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Farnsworth AJ, Averett SC, Asplund MC, Patterson JE. Temporal Profile of Nonresonant Sum-Frequency Signal from Single-Crystal Silicon Depends on Crystal Orientation. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 77:239-245. [PMID: 36357316 DOI: 10.1177/00037028221141729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Proper analysis of vibrational sum-frequency generation (VSFG) spectra requires that the nonresonant contribution be dealt with correctly. This work shows that the temporal profile of the nonresonant SFG response varies with crystal facing and sample orientation for single-crystal Si and is significantly different than what is observed with polycrystalline Au. These considerations will affect the use of time-delay methods to experimentally suppress the nonresonant signal in broadband SFG measurements. Time-resolved or phase-sensitive SFG measurements will also need to properly account for these effects in post-processing.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shawn C Averett
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 6756Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - Matthew C Asplund
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 6756Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
| | - James E Patterson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, 6756Brigham Young University, Provo, UT, USA
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Guo W, Zhu Z, Liu X, Ning Q, Song Q, Wang Y, He Y, Wang Z. Time-dependent band position difference between vibrational sum and difference frequency generation: a phenomenon originating from dispersion in the visible pulse. OPTICS EXPRESS 2023; 31:8325-8334. [PMID: 36859947 DOI: 10.1364/oe.481760] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Vibrational spectroscopy is significant for identifying chemical specification. Here, the spectral band frequencies corresponding to the same molecular vibration in sum frequency generation (SFG) and difference frequency generation (DFG) spectra present delay-dependent deviation. Through numerical analysis of time resolved SFG and DFG spectra with a frequency marker in the incident IR pulse, the frequency ambiguity was not caused by any structure and dynamic variation on the surface, but from the dispersion in the incident visible pulse. Our results provide a helpful method to correct the vibrational frequency deviation and improve the assignment accuracy for SFG and DFG spectroscopies.
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Li B, Ma Y, Han X, Hu P, Lu X. Enhanced Sum Frequency Generation for Monolayers on Au Relative to Silica: Local Field Factors and SPR Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:659-667. [PMID: 36580605 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.2c03016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Using metals as signal magnified substrates, surface plasmon-enhanced sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy is a promising technique to probe weak molecular-level signals at surfaces and interfaces. In this study, the vibrational signals of the n-alkane monolayer on the gold (Au) and silica substrates are investigated using the broadband femtosecond SFG. The enhancement factors are discovered to be up to ∼1076 and ∼31 for the methyl symmetric and asymmetric stretching (ss and as) modes of the monolayer, respectively. By systematically analyzing the second-order nonlinear susceptibility tensor components (χijks), the Fresnel coefficients (Fijks), and the surface plasmon resonance (SPR) effect, we find that the interplay between Fijk and χijk terms and the SPR effect dominate the SFG signal enhancement. Our study reveals that the relative contributions of different influencing factors (i.e., Fresnel coefficients and SPR) to the SFG signal enhancement provide an approach to interpreting enhanced SFG vibrational signals detected from probe molecules on distinct substrates and may finally guide the design of the experimental methodology to improve the detection sensitivity and signal-to-noise ratio.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bolin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Condensed Matter Physics at Extreme Conditions, High Magnetic Field Laboratory (HMFL), Hefei Institutes of Physical Science (HFIPS), Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui230031, P. R. China
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Yonghao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Xiaofeng Han
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
| | - Pengcheng Hu
- School of Medical Imaging, Xuzhou Medical College, Xuzhou, Jiangsu221004, China
| | - Xiaolin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing210096, China
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Wang H, Hu XH, Wang HF. Temporal and Chirp Effects of Laser Pulses on the Spectral Lineshape in Sum-Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2022; 156:204706. [DOI: 10.1063/5.0088506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Assignment and interpretation of the sum-frequency generation vibrational spectra (SFG-VS) depend on the ability to measure and understand the factors affecting the SFG-VS spectral lineshape accurately and reliably. In the past, the formulation of the polarization selection rules for SFG-VS and the development of the sub-wavenumber high-resolution broadband SFG-VS (HR-BB-SFG-VS) have provided solutions for many of these needs. However, despite these advantages, HR-BB-SFG-VS has not been widely adopted. The majority of SFG measurements so far still relies on the picosecond scanning SFG-VS (ps-SFG-VS) or the conventional broadband SFG-VS (BB-SFG-VS) with the spectral resolution around (mostly above) 10 cm-1, which also results in less ideal spectral lineshape in the SFG spectra due to the temporal and chirp effects of the laser pulses used in experiment. In this report, the temporal and the chirp effects of laser pulses with different profiles in the SFG experiment on the measured SFG-VS spectral lineshape are examined through spectral simulation. In addition, the experimental data of a classical model system, i.e., OTS (octadecyltrichlorosilane) monolayer on glass, obtained from the ps-SFG-VS, the BB-SFG-VS, and the HR-BB-SFG-VS measurements, are directly compared and examined. These results show that temporal and chirp effects are often significant in the conventional BB-SFG-VS, resulting lineshape distortions and peak position shifts besides spectral broadening. Such temporal and chirp effects are less significant in the ps scanning SFG-VS. For the HR-BB-SFG-VS, spectral broadening, and temporal and chirp effects are insignificant, making HR-BB-SFG-VS the choice for accurate and reliable measurement and analysis of SFG-VS spectra.
