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A Self-Referenced Diffraction-Based Optical Leaky Waveguide Biosensor Using Photofunctionalised Hydrogels. BIOSENSORS-BASEL 2020; 10:bios10100134. [PMID: 32987938 PMCID: PMC7601400 DOI: 10.3390/bios10100134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2020] [Revised: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We report a novel self-referenced diffraction-based leaky waveguide (LW) comprising a thin (~2 µm) film of a photofunctionalisable hydrogel created by covalent attachment of a biotinylated photocleavable linker to chitosan. Streptavidin attached to the chitosan via the photocleavable linker was selectively removed by shining 365 nm light through a photomask to create an array of strips with high and low loading of the protein, which served as sensor and reference regions respectively. The differential measurements between sensor and reference regions were used for measuring analytes (i.e., biotin protein A and IgG) while reducing environmental and non-specific effects. These include changes in temperature and sample composition caused by non-adsorbing and adsorbing species, leading to reduction in effects by ~98%, ~99%, and ~97% respectively compared to the absolute measurements. The novelty of this work lies in combining photofunctionalisable hydrogels with diffraction-based LWs for referencing. This is needed to realise the full potential of label-free optical biosensors to measure analyte concentrations in real samples that are complex mixtures, and to allow for sample analysis outside of laboratories where drifts and fluctuations in temperature are observed.
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Wang Y, Yan C, Li C, Lu Z, Ma C, Yan Y, Zhang Y. Charge Transfer Tuned by the Surrounding Dielectrics in TiO₂-Ag Composite Arrays. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2018; 8:E1019. [PMID: 30544495 PMCID: PMC6315537 DOI: 10.3390/nano8121019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2018] [Revised: 11/27/2018] [Accepted: 12/04/2018] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
TiO₂/Ag bilayer films sputtered onto a 2D polystyrene (PS) bead array in a magnetron sputtering system were found to form a nanocap-shaped nanostructure composed of a TiO₂-Ag composite on each PS bead, in which the Ag nanoparticles were trapped partially or fully in the TiO₂ matrix, depending on the TiO₂ thickness. X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (XPS) results showed the opposite shifts of binding energy for Ti 2p and Ag 3d, indicating the transfer of electrons from metallic Ag to TiO₂ owing to the Ag-O-TiO₂ composite formation. UV-Vis absorption spectra showed the blue shifts of the surface plasma resonance peaks, and the maximum absorption peak intensity was obtained for TiO₂ at 30 nm. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) peak intensity first increased and then decreased when the TiO₂ thickness changed. The observations of SERS, XPS, and UV-Vis absorption spectra were explained by the dependency of the charge-transfer process on TiO₂ thickness, which was ascribed to the changing dielectric properties in the metal/semiconductor system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaxin Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Chao Yan
- Zhonggong Education and Technology Co., Ltd., Changchun 130000, China.
| | - Chunxiang Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Ziyang Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Changchang Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yongsheng Yan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China.
| | - Yongjun Zhang
- College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
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Lago S, Nadai M, Rossetto M, Richter SN. Surface Plasmon Resonance kinetic analysis of the interaction between G-quadruplex nucleic acids and an anti-G-quadruplex monoclonal antibody. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2018. [PMID: 29524541 PMCID: PMC5988565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2018.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND G-quadruplexes (G4s) are nucleic acids secondary structures formed in guanine-rich sequences. Anti-G4 antibodies represent a tool for the direct investigation of G4s in cells. Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) is a highly sensitive technology, suitable for assessing the affinity between biomolecules. We here aimed at improving the orientation of an anti-G4 antibody on the SPR sensor chip to optimize detection of binding antigens. METHODS SPR was employed to characterize the anti-G4 antibody interaction with G4 and non-G4 oligonucleotides. Dextran-functionalized sensor chips were used both in covalent coupling and capturing procedures. RESULTS The use of two leading molecule for orienting the antibody of interest allowed to improve its activity from completely non-functional to 65% active. The specificity of the anti-G4 antobody for G4 structures could thus be assessed with high sensitivity and reliability. CONCLUSIONS Optimization of the immobilization protocol for SPR biosensing, allowed us to determine the anti-G4 antibody affinity and specificity for G4 antigens with higher sensitivity with respect to other in vitro assays such as ELISA. Anti-G4 antibody specificity is a fundamental assumption for the future utilization of this kind of antibodies for monitoring G4s directly in cells. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The heterogeneous orientation of amine-coupling immobilized ligands is a general problem that often leads to partial or complete inactivation of the molecules. Here we describe a new strategy for improving ligand orientation: driving it from two sides. This principle can be virtually applied to every molecule that loses its activity or is poorly immobilized after standard coupling to the SPR chip surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Lago
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Matteo Nadai
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Monica Rossetto
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy
| | - Sara N Richter
- Department of Molecular Medicine, University of Padua, via A. Gabelli 63, 35121 Padua, Italy.
