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Stelmaszczyk P, Kwaczyński K, Rudnicki K, Skrzypek S, Wietecha-Posłuszny R, Poltorak L. Nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam studied at the macroscopic and microscopic electrified liquid-liquid interface. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:182. [PMID: 37052720 PMCID: PMC10101902 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05739-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/14/2023]
Abstract
Two benzodiazepine type drugs, that is, nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam, were studied at the electrified liquid-liquid interface (eLLI). Both drugs are illicit and act sedative in the human body and moreover are used as date rape drugs. Existence of the diazepine ring in the concerned chemicals structure and one additional amine group (for 7-aminonitrazepam) allows for the molecular charging below their pKa values, and hence, both drugs can cross the eLLI interface upon application of the appropriate value of the Galvani potential difference. Chosen molecules were studied at the macroscopic eLLI formed in the four electrode cell and microscopic eLLI formed within a microtip defined as the single pore having 25 μm in diameter. Microscopic eLLI was formed using only a few μL of the organic and the aqueous phase with the help of a 3D printed cell. Parameters such as limit of detection and voltammetric detection sensitivity are derived from the experimental data. Developed methodology was used to detect nitrazepam in pharmaceutical formulation and both drugs (nitrazepam and 7-aminonitrazepam) in spiked biological fluids (urine and blood).
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Affiliation(s)
- Paweł Stelmaszczyk
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Kwaczyński
- Electrochemistry@Soft Interfaces Team, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403, Lodz, Poland
| | - Konrad Rudnicki
- Electrochemistry@Soft Interfaces Team, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403, Lodz, Poland
| | - Sławomira Skrzypek
- Electrochemistry@Soft Interfaces Team, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403, Lodz, Poland
| | - Renata Wietecha-Posłuszny
- Laboratory for Forensic Chemistry, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, Gronostajowa 2, 30-387, Krakow, Poland.
| | - Lukasz Poltorak
- Electrochemistry@Soft Interfaces Team, Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403, Lodz, Poland.
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Fatullaev EI, Shavykin OV, Neelov IM. Molecular Dynamics of Lysine Dendrigrafts in Methanol-Water Mixtures. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24043063. [PMID: 36834474 PMCID: PMC9963150 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24043063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
The molecular dynamics method was used to study the structure and properties of dendrigrafts of the first and second generations in methanol-water mixtures with various volume fractions of methanol. At a small volume fraction of methanol, the size and other properties of both dendrigrafts are very similar to those in pure water. A decrease in the dielectric constant of the mixed solvent with an increase in the methanol fraction leads to the penetration of counterions into the dendrigrafts and a reduction of the effective charge. This leads to a gradual collapse of dendrigrafts: a decrease in their size, and an increase in the internal density and the number of intramolecular hydrogen bonds inside them. At the same time, the number of solvent molecules inside the dendrigraft and the number of hydrogen bonds between the dendrigraft and the solvent decrease. At small fractions of methanol in the mixture, the dominant secondary structure in both dendrigrafts is an elongated polyproline II (PPII) helix. At intermediate volume fractions of methanol, the proportion of the PPII helix decreases, while the proportion of another elongated β-sheet secondary structure gradually increases. However, at a high fraction of methanol, the proportion of compact α-helix conformations begins to increase, while the proportion of both elongated conformations decreases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emil I. Fatullaev
- School of Computer Technologies and Control, St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Oleg V. Shavykin
- School of Computer Technologies and Control, St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Physics Department, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Leninskie Gory 1-2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Department of Mathematics, Tver State University, Sadoviy per. 35, 170102 Tver, Russia
| | - Igor M. Neelov
- School of Computer Technologies and Control, St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics and Optics (ITMO University), Kronverkskiy pr. 49, 197101 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 199004 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence:
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3
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Interfacial association of ferritin with anionic fluorescent probe at the 1,2-dichloroethane/water interface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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4