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Hosseinpour S, Roeters SJ, Bonn M, Peukert W, Woutersen S, Weidner T. Structure and Dynamics of Interfacial Peptides and Proteins from Vibrational Sum-Frequency Generation Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2020; 120:3420-3465. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Saman Hosseinpour
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Mischa Bonn
- Molecular Spectroscopy Department, Max Planck Institute for Polymer Research, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Peukert
- Institute of Particle Technology (LFG), Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Sander Woutersen
- Van’t Hoff Institute for Molecular Sciences, University of Amsterdam, 1098 EP Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Tobias Weidner
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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He Y, Zhang Y, Ren H, Wang J, Guo W, Sun SG, Wang Z. Abnormal spectral bands in broadband sum frequency generation induced by bulk absorption and refraction. OPTICS EXPRESS 2019; 27:28564-28574. [PMID: 31684606 DOI: 10.1364/oe.27.028564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/07/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, the time-resolved broadband sum frequency generation (BB-SFG) spectra from a bare Au surface with a distorted infrared (introduced with a 10 µm polyethylene film in the IR light path) and principal component generalized projection (PCGP) algorithm were used to investigate the bulk distortion on the measured BB-SFG spectra. Besides the SFG intensity reduction from the bulk absorption, the frequency dependent refraction of the bulk layer led to misleading SFG features at the positive delay times beyond the Au dephasing time. These results suggest that SFG spectroscopy is not entirely 'bulk-free' for the buried interfaces because of the bulk absorption and refraction of the incident pulses.
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Zhang C. Sum Frequency Generation Vibrational Spectroscopy for Characterization of Buried Polymer Interfaces. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2017; 71:1717-1749. [PMID: 28537432 DOI: 10.1177/0003702817708321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Sum frequency generation vibrational spectroscopy (SFG-VS) has become one of the most appealing technologies to characterize molecular structures at interfaces. In this focal point review, we focus on SFG-VS studies at buried polymer interfaces and review many of the recent publications in the field. We also cover the essential theoretical background of SFG-VS and discuss the experimental implementation of SFG-VS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA
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Sun S, Liang R, Xu X, Zhu H, Shen YR, Tian C. Phase reference in phase-sensitive sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy. J Chem Phys 2016; 144:244711. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4954824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shumei Sun
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Rongda Liang
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Xiaofan Xu
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Heyuan Zhu
- Department of Optical Science and Engineering, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Y. Ron Shen
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Department of Physics, University of California, Berkeley, California 94720, USA
| | - Chuanshan Tian
- Department of Physics, State Key Laboratory of Surface Physics, and Key Laboratory of Micro- and Nano-Photonic Structures (MOE), Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Advanced Microstructures, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
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O’Brien DB, Massari AM. Experimental evidence for an optical interference model for vibrational sum frequency generation on multilayer organic thin film systems. II. Consideration for higher order terms. J Chem Phys 2015; 142:024704. [DOI: 10.1063/1.4904926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B. O’Brien
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
| | - Aaron M. Massari
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota—Twin Cities, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Zhang C, Myers JN, Chen Z. Molecular behavior at buried epoxy/poly(ethylene terephthalate) interface. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2014; 30:12541-12550. [PMID: 25263030 DOI: 10.1021/la502239u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Epoxies are widely used as main components in packaging underfills for microelectronics. Their strong adhesion to different substrate materials is an important factor for the functioning of electronic devices. Amines are commonly used cross-linking agents for epoxides. However, the molecular mechanisms of epoxide-amine mixture adhesion to substrate materials remain unclear. In this research we investigated the adhesion mechanism of epoxide-amine mixtures at poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) interfaces using attenuated total-internal reflection Fourier transform infrared (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy and sum frequency generation (SFG) vibrational spectroscopy. Results show that both epoxide and amine could diffuse into the PET film. They could also dissolve or modify the PET film at the interphase region. In the process of epoxy curing on PET, epoxide molecules could cross-link with the modified PET film, providing strong adhesion. This hypothesis was further confirmed by adding reactive and nonreactive silanes to the epoxies and measuring the adhesion strengths of such mixtures to PET. The reactive silanes could cross-link with the system, showing good adhesion, while the nonreactive silane prevented sufficient cross-linking, showing poor adhesion. This research developed an in-depth insight for molecular behaviors at the epoxy/PET interface which helped clarify the related adhesion mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Michigan , 930 North University Avenue, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, United States
