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Mayer DB, Franosch T, Mast C, Braun D. Thermophoresis beyond Local Thermodynamic Equilibrium. PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS 2023; 130:168202. [PMID: 37154655 DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.130.168202] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
We measure the thermophoresis of polysterene beads over a wide range of temperature gradients and find a pronounced nonlinear phoretic characteristic. The transition to the nonlinear behavior is marked by a drastic slowing down of thermophoretic motion and is characterized by a Péclet number of order unity as corroborated for different particle sizes and salt concentrations. The data follow a single master curve covering the entire nonlinear regime for all system parameters upon proper rescaling of the temperature gradients with the Péclet number. For low thermal gradients, the thermal drift velocity follows a theoretical linear model relying on the local-equilibrium assumption, while linear theoretical approaches based on hydrodynamic stresses, ignoring fluctuations, predict significantly slower thermophoretic motion for steeper thermal gradients. Our findings suggest that thermophoresis is fluctuation dominated for small gradients and crosses over to a drift-dominated regime for larger Péclet numbers in striking contrast to electrophoresis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel B Mayer
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 21A, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Thomas Franosch
- Institut für Theoretische Physik, Universität Innsbruck, Technikerstraße 21A, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Christof Mast
- Systems Biophysics, Physics Department, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Amalienstrasse 54, D-80799 München, Germany
| | - Dieter Braun
- Systems Biophysics, Physics Department, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Amalienstrasse 54, D-80799 München, Germany
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2
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Abstract
The optical manipulation of tiny objects is significant to understand and to explore the unknown in the microworld, which has found many applications in materials science and life science. Physically speaking, these technologies arise from direct or indirect optomechanical coupling to convert incident optical energy to mechanical energy of target objects, while their efficiency and functionalities are determined by the coupling behavior. Traditional optical tweezers stem from direct light-to-matter momentum transfer, and the generation of an optical gradient force requires high optical power and rigorous optics. As a comparison, the opto-thermophoretic manipulation techniques proposed recently originate from high-efficiency opto-thermomechanical coupling and feature low optical power. Through rational design of the light-generated temperature gradient and exploring the mechanical response of diverse targets to the temperature gradient, a variety of opto-thermophoretic techniques were developed, which exhibit broad applicability to a wide range of target objects from colloid materials to biological cells to biomolecules. In this review, we will discuss the underlying mechanism of thermophoresis in different liquid environments, the cutting-edge technological innovation, and their applications in colloidal science and life science. We also provide a brief outlook on the existing challenges and anticipate their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaofeng Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Linhan Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Hong-Bo Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments, Department of Precision Instrument, Tsinghua University, Haidian, Beijing 100084, China
- State Key Laboratory of Integrated Optoelectronics, College of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, China
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3
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Flemming P, Janke A, Simon F, Fery A, Münch AS, Uhlmann P. Multiresponsive Transitions of PDMAEMA Brushes for Tunable Surface Patterning. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:15283-15295. [PMID: 33306910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) (PDMAEMA) is an attractive polymer for switchable surface coatings based on its multiresponsiveness toward environmental triggers (temperature, pH-value, ionic strength). In this in situ study, we present the complex and tunable thermoresponsiveness of PDMAEMA Guiselin brushes (9 nm, dry thickness), which were prepared via an efficient grafting-to approach. Combining in situ atomic force microscopy (AFM) visualizing the surface topography (x-y plane) and spectroscopic ellipsometry monitoring the swelling behavior of the polymer film (layer thickness, z-direction) offers for the first time a three-dimensional insight into thermoresponsive transitions on the nanoscale. While PDMAEMA films exhibit LCST behavior in the presence of monovalent counterions, it can easily be switched toward an UCST thermoresponsiveness via the addition of small quantities of multivalent ions. In both cases, the transition temperature as well as the sharpness and reversibility of the transition can be tuned via a second external trigger, the ionic strength. Whereas homogeneous surfaces were observed both below and above the LCST in monovalent salt solutions, the UCST transition was characterized by the in situ formation of a nanostructured surface of pinned PDMAEMA micelles with entrapped multivalent counterions. Moreover, it was demonstrated for the first time that the characteristic dimensions of the nanopattern (the diameter and height of the pinned micelles) could be tuned in situ by the pH- and induced UCST thermoresponsiveness of PDMAEMA. This approach therefore provides a novel bottom-up strategy to create and control polymeric nanostructures in an aqueous environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Andreas Janke
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Frank Simon
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, Dresden 01062, Germany
| | - Alexander S Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V., Hohe Straße 6, Dresden 01069, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska 68588, United States
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4
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Flemming P, Müller M, Fery A, Münch AS, Uhlmann P. Mechanistic Investigation of the Counterion-Induced UCST Behavior of Poly(N,N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate) Polymer Brushes. Macromolecules 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.macromol.9b02666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Flemming
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Martin Müller
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Andreas Fery
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- Technische Universität Dresden, 01062 Dresden, Germany
| | - Alexander S. Münch
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
| | - Petra Uhlmann
- Leibniz-Institut für Polymerforschung Dresden e.V, Hohe Straße 6, 01069 Dresden, Germany
- University of Nebraska-Lincoln, 68588 Lincoln, Nebraska, United States
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5
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Liu R, Liu S, Hu G, Lindsey JS. Aqueous solubilization of hydrophobic tetrapyrrole macrocycles by attachment to an amphiphilic single-chain nanoparticle (SCNP). NEW J CHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/d0nj04413j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Snapping a heterotelechelic amphiphilic polymer onto a tetrapyrrole imparts aqueous solubility to the otherwise hydrophobic macrocycle as demonstrated for a chlorin, bacteriochlorin and phthalocyanine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Sijia Liu
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
