beads led to an invariant SVR (0.15 μm(-1)) even with different bead amounts (10-16 mg), which allowed for consistent operation of the device and improved capture efficiency for bacteria cells. Furthermore, vigorous mixing by asynchronous membrane vibration enabled ca. 90% DNA recovery with ca. 10 μL of liquid solution from the captured cells on the bead surfaces. The full processes to detect MRSA in nasal swabs, i.e., nasal swab collection, prefiltration, on-chip DNA extraction, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification, were successfully constructed and carried out to validate the capability to detect MRSA in nasal swab samples. This flexible microdevice provided an excellent analytical PCR detection sensitivity of ca. 61 CFU/swab with 95% confidence interval, which turned out to be higher than or similar to that of the commercial DNA-based MRSA detection techniques. This excellent performance would be attributed to the capability of the flexible bead-packed microdevice to enrich the analyte from a large initial sample (e.g., 1 mL) into a microscale volume of eluate (e.g., 10 μL). The proposed microdevice will find many applications as a solid phase extraction method toward various sample-to-answer systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyu-Youn Hwang
- In-Vitro Diagnostics Lab, Samsung Advanced Institute of Technology, Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Republic of Korea
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A polymer microfluidic chip for quantitative detection of multiple water- and foodborne pathogens using real-time fluorogenic loop-mediated isothermal amplification. Biomed Microdevices 2012; 14:769-78. [DOI: 10.1007/s10544-012-9658-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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