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Nekoubin N, Hardt S, Sadeghi A. Improved ionic current rectification utilizing cylindrical nanochannels coated with polyelectrolyte layers of non-uniform thickness. SOFT MATTER 2024; 20:3641-3652. [PMID: 38623003 DOI: 10.1039/d4sm00123k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/17/2024]
Abstract
Conical nanochannels employed to create ionic current rectification (ICR) in nanofluidic devices are prone to clogging due to the contraction at one end. As an alternative approach for creating ICR, a cylindrical nanochannel covered with a polyelectrolyte layer (PEL) of variable thickness is proposed in the present study. The efficacy of the proposed design is studied by numerically solving the governing equations including the Poisson, Nernst-Planck, and Stokes-Brinkman equations. Furthermore, the fundamental mechanism behind ICR is explained using a simplified one-dimensional model. The effects of the nanochannel radius, concentration of PEL fixed charges, and bulk ionic concentration on the rectification factor are then investigated in detail. It is shown that the proposed nanochannel provides larger rectification factors as compared to conical nanochannels over wide ranges of the fixed charge concentration and bulk ionic concentration. Such a performance can be achieved even at channel radii much larger than the tip radius of conical nanochannels, indicating not only the better performance of the proposed nanochannel but also its likely longer service life, because of reducing the probability of total ionic current blockage. This means that the proposed nanochannel could find widespread use in fluidic devices, as a replacement for conical nanofluidic diodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nader Nekoubin
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, Tehran 15875-4413, Iran
| | - Steffen Hardt
- Institute for Nano- and Microfluidics, TU Darmstadt, 64287 Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Arman Sadeghi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Kurdistan, Sanandaj 66177-15175, Iran.
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2
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Hou J, Zhao C, Zhang H. Bio-Inspired Subnanofluidics: Advanced Fabrication and Functionalization. SMALL METHODS 2024; 8:e2300278. [PMID: 37203269 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202300278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Biological ion channels can realize high-speed and high-selective ion transport through the protein filter with the sub-1-nanometer channel. Inspired by biological ion channels, various kinds of artificial subnanopores, subnanochannels, and subnanoslits with improved ion selectivity and permeability are recently developed for efficient separation, energy conversion, and biosensing. This review article discusses the advanced fabrication and functionalization methods for constructing subnanofluidic pores, channels, tubes, and slits, which have shown great potential for various applications. Novel fabrication methods for producing subnanofluidics, including top-down techniques such as electron beam etching, ion irradiation, and electrochemical etching, as well as bottom-up approaches starting from advanced microporous frameworks, microporous polymers, lipid bilayer embedded subnanochannels, and stacked 2D materials are well summarized. Meanwhile, the functionalization methods of subnanochannels are discussed based on the introduction of functional groups, which are classified into direct synthesis, covalent bond modifications, and functional molecule fillings. These methods have enabled the construction of subnanochannels with precise control of structure, size, and functionality. The current progress, challenges, and future directions in the field of subnanofluidic are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jue Hou
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Chen Zhao
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
| | - Huacheng Zhang
- Chemical and Environmental Engineering, School of Engineering, RMIT University, Melbourne, Victoria, 3000, Australia
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3
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Zhang R, Zeng Q, Liu X, Wang L. Ion transport based structural description for in situ synthesized SBA-15 nanochannels in a sub-micropipette. NANOSCALE 2023; 15:14564-14573. [PMID: 37609921 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr01784b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Construction of nanoporous arrays can greatly facilitate their development in the fields of sensing, energy conversion, and nanofluidic devices. It is important to characterize the structure and understand the ion transport behaviour of a nanoporous array, especially those prepared by in situ synthesis, which are difficult to be characterized by conventional methods. Herein, an inorganic and non-crystalline mesoporous silica SBA-15 is selected as a template, where a combination (GP-SBA-15) of a sub-micropipette and SBA-15 is constructed by in situ synthesis, and the multichannel array structure of GP-SBA-15 is illustrated by its ion transport properties from current-voltage responses. Experiments of linear scan voltammetry and chronoamperometry show a rapid accumulation and slow redistribution of ions in the surface-charged nanochannels, and the high/low currents originate from the accumulation/depletion of ions in the channels. The finite element simulation is introduced to calculate the effects of surface charge and pore size on ion rectification and ion concentration distribution. In addition, the short straight channels and long bending channels present in GP-SBA-15 are demonstrated by the voltage-independent resistance pulse signals in the translocation of BSA. This study shows that electrochemical means effectively provide insight into ion transport, achieve structural description and reveal the sensing potential of GP-SBA-15.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
| | - Xuye Liu
- Shantou Institute for Inspection, Shantou 515000, China
| | - Lishi Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.
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4
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Zhang S, Song L, Liu B, Zhao YD, Chen W. Poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate based hydrogel filled micropore with enhanced sensing capability. Anal Chim Acta 2023; 1251:341000. [PMID: 36925308 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341000] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023]
Abstract
Ionic current rectification (ICR) phenomena conventionally occurs in nanopores which dimensions are comparable to the thickness of their electrical double layers. However, the microscale ICR in a micropore can also exist under some conditions. Here, the charged hydrogel filled conical micropore was constructed to realize microscale ICR. To better understand the micropore ICR, the influences of space charge density of the hydrogel, micropore geometry, the hydrogel filling length as well as the electrolyte concentration and pH were investigated. Furthermore, we developed a PEGDA-based hydrogel filled micropore sensing platform which sensing performance was enhanced due to the weakly charged PEGDA. The promyelocytic leukemia (PML)/retinoic acid receptor alpha (RARA) fusion genes and adenosine triphosphate (ATP) were respectively used as model analytes and the measured detection limits of 0.1 pM were achieved. The successful realization of microscale ICR in a homogenous and functional hydrogel filled micropore suggests that the fabrication, characterization and operation of ICR based devices can be more robust and facilitated for the wider applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shujie Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Laibo Song
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Bo Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Yuan-Di Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China
| | - Wei Chen
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, Hubei, PR China.