| | - Gongfang Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- North Carolina State University
- Raleigh
- USA
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6
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Bou SJMC, Connolly AR, Ellis AV. High-throughput physicochemical analysis of thermoresponsive polymers. Polym Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c7py02066j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A novel high-throughput approach to rapidly measure the lower critical solution temperature, critical micelle concentration and critical micelle temperature of thermoresponsive polymers was developed and utilized to generate a physicochemical ‘MAP’ of a polymer series.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. J. M. C. Bou
- Flinders Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - A. R. Connolly
- Flinders Centre for Nanoscale Science and Technology
- Flinders University
- Australia
| | - A. V. Ellis
- School of Chemical and Biomedical Engineering
- University of Melbourne
- Parkville
- Australia
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7
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Bandyopadhyay S, Sharma A, Ashfaq Alvi MA, Raju R, Glomm WR. A robust method to calculate the volume phase transition temperature (VPTT) for hydrogels and hybrids. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra10258e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phase transition temperatures along with system reversibilities defined by a unique reversibility parameter have been developed in this study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sulalit Bandyopadhyay
- Ugelstad Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- N-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Anuvansh Sharma
- Ugelstad Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- N-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Muhammad Awais Ashfaq Alvi
- Ugelstad Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- N-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Rajesh Raju
- Department of Chemistry
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- N-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
| | - Wilhelm Robert Glomm
- Ugelstad Laboratory
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU)
- N-7491 Trondheim
- Norway
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8
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Ott W, Nicolaus T, Gaub HE, Nash MA. Sequence-Independent Cloning and Post-Translational Modification of Repetitive Protein Polymers through Sortase and Sfp-Mediated Enzymatic Ligation. Biomacromolecules 2016; 17:1330-8. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.5b01726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wolfgang Ott
- Center
for Integrated Protein Science Munich (CIPSM), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany
| | | | | | - Michael A. Nash
- Department
of Chemistry, University of Basel, 4056 Basel, Switzerland
- Department
of Biosystems Science and Engineering, Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule (ETH-Zürich), 4058 Basel, Switzerland
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9
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Wolff M, Mittag JJ, Herling TW, Genst ED, Dobson CM, Knowles TPJ, Braun D, Buell AK. Quantitative thermophoretic study of disease-related protein aggregates. Sci Rep 2016; 6:22829. [PMID: 26984748 PMCID: PMC4794802 DOI: 10.1038/srep22829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2015] [Accepted: 02/22/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Amyloid fibrils are a hallmark of a range of neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases. A detailed understanding of the physico-chemical properties of the different aggregated forms of proteins, and of their interactions with other compounds of diagnostic or therapeutic interest, is crucial for devising effective strategies against such diseases. Protein aggregates are situated at the boundary between soluble and insoluble structures, and are challenging to study because classical biophysical techniques, such as scattering, spectroscopic and calorimetric methods, are not well adapted for their study. Here we present a detailed characterization of the thermophoretic behavior of different forms of the protein α-synuclein, whose aggregation is associated with Parkinson's disease. Thermophoresis is the directed net diffusional flux of molecules and colloidal particles in a temperature gradient. Because of their low volume requirements and rapidity, analytical methods based on this effect have considerable potential for high throughput screening for drug discovery. In this paper we rationalize and describe in quantitative terms the thermophoretic behavior of monomeric, oligomeric and fibrillar forms of α-synuclein. Furthermore, we demonstrate that microscale thermophoresis (MST) is a valuable method for screening for ligands and binding partners of even such highly challenging samples as supramolecular protein aggregates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Manuel Wolff
- Systems Biophysics, Physics Department, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Amalienstr. 54, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Judith J Mittag
- Faculty of Physics and Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Ludwig Maximilians University, Geschwister-Scholl-Platz 1, 80539 Munich, Germany
| | - Therese W Herling
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Erwin De Genst
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Christopher M Dobson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Dieter Braun
- Systems Biophysics, Physics Department, Nanosystems Initiative Munich and Center for NanoScience, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Amalienstr. 54, 80799 München, Germany
| | - Alexander K Buell
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK
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10
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Narayanan A, Chandel S, Ghosh N, De P. Visualizing Phase Transition Behavior of Dilute Stimuli Responsive Polymer Solutions via Mueller Matrix Polarimetry. Anal Chem 2015; 87:9120-5. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b01794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Amal Narayanan
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical
Sciences, ‡Department of Physical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Shubham Chandel
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical
Sciences, ‡Department of Physical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Nirmalya Ghosh
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical
Sciences, ‡Department of Physical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
| | - Priyadarsi De
- Polymer Research Centre, Department of Chemical
Sciences, ‡Department of Physical
Sciences, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Kolkata, Mohanpur 741246, Nadia, West Bengal, India
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11
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Wang Y, Chen H, Han J, Wang L, Ni L, Wang T, Tang X. A novel cyclic non-ligand dual-cloud point extraction for the preconcentration of cadmium(ii) through pH regulation in food and environmental matrices. NEW J CHEM 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5nj01426c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Cd2+ was extracted through pH regulation instead of adding a complexant and the position of Cd2+ in the micelles was verified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
| | - Juan Han
- School of Food and Biological Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
| | - Lei Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
| | - Liang Ni
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Wang
- Yancheng Entry-Exit Inspection and Quarantine Bureau
- Yancheng 224000
- People's Republic of China
| | - Xu Tang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
- Jiangsu University
- Zhenjiang 212013
- People's Republic of China
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