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Zhang Y, Zhang Y, Zhang L, Liu Y. Oriented immobilization of nanobodies using SpyCatcher/SpyTag significantly enhances the capacity of affinity chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1730:465107. [PMID: 38905946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.465107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024]
Abstract
The use of nanobodies (Nbs) in affinity chromatography for biomacromolecule purification is gaining popularity. However, high-performance Nb-based affinity resins are not readily available, mainly due to the lack of suitable immobilization methods. In this study, we explored an autocatalytic coupling strategy based on the SpyCatcher/SpyTag chemistry to achieve oriented immobilization of Nb ligands. To facilitate this approach, a variant cSpyCatcher003 (cSC003) was coupled onto agarose microspheres, providing a specific attachment site for SpyTagged nanobody ligands. The cSC003 easily purified from Escherichia coli through a two-step procedure, exhibits exceptional alkali resistance and structural recovery capability, highlighting its robustness as a linker in the coupling strategy. To validate the effectiveness of cSC003-derivatized support, we employed VHSA, a nanobody against human serum albumin (HSA), as the model ligand. Notably, the immobilization of SpyTagged VHSA onto the cSC003-derivatized support was achieved with a coupling efficiency of 90 %, significantly higher than that of traditional thiol-based coupling method. This improvement directly correlated to the preservation of the native conformation of nanobodies during the coupling process. In addition, the Spy-immobilized resin demonstrated better performance in the binding capacity, with a 3-fold improvement in capture efficiency, underscoring the advantages of the Spy immobilization strategy for oriented immobilization of VHSA ligands. Moreover, online purification and immobilization of SpyTagged VHSA from crude bacterial lysate was achieved using the cSC003-derivatized support. The resulting resin exhibited high binding specificity towards HSA, yielding a purity above 95 % directly from human serum, and maintained good stability throughout multiple purification cycles. These findings highlight the potential of the Spy immobilization strategy for developing Nb-based affinity chromatographic materials, with significant implications for biopharmaceutical downstream processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China
| | - Luyao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, PR China
| | - Yongdong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, PR China.
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2
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Tang F, Wang Y, Wang D, Yang Y, Chang J, Sun H, Gu S, He J. Streptavidin-biotin system-mediated immobilization of a bivalent nanobody onto magnetosomes for separation and analysis of 3-phenoxybenzoic acid in urine. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2024; 16:1546-1553. [PMID: 38404205 DOI: 10.1039/d4ay00026a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
The compound 3-phenoxybenzoic acid (3-PBA) is frequently utilized as a biomarker to detect exposure to various pyrethroids. In this study, a bivalent nanobody (Nb2) specifically targeting 3-PBA was biotinylated and immobilized onto streptavidin (SA)-modified bacterial magnetic nanoparticles (BMPs), resulting in the formation of BMP-SA-Biotin-Nb2 complexes. These complexes demonstrated remarkable stability when exposed to strongly acidic solutions (4 M HCl), methanol (80%), and high ionic strength (1.37 M NaCl). An immunoassay was subsequently developed utilizing BMP-SA-Biotin-Nb2 as the capture agent and 3-PBA-horseradish peroxidase as the detection probe. The immunoassay exhibited an IC50 value (half-maximum signal inhibition concentration) of 1.11 ng mL-1 for 3-PBA. To evaluate the accuracy of the assay, spiked sheep and cow urine samples (ranging from 3.0 to 240 ng mL-1) were analyzed. The quantitative recoveries ranged from 82.5% to 113.1%, which agreed well with the findings obtained using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Overall, the BMP-SA-Biotin-Nb2-based immunoassay holds great promise for rapid monitoring of 3-PBA following acid dissociation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Yating Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Di Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Yayun Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Jiashu Chang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Huabo Sun
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Shaopeng Gu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
| | - Jinxin He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taigu, Shanxi 030801, P. R. China.