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5
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Santana Santos C, Jaato BN, Sanjuán I, Schuhmann W, Andronescu C. Operando Scanning Electrochemical Probe Microscopy during Electrocatalysis. Chem Rev 2023; 123:4972-5019. [PMID: 36972701 PMCID: PMC10168669 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.2c00766] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/29/2023]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical probe microscopy (SEPM) techniques can disclose the local electrochemical reactivity of interfaces in single-entity and sub-entity studies. Operando SEPM measurements consist of using a SEPM tip to investigate the performance of electrocatalysts, while the reactivity of the interface is simultaneously modulated. This powerful combination can correlate electrochemical activity with changes in surface properties, e.g., topography and structure, as well as provide insight into reaction mechanisms. The focus of this review is to reveal the recent progress in local SEPM measurements of the catalytic activity of a surface toward the reduction and evolution of O2 and H2 and electrochemical conversion of CO2. The capabilities of SEPMs are showcased, and the possibility of coupling other techniques to SEPMs is presented. Emphasis is given to scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM), electrochemical scanning tunneling microscopy (EC-STM), and scanning electrochemical cell microscopy (SECCM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla Santana Santos
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Bright Nsolebna Jaato
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Ignacio Sanjuán
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
| | - Wolfgang Schuhmann
- Analytical Chemistry - Center for Electrochemical Sciences (CES), Faculty of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstr. 150, D-44780 Bochum, Germany
| | - Corina Andronescu
- Technical Chemistry III, Center for Nanointegration Duisburg-Essen (CENIDE), University of Duisburg-Essen Carl-Benz-Straße 199, 47057 Duisburg, Germany
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6
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Zheng X, Liu J, Li M, Hua Y, Liang X, Zhang S, Zhang X, Shao Y. Dual-Nanopipettes for the Detection of Single Nanoparticles and Small Molecules. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17431-17438. [PMID: 36495265 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Nanopore sensing is blooming due to its label-free and high sensitivity features. As a novel nanopore, a droplet is formed at the orifice of a dual-nanopipette, which allows for the translocation of analytes through the two channels at a relatively low speed and the promotion of signal-to-noise ratio. However, nanopore sensing based on the principle of current blockage requires the pore size to be comparable to that of the single entity, which poses a huge challenge for the direct detection of small molecules. In this work, gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) modified with sulfhydryl poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG-SH) or aptamers were detected successfully. The size difference of Au NPs and the interaction between Au NPs and dual-nanopipettes could be distinguished sensitively. Furthermore, Au NPs modified with designed aptamers will produce different blocking current after capturing the corresponding small molecules (e.g., dopamine and serotonin). Even non-electroactive ions, such as potassium ions, can also be detected, which is difficult to sense based on redox reactions, and further illustrates that the change of surface properties of nanoparticles is responsible for the detection. This work expands the application of nanopipette sensing for Au NPs and provides a universal platform for the small-molecule detection, which has the potential application in biosensing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinhe Zheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Junjie Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yutong Hua
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xu Liang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianhao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanhua Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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7
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Karimzadeh M, Khatibi M, Ashrafizadeh SN, Mondal PK. Blue energy generation by the temperature-dependent properties in funnel-shaped soft nanochannels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2022; 24:20303-20317. [PMID: 35979759 DOI: 10.1039/d2cp01015a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Salinity energy generation (SEG) studies have only been done under isothermal conditions at ambient temperature. The production of salinity energy can be improved under non-isothermal conditions, albeit preserving the energy efficiency. In the current study, the effects of gradients of temperature and concentration on the salinity energy generation process were examined simultaneously. Based on the temperature-dependent properties resulting from both temperature and concentration gradients, a numerical study was carried out to determine the maximum efficiency of salinity energy generation in funnel-shaped soft nanochannels. It was presumed that a dense layer of negative charge, called a polyelectrolyte layer (PEL), is coated on the walls of the nanochannels. Co-current and counter-current modes were used to obtain temperature and concentration gradients. Under steady-state conditions, the Poisson-Nernst-Planck, Stokes-Brinkman, and energy equations were numerically solved using equivalent approaches. The results revealed that by increasing the temperature and concentration ratios in both co-current and counter-current modes of operation, the salinity energy generation increased appreciably. The salinity energy generation increased from 30 to 80 pW upon increasing the temperature ratio from 1 to 8 at a constant concentration ratio of 1000 in counter-current mode. As verified from this analysis, low-grade heat sources (<100 °C) provide considerable energy conversion in PEL grafted nanofluidic confinement when placed between electrolyte solutions of different temperatures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Karimzadeh
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Mahdi Khatibi
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Seyed Nezameddin Ashrafizadeh
- Research Lab for Advanced Separation Processes, Department of Chemical Engineering, Iran University of Science and Technology, Narmak, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
| | - Pranab Kumar Mondal
- Microfluidics and Microscale Transport Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Assam 781039, India.
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8
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Duleba D, Dutta P, Denuga S, Johnson RP. Effect of Electrolyte Concentration and Pore Size on Ion Current Rectification Inversion. ACS MEASUREMENT SCIENCE AU 2022; 2:271-277. [PMID: 35726254 PMCID: PMC9204821 DOI: 10.1021/acsmeasuresciau.1c00062] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2021] [Revised: 02/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
A thorough understanding of nanoscale transport properties is vital for the development and optimization of nanopore sensors. The thickness of the electrical double layers (EDLs) at the internal walls of a nanopore, as well as the dimensions of the nanopore itself, plays a crucial role in determining transport properties. Herein, we demonstrate the effect of the electrolyte concentration, which is inversely proportional to the EDL thickness, and the effect of pore size, which controls the extent of the electrical double layer overlap, on the ion current rectification phenomenon observed for conical nanopores. Experimental and numerical results showed that as the electrolyte concentration is decreased, the rectification ratio reaches a maximum, then decreases, and eventually inverts below unity. We also show that as the pore size is decreased, the rectification maximum and the inversion take place at higher electrolyte concentrations. Numerical investigations revealed that both phenomena occur due to the shifting of ion enrichment distributions within the nanopore as the electrolyte concentration or the pore size is varied.