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Roy S, Covert PA, FitzGerald WR, Hore DK. Biomolecular Structure at Solid–Liquid Interfaces As Revealed by Nonlinear Optical Spectroscopy. Chem Rev 2014; 114:8388-415. [DOI: 10.1021/cr400418b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 93] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sandra Roy
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - Paul A. Covert
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - William R. FitzGerald
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6 Canada
| | - Dennis K. Hore
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Victoria, Victoria, British Columbia, V8W 3V6 Canada
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Lindsey RK, Rafferty JL, Eggimann BL, Siepmann JI, Schure MR. Molecular simulation studies of reversed-phase liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2013; 1287:60-82. [PMID: 23489490 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2013.02.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2013] [Revised: 02/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/11/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Over the past 20 years, molecular simulation methods have been applied to the modeling of reversed-phase liquid chromatography (RPLC). The purpose of these simulations was to provide a molecular-level understanding of: (i) the structure and dynamics of the bonded phase and its interface with the mobile phase, (ii) the interactions of analytes with the bonded phase, and (iii) the retention mechanism for different analytes. However, the investigation of chromatographic systems poses significant challenges for simulations with respect to the accuracy of the molecular mechanics force fields and the efficiency of the sampling algorithms. This review discusses a number of aspects concerning molecular simulation studies of RPLC systems including the historical development of the subject, the background needed to understand the two prevalent techniques, molecular dynamics (MD) and Monte Carlo (MC) methods, and the wealth of insight provided by these simulations. Examples from the literature employing MD approaches and from the authors' laboratory using MC methods are discussed. The former can provide information on chain dynamics and transport properties, whereas the latter techniques are uniquely suited for the investigation of phase and sorption equilibria that underly RPLC retention, and both can be used to elucidate the bonded-chain conformations and solvent distributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rebecca K Lindsey
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Theory Center, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0431, USA
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Barth C, Jakubczyk D, Kubas A, Anastassacos F, Brenner-Weiss G, Fink K, Schepers U, Bräse S, Koelsch P. Interkingdom signaling: integration, conformation, and orientation of N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones in supported lipid bilayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:8456-62. [PMID: 22568488 PMCID: PMC3388113 DOI: 10.1021/la301241s] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
N-Acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHLs) are small cell-to-cell signaling molecules involved in the regulation of population density and local gene expression in microbial communities. Recent evidence shows that contact of this signaling system, usually referred to as quorum sensing, to living eukaryotes results in interactions of AHL with host cells in a process termed "interkingdom signaling". So far details of this process and the binding site of the AHLs remain unknown; both an intracellular and a membrane-bound receptor seem possible, the first of which requires passage through the cell membrane. Here, we used sum-frequency-generation (SFG) spectroscopy to investigate the integration, conformation, orientation, and translocation of deuterated N-acyl-L-homoserine lactones (AHL-d(n)) with varying chain length (8, 12, and 14 C atoms) in lipid bilayers consisting of a 1:1 mixture of POPC:POPG supported on SiO(2) substrates (prepared by vesicle fusion). We found that all AHL-d(n) derivatives are well-ordered within the supported lipid bilayer (SLB) in a preferentially all-trans conformation of the deuterated alkyl chain and integrated into the upper leaflet of the SLB with the methyl terminal groups pointing downward. For the bilayer system described above, no flip-flop of AHL-d(n) from the upper leaflet to the lower one could be observed. Spectral assignments and interpretations were further supported by Fourier transform infrared and Raman spectroscopy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christoph Barth
- Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Dorota Jakubczyk
- Institute for Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Adam Kubas
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Frances Anastassacos
- Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Gerald Brenner-Weiss
- Institute for Functional Interfaces, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Karin Fink
- Institute of Nanotechnology, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Ute Schepers
- Institute for Toxicology and Genetics, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Stefan Bräse
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Postfach 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
| | - Patrick Koelsch
- National ESCA and Surface Analysis Center for Biomedical Problems, Department of Bioengineering, University of Washington, Box 35170, Seattle, WA 98195-1750
- Corresponding author.
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