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Ultrafast one-minute electronic detection of SARS-CoV-2 infection by 3CL pro enzymatic activity in untreated saliva samples. Nat Commun 2022; 13:6375. [PMID: 36289211 PMCID: PMC9605950 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-022-34074-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/12/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Since its onset in December 2019, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, SARS-CoV-2, has caused over 6.5 million deaths worldwide as of October 2022. Attempts to curb viral transmission rely heavily on reliable testing to detect infections since a large number of transmissions are carried through asymptomatic individuals. Many available detection methods fall short in terms of reliability or point-of-care applicability. Here, we report an electrochemical approach targeting a viral proteolytic enzyme, 3CLpro, as a marker of active infection. We detect proteolytic activity directly from untreated saliva within one minute of sample incubation using a reduction-oxidation pH indicator. Importantly, clinical tests of saliva samples from 50 subjects show accurate detection of SARS-CoV-2, with high sensitivity and specificity, validated by PCR testing. These, coupled with our platform's ultrafast detection, simplicity, low cost and point-of-care compatibility, make it a promising method for the real-world SARS-CoV-2 mass-screening.
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2
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Gu P, Lu Y, Li S, Ma C. A Label-Free Fluorescence Aptasensor Based on G-Quadruplex/Thioflavin T Complex for the Detection of Trypsin. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27186093. [PMID: 36144829 PMCID: PMC9503660 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27186093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Revised: 09/16/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
A novel, label-free fluorescent assay has been developed for the detection of trypsin by using thioflavin T as a fluorescent probe. A specific DNA aptamer can be combined by adding cytochrome c. Trypsin hydrolyzes the cytochrome c into small peptide fragments, exposing the G-quadruplex part of DNA aptamer, which has a high affinity for thioflavin T, which then enhances the fluorescence intensity. In the absence of trypsin, the fluorescence intensity was inhibited as the combination of cytochrome c and the DNA aptamer impeded thioflavin T’s binding. Thus, the fluorescent biosensor showed a linear relationship from 0.2 to 60 μg/mL with a detection limit of 0.2 μg/mL. Furthermore, the proposed method was also successfully employed for determining trypsin in biological samples. This method is simple, rapid, cheap, and selective and possesses great potential for the detection of trypsin in bioanalytical and biological samples and medical diagnoses.
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3
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Spagnolo S, Muckley ES, Ivanov IN, Hianik T. Analysis of trypsin activity at β-casein layers formed on hydrophobic surfaces using a multiharmonic acoustic method. Analyst 2022; 147:461-470. [PMID: 34989356 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01800k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Proteolysis of milk proteins, such as caseins, caused by milk proteases, can change the organoleptic and nutritional characteristics of milk, and therefore it is essential to monitor this enzymatic activity. We used trypsin as a model protease because of its role as a biomarker for pancreatitis. The aim of this work was to demonstrate the detection of proteolysis of β-casein by trypsin using a multiharmonic quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) biosensor. The β-casein layer was deposited from a 0.1 mg mL-1 solution on a hydrophobic surface consisting of a self-assembled monolayer of 1-dodecanethiol on the gold electrode of the QCM. The addition of an increasing concentration of trypsin leads to the removal of the casein layer due to proteolysis, and correlates with an increase in the resonant frequency of the QCM. We investigated the effect of trypsin concentrations (0.3-20 nM) on the kinetics of the proteolysis of β-casein and demonstrated that the frequency increase is proportional to the protease concentration. Consequently, an inverse Michaelis-Menten model was used to estimate the Michaelis-Menten constant (KM = 0.38 ± 0.02 nM) and the limit of detection (LOD = 0.16 ± 0.02 nM). The thickness, mass and viscoelastic properties of the protein adlayer after its formation and following the proteolytic cleavage were evaluated by means of multi-harmonic analysis. We found that β-casein is preferably adsorbed on the hydrophobic surfaces as an asymmetrical double layer, of which the innermost layer was found to be denser and thinner (about 2.37 nm) and the outermost layer was found to be less tightly bound and thicker (about 3.5 nm).
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandro Spagnolo
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.
| | - Eric S Muckley
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6496, USA
| | - Ilia N Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831-6496, USA
| | - Tibor Hianik
- Faculty of Mathematics, Physics and Informatics, Comenius University, Mlynska dolina F1, 842 48 Bratislava, Slovakia.