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9
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Gouda M, Tadda MA, Zhao Y, Farmanullah F, Chu B, Li X, He Y. Microalgae Bioactive Carbohydrates as a Novel Sustainable and Eco-Friendly Source of Prebiotics: Emerging Health Functionality and Recent Technologies for Extraction and Detection. Front Nutr 2022; 9:806692. [PMID: 35387198 PMCID: PMC8979111 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.806692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
There is a global interest in the novel consumption, nutritional trends, and the market of new prebiotic sources and their potential functional impacts. Commercially available nutritional supplements based on microalgae that are approved to be edible by FDA, like Arthrospira platensis (Cyanobacteria) and Chlorella vulgaris (Chlorophyta) become widely attractive. Microalgae are rich in carbohydrates, proteins, and polyunsaturated fatty acids that have high bioactivity. Recently, scientists are studying the microalgae polysaccharides (PS) or their derivatives (as dietary fibers) for their potential action as a novel prebiotic source for functional foods. Besides, the microalgae prebiotic polysaccharides are used for medication due to their antioxidant, anticancer, and antihypertensive bioactivities. This review provides an overview of microalgae prebiotics and other macromolecules’ health benefits. The phytochemistry of various species as alternative future sources of novel polysaccharides were mentioned. The application as well as the production constraints and multidisciplinary approaches for evaluating microalgae phytochemistry were discussed. Additionally, the association between this potential of combining techniques like spectroscopic, chromatographic, and electrochemical analyses for microalgae sensation and analysis novelty compared to the chemical methods was emphasized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mostafa Gouda
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Nutrition and Food Science, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- *Correspondence: Mostafa Gouda,
| | - Musa A. Tadda
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Department of Agricultural and Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Bayero University, Kano, Nigeria
| | - Yinglei Zhao
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Agricultural Equipment, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, China
| | - F. Farmanullah
- Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, National Center for Livestock Breeding Genetics and Genomics LUAWMS, Uthal, Pakistan
| | - Bingquan Chu
- School of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China
| | - Xiaoli Li
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mostafa Gouda,
| | - Yong He
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Mostafa Gouda,
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10
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Lu J, Jiang Y, Xiong T, Yu P, Jiang W, Mao L. Light-Regulated Nanofluidic Ionic Diodes with Heterogeneous Channels Stemming from Asymmetric Growth of Metal-Organic Frameworks. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4328-4334. [PMID: 35245019 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Nanofluidic ionic diodes have attracted much attention, because of the unique property of asymmetric ion transport and promising applications in molecular sensing and biosensing. However, it remains a challenge to fabricate diode-like nanofluidic system with molecular-size pores. Herein, we report a new and facile approach to construct nanofluidic ionic diode by in situ asymmetric growth of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) in nanochannels. We implement microwave-assisted strategy to obtain asymmetric distribution of MOFs in porous anodic aluminum oxide with barrier layer on one side. After etching the barrier layer and modifying with positively charged molecules, the nanofluidic device possesses asymmetric geometry and surface charge, performing the ionic current rectification (ICR) behavior in different electrolyte concentrations. Moreover, the ICR ratio is readily regulated with visible light illumination mainly due to the enhancement of surface charge of MOFs, which is further confirmed by finite element simulation. This study provides a reliable way to build the nanofluidic platform for investigating the asymmetric ion transport through the molecular-size pores, which is envisaged to be important for molecular sensing based on ICR with molecular-size pores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China.,College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Tianyi Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), Beijing 100190, China
| | - Wei Jiang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Shao Y, He P, Yu Z, Liang X, Shao Y. Modulation of ionic current behaviors based on a dual-channel micro/nano-pipette with ternary-form-charged model. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2022.116089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Tang YJ, Zhang SJ, Zhong ZT, Su WM, Zhao YD. Controllable ion transport induced by pH gradient in a thermally crosslinked submicrochannel heterogeneous membrane. Analyst 2021; 146:6815-6821. [PMID: 34643194 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01522b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Solid-state nanochannels have attracted considerable attention for their similar ion transport properties to biological ion channels. The construction of porous ion channels with good stability at the submicro/micrometer scale is very beneficial to develop large-area ion channel devices. In this manuscript, based on in-situ thermal crosslinking of a small organic molecule containing triphenylamine and styrene groups, we construct a heterogeneous membrane with asymmetrical charge and wettability on cylindrical anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) channels (D ≈ 319 nm). This heterogeneous membrane has typical ion current rectification characteristics with a high rectification ratio of 36.9 and good stability. This work provides an effective strategy for the construction of submicrochannel heterogeneous membranes and also broadens the application range of bionic ion channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Ju Tang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Department of Public Fundamental Courses, West Yunnan University of Applied Sciences, Dali 671000, Yunnan, P. R. China
| | - Shu-Jie Zhang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Zi-Tao Zhong
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China.
| | - Wen-Ming Su
- Printable Electronics Research Center, Suzhou Institute of Nano-Technology and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou 215123, Jiangsu, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Di Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics - Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China. .,Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics (HUST), Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
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13
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Cao M, Wang H, Tang H, Zhao D, Li Y. Enzyme-Encapsulated Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks Formed Inside the Single Glass Nanopore: Catalytic Performance and Sensing Application. Anal Chem 2021; 93:12257-12264. [PMID: 34459201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can improve the stability and activity of enzymes under the MOF encapsulation. However, it remains a challenge to explore the effects of the MOF environment on enzymatic activity in a confined space. In this work, we immobilized the enzyme inside a glass nanopore to study the catalytic activity and stability of the enzyme in the MOF environment. Horseradish peroxidase (HRP) is encapsulated in zeolitic imidazolate framework-90 (ZIF-90) and zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8), which are used as the catalytic platforms. The HRP can catalyze 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid)diammonium salt (ABTS) molecules to generate ABTS+ ions, and the change of the transmembrane ion current will be monitored in real time. As the concentration of H2O2 increases, the amount of produced ABTS+ will increase; thus, the ionic current increases. The effects of the MOF structure on enzyme activity and stability are also investigated. The HRP encapsulated in the MOF and modified inside the nanopore provides a novel and unlabeled design for studying enzymatic catalysis in a confined environment, which should have extensive applications in chemical-/bio-sensing, electrocatalysis, and fundamental electrochemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengya Cao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Dandan Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
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14
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Wu YY, Chen LD, Cai XH, Zhao Y, Chen M, Pan XH, Li YQ. Smart pH-Modulated Two-Way Photoswitch Based on a Polymer-Modified Single Nanochannel. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:25241-25249. [PMID: 34018390 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c01975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we have demonstrated a smart pH-modulated two-way photoswitch that can reversibly switch ion transport under alternating light exposure over a wide pH range. This photoswitch was prepared by functionalizing the interior of a single conical glass nanochannel with a poly-spiropyran-linked methacrylate (P-SPMA) polymer through surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization. The P-SPMA polymer brushes comprise functional groups that are responsive to light and pH, which can cause configuration and charge changes to affect the properties of the nanochannel wall. The SPMA polymer-modified nanochannel not only reversibly controlled ion transport under alternating light irradiation but also efficiently and flexibly regulated the direction and extent of the ion transport based on the pH. This two-way photoswitch exhibits the considerable potential of photoresponsive polymers for the advancement of "intelligent" bionic nanochannel devices for ion screening and optical sensing in various applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan-Yi Wu