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Liu C, Liu J, Chen Y, Jiang D, Lin H, Cao L, Wang K, Sui J. Efficient Hapten-Specific Biopanning Strategy Based on the Fe 3O 4@ENR-Functionalized Core-Shell Magnetic Nanoparticles. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2023; 39:14586-14594. [PMID: 37792480 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c01803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/06/2023]
Abstract
The biopanning of target-specific phages is one of the most critical steps in the preparation of single-domain antibodies. In the traditional biopanning of haptens, the nonspecific binding of library phages to macromolecular proteins is one of the most challenging problems in preparing single-domain antibodies. In this research, Fe3O4@ENR-functionalized core-shell magnetic nanoparticles (FMNPs) were silylated and aminated by tetraethyl orthosilicate and (3-aminopropyl)triethoxysilane, and target enrofloxacin was coupled onto the surface by the carbodiimide method. The magnetic nanoparticles were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, particle size distribution, zeta potential, transmission electron microscopy observation, and indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A biopanning strategy based on Fe3O4@ENR FMNPs was then established to solve the problem in the traditional solid-phase biopanning process. The results showed that a considerable number of enrofloxacin (ENR)-positive phages were screened by only one round of biopanning. Finally, two ENR-specific shark-derived single-domain genes were identified and validated by monoclonal phage ELISA, gene sequencing, and biolayer interferometry technology. Our study provides a new biopanning strategy based on Fe3O4@ENR FMNPs for efficiently providing phages specific to haptens.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Jiahui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Yuan Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Difei Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Hong Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Limin Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- State Key Laboratory of Marine Food Processing & Safety Control, College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong 266404, China
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Liu C, Yang Q, Lin H, Cao L, Wang K, Sui J. Biopanning, Heterologous Expression, and Characterization of a Shark-Derived Single-Domain Antibody Fusion Protein against Pancreatic Lipase. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2023. [PMID: 37257170 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c01563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Nowadays, obesity severely impacts human health and is the fifth leading risk factor that leads to death globally. Pancreatic lipase (PL) inhibitors have attracted extensive attention owing to their role in effective prevention and treatment of obesity. Here, a shark-derived single-domain antibody fusion protein was used to inhibit PL for the first time. After biopanning, the heterologous expression system pET28a-SUMO-D2 was constructed using the method of double restriction enzyme digestion and T4 ligase to achieve the soluble expression of the PL-specific antibody gene D2. According to the calculation of protein concentration, the final expression of fusion protein PL-D2S was 1.183 mg per liter of Luria Bertani broth. The binding ability of the soluble fusion protein PL-D2S to PL was identified. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed that the fusion protein PL-D2S exhibited a strong binding affinity to PL. The experimental results of PL inhibition of PL-D2S in vitro showed that the fusion protein could significantly inhibit the activity of PL, with an IC50 of 404 μg/mL. Our study shows that the fusion protein PL-D2S is a potential PL inhibitor to prevent and treat obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Qing Yang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Hong Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Limin Cao
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Kaiqiang Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
| | - Jianxin Sui
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Ocean University of China, #1399 Sansha Road, Qingdao 266100, Shandong, China
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5
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Application of phage-display developed antibody and antigen substitutes in immunoassays for small molecule contaminants analysis: A mini-review. Food Chem 2020; 339:128084. [PMID: 33152875 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.128084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 09/06/2020] [Accepted: 09/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Toxic small molecule contaminants (SMCs) residues in food threaten human health. Immunoassays are popular and simple techniques for SMCs analysis. However, immunoassays based on polyclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibodies and chemosynthetic antigens have some defects, such as complicated preparation of antibodies, risk of toxic haptens using for antigen chemosynthesis and so on. Phage-display technique has been proven to be an attractive alternative approach to producing antibody and antigen substitutes of SMCs, and opened up new realms for developing immunoassays of SMCs. These substitutes contain five types, including anti-idiotypic recombinant antibody (AIdA), anti-immune complex peptide (AIcP), anti-immune complex recombinant antibody (AIcA) and anti-SMC recombinant antibody (anti-SMC RAb). In this review, the principle of immunoassays based on the five types of substitutes, as well as their application and advantages are summarized and discussed.