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Cao C, Zhang Y, Jiang C, Qi M, Liu G. Advances on Aryldiazonium Salt Chemistry Based Interfacial Fabrication for Sensing Applications. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2017; 9:5031-5049. [PMID: 28124552 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b16108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Aryldiazonium salts as coupling agents for surface chemistry have evidenced their wide applications for the development of sensors. Combined with advances in nanomaterials, current trends in sensor science and a variety of particular advantages of aryldiazonium salt chemistry in sensing have driven the aryldiazonium salt-based sensing strategies to grow at an astonishing pace. This review focuses on the advances in the use of aryldiazonium salts for modifying interfaces in sensors and biosensors during the past decade. It will first summarize the current methods for modification of interfaces with aryldiazonium salts, and then discuss the sensing applications of aryldiazonium salts modified on different transducers (bulky solid electrodes, nanomaterials modified bulky solid electrodes, and nanoparticles). Finally, the challenges and perspectives that aryldiazonium salt chemistry is facing in sensing applications are critically discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chaomin Cao
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Yin Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Cheng Jiang
- Nuffield Department of Clinical Neurosciences, Department of Chemistry, University of Oxford , Oxford OX1 2JD, United Kingdom
| | - Meng Qi
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
| | - Guozhen Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University , Wuhan 430079, P. R. China
- ARC Centre of Excellence in Nanoscale BioPhotonics (CNBP), Department of Physics and Astronomy, Macquarie University , North Ryde 2109, Australia
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Identification of peptide inhibitors of penicillinase using a phage display library. Anal Biochem 2016; 494:4-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2015.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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TAKAHASHI Y, SUGA K, ISHIDA T, YAMADA S. Thermal and Chemical Stabilization of Silver Nanoplates for Plasmonic Sensor Application. ANAL SCI 2016; 32:275-80. [DOI: 10.2116/analsci.32.275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yukina TAKAHASHI
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University
| | - Koichi SUGA
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Takuya ISHIDA
- Department of Materials Physics and Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyushu University
| | - Sunao YAMADA
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Kyushu University
- Center for Future Chemistry, Kyushu University
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Zou Q, Kegel LL, Booksh KS. Electrografted Diazonium Salt Layers for Antifouling on the Surface of Surface Plasmon Resonance Biosensors. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2488-94. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504513a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiongjing Zou
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Laurel L. Kegel
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Karl S. Booksh
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Kegel LL, Boyne D, Booksh KS. Sensing with Prism-Based Near-Infrared Surface Plasmon Resonance Spectroscopy on Nanohole Array Platforms. Anal Chem 2014; 86:3355-64. [DOI: 10.1021/ac4035218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel L. Kegel
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Devon Boyne
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Karl S. Booksh
- Department of Chemistry and
Biochemistry, University of Delaware, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Kegel LL, Menegazzo N, Booksh KS. Adsorbate–Metal Bond Effect on Empirical Determination of Surface Plasmon Penetration Depth. Anal Chem 2013; 85:4875-83. [DOI: 10.1021/ac400006j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Laurel L. Kegel
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 002 Lammot Dupont Lab, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Nicola Menegazzo
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 002 Lammot Dupont Lab, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
| | - Karl S. Booksh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Delaware, 002 Lammot Dupont Lab, Newark, Delaware 19716, United States
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Couture M, Zhao SS, Masson JF. Modern surface plasmon resonance for bioanalytics and biophysics. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:11190-216. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp50281c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 133] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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