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Li-Dong Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xiu-Hong Cai
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yan Zhao
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Xiao-Hui Pan
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
| | - Yao-Qun Li
- Department of Chemistry and the MOE Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, PR China
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15
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Sato K, Sato F, Kumano M, Kamijo T, Sato T, Zhou Y, Korchev Y, Fukuma T, Fujimura T, Takahashi Y. Electrochemical Quantitative Evaluation of the Surface Charge of a Poly(1‐Vinylimidazole) Multilayer Film and Application to Nanopore pH Sensor. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Katsuhiko Sato
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba Sendai Miyagi 981-8558 Japan
- Department of Creative Engineering National Institute of Technology Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8511 Japan
| | - Fumiya Sato
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Masayuki Kumano
- Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences Tohoku University 6-3 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku Sendai 980-8578 Japan
| | - Toshio Kamijo
- Department of Creative Engineering National Institute of Technology Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8511 Japan
| | - Takaya Sato
- Department of Creative Engineering National Institute of Technology Tsuruoka College 104 Sawada, Inooka Tsuruoka Yamagata 997-8511 Japan
| | - Yuanshu Zhou
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Yuri Korchev
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- Imperial College London Department of Medicine W12 0NN London United Kingdom
| | - Takeshi Fukuma
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
| | - Tsutomu Fujimura
- Faculty of Pharmaceutical Science Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba Sendai Miyagi 981-8558 Japan
| | - Yasufumi Takahashi
- Nano Life Science Institute (WPI-NanoLSI) Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi Kanazawa 920-1192 Japan
- Precursory Research for Embryonic Science and Technology (PRESTO) Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST) Saitama 332-0012 Japan
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16
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Gouda M, Chen K, Li X, Liu Y, He Y. Detection of microalgae single-cell antioxidant and electrochemical potentials by gold microelectrode and Raman micro-spectroscopy combined with chemometrics. SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B: CHEMICAL 2021; 329:129229. [DOI: 10.1016/j.snb.2020.129229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
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17
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Aoki KJ, Liu L, Marken F, Chen J. Rectification effects of Nafion-backed micropore-voltammograms by difference in migrational modes. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136839] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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18
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Jia R, Mirkin MV. The double life of conductive nanopipette: a nanopore and an electrochemical nanosensor. Chem Sci 2020; 11:9056-9066. [PMID: 34123158 PMCID: PMC8163349 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc02807j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The continuing interest in nanoscale research has spurred the development of nanosensors for liquid phase measurements. These include nanopore-based sensors typically employed for detecting nanoscale objects, such as nanoparticles, vesicles and biomolecules, and electrochemical nanosensors suitable for identification and quantitative analysis of redox active molecules. In this Perspective, we discuss conductive nanopipettes (CNP) that can combine the advantages of single entity sensitivity of nanopore detection with high selectivity and capacity for quantitative analysis offered by electrochemical sensors. Additionally, the small physical size and needle-like shape of a CNP enables its use as a tip in the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM), thus, facilitating precise positioning and localized measurements in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Jia
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY Flushing NY 11367 USA
- The Graduate Center of CUNY New York NY 10016 USA
| | - Michael V Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Queens College-CUNY Flushing NY 11367 USA
- The Graduate Center of CUNY New York NY 10016 USA
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19
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Zhao D, Tang H, Wang H, Yang C, Li Y. Analytes Triggered Conformational Switch of i-Motif DNA inside Gold-Decorated Solid-State Nanopores. ACS Sens 2020; 5:2177-2183. [PMID: 32588619 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.0c00798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The nanopore-based technique is a useful tool for single-molecule sensing and characterization. In this work, we have developed a new DNA-functionalized gold-modified nanopore, and analytes can induce the conformational switch of i-motif DNA formed on the inner surface of the nanopore. i-Motif DNA structure can be formed in the presence of silver ions (Ag+), which will result in the change in surface charge and structure of the nanopore tip and ion current rectification (ICR) ratio. The i-motif DNA structure on nanopore surface will be destroyed after the addition of glutathione (GSH) due to the strong interaction of Ag-S bond, which results in the recovery of surface charge, steric hindrance, and ICR ratio. This analyte-triggered conformational switch of i-motif DNA can help us deeply understand the DNA technology inside single nanopore and will benefit the possible applications in an ultrasensitive detection and biological/chemical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Zhao
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Haoran Tang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Yang
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
| | - Yongxin Li
- Anhui Key Laboratory of Chemo/Biosensing, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, P. R. China
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20
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Zhang S, Cheng J, Shi W, Li KB, Han DM, Xu JJ. Fabrication of a Biomimetic Nanochannel Logic Platform and Its Applications in the Intelligent Detection of miRNA Related to Liver Cancer. Anal Chem 2020; 92:5952-5959. [PMID: 32207618 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c00147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Nanochannel-based analytical techniques have great potential applications for nucleic acid sequencing and high sensitivity detection of biological molecules. However, the sensitivity of conventional solid-state nanochannel sensors is hampered by a lack of effective signal amplification strategies, which has limited its utility in the field of analytical chemistry. Here we selected a solid-state nanochannnel modified with polyethylenimine and Zr4+ in combination with graphene oxide as the sensing platform. The high-performance sensor is based upon the change of the surface charge of the nanochannel, which is resulted from DNA cascade signal amplification in solution. The target miRNA (miR-122) can be indirectly quantitated with a detection limit of 97.2 aM with an excellent selectivity. Depending on the nucleic acid's hybridization and configuration transform, the designed nanochannel sensing systems can realize the intelligent detection of multiple liver cancer-related miRNA (miR-122 and miR Let-7a) integrating with cascaded INHIBIT-OR logic gate to provide theoretical guidance and technical support for clinical diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of liver cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Zhang
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Jiaxi Cheng
- School of Civil Engineering & Architecture, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Wei Shi
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Kai-Bin Li
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - De-Man Han
- School of Pharmaceutical and Materials Engineering, Taizhou University, Jiaojiang, 318000, China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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21
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Liu GC, Song LB, Gao MJ, Wang XH, Li CQ, Liu B, Zhao YD, Chen W. Ion Current Rectification in High-Salt Environment from Mesoporous TiO2 Microplug in Situ Grown at the Tip of a Micropipette Induced by Space-Confined Evaporation. Anal Chem 2019; 91:15377-15381. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b04424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Chang Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Lai-Bo Song
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Meng-Juan Gao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Hong Wang
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Chao-Qing Li
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Bo Liu
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Yuan-Di Zhao
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
- Key Laboratory of Biomedical Photonics (HUST), Ministry of Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
| | - Wei Chen
- Britton Chance Center for Biomedical Photonics at Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics-Hubei Bioinformatics & Molecular Imaging Key Laboratory, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, Hubei, P. R. China
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22
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Xiong T, Zhang K, Jiang Y, Yu P, Mao L. Ion current rectification: from nanoscale to microscale. Sci China Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s11426-019-9526-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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23
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Wu Y, Yang G, Lin M, Kong X, Mi L, Liu S, Chen G, Tian Y, Jiang L. Continuously Tunable Ion Rectification and Conductance in Submicrochannels Stemming from Thermoresponsive Polymer Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019; 58:12481-12485. [DOI: 10.1002/anie.201906360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Guang Yang
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Mingchang Lin
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Li Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Guosong Chen
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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24
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25
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Pérez-Mitta G, Toimil-Molares ME, Trautmann C, Marmisollé WA, Azzaroni O. Molecular Design of Solid-State Nanopores: Fundamental Concepts and Applications. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1901483. [PMID: 31267585 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201901483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 85] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2019] [Revised: 05/16/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Solid-state nanopores are fascinating objects that enable the development of specific and efficient chemical and biological sensors, as well as the investigation of the physicochemical principles ruling the behavior of biological channels. The great variety of biological nanopores that nature provides regulates not only the most critical processes in the human body, including neuronal communication and sensory perception, but also the most important bioenergetic process on earth: photosynthesis. This makes them an exhaustless source of inspiration toward the development of more efficient, selective, and sophisticated nanopore-based nanofluidic devices. The key point responsible for the vibrant and exciting advance of solid nanopore research in the last decade has been the simultaneous combination of advanced fabrication nanotechnologies to tailor the size, geometry, and application of novel and creative approaches to confer the nanopore surface specific functionalities and responsiveness. Here, the state of the art is described in the following critical areas: i) theory, ii) nanofabrication techniques, iii) (bio)chemical functionalization, iv) construction of nanofluidic actuators, v) nanopore (bio)sensors, and vi) commercial aspects. The plethora of potential applications once envisioned for solid-state nanochannels is progressively and quickly materializing into new technologies that hold promise to revolutionize the everyday life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez-Mitta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
- Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology and Biophysics, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, NY, 10065, USA
| | | | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung, 64291, Darmstadt, Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt, 64287, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Waldemar A Marmisollé
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA), Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata (UNLP) - CONICET, Diagonal 113 y 64, 1900, La Plata, Argentina
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26
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Wu Y, Yang G, Lin M, Kong X, Mi L, Liu S, Chen G, Tian Y, Jiang L. Continuously Tunable Ion Rectification and Conductance in Submicrochannels Stemming from Thermoresponsive Polymer Self‐Assembly. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201906360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafeng Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Guang Yang
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Mingchang Lin
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Li Mi
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringSoutheast University Nanjing 211189 China
| | - Guosong Chen
- Fudan UniversityState Key Lab Mol Engn Polymers Shanghai 200433 P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
| | - Lei Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS)Key Laboratory of Organic SolidsInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100190 P. R. China
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27
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Fertig D, Valiskó M, Boda D. Controlling ionic current through a nanopore by tuning pH: a local equilibrium Monte Carlo study. Mol Phys 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/00268976.2018.1554194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dávid Fertig
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, P. O. Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Mónika Valiskó
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, P. O. Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary
| | - Dezső Boda
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Pannonia, P. O. Box 158, H-8201 Veszprém, Hungary
- Institute of Advanced Studies Kőszeg (iASK), Chernel u. 14, H-9730 Kőszeg, Hungary
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28
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Zhang S, Zhang J, Fang W, Zhang Y, Wang Q, Jin J. Ultralarge Single-Layer Porous Protein Nanosheet for Precise Nanosize Separation. NANO LETTERS 2018; 18:6563-6569. [PMID: 30182720 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.8b03155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Highly permeable and precisely size-selective membranes are the subject of continuous pursuit for energy-efficient separation of fine chemicals. However, challenges remain in the fabrication of an ultrathin selective layer with homogeneous pores, in particular, with the pore sizes in the 1-10 nm range. We report the design of a free-standing porous nanosheet assembled with a single layer of proteins. Tobacco mosaic virus mutant (TMVm), a cylinder-shaped protein containing an inner pore of 4 nm in diameter, was cross-linked via a Cu2+-catalyzed disulfide-bond-forming reaction along the 2D orientation. By such a design, ultralarge single-layer TMVm nanosheets extending over tens of micrometers in width and with well-defined nanopores were successfully developed. A ∼40 nm thick ultrafiltration membrane laminated by the single-layer TMVm nanosheets through simple vacuum filtration accomplished the precise separation of ∼4 nm sized substances. Meanwhile, the membrane exhibited water permeance up to ∼7000 L m-2 h-1 bar-1, which is an order of magnitude improvement compared with traditional ultrafiltration membranes with a similar rejection profile.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shenxiang Zhang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
- School of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics , University of Science and Technology of China , Hefei 230026 , China
| | - Jianting Zhang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Wangxi Fang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Yejun Zhang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Qiangbin Wang
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
| | - Jian Jin
- i-Lab, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, and CAS Key Laboratory of Nano-Bio Interface , Suzhou Institute of Nano-Tech and Nano-Bionics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Suzhou 215123 , China
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29
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Chang F, Yang Y, Xie X, Li M, Zhu Z. The facile approaches to asymmetric modification of glassy biconical microchannel wall with silver, copper or gold. Talanta 2018; 185:191-195. [PMID: 29759188 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.03.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2018] [Revised: 03/18/2018] [Accepted: 03/25/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The modification of inner surface has significant influence in the properties of the nano or microchannel based on various materials, especially for the ionic current rectification (ICR) that arises from the selective interaction between ions in solution and the inner surface. Herein, we demonstrate a simple strategy to asymmetrically modify the inner wall of a glassy biconical microchannel with silver, copper or gold by means of silver mirror reaction and polydopamine platform, respectively. And the bidirectional ionic current rectification phenomena were observed in all of the modified biconical microchannels. All of the modification methods are simple, facile and low-cost, and can be applied in the modification of other glassy pipettes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengxia Chang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China; College of Chemistry and Environment Protection Engineering, Southwest Minzu University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Yang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Xia Xie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Meixian Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, PR China.
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Zhang S, Yin X, Li M, Zhang X, Zhang X, Qin X, Zhu Z, Yang S, Shao Y. Ionic Current Behaviors of Dual Nano- and Micropipettes. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8592-8599. [PMID: 29939012 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Ionic current rectification (ICR) phenomena within dual glass pipettes are investigated for the first time. We demonstrate that the ionic flow presents different behaviors in dual nano- and micropipettes when the two channels are filled with the same electrolyte KCl and hung in air. Bare dual nanopipettes cannot rectify the ionic current because of their geometric symmetry, but the ICR can be directly observed based on bare dual micropipettes. The phenomena based on dual micropipettes could be explained by the simulation of the Poisson-Nernst-Plank equation. After modification with different approaches, the dual nanopipettes have asymmetric charge patterns and show various ICR behaviors. They have been successfully employed to fabricate various nanodevices, such as ionic diodes and bipolar junction transistors. Due to the simple and fast fabrication with high reproducibility, these dual pipettes can provide a novel platform for controlling ionic flow in nano- and microfluidics, fabrication of novel nanodevices, and detection of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Xiaohong Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Xianhao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Xiaoli Qin
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Zhiwei Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Shuang Yang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
| | - Yuanhua Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering , Peking University , Beijing 100871 , China
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31
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Zhang S, Li M, Su B, Shao Y. Fabrication and Use of Nanopipettes in Chemical Analysis. ANNUAL REVIEW OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY (PALO ALTO, CALIF.) 2018; 11:265-286. [PMID: 29894227 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-anchem-061417-125840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes progress in the fabrication, modification, characterization, and applications of nanopipettes since 2010. A brief history of nanopipettes is introduced, and the details of fabrication, modification, and characterization of nanopipettes are provided. Applications of nanopipettes in chemical analysis are the focus in several cases, including recent progress in imaging; in the study of single molecules, single nanoparticles, and single cells; in fundamental investigations of charge transfer (ion and electron) reactions at liquid/liquid interfaces; and as hyphenated techniques combined with other methods to study the mechanisms of complicated electrochemical reactions and to conduct bioanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shudong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Mingzhi Li
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China;
| | - Yuanhua Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;
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32
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Jiang Y, Feng Y, Su J, Nie J, Cao L, Mao L, Jiang L, Guo W. On the Origin of Ionic Rectification in DNA-Stuffed Nanopores: The Breaking and Retrieving Symmetry. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:18739-18746. [PMID: 29185744 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b11732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The discovery of ionic current rectification (ICR) phenomena in synthetic nanofluidic systems elicits broad interest from interdisciplinary fields of chemistry, physics, materials science, and nanotechnology; and thus, boosts their applications in, for example, chemical sensing, fluidic pumping, and energy related aspects. So far, it is generally accepted that the ICR effect stems from the broken symmetry either in the nanofluidic structures, or in the environmental conditions. Although this empirical regularity is supported by numerous experimental and theoretical results, great challenge still remains to precisely figure out the correlation between the asymmetric ion transport properties and the degree of symmetry breaking. An appropriate and quantified measure is therefore highly demanded. Herein, taking DNA-stuffed nanopores as a model system, we systematically investigate the evolution of dynamic ICR in between two symmetric states. The fully stuffed and fully opened nanopores are symmetric; therefore, they exhibit linear ion transport behaviors. Once the stuffed DNA superstructures are asymmetrically removed from one end of the nanopore via aptamer-target interaction, the nanofluidic system becomes asymmetric and starts to rectify ionic current. The peak of ICR is found right before the breakthrough of the stuffed DNA forest. After that, the nanofluidic system gradually retrieves symmetry, and becomes non-rectified. Theoretical results by both the coarse-grained Poisson-Nernst-Planck model and the 1D statistic model excellently support the experimental observations, and further establish a quantified correlation between the ICR effect and the degree of asymmetry for different molecular filling configurations. Based on the ICR properties, we develop a proof-of-concept demonstration for sensing ATP, termed the ATP balance. These findings help to clarify the origin of ICR, and show implications to other asymmetric transport phenomena for future innovative nanofluidic devices and materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Jianjian Su
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
| | - Jingxin Nie
- School of Physics, Peking University , Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Liuxuan Cao
- College of Energy, Xiamen University , Xiamen, Fujian 361005, P. R. China
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33
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Xu X, Li C, Zhou Y, Jin Y. Controllable Shrinking of Glass Capillary Nanopores Down to sub-10 nm by Wet-Chemical Silanization for Signal-Enhanced DNA Translocation. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1452-1457. [PMID: 28971672 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Diameter is a major concern for nanopore based sensing. However, directly pulling glass capillary nanopore with diameter down to sub-10 nm is very difficult. So, post treatment is sometimes necessary. Herein, we demonstrate a facile and effective wet-chemical method to shrink the diameter of glass capillary nanopore from several tens of nanometers to sub-10 nm by disodium silicate hydrolysis. Its benefits for DNA translocation are investigated. The shrinking of glass capillary nanopore not only slows down DNA translocation, but also enhances DNA translocation signal and signal-to-noise ratio significantly (102.9 for 6.4 nm glass nanopore, superior than 15 for a 3 nm silicon nitride nanopore). It also affects DNA translocation behaviors, making the approach and glass capillary nanopore platform promising for DNA translocation studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Xu
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
| | - Chuanping Li
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Ya Zhou
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P.R. China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- State
Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute
of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin 130022, P.R. China
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34
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Liu HL, Cao J, Hanif S, Yuan C, Pang J, Levicky R, Xia XH, Wang K. Size-Controllable Gold Nanopores with High SERS Activity. Anal Chem 2017; 89:10407-10413. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b02410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Ling Liu
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiao Cao
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chunge Yuan
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jie Pang
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Rastislav Levicky
- Department
of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Kang Wang
- State
Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
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35
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Wang D, Mirkin MV. Electron-Transfer Gated Ion Transport in Carbon Nanopipets. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:11654-11657. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b05058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dengchao Wang
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367, United States
| | - Michael V. Mirkin
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, Queens College, City University of New York, Flushing, New York 11367, United States
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36