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He Y, Ren Y, Guo B, Yang Y, Ji Y, Zhang D, Wang J, Wang Y, Wang H. Development of a specific nanobody and its application in rapid and selective determination of Salmonella enteritidis in milk. Food Chem 2020; 310:125942. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2019.125942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/20/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Tang Z, Liu X, Wang Y, Chen Q, Hammock BD, Xu Y. Nanobody-based fluorescence resonance energy transfer immunoassay for noncompetitive and simultaneous detection of ochratoxin a and ochratoxin B. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 251:238-245. [PMID: 31082608 PMCID: PMC7103568 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2019.04.135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2019] [Revised: 04/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
A noncompetitive and homogeneous fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) immunoassay was developed using a nanobody (Nb) for highly sensitive and simultaneous detection of ochratoxin A (OTA) and ochratoxin B (OTB). The promoted intrinsic fluorescence (λex: 280 nm) of tryptophan residues (donor) in Nb can excite the fluorescence of OTA and OTB (acceptor) for detection (λem: 430 nm). Using optimal conditions, the limits of detection of the Nb-based FRET immunoassay were 0.06 and 0.12 ng/mL for OTA and OTB, respectively. Minimal cross reactivity was detected for several analogues of OTA and OTB as well as nonspecific proteins and antibodies. Acceptable accuracy and precision were obtained in the spike and recovery study, and the results correlated well with those by HPLC. These results demonstrated that the developed method could be a useful tool for noncompetitive, homogeneous, and simultaneous detection of OTA and OTB as well as other environmental analytes with similar fluorescence properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China.
| | - Yuanyuan Wang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Qi Chen
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou, 570228, PR China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang, 330047, PR China
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8
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Wang K, Liu Z, Ding G, Li J, Vasylieva N, Li QX, Li D, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, Xu T. Development of a one-step immunoassay for triazophos using camel single-domain antibody-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein. Anal Bioanal Chem 2019; 411:1287-1295. [PMID: 30706076 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-01563-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2018] [Revised: 12/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Triazophos is mainly used in Asian and African countries for the control of insects in agricultural production. Camelid variable domains of heavy-chain antibodies (VHHs) show great promise in monitoring environmental chemicals such as pesticides. To improve the rate of success in the generation of VHHs against triazophos, genes specifically encoding VHH fragments from the unique allotype IgG3a of an immunized Camelus bactrianus were amplified by using a pair of novel primers and introduced to construct a diverse VHH library. Five out of seven isolated positive clones, including the VHH T1 with the highest affinity to triazophos, were derived from the allotype IgG3a. A one-step enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using VHH T1 genetically fused with alkaline phosphatase (AP) had a half-maximum inhibition concentration of 6.6 ng/mL for triazophos. This assay showed negligible cross-reactivity with a list of important organophosphate pesticides (< 0.1%). The average recoveries of triazophos from water, soil, and apple samples determined by the one-step ELISA ranged from 83 to 108%, having a good correlation with those by a gas chromatography mass spectrometry (R2 = 0.99). The VHH-AP fusion protein shows potential for the analysis of triazophos in various matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kai Wang
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Zhiping Liu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Guochun Ding
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
| | - Ji Li
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 96 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Qing X Li
- Department of Molecular Biosciences and Bioengineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1955 East-West Road, Honolulu, HI, 96822, USA
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 96 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 96 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, 96 Briggs Hall, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Ting Xu
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Food Nutrition and Human Health, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, No. 2 Yuanmingyuan West Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100193, China.
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9
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Vasylieva N, Kitamura S, Dong J, Barnych B, Hvorecny KL, Madden DR, Gee SJ, Wolan DW, Morisseau C, Hammock BD. Nanobody-based binding assay for the discovery of potent inhibitors of CFTR inhibitory factor (Cif). Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1057:106-113. [PMID: 30832908 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.12.060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 12/21/2018] [Accepted: 12/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Lead identification and optimization are essential steps in the development of a new drug. It requires cost-effective, selective and sensitive chemical tools. Here, we report a novel method using nanobodies that allows the efficient screening for potent ligands. The method is illustrated with the cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator inhibitory factor (Cif), a virulence factor secreted by the opportunistic pathogen Pseudomonas aeruginosa. 18 nanobodies selective to Cif were isolated by bio-panning from nanobody-phage library constructed from immunized llama. 8 out of 18 nanobodies were identified as potent inhibitors of Cif enzymatic activity with IC50s in the range of 0.3-6.4 μM. A nanobody VHH219 showed high affinity (KD = 0.08 nM) to Cif and the highest inhibitory potency, IC50 = 0.3 μM. A displacement sandwich ELISA (dsELISA) with VHH219 was then developed for classification of synthetic small molecule inhibitors according their inhibitory potency. The developed assay allowed identification of new inhibitor with highest potency reported so far (0.16 ± 0.02 μM). The results from dsELISA assay correlates strongly with a conventional fluorogenic assay (R = 0.9998) in predicting the inhibitory potency of the tested compounds. However, the novel dsELISA is an order of magnitude more sensitive and allows the identification and ranking of potent inhibitors missed by the classic fluorogenic assay method. These data were supported with Octet biolayer interferometry measurements. The novel method described herein relies solely on the binding properties of the specific neutralizing nanobody, and thus is applicable to any pharmacological target for which such a nanobody can be found, independent of any requirement for catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Seiya Kitamura
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States; Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Jiexian Dong
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Kelli L Hvorecny
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Dean R Madden
- Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, NH, 03755, USA
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
| | - Dennis W Wolan
- Department of Molecular Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, 92037, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States.