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Kowalewska K, Rodriguez-Prieto T, Skrzypek S, Cano J, Ramírez RG, Poltorak L. Electroanalytical study of five carbosilane dendrimers at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. Analyst 2021; 146:1376-1385. [PMID: 33403382 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02101f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This work is focused on the electroanalytical study of a family of five imidazolium-terminated carbosilane dendrimers (from generation G1 to G3) at the polarized liquid-liquid interface formed between water and 1,2-dichloroethane solutions. All dendrimers with permanently and positively charged imidazolium groups located at the periphery within the branched carbosilane core were found to be electrochemically active. Based on the concentration and scan rate dependencies we have concluded that these molecules undergo interfacial ion transfer processes accompanied by interfacial adsorption/desorption rather than the electrochemically induced interfacial formation of the macromolecule-anion (tetrakis(4-chlorophenyl)borate) from the organic phase complex. Also, we report several physicochemical and electroanalytical parameters (e.g. diffusion coefficients, LODs, and detection sensitivities) for the studied family of dendrimers. Our work aims to contribute to the understating of the interaction between branched macromolecules and biomimetic interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Kowalewska
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Electroanalysis and Electrochemistry Group, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
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Poltorak L, Rudnicki K, Kolivoška V, Sebechlebská T, Krzyczmonik P, Skrzypek S. Electrochemical study of ephedrine at the polarized liquid-liquid interface supported with a 3D printed cell. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 402:123411. [PMID: 32711385 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.123411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2020] [Revised: 07/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In this work, we have examined an electrochemical behavior of the ephedrine at the polarized liquid-liquid interface (water/1,2-dichloroethane). In this respect, we first designed and then 3D printed polyamide-based electrochemical cell that was used as the liquid-liquid interface support during electroanalytical measurements. The protonated ephedrine undergoes a reversible ion transfer reaction with the standard Galvani potential difference equal to +0.269 V. This value was used to calculate the water - 1,2-dichloroethane logP equal to -4.6. Ion transfer voltammetry was used to build the calibration curve and allowed for the ephedrine detection from concentration equal to 20 μM. By varying the pH of the aqueous phase from 2 up to 12 we were able to plot the ion partition diagram that was further analyzed and provided several pharmacochemical information. To further push this work towards practical utility, we have formulated the artificial urine and studied the interfacial behavior of all its components at the polarized liquid-liquid interface. Ephedrine detection from real spiked urine samples was also performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lukasz Poltorak
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland.
| | - Konrad Rudnicki
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Viliam Kolivoška
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic.
| | - Táňa Sebechlebská
- J. Heyrovský Institute of Physical Chemistry of The Czech Academy of Sciences, v.v.i., Dolejškova 3, 18223 Prague, Czech Republic; Department of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University in Bratislava, Mlynská Dolina, Ilkovičova 6, 84215 Bratislava 4, Slovakia
| | - Paweł Krzyczmonik
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
| | - Sławomira Skrzypek
- Department of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Lodz, Tamka 12, 91-403 Lodz, Poland
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6
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Podrażka M, Witkowska Nery E, Henares TG, Jönsson-Niedziółka M, Arrigan DWM. Ion Transfer Voltammetry with an Electrochemical Pen. Anal Chem 2020; 92:15997-16004. [PMID: 33259187 PMCID: PMC7745201 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c03530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
We present a new electrochemical system that combines paper-based sensing and ion-transfer voltammetry, bringing the latter a step closer toward point-of-care applications. Studies at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (ITIES) are often performed to detect redox-inactive species; unfortunately, due to the inherent instability of the interface, it is rather poorly explored outside specialized laboratories. Here, we address this limitation by combining a pen-like device containing the gelled organic phase with a paper-supported aqueous phase. This combination makes the system more user-friendly, potentially low-cost, and easy to assemble. We show the applicability of the new cell to analyze both simple and ionophore-facilitated transfer of ions and proteins, preconcentration of species, and analysis of mixtures through combination with paper chromatography. The native ion content of the paper also enabled measurements without added electrolytes. Those studies could broaden the scope for the application of the label-free electrochemical detection of nonredox-active species at points-of-need.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Podrażka
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Emilia Witkowska Nery
- Institute of Physical Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Kasprzaka 44/52, 01-224 Warsaw, Poland
| | - Terence G Henares
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | | | - Damien W M Arrigan
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
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7
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Viada BN, Yudi LM, Arrigan DWM. Detection of perfluorooctane sulfonate by ion-transfer stripping voltammetry at an array of microinterfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. Analyst 2020; 145:5776-5786. [PMID: 32672287 DOI: 10.1039/d0an00884b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are a category of persistent environmental contaminants that have been linked to health issues in humans. In this work, we investigate the detection of perfluorooctanesulfonate (PFOS-), one such PFAS, by ion-transfer voltammetry at an array of microinterfaces between two immiscible electrolyte solutions (μITIES). Cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry and differential pulse stripping voltammetry (DPSV) indicated the ion-transfer behaviour and detection of PFOS-, with the latter enabling detection at picomolar concentrations. Using a 5 min preconcentration time, during which PFOS- was preconcentrated into the organic phase of the μITIES array, a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.03 nM (0.015 μg L-1) in aqueous electrolyte was achieved. This performance is attributed to the enhanced mass transport (radial diffusion) to the μITIES that occurs during preconcentration. To investigate the potentiality for applications of this analytical approach to environmental samples, measurements in a range of water matrices were investigated. Drinking water, laboratory tap water and seawater matrices were assessed by spiking with PFOS- over the 0.1-1 nM range. A matrix effect was observed, with changes in sensitivity and LOD relative to those in pure aqueous electrolyte solutions. Such matrix effects need to be considered in designing applications of these PFOS- measurements to environmental samples. The results presented here indicate that DPSV at a μITIES array can form the basis for a fast and sensitive screening method for PFOS- contamination that is suited to portable and on-site applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamín N Viada
- Curtin Institute for Functional Molecules and Interfaces, School of Molecular and Life Sciences, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia.
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8
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Co-deposition of silica and proteins at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. Bioelectrochemistry 2020; 134:107529. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioelechem.2020.107529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2020] [Revised: 04/02/2020] [Accepted: 04/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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9
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Kowalewska K, Sipa K, Leniart A, Skrzypek S, Poltorak L. Electrochemistry at the liquid–liquid interface rediscovers interfacial polycondensation of nylon-6,6. Electrochem commun 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2020.106732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022] Open
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10
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Rudnicki K, Poltorak L, Skrzypek S, Sudhölter EJ. Ion transfer voltammetry for analytical screening of fluoroquinolone antibiotics at the water – 1.2-dichloroethane interface. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1085:75-84. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.07.065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2019] [Revised: 07/06/2019] [Accepted: 07/30/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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11
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Sakae H, Toda Y, Yokoyama T. Electrochemical behavior of ferritin at the polarized water|1,2-dichloroethane interface. Electrochem commun 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2018.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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12
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Nagatani H, Fujisawa M, Imura H. Mechanistic Analysis of Ion Association between Dendrigraft Poly-l-lysine and 8-Anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate at Liquid|Liquid Interfaces. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2018; 34:3237-3243. [PMID: 29457910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b00131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Molecular association between biocompatible dendritic polymers, dendrigraft poly-l-lysines (DGLs), and an anionic fluorescent probe, 8-anilino-1-naphthalenesulfonate (ANS-), was studied at the polarized water|1,2-dichloroethane (DCE) interface. The fluorescence intensity of ANS measured in aqueous solution was enhanced by the coexistence of DGLs over a wide pH range (2 < pH < 10), where ANS and DGL exist as a monoanionic form and a polycation, respectively. The voltammetric responses indicated that the positively charged DGLs were adsorbed at the water|DCE interface, whereas ANS- was transferred across the interface accompanied by the adsorption process. The interfacial behavior of the DGL-ANS associates was analyzed by potential-modulated fluorescence (PMF) spectroscopy. The PMF results demonstrated that the ion association between DGLs and ANS at the water|DCE interface is strongly affected by the applied potential and the dendritic generation of DGL. By applying appropriate potentials, the ANS anion was dissociated from its ion associate with DGLs at the interface and transferred into the organic phase, whereas DGLs remained in the aqueous phase. The Gibbs free energy of ion association (Δ GD···ANS) was estimated for the second-fourth generation DGLs (DGL-G2-G4) and the G4 polyamidoamine (PAMAM) dendrimer as a control. The highest stability of the DGL-G4-ANS associate manifested itself through Δ GD···ANS: DGL-G4-ANS (>G4 PAMAM dendrimer-ANS) > DGL-G3-ANS > DGL-G2-ANS. The results elucidated the efficient anion-binding ability of higher generation DGLs and its potential dependence at the liquid|liquid interface.
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13
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Francoia JP, Vial L. Everything You Always Wanted to Know about Poly-l-lysine Dendrigrafts (But Were Afraid to Ask). Chemistry 2018; 24:2806-2814. [PMID: 29034997 DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Revised: 10/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Less than a decade ago, dendrigrafts of poly-l-lysine (DGLs) joined the family of polycationic dendritic macromolecules. Resulting from the iterative polycondensation of an N-carboxyanhydride in water, four generations of the dendrigraft can be obtained on a multigram scale and without chromatographic purification. DGLs share features with both dendrimers and hyperbranched polymers, but turned out to have unique biophysical and bioactive properties. The macromolecules-in their native form or functionalized-have been extensively characterized by various analytical and computational methods, and have already found numerous applications in the biomedical field, such as drug and gene delivery, biomaterials, tissue engineering, bioimaging, and biosensing. Despite a growing interest for DGLs, there is still plenty of room for further exciting developments that could result from a better exposure of these macromolecules, which is the ambition of this short review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Laurent Vial
- Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron, UMR 5247 CNRS-Université de Montpellier-ENSCM, Place Eugène, Bataillon, 34296, Montpellier cedex 5, France.,Institut de Chimie et Biochimie Moléculaires et Supramoléculaires, UMR 5246 CNRS-Université Claude Bernard, Lyon 1-CPE Lyon-INSA, 43 Boulevard du 11 Novembre 1918, 69622, Villeurbanne cedex, France
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14
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Poltorak L, Sudhölter EJ, de Smet LC. Effect of charge of quaternary ammonium cations on lipophilicity and electroanalytical parameters: Task for ion transfer voltammetry. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.04.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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15
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Ion transfer and adsorption behavior of ionizable drugs affected by PAMAM dendrimers at the water|1,2- dichloroethane interface. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.01.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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16
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Arrigan DWM, Alvarez de Eulate E, Liu Y. Electroanalytical Opportunities Derived from Ion Transfer at Interfaces between Immiscible Electrolyte Solutions. Aust J Chem 2016. [DOI: 10.1071/ch15796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
This review presents an introduction to electrochemistry at interfaces between immiscible electrolyte solutions and surveys recent studies of this form of electrochemistry in electroanalytical strategies. Simple ion and facilitated ion transfers across interfaces varying from millimetre scale to nanometre scales are considered. Target detection strategies for a range of ions, inorganic, organic, and biological, including macromolecules, are discussed.