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Biomimetic Mineralization of Gold Nanoclusters as Multifunctional Thin Films for Glass Nanopore Modification, Characterization, and Sensing. Anal Chem 2017; 89:7886-7892. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b00802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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37
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Zhang K, He X, Liu Y, Yu P, Fei J, Mao L. Highly Selective Cerebral ATP Assay Based on Micrometer Scale Ion Current Rectification at Polyimidazolium-Modified Micropipettes. Anal Chem 2017; 89:6794-6799. [PMID: 28516771 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b01218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Development of new principles and methods for cerebral ATP assay is highly imperative not only for determining ATP dynamics in brain but also for understanding physiological and pathological processes related to ATP. Herein, we for the first time demonstrate that micrometer scale ion current rectification (MICR) at a polyimidazolium brush-modified micropipette can be used as the signal transduction output for the cerebral ATP assay with a high selectivity. The rationale for ATP assay is essentially based on the competitive binding ability between positively charged polyimidazolium and ATP toward negatively charged ATP aptamer. The method is well responsive to ATP with a good linearity within a concentration range from 5 nM to 100 nM, and high selectivity toward ATP. These properties essentially enable the method to determine the cerebral ATP by combining in vivo microdialysis. The basal dialysate level of ATP in rat brain cortex is determined to be 11.32 ± 2.36 nM (n = 3). This study demonstrates that the MICR-based sensors could be potentially used for monitoring neurochemicals in cerebral systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China.,Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiulan He
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Junjie Fei
- Key Laboratory of Environmental Friendly Chemistry and Applications of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Xiangtan University , Xiangtan, Hunan 411105, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, The Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS) , Beijing 100190, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
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38
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Yao H, Zeng J, Zhai P, Li Z, Cheng Y, Liu J, Mo D, Duan J, Wang L, Sun Y, Liu J. Large Rectification Effect of Single Graphene Nanopore Supported by PET Membrane. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:11000-11008. [PMID: 28262018 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Graphene is an ideal candidate for the development of solid state nanopores due to its thickness at the atomic scale and its high chemical and mechanical stabilities. A facile method was adopted to prepare single graphene nanopore supported by PET membrane (G/PET nanopore) within the three steps assisted by the swift heavy ion irradiation and asymmetric etching technology. The inversion of the ion rectification effect was confirmed in G/PET nanopore while comparing with bare PET nanopore in KCl electrolyte solution. By modifying the wall charge state of PET conical nanopore with hydrochloric acid from negative to positive, the ion rectification effect of G/PET nanopore was found to be greatly enhanced and the large rectification ratio up to 190 was obtained during this work. Moreover, the high ionic flux and high ion separation efficiency was also observed in the G/PET nanopore system. By comparing the "on" and "off" state conductance of G/PET nanopore while immersed in the solution with pH value lower than the isoelectric point of the etched PET (IEP, pH = 3.8), the voltage dependence of the off conductance was established and it was confirmed that the large rectification effect was strongly dependent on the particularly low off conductance at higher applied voltage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijun Yao
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jian Zeng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Pengfei Zhai
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Zongzhen Li
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yaxiong Cheng
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiande Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Dan Mo
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jinglai Duan
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Lanxi Wang
- Science and Technology on Vacuum Technology and Physics Laboratory, Lanzhou Institute of Physics , Feiyan Street 100, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Youmei Sun
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Jie Liu
- Institute of Modern Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Lanzhou 730000, China
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39
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Jiang ZY, Liu HL, Ahmed SA, Hanif S, Ren SB, Xu JJ, Chen HY, Xia XH, Wang K. Insight into Ion Transfer through the Sub-Nanometer Channels in Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017; 56:4767-4771. [PMID: 28345204 DOI: 10.1002/anie.201701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
A crack-free sub-nanometer composite structure for the study of ion transfer was constructed by in situ growth of ZIF-90 [Zn(ICA)2 , ICA=Imidazole-2-carboxaldehyde] on the tip of a glass nanopipette. The potential-driven ion transfer through the sub-nanometer channels in ZIF-90 is strongly influenced by the pH of the solution. A rectification ratio over 500 is observed in 1 m KCl solution under alkaline conditions (pH 11.58), which is the highest value reported under such a high salt concentration. Fluorescence experiments show the super-high rectification ratio under alkaline conditions results from the strong electrostatic interaction between ions and the sub-nanometer channels of ZIF-90. In addition to providing a general pathway for further study of mass-transfer process through sub-nanometer channels, the approach enable all kinds of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) to be used as ionic permselectivity materials in nanopore-based analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, Jiangsu, P.R. China
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40
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Jiang ZY, Liu HL, Ahmed SA, Hanif S, Ren SB, Xu JJ, Chen HY, Xia XH, Wang K. Insight into Ion Transfer through the Sub-Nanometer Channels in Zeolitic Imidazolate Frameworks. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.201701279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Yu Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Hai-Ling Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Saud Asif Ahmed
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Sumaira Hanif
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Shi-Bin Ren
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
| | - Hong-Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering; Nanjing University; Nanjing 210023 Jiangsu P.R. China
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41
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Ying YL, Ding Z, Zhan D, Long YT. Advanced electroanalytical chemistry at nanoelectrodes. Chem Sci 2017; 8:3338-3348. [PMID: 28507703 PMCID: PMC5416909 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc00433h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 83] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Accepted: 02/16/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Nanoelectrodes, with dimensions below 100 nm, have the advantages of high sensitivity and high spatial resolution. These electrodes have attracted increasing attention in various fields such as single cell analysis, single-molecule detection, single particle characterization and high-resolution imaging. The rapid growth of novel nanoelectrodes and nanoelectrochemical methods brings enormous new opportunities in the field. In this perspective, we discuss the challenges, advances, and opportunities for nanoelectrode fabrication, real-time characterizations and high-performance electrochemical instrumentation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi-Lun Ying
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , 200237 , P. R. China .
| | - Zhifeng Ding
- Department of Chemistry , University of Western Ontario , 1151 Richmond Street , London , ON N6A 5B7 , Canada
| | - Dongping Zhan
- State Key Laboratory of Physical Chemistry of Solid Surfaces , Collaborative Innovation Centre of Chemistry for Energy Materials (iChEM) , Department of Chemistry , College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Xiamen University , Xiamen , 361005 , P. R. China
| | - Yi-Tao Long
- School of Chemistry & Molecular Engineering , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai , 200237 , P. R. China .