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4
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Bao Q, Lin D, Gao Y, Wu L, Fu J, Galaa K, Lin X, Lin L. Ultrasensitive off-on-off fluorescent nanosensor for protamine and trypsin detection based on inner-filter effect between N,S-CDs and gold nanoparticles. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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5
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Lv J, Yang W, Miao Y. Preparation of galactose oxidase functional phosphorescent quantum dots and detection of D-galactose. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 240:118599. [PMID: 32563030 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2020] [Revised: 06/04/2020] [Accepted: 06/06/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Environmental friendly nano biosensor can improve the detection performance of traditional biomolecular sensors and have important application value in practical applications. In this study, a kind of room temperature phosphorescence (RTP) quantum dots (QDs) (GOX RTP QDs) nanobiosensor was prepared by mineralization at room temperature (25 °C), using galactose oxidase (GOX) as template, which improved the catalytic ability of traditional GOx to D-Galactose. The specific enzyme substrate reaction between GOx and D-Galactose and photoinduced electron transfer (Piet) were used to detect the RTP of D-galactose. The linear range of D-galactose detection is 0.02-0.8 mM, and the detection limit of the method is 0.008 mM. This method is based on the RTP property of QDs, which can effectively avoid the interference of background fluorescence of biological samples, and does not need complex sample pretreatment process. Therefore, this method is more suitable for the quantitative detection of D-Galactose in biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhi Lv
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China.
| | - Wenli Yang
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
| | - Yanming Miao
- Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, PR China
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6
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Hu Q, Bao Y, Gan S, Zhang Y, Han D, Niu L. Electrochemically controlled grafting of polymers for ultrasensitive electrochemical assay of trypsin activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2020; 165:112358. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2020.112358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 05/26/2020] [Accepted: 06/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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7
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Patel J, Jain B, Singh AK, Susan MABH, Jean-Paul L. Mn-Doped ZnS Quantum dots–An Effective Nanoscale Sensor. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.104755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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8
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A novel peptide-based electrochemical biosensor for the determination of a metastasis-linked protease in pancreatic cancer cells. Anal Bioanal Chem 2020; 412:6177-6188. [PMID: 31989193 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-020-02418-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2019] [Revised: 01/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Proteases are involved in cancer' taking part in immune (dis)regulation, malignant progression and tumour growth. Recently, it has been found that expression levels of one of the members of the serine protease family, trypsin, is upregulated in human cancer cells of several organs, being considered as a specific cancer biomarker. Considering the great attention that electrochemical peptide sensors have nowadays, in this work, we propose a novel electroanalytical strategy for the determination of this important biomolecule. It implies the immobilization of a short synthetic peptide sequence, dually labelled with fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC) and biotin, onto neutravidin-modified magnetic beads (MBs), followed by the peptide digestion with trypsin. Upon peptide disruption, the modified MBs were incubated with a specific fluorescein Fab fragment antibody labelled with horseradish peroxidase (HRP-antiFITC) and magnetically captured on the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE), where amperometric detection was performed using the hydroquinone (HQ)/HRP/H2O2 system. The biosensor exhibited a good reproducibility of the measurements (RSD 3.4%, n = 10), and specificity against other proteins and proteases commonly found in biological samples. This work reports the first quantitative data so far on trypsin expression in human cell lysates. The developed bioplatform was used for the direct determination of this protease in lysates from pancreatic cancer, cervix carcinoma and kidney cells in only 3 h and 30 min using low amounts (~ 0.1 μg) of raw extracts. Graphical abstract.
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Zhou R, Li Y, Xiao D, Li T, Zhang T, Fu W, Lin Y. Hyaluronan-directed fabrication of co-doped hydroxyapatite as a dual-modal probe for tumor-specific bioimaging. J Mater Chem B 2020; 8:2107-2114. [PMID: 32068216 DOI: 10.1039/c9tb02787d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Hyaluronan-directed fabrication of Eu/Ba co-doped hydroxyapatite nanocrystals with recognition capability for dual-modal bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ronghui Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Yanjing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Dexuan Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Ting Li
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Tao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
| | - Wei Fu
- Department of Neurosurgery
- West China Hospital of Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610000
- P. R. China
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases
- National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases
- West China Hospital of Stomatology
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610041
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10
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Miao Y, Sun X, Lv J, Yan G. Preparation of Single-Stranded DNA-Templated Room-Temperature Phosphorescent Quantum Dots and Their Application for Mercury(II) Detection in Environmental and Biological Fluids. Anal Chem 2019; 91:5036-5042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Miao
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, P. R. China
| | - Jinzhi Lv
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, P. R. China
| | - Guiqin Yan
- School of Life Science, Shanxi Normal University, Linfen 041004, P. R. China
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11
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Liu Y, Mao G, Wang W, Tian S, Ji X, Liu M, He Z. In situ synthesis of photoluminescence-quenching nanopaper for rapid and robust detection of pathogens and proteins. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2660-2663. [PMID: 30742193 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09991j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
A green and facile method is presented for in situ synthesis of a novel photoluminescence-quenching nanopaper with a highly-efficient quenching ability, rapid reaction time and long-term storage. The as-prepared nanopaper is further used to construct an aptasensor platform with high performance, rapidness and robustness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yucheng Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Biology and Medicine (Ministry of Education), College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
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12
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Miao Y, Sun X, Lv J, Yan G. -Phosphorescent Mesoporous Surface Imprinting Microspheres: Preparation and Application for Transferrin Recognition from Biological Fluids. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:2264-2272. [PMID: 30589250 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b17772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The relationship between the thickness of surface molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) and specific recognition performance of transferrin (Trf) as well as the quantitative relation between the grafting amount of Mn-ZnS room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) quantum dots (QDs) (short for PQDs) and RTP signals for recognition of Trf was analyzed in this study. Based on analysis results, RTP protein mesoporous imprinting microspheres (SiO2-PQDs-MIPs) with high specificity and strong interference resistance were developed using a mesoporous SiO2 nanomaterial that can create more three-dimensional precise recognition sites as the matrix and using PQDs with strong resistance to background fluorescence interference as the luminescent materials. A discriminatory analysis of Trf was realized by the phosphorescence quenching principle based on light quenching caused by the photoinduced electron transfer. The concentration range, limit of detection, relative standard deviation, and imprinting factor of Trf detection under pH 7.4 are 0.05-1.0 μM, 0.014 μM, 3.23%, and 3.09, respectively. Although the sensing signals of SiO2-PQDs-MIPs for proteins are based on the phosphorescence of PQDs, they are particularly suitable for specific recognition and accurate quantitative detection of proteins in biological fluids. Research conclusions are expected to realize high-efficiency recognition of target proteins in actual biological samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanming Miao
- Shanxi Normal University , Linfen 041004 , P. R. China
| | - Xiaojie Sun
- Shanxi Normal University , Linfen 041004 , P. R. China
| | - Jinzhi Lv
- Shanxi Normal University , Linfen 041004 , P. R. China
| | - Guiqin Yan
- Shanxi Normal University , Linfen 041004 , P. R. China
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13
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Abstract
Proteases play a pivotal role in regulating important physiological processes from food digestion to blood clotting. They are also important biomarkers for many diseases such as cancers. The importance of proteases has led to extensive efforts in the screening of proteases and their inhibitors as potential drug molecules. For example, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) patients have been treated with HIV-1 protease inhibitors to prolong the life expectancy of patients. Such a close relationship between diseases and proteases provides a strong motivation for developing sensitive, selective, and robust protease assays and sensors, which can be exploited to discover new proteases and inhibitors. In this aspect, protease assays based on levels of proteolytic activities are more relevant than protease affinity assays such as immunoassays. In this review, recent developments of protease activity assays based on different detection principles are discussed and compared. For homogenous assays, fluorescence-based techniques are the most popular due to their high sensitivity and quantitative results. However, homogeneous assays have limited multiplex sensing capabilities. In contrast, heterogeneous assays can be employed to detect multiple proteases simultaneously, given the microarray technology that is already available. Among them, electrochemical methods, surface spectroscopy techniques, and enzyme-linked peptide protease assays are commonly used. Finally, recent developments in liquid crystal (LC)-based protease assays and their applications for detecting proteases and their inhibitors are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Kun-Lin Yang
- National University of Singapore, 4 Engineering Drive 4, Singapore 117585.
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14
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Zhou R, Sun S, Li C, Wu L, Hou X, Wu P. Enriching Mn-Doped ZnSe Quantum Dots onto Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for Enhanced Fluorescence/Magnetic Resonance Imaging Dual-Modal Bio-Imaging. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2018; 10:34060-34067. [PMID: 30211537 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b14554] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Multimodal imaging is more suitable for disease diagnosis because of its ability to provide more complementary and accurate information over single-mode imaging. Mn-doped quantum dots (QDs), especially Mn-doped ZnS (ZnSe) QDs, possess unique fluorescent and magnetic properties and are thus attractive for fluorescence/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dual-mode imaging. However, the optimal dopant (Mn2+) concentration for maximizing the fluorescence of QDs is relatively low for the MRI imaging. Herein, based on the large Stokes shift of Mn-doped ZnSe QDs, an enrichment strategy with mesoporous silica (MSN) loading was explored for constructing a highly luminescent/paramagnetism Mn-doped ZnSe QDs assembly (MSN@QDs) for improved MRI/optical dual-model imaging. After assembly, the loading density of QDs in MSNs was estimated to be 152 ± 12. Upon loading, the fluorescence of the MSN@QDs assembly was enriched along with QDs (enrichment factor of ∼143). Because of the large Stokes shift (∼200 nm), no appreciable concentration quenching was observed. Meanwhile, the T1 MR contrast was also increased both in vitro and in vivo through improved local Mn2+ concentration, realizing MRI signal enrichment. In fluorescence imaging investigations, MSN@QDs showed better performance over both single QDs and equivalent numbers of MSN-free single QD. Therefore, this enrichment strategy allowed simultaneous signal enhancement of the two imaging modes of Mn-doped ZnSe QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Shaokai Sun
- School of Medical Imaging , Tianjin Medical University , Tianjin 300203 , China
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15
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Xue F, Qu F, Han W, Xia L, You J. Aggregation-induced emission enhancement of gold nanoclusters triggered by silicon nanoparticles for ratiometric detection of protamine and trypsin. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1046:170-178. [PMID: 30482296 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.09.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2018] [Revised: 09/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Metal nanoclusters protected by glutathione (GSH) have attracted a wide attention due to the unique aggregation-induced emission (AIE) feature. However, the "trigger" effects of ethanol, temperature, pH values, and metal ions may restrict the application of these particles. In this work, the amino modified silicon nanoparticles (SiNPs) and GSH-capped gold nanoclusters (GSH-AuNCs) can self-assemble into well-defined spherical particles due to the electrostatic interaction. As a result, the unique aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) of GSH-AuNCs arises at 570 nm, and the SiNPs keep their own blue fluorescence at 450 nm, so a novel nanohybrid probe (SiNPs@GSH-AuNCs) with dual-emission property has been constructed. When protamine is added to SiNPs@GSH-AuNCs, the cationic protamine can compete with SiNPs and absorb onto the surface of GSH-AuNCs, which inhibits the self-assembly and leads to the fluorescence quenching of GSH-AuNCs; while trypsin can catalyze the hydrolysis of protamine, the self-assembly starts again, producing the AIEE recovery. In the whole process, the SiNPs act as an internal standard and their emission stays constant. By means of the fluorescence intensity ratios I570/I450, the linear range of protamine is from 0.15 to 3.00 μg mL-1 with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.07 μg mL-1, and trypsin shows a linear response in the range from 10 to 100 ng mL-1 with LOD of 4.50 ng mL-1. Furthermore, this strategy exhibits good sensitivity and selectivity, and has been further validated by applying it for the determination of protamine and trypsin in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangfang Xue
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Fei Qu
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China.
| | - Wenli Han
- Laboratory Animal Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lian Xia
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China
| | - Jinmao You
- The Key Laboratory of Life-Organic Analysis, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China; Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Intermediates and Analysis of Natural Medicine, Qufu Normal University, Qufu, 273165, Shandong, China; Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, 810001, China
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16
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Poly(styrene-4-sulfonate)-protected copper nanoclusters as a fluorometric probe for sequential detection of cytochrome c and trypsin. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:383. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2920-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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17
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Zhang J, Tang D, Yao Y, Hou X, Wu P. Aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement of Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots: the role of dot-to-dot distance. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:9236-9244. [PMID: 29726567 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr02151a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Assembled nanoparticles promote many applications in optics due to their instinct properties. The aggregation-induced phosphorescence enhancement (AIPE) of Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs) is widely used in biosensing, but the mechanism of such an enhancement is still unproven. This study explores the mechanism of the interesting finding of AIPE of Mn-doped ZnS QDs. To induce the aggregation of QDs, the method of electrostatic assembly was explored herein: negatively charged QDs were aggregated with protamine and positively charged QDs were aggregated with heparin. Using several ligands with hierarchical molecular weights for capping Mn-doped ZnS QDs, it was found that the AIPE of Mn-doped ZnS QDs was exponentially dependent on the dot-to-dot distance in aggregates. Together with detailed analysis of both the steady- and transient-state luminescence behaviors of Mn-doped ZnS QDs before and after aggregation, charge transfer from one dot (surface traps) to another (dopant bands) was identified as the driving factor for AIPE. Moreover, the d-band of the Mn2+ dopants was essential for the AIPE since it acts as the acceptor for the transferred charge from neighboring QDs. These conclusions can significantly contribute for better understanding of this interesting luminescence mechanism and future designing of the most suitable sensing systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China.
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18
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Jing W, Lu Y, Wang F, He L, Sun J, Liu Y. Time-resolved determination of Fe(II) ions using cysteine-bridged Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots as a phosphorimetric probe. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:298. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2813-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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19
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Yan H, Gao Q, Liu Y, Ren W, Shangguan J, Yang X, Li K. Poly(β-cyclodextrin) enhanced fluorescence coupled with specific reaction for amplified detection of GSH and trypsin activity. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj04325f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Schematic illustration of the construction process of a specific-reaction assay coupled with βCDP-induced signal amplification platform.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huijuan Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Qinghe Gao
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Yufei Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Wu Ren
- Xinxiang Neurosense and Control Engineering Technology Center, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | | | - Xue Yang
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
| | - Keke Li
- School of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University
- Xinxiang
- P. R. China
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20
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Tang D, Zhang J, Zhou R, Xie YN, Hou X, Xu K, Wu P. Phosphorescent inner filter effect-based sensing of xanthine oxidase and its inhibitors with Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots. NANOSCALE 2018; 10:8477-8482. [PMID: 29694472 DOI: 10.1039/c8nr01355a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Large bandgap semiconductor ZnS QDs (Mn-doped) were explored for inner filter effect-based sensing of xanthine oxidase and its inhibitors, due to the maximum spectral overlap between the absorption of uric acid (the enzymatic product of xanthine oxidase) and the excitation of Mn-doped ZnS QDs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Tang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Jinyi Zhang
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Rongxin Zhou
- Biliary Surgical Department
- West China Hospital
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Ya-Ni Xie
- Analytical & Testing Center
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
- Analytical & Testing Center
| | - Kailai Xu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Chemistry
- Sichuan University
- Chengdu 610064
- China
- Analytical & Testing Center
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21
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Zhang J, Lu X, Lei Y, Hou X, Wu P. Exploring the tunable excitation of QDs to maximize the overlap with the absorber for inner filter effect-based phosphorescence sensing of alkaline phosphatase. NANOSCALE 2017; 9:15606-15611. [PMID: 28990619 DOI: 10.1039/c7nr03673f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The inner filter effect (IFE) is an effective way for fluorescence modulation and thus has been extensively explored for the development of fluorescence assays. Theoretically, the key to maximize the sensitivity of IFE-based fluorescence assays is to enlarge the overlap between the absorption of the absorber and the excitation/emission of the fluorophore. Therefore, in this work, the tunable excitation of quantum dots (QDs) was explored for screening of the IFE pair having the best IFE-based assay sensitivity. A series of QDs, including CdTe QDs with different sizes, carbon dots, Cu-doped CdS QDs, and Mn-doped ZnS QDs, were investigated. PNPP (p-nitrophenylphosphate) was chosen as the absorber since its absorption overlapped with the above QDs. Besides, it can be catalytically converted to p-nitrophenol (PNP) by alkaline phosphatase (ALP) together with an absorption spectrum change (red-shift). Interestingly, it was found that the IFE efficiency of different PNPP-QD pairs increased almost linearly with the corresponding spectral overlap, and Mn-doped ZnS QDs were eventually chosen for the IFE assay of ALP because of the maximum spectral overlap and thus the best sensitivity. A simple and sensitive turn-on phosphorescence ALP assay was developed, with a detection limit of 4 × 10-4 U L-1. Because of the high sensitivity, we also found that ALP of different origins possessed different enzymatic activities. The developed ALP phosphorescence assay was successfully employed for the analysis of ALP in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
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22
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Zhou R, Lu X, Yu H, Wu L, Wu P, Hou X. Se powder as precursor without solubilization for Mn-doped ZnSe QDs: Fast synthesis and analytical characterization. Microchem J 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2017.06.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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23
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Miao Y, Lv J, Yan G. Hybrid detection of target sequence DNA based on phosphorescence resonance energy transfer. Biosens Bioelectron 2017; 94:263-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2017.03.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Revised: 02/26/2017] [Accepted: 03/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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24
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Wu M, Wang X, Wang K, Guo Z. An ultrasensitive fluorescent nanosensor for trypsin based on upconversion nanoparticles. Talanta 2017; 174:797-802. [PMID: 28738656 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.07.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2017] [Revised: 06/19/2017] [Accepted: 07/01/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Trypsin and its inhibitors are relevant to many physiological processes and diseases. In this study, a nanosensor capable of detecting trypsin and its inhibitors was designed based on the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between upconversion nanoparticle (UCNP) and gold nanoparticle (AuNP). UCNP and AuNP were linked by a trypsin-sensitive peptide DDDDARC, forming the non-fluorescent UCNP-peptide-AuNP nanosensor. In the presence of trypsin, the peptide was cleaved and the quenched fluorescence was restored; in the presence of trypsin inhibitors, the recovery of the fluorescence was decreased. The nanosensor showed a superb sensitivity and selectivity for trypsin and its inhibitors, with a detection limit of 4.15ngmL-1 for trypsin. UCNP-peptide-AuNP could eliminate the interference of background fluorescence and avoid the light toxicity, and potentially be used to diagnose trypsin-related diseases or screen trypsin inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingmin Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Xiaoyong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
| | - Kun Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China
| | - Zijian Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Coordination Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, PR China.
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25
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Silver triangular nanoplates as an high efficiently FRET donor-acceptor of upconversion nanoparticles for ultrasensitive "Turn on-off" protamine and trypsin sensor. Talanta 2017; 174:148-155. [PMID: 28738561 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2017.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/02/2017] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
Silver triangular nanoplates (STNPs) as a high efficient fluorescence quenching reagent of upconversion nanoparticles (UCNPs) was used to constract a novel label-free fluorescence nanosensor for ultrasensitive detection of protamine and trypsin based on fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) between STNPs and UCNPs. In this assay, the negatively charged STNPs can bind with positively charged UCNPs through electrostatic interaction, and then quenched the fluorescence of UCNPs. When protamine was added to the mixture of UCNPs-STNPs, the STNPs interacted with protamine and then detached from the surface of UCNPs and aggregated, which result in the recovery of the fluorescence of UCNPs. Trypsin could catalyze the hydrolysis of protamine and effectively quench the fluorescence recovered by protamine. By measuring the changes of the fluorescence of UCNPs, the concentrations of protamine and trypsin were determined. Under the optimized conditions, the linear response range was obtained from 10 to 500ng/mL, 5-80ng/mL and with the low detection limit of 3.1ng/mL and 1.8ng/mL for protamine and trypsin, respectively. Meanwhile, the nanosensor shows good selectivity, sensitivity and can be successfully applied to detection of protamine and trypsin in serum samples.
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26
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Qin J, Li D, Miao Y, Yan G. Detection of phosphate based on phosphorescence of Mn doped ZnS quantum dots combined with cerium(iii). RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra07991e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A simple and rapid room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) sensor for phosphate detection was developed on the basis of Ce3+ modulated mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)-capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (QDs).
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Qin
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen
- China
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27
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Liu W, Li H, Wei Y, Dong C. A label-free phosphorescence sensing platform for trypsin based on Mn-ZnS QDs. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra03349d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
A label-free phosphorescence strategy to determine trypsin was proposed using Mn-ZnS QDs as the phosphorescence probe with a better validity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Liu
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
- College of Environmental & Resource Sciences
| | - Huanhuan Li
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Yanli Wei
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- Institute of Environmental Science
- Shanxi University
- Taiyuan
- P. R. China
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28
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A convenient “turn on-off” phosphorescent nanosensor for detection of biotin based on quantum dots/CTAB. Chem Res Chin Univ 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s40242-016-6219-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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29
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Hu J, Liu F, Feng N, Ju H. Peptide codes for multiple protease activity assay via high-resolution mass spectrometric quantitation. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2016; 30 Suppl 1:196-201. [PMID: 27539438 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.7631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Nan Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
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30
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Chen J, Zhu Y, Zhang Y. Glutathione-capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots as a room-temperature phosphorescence sensor for the detection of Pb(2+) ions. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2016; 164:98-102. [PMID: 27085295 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2016.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2015] [Revised: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) of glutathione-capped Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots (GSH-Mn-ZnS QDs) was effectively quenched by the addition of Pb(2+). A simple and sensitive RTP sensor for Pb(2+) detection based on the quenching effect was developed. Under the optimal conditions, good linear correlations were obtained for Pb(2+) over a concentration range from 1.0 to 100μg·L(-1), and the detection limit was 0.45μg·L(-1). The established method has been successfully applied for the determination of Pb(2+) in real water samples without complicated sample pretreatment with the recoveries in the range of 95.4%-104.0%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jialing Chen
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yaxian Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Key Laboratory of Spectrochemical Analysis & Instrumentation, Ministry of Education, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361005, China
| | - Yong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science of China (Xiamen University), College of Environment and Ecology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361102, China; Zhangzhou Institute of Technology, Zhangzhou 363000, China.
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31
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He H, Li C, Tian Y, Wu P, Hou X. Phosphorescent Differential Sensing of Physiological Phosphates with Lanthanide Ions-Modified Mn-Doped ZnCdS Quantum Dots. Anal Chem 2016; 88:5892-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b00780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hengwei He
- College of Chemistry and ‡Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Chenghui Li
- College of Chemistry and ‡Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yunfei Tian
- College of Chemistry and ‡Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Peng Wu
- College of Chemistry and ‡Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Xiandeng Hou
- College of Chemistry and ‡Analytical & Testing Center, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610064, China
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32
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Akshath US, Bhatt P. Tunneling of redox enzymes to design nano-probes for monitoring NAD(+) dependent bio-catalytic activity. Biosens Bioelectron 2016; 85:240-246. [PMID: 27179565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2016.05.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2016] [Revised: 05/01/2016] [Accepted: 05/02/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Monitoring of bio-catalytic events by using nano-probes is of immense interest due to unique optical properties of metal nanoparticles. In the present study, tunneling of enzyme activity was achieved using redox cofactors namely oxidized cytochrome-c (Cyt-c) and Co-enzyme-Q (Co-Q) immobilized on Quantum dots (QDs) which acted as a bio-probe for NAD(+) dependent dehydrogenase catalyzed reaction. We studied how electron transfer from substrate to non-native electron acceptors can differentially modify photoluminescence properties of CdTe QDs. Two probes were designed, QD-Ox-Cyt-c and QD-Ox-Co-Q, which were found to quench the fluorescence of QDs. However, formaldehyde dehydrogenase (FDH) catalyzed reduction of Cyt-c and Co-Q on the surface of QDs lead to fluorescence turn-on of CdTe QDs. This phenomenon was successfully used for the detection of HCHO in the range of 0.01-100,000ng/mL (LOD of 0.01ng/mL) using both QD-Ox-Cyt-c (R(2)=0.93) and QD-Ox-Co-Q (R(2)=0.96). Further probe performance and stability in samples like milk, wine and fruit juice matrix were studied and we could detect HCHO in range of 0.001-100,000ng/mL (LOD of 0.001ng/mL) with good stability and sensitivity of probe in real samples (R(2)=0.97). Appreciable recovery and detection sensitivity in the presence of metal ions suggests that the developed nano-probes can be used successfully for monitoring dehydrogenase based bio-catalytic events even in the absence of NAD(+). Proposed method is advantageous over classical methods as clean up/ derivatization of samples is not required for formaldehyde detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Uchangi Satyaprasad Akshath
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, India; Microbiology & Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, India
| | - Praveena Bhatt
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, India; Microbiology & Fermentation Technology Department, CSIR-Central Food Technological Research Institute (CFTRI), Mysuru 570020, India.
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33
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Miao Y, Yang M, Yan G. Self-assembly of phosphorescent quantum dots/boronic-acid-substituted viologen nanohybrids based on photoinduced electron transfer for glucose detection in aqueous solution. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra19911e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
We synthesized boronic-acid-substituted viologens (BBV) and designed a glucose sensor based on room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) quantum dots (QDs) and BBV.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Guiqin Yan
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041004
- PR China
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34
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Abstract
At this post-genomic era, the focus of life science research has shifted from life genetic information to general biofunctions. Biomolecular sensors based on QDs will play an important role in the identification and detection of biomolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Jinzhi Lv
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041004
- PR China
| | - Yan Li
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041004
- PR China
| | - Guiqin Yan
- Shanxi Normal University
- Linfen 041004
- PR China
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35
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Tao J, Zhao P, Zeng Q. The determination of cystatin C in serum based on label-free and near-infrared light emitted PbS@BSA QDs. J Mater Chem B 2016; 4:4258-4262. [DOI: 10.1039/c6tb00080k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
(A) The synthesis of PbS@BSA QDs. (B) The detection mechanism of cystatin C based on protease digestion to BSA and its specific inhibition effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Tao
- School of Chemistry and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Peng Zhao
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences
- Southern Medical University
- Guangzhou
- China
| | - Qiang Zeng
- School of Chemistry and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou
- China
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36
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Zhang L, Du J. A sensitive and label-free trypsin colorimetric sensor with cytochrome c as a substrate. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 79:347-52. [PMID: 26724537 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.12.070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2015] [Revised: 12/04/2015] [Accepted: 12/20/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The development of simple and sensitive methods for protease sensing plays important roles in clinical diagnostics and drug development. Here a simple, rapid, label-free, and sensitive trypsin colorimetric sensor was developed by employing cytochrome c (cyt c) as an enzyme substrate and 3,3´,5,5´-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) as a chromogenic reagent. It was found that cyt c hardly catalyzes H2O2-mediated TMB oxidation to produce a blue solution. But the hydrolysate of cyt c by trypsin displays an intense catalytic effect on the aforementioned reaction, resulting in the formation of a blue solution immediately. The detection process allows visually perceiving as low as 50 ng/mL trypsin with the naked eyes. With the aid of a spectrophotometer, the absorbance at 652 nm was proportional to the concentration of trypsin in the range from 5.0 ng/mL to 2.0 μg/mL with a detection limit of 4.5 ng/mL. The sensor showed better precision with relative standard deviation of 2.5% and 1.7% for eleven repetitive measurements of 50.0 ng/mL and 1.0 μg/mL trypsin solution, respectively. The procedure has been successfully applied to the determination of trypsin in human urines and for inhibitor screening, demonstrating its potential application in clinic diagnosis and drug development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lufeng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Jianxiu Du
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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37
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Sun J, Yang X. Gold nanoclusters–Cu2+ ensemble-based fluorescence turn-on and real-time assay for acetylcholinesterase activity and inhibitor screening. Biosens Bioelectron 2015; 74:177-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2015.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2015] [Revised: 05/29/2015] [Accepted: 06/09/2015] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
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38
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Zhang J, Zhu A, Zhao T, Wu L, Wu P, Hou X. Glucose oxidase-directed, instant synthesis of Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots in neutral media with retained enzymatic activity: mechanistic study and biosensing application. J Mater Chem B 2015; 3:5942-5950. [PMID: 32262650 DOI: 10.1039/c5tb00917k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Protein-directed synthesis of quantum dots (QDs) is a "greener" alternative to the current high-temperature and aqueous synthetic protocols, which provide water-soluble, biocompatible protein-functionalized QDs in one-pot. However, the protein activity in such synthetic schemes is a critical issue, since the synthetic conditions (for instance, high pH of the precursors, long time of synthesis, and disruption of disulfide bonds) are not suitable for retaining the activity (especially for enzymes). Herein, we present a facile and instant glucose oxidase (GOD)-directed strategy for the preparation of highly luminescent, phosphorescent Mn-doped ZnS (Mn-ZnS) QDs in one-step at room temperature and in neutral aqueous media. With such mild synthetic conditions, the enzymatic activity of GOD was totally retained. Furthermore, we also carried out GOD-directed synthesis of QDs with several other conditions that are reported in the literature. It turned out that the GOD enzymatic activity under these synthetic conditions was lower than that of the proposed protocol, indicating that mild synthetic conditions are the prerequisite for retaining the enzymatic activity. Importantly, the as-prepared GOD-mediated Mn-ZnS QDs exhibited high photostability, high salt tolerance and colloidal stability, and can be stored for months at 4 °C or 25 °C without changing their phosphorescent intensity and enzymatic activity. Via selective chemical modification, the exact functional groups (amino acid residues) of GOD in directing the synthesis of Mn-ZnS QDs were studied in detail. It turned out to be imidazole in histidine residues but not thiol in cysteine residues that directed the formation of Mn-ZnS QDs, and this was further confirmed with several other proteins for synthesis of Mn-ZnS QDs. The as-prepared GOD-capped Mn-ZnS QDs were employed as phosphorescent probes for background-free sensing of glucose in serum samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinyi Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, P. R. China
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39
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Hu J, Liu F, Ju H. Peptide Code-on-a-Microplate for Protease Activity Analysis via MALDI-TOF Mass Spectrometric Quantitation. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4409-14. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b00230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Junjie Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Fei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huangxian Ju
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical
Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People’s Republic of China
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