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17
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Poltorak L, Morakchi K, Herzog G, Walcarius A. Electrochemical characterization of liquid-liquid micro-interfaces modified with mesoporous silica. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.01.129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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18
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Uematsu K, Maruyama C, Hamano Y, Katano H. Ion-transfer voltammetry of streptothricin antibiotics with differently sized lysine oligomers at a nitrobenzene | water interface. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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19
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Sisavath N, Got P, Charrière GM, Destoumieux-Garzon D, Cottet H. Taking Advantage of Electric Field Induced Bacterial Aggregation for the Study of Interactions between Bacteria and Macromolecules by Capillary Electrophoresis. Anal Chem 2015; 87:6761-8. [PMID: 26086209 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
The quantification of interaction stoichiometry and binding constant between bacteria (or other microorganism) and (macro)molecules remains a challenging issue for which only a few adapted methods are available. In this paper, a new methodology was developed for the determination of the interaction stoichiometry and binding constant between bacteria and (macro)molecules. The originality of this work is to take advantage of the bacterial aggregation phenomenon to directly quantify the free ligand concentration in equilibrated bacteria-ligand mixtures using frontal analysis continuous capillary electrophoresis. The described methodology does not require any sample preparation such as filtration step or centrifugation. It was applied to the study of interactions between Erwinia carotovora and different generations of dendrigraft poly-L-lysines leading to quantitative information (i.e., stoichiometry and binding site constant). High stoichiometries in the order of 10(6)-10(7) were determined between nanometric dendrimer-like ligands and the rod-shaped micrometric bacteria. The effect of the dendrimer generation on the binding constant and the stoichiometry is discussed. Stoichiometries were compared with those obtained by replacing the bacteria by polystyrene microbeads to demonstrate the internalization of the ligands inside the bacteria and the increase of the specific surface via the formation of vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nicolas Sisavath
- †Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier), Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 1706, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | | | - Guillaume M Charrière
- §Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE, UMR 5244), CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 80, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Delphine Destoumieux-Garzon
- §Interactions Hôtes-Pathogènes-Environnements (IHPE, UMR 5244), CNRS, Ifremer, Université de Perpignan Via Domitia, Université de Montpellier, Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 80, 34095 Montpellier, France
| | - Hervé Cottet
- †Institut des Biomolécules Max Mousseron (IBMM, UMR 5247 CNRS, Université de Montpellier, Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Montpellier), Place Eugène Bataillon, CC 1706, 34095 Montpellier, France
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20
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Herzog G. Recent developments in electrochemistry at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions for ion sensing. Analyst 2015; 140:3888-96. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00601e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The most recent developments on electrochemical sensing of ions at the liquid–liquid interface are reviewed here.
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Affiliation(s)
- Grégoire Herzog
- Laboratoire de Chimie Physique et Microbiologie pour l'Environnement (LCPME)
- UMR 7564
- CNRS – Université de Lorraine
- Villers-lès-Nancy
- France
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21
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Riva JS, Cámara CI, Juarez AV, Yudi LM. Electrochemical behaviour of cationic polyelectrolytes at a polarized liquid/liquid interface. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-014-0747-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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22
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Riva J, Iglesias R, Yudi L. Electrochemical adsorption of a cationic cellulosic polymer by ion pair formation at the interface between two immiscible electrolyte solutions. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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23
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Alvarez de Eulate E, O'Sullivan S, Fletcher S, Newsholme P, Arrigan DWM. Ion-Transfer Electrochemistry of Rat Amylin at the Water-Organogel Microinterface Array and Its Selective Detection in a Protein Mixture. Chem Asian J 2013; 8:2096-101. [DOI: 10.1002/asia.201300215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2013] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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24
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O’Sullivan S, Arrigan DWM. Impact of a Surfactant on the Electroactivity of Proteins at an Aqueous–Organogel Microinterface Array. Anal Chem 2013; 85:1389-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac302222u] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shane O’Sullivan
- Nanochemistry Research
Institute, Department
of Chemistry, Curtin University, G.P.O. Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
| | - Damien W. M. Arrigan
- Nanochemistry Research
Institute, Department
of Chemistry, Curtin University, G.P.O. Box U1987, Perth, Western Australia 6845, Australia
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O'Sullivan S, Alvarez de Eulate E, Yuen YH, Helmerhorst E, Arrigan DWM. Stripping voltammetric detection of insulin at liquid–liquid microinterfaces in the presence of bovine albumin. Analyst 2013; 138:6192-6. [DOI: 10.1039/c3an01123b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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