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42
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Pérez-Mitta G, Albesa AG, Trautmann C, Toimil-Molares ME, Azzaroni O. Bioinspired integrated nanosystems based on solid-state nanopores: " iontronic" transduction of biological, chemical and physical stimuli. Chem Sci 2017; 8:890-913. [PMID: 28572900 PMCID: PMC5452273 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04255d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 91] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2016] [Accepted: 10/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The ability of living systems to respond to stimuli and process information has encouraged scientists to develop integrated nanosystems displaying similar functions and capabilities. In this regard, biological pores have been a source of inspiration due to their exquisite control over the transport of ions within cells, a feature that ultimately plays a major role in multiple physiological processes, e.g. transduction of physical stimuli into nervous signals. Developing abiotic nanopores, which respond to certain chemical, biological or physical inputs producing "iontronic" signals, is now a reality thanks to the combination of "soft" surface science with nanofabrication techniques. The interplay between the functional richness of predesigned molecular components and the remarkable physical characteristics of nanopores plays a critical role in the rational integration of molecular functions into nanopore environments, permitting us to envisage nanopore-based biomimetic integrated nanosystems that respond to a variety of external stimuli such as pH, redox potential, molecule concentration, temperature, or light. Transduction of these stimuli into a predefined "iontronic" response can be amplified by exploiting nanoconfinement and physico-chemical effects such as charge distribution, steric constraints, equilibria displacement, or local changes in ionic concentration, to name but a few examples. While in past decades the focus has been mostly on their fundamental aspects and the in-depth study of their interesting transport properties, for several years now nanopore research has started to shift towards specific practical applications. This work is dedicated to bringing together the latest developments in the use of nanopores as "iontronic" transducing elements. Our aim is to show the wide potential of abiotic nanopores in sensing and signal transduction and also to promote the potential of this technology among doctoral students, postdocs, and researchers. We believe that even a casual reader of this perspective will not fail to be impressed by the wealth of opportunities that solid-state nanopores can offer to the transduction of biological, physical and chemical stimuli.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gonzalo Pérez-Mitta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CONICET , CC. 16 Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina .
| | - Alberto G Albesa
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CONICET , CC. 16 Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina .
| | - Christina Trautmann
- GSI Helmholtzzentrum für Schwerionenforschung , Darmstadt , Germany
- Technische Universität Darmstadt , Darmstadt , Germany
| | | | - Omar Azzaroni
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fisicoquímicas Teóricas y Aplicadas (INIFTA) , Universidad Nacional de La Plata , CONICET , CC. 16 Suc. 4 , 1900 La Plata , Argentina .
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43
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He X, Zhang K, Li T, Jiang Y, Yu P, Mao L. Micrometer-Scale Ion Current Rectification at Polyelectrolyte Brush-Modified Micropipets. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:1396-1399. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.6b11696] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiulan He
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kailin Zhang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ting Li
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanan Jiang
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ping Yu
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lanqun Mao
- Beijing
National Laboratory for Molecular Science, Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, the Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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44
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqing Shi
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Alicia K. Friedman
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - Lane A. Baker
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Avenue, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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45
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Hsu JP, Wu HH, Lin CY, Tseng S. Importance of polyelectrolyte modification for rectifying the ionic current in conically shaped nanochannels. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:5351-5360. [DOI: 10.1039/c6cp07693a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Regulating the ICR behavior of a conical nanochannel can be achieved by modifying its surface appropriately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyh-Ping Hsu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
- Department of Chemical Engineering
| | - Hou-Hsueh Wu
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yuan Lin
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- National Taiwan University
- Taipei
- Taiwan
| | - Shiojenn Tseng
- Department of Mathematics
- Tamkang University
- New Taipei City
- Taiwan
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46
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Alvarez de Eulate E, Strutwolf J, Liu Y, O’Donnell K, Arrigan DWM. An Electrochemical Sensing Platform Based on Liquid–Liquid Microinterface Arrays Formed in Laser-Ablated Glass Membranes. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2596-604. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b03091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eva Alvarez de Eulate
- Nanochemistry
Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Jörg Strutwolf
- Department
of Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Yang Liu
- Nanochemistry
Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Kane O’Donnell
- Department
of Physics, Astronomy and Medical Radiation Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Damien W. M. Arrigan
- Nanochemistry
Research Institute, Department of Chemistry, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
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47
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Şen M, Demirci A. pH-Dependent ionic-current-rectification in nanopipettes modified with glutaraldehyde cross-linked protein membranes. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra19263g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
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48
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Yin X, Zhang S, Dong Y, Liu S, Gu J, Chen Y, Zhang X, Zhang X, Shao Y. Ionic Current Rectification in Organic Solutions with Quartz Nanopipettes. Anal Chem 2015. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b02337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Yin
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shudong Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yitong Dong
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Shujuan Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Jing Gu
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Ye Chen
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xianhao Zhang
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Yuanhua Shao
- Beijing National Laboratory
for Molecular Sciences, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
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49
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Li CY, Wu ZQ, Yuan CG, Wang K, Xia XH. Propagation of Concentration Polarization Affecting Ions Transport in Branching Nanochannel Array. Anal Chem 2015; 87:8194-202. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Cheng-Yong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Zeng-Qiang Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Chun-Ge Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science and Collaborative Innovation Center of
Chemistry for Life Sciences, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210093 China
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50
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Zhang S, Sun T, Wang J. Biomimetic phosphate assay based on nanopores obtained by immobilization of zirconium(IV) on a film of polyethyleneimine. Mikrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-015-1459-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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