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, United States
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Sun Z, Lv J, Liu X, Tang Z, Wang X, Xu Y, Hammock BD. Development of a Nanobody-AviTag Fusion Protein and Its Application in a Streptavidin-Biotin-Amplified Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Ochratoxin A in Cereal. Anal Chem 2018; 90:10628-10634. [PMID: 30092629 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b03085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Ochratoxin A (OTA) is a common food contaminant that threatens consumers' safety and health. A sensitive and selective biotin-streptavidin-amplified enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (BA-ELISA) for OTA using a nanobody-AviTag fusion protein (Nb-AviTag) was developed in this study. The prokaryotic expression vector Nb28-AviTag-pAC6 for Nb-AviTag was constructed, followed by transformation to the AVB101 cells for antibody expression and in vivo biotinylation. The purified Nb28-AviTag was used to establish the BA-ELISA and the procedures for this Nb-AviTag-based BA-ELISA were optimized. The Nb-AviTag-based BA-ELISA exhibited the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.14 ng mL-1 and the limit of detection (LOD = IC10) of 0.028 ng mL-1 for OTA basing on the optimized experiment parameters. The assay sensitivity was improved 4.6 times and 4.3 times compared to Nb-based ELISA, respectively. This method had LODs of 1.4 μg kg-1 in barley, 0.56 μg kg-1 in oats, and 0.84 μg kg-1 in rice for OTA. The average recovery percent was in a range of 84-137%, and the relative standard derivation percent ranged from 0.64% to 7.8%. The content of OTA in contaminated cereal samples was determined by both the developed Nb-AviTag-based method and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The results demonstrated that the Nb-AviTag was a robust and promising bioreceptor in highly sensitive detection of OTA and other low molecular weight compounds using BA system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichang Sun
- College of Food Science and Technology , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P. R. China
| | - Jingwen Lv
- College of Food Science and Technology , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P. R. China
| | - Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P. R. China
| | - Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P. R. China
| | - Xuerou Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology , Hainan University , 58 Renmin Avenue , Haikou 570228 , P. R. China
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology , Nanchang University , 235 Nanjing East Road , Nanchang 330047 , P. R. China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center , University of California , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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He T, Zhu J, Nie Y, Hu R, Wang T, Li P, Zhang Q, Yang Y. Nanobody Technology for Mycotoxin Detection in the Field of Food Safety: Current Status and Prospects. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E180. [PMID: 29710823 PMCID: PMC5983236 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10050180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 04/27/2018] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins, which are toxic, carcinogenic, and/or teratogenic, have posed a threat to food safety and public health. Sensitive and effective determination technologies for mycotoxin surveillance are required. Immunoassays have been regarded as useful supplements to chromatographic techniques. However, conventional antibodies involved in immunoassays are difficult to be expressed recombinantly and are susceptible to harsh environments. Nanobodies (or VHH antibodies) are antigen-binding sites of the heavy-chain antibodies produced from Camelidae. They are found to be expressed easily in prokaryotic or eukaryotic expression systems, more robust in extreme conditions, and facile to be used as surrogates for artificial antigens. These properties make them the promising and environmentally friendly immunoreagents in the next generation of immunoassays. This review briefly describes the latest developments in the area of nanobodies used in mycotoxin detection. Moreover, by integrating the introduction of the principle of nanobodies production and the critical assessment of their performance, this paper also proposes the prospect of nanobodies in the field of food safety in the foreseeable future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ting He
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Jiang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Yao Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Rui Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
| | - Ting Wang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Peiwu Li
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Oil Crops Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Wuhan 430062, China.
| | - Yunhuang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Magnetic Resonance and Atomic Molecular Physics, National Center for Magnetic Resonance in Wuhan, Wuhan Institute of Physics and Mathematics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan 430071, China.
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12
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Wang J, Mukhtar H, Ma L, Pang Q, Wang X. VHH Antibodies: Reagents for Mycotoxin Detection in Food Products. SENSORS 2018; 18:s18020485. [PMID: 29415506 PMCID: PMC5855929 DOI: 10.3390/s18020485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Revised: 01/28/2018] [Accepted: 02/02/2018] [Indexed: 01/23/2023]
Abstract
Mycotoxins are the toxic secondary metabolites produced by fungi and they are a worldwide public health concern. A VHH antibody (or nanobody) is the smallest antigen binding entity and is produced by heavy chain only antibodies. Compared with conventional antibodies, VHH antibodies overcome many pitfalls typically encountered in clinical therapeutics and immunodiagnostics. Likewise, VHH antibodies are particularly useful for monitoring mycotoxins in food and feedstuffs, as they are easily genetic engineered and have superior stability. In this review, we summarize the efforts to produce anti-mycotoxins VHH antibodies and associated assays, presenting VHH as a potential tool in mycotoxin analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Hina Mukhtar
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Lan Ma
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Qian Pang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
| | - Xiaohong Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
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13
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Radhakrishnan R, Poltronieri P. Fluorescence-Free Biosensor Methods in Detection of Food Pathogens with a Special Focus on Listeria monocytogenes. BIOSENSORS 2017; 7:E63. [PMID: 29261134 PMCID: PMC5746786 DOI: 10.3390/bios7040063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2017] [Revised: 12/11/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Food pathogens contaminate food products that allow their growth on the shelf and also under refrigerated conditions. Therefore, it is of utmost importance to lower the limit of detection (LOD) of the method used and to obtain the results within hours to few days. Biosensor methods exploit the available technologies to individuate and provide an approximate quantification of the bacteria present in a sample. The main bottleneck of these methods depends on the aspecific binding to the surfaces and on a change in sensitivity when bacteria are in a complex food matrix with respect to bacteria in a liquid food sample. In this review, we introduce surface plasmon resonance (SPR), new advancements in SPR techniques, and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), as fluorescence-free biosensing technologies for detection of L. monocytogenes in foods. The application of the two methods has facilitated L. monocytogenes detection with LOD of 1 log CFU/mL. Further advancements are envisaged through the combination of biosensor methods with immunoseparation of bacteria from larger volumes, application of lab-on-chip technologies, and EIS sensing methods for multiplex pathogen detection. Validation efforts are being conducted to demonstrate the robustness of detection, reproducibility and variability in multi-site installations.
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14
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Ren X, Yan J, Wu D, Wei Q, Wan Y. Nanobody-Based Apolipoprotein E Immunosensor for Point-of-Care Testing. ACS Sens 2017; 2:1267-1271. [PMID: 28884572 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.7b00495] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) biomarkers can reflect the neurochemical indicators used to estimate the risk in clinical nephrology. Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is an early biomarker for AD in clinical diagnosis. In this research, through bactrian camel immunization, lymphocyte isolation, RNA extraction, and library construction, ApoE-specific Nbs with high affinity were successfully separated from an immune phage display nanobody library. Herein, a colorimetric immunosensor was developed for the point-of-care testing of ApoE by layer-by-layer nanoassembly techniques and novel nanobodies (Nbs). Using highly oriented Nbs as the capture and detection antibodies, an on-site immunosensor was developed by detecting the mean gray value of fade color due to the glutaraldehyde@3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane oxidation by H2O2. The detection limit of AopE is 0.42 pg/mL, and the clinical analysis achieves a good performance. The novel easily operated immunosensor may have potential application in the clinical diagnosis and real-time monitoring for AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Ren
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Junrong Yan
- Institute
of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, P.R. China
| | - Dan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Qin Wei
- Key Laboratory of Interfacial Reaction & Sensing Analysis in Universities of Shandong, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, Shandong, China
| | - Yakun Wan
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Receptor Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Pudong, Shanghai, 201203, P.R. China
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15
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Wang Z, Beier RC, Shen J. Immunoassays for the detection of macrocyclic lactones in food matrices – A review. Trends Analyt Chem 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2017.04.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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16
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Sun Z, Duan Z, Liu X, Deng X, Tang Z. Development of a Nanobody-Based Competitive Dot ELISA for Visual Screening of Ochratoxin A in Cereals. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-017-0915-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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17
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Liu X, Tang Z, Duan Z, He Z, Shu M, Wang X, Gee SJ, Hammock BD, Xu Y. Nanobody-based enzyme immunoassay for ochratoxin A in cereal with high resistance to matrix interference. Talanta 2016; 164:154-158. [PMID: 28107910 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2016.11.039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2016] [Revised: 11/14/2016] [Accepted: 11/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
A sensitive indirect competitive nanobody-based enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (Nb-ELISA) for ochratoxin A (OTA) with high resistance to cereal matrix interference was developed. Nanobodies against OTA (Nb15, Nb28, Nb32, Nb36) were expressed in E. coli cells and their thermal stabilities were compared with that of an OTA-specific monoclonal antibody 6H8. All nanobodies could still retain their antigen-binding activity after exposure to temperature 95°C for 5min or to 90°C for 75min. Nb28 that exhibited the highest sensitivity in ELISA was selected for further research. An indirect competitive ELISA based on Nb28 was developed for OTA, with an IC50 of 0.64ng/mL and a linear range (IC20-IC80) of 0.27-1.47ng/mL. Cereal samples were analyzed following a 2.5 fold dilution of sample extracts, showing the good resistance to matrix interference of the Nb-ELSIA. The recovery of spiked cereal samples (rice, oats, barley) ranged from 80% to 105% and the Nb-ELISA results of OTA content in naturally contamined samples were in good agreement with those determined by a commercial ELISA kit. The results indicated the reliablity of nanobody as a promising immunoassay reagent for detection of mycotoxins in food matrix and its potential in biosensor development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China; Institute of Food Research, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China.
| | - Zongwen Tang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hainan University, 58 Renmin Avenue, Haikou 570228, China
| | - Zhenhua Duan
- Institute of Food Research, Hezhou University, Hezhou 542899, China
| | - Zhenyun He
- Food Science and Technology Program, Department of Chemistry, National University of Singapore, 3 Science Drive 3, Singapore 117543, Singapore.
| | - Mei Shu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Xianxian Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, United States
| | - Yang Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, Nanchang University, 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, China
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18
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Anti-idiotypic nanobody-alkaline phosphatase fusion proteins: Development of a one-step competitive enzyme immunoassay for fumonisin B 1 detection in cereal. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 924:53-59. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.03.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2015] [Revised: 03/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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19
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Bettazzi F, Martellini T, Shelver WL, Cincinelli A, Lanciotti E, Palchetti I. Development of an Electrochemical Immunoassay for the Detection of Polybrominated Diphenyl Ethers (PBDEs). ELECTROANAL 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201600127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Bettazzi
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze Italy
| | - Tania Martellini
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze Italy
| | - Weilin L. Shelver
- USDA-ARS Biosciences Research Laboratory; 1605 Albrecht Boulevard Fargo ND 58102 USA
| | - Alessandra Cincinelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze Italy
| | - Eudes Lanciotti
- Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute (DSS); Università degli Studi di Firenze; Viale Morgagni, 48 50134 Firenze Italy
| | - Ilaria Palchetti
- Dipartimento di Chimica; Università degli Studi di Firenze; Via della Lastruccia 3 50019 Sesto Fiorentino Firenze Italy
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20
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Bever CS, Dong JX, Vasylieva N, Barnych B, Cui Y, Xu ZL, Hammock BD, Gee SJ. VHH antibodies: emerging reagents for the analysis of environmental chemicals. Anal Bioanal Chem 2016; 408:5985-6002. [PMID: 27209591 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-016-9585-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2016] [Revised: 03/24/2016] [Accepted: 04/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Abstract
A VHH antibody (or nanobody) is the antigen binding fragment of heavy chain only antibodies. Discovered nearly 25 years ago, they have been investigated for their use in clinical therapeutics and immunodiagnostics, and more recently for environmental monitoring applications. A new and valuable immunoreagent for the analysis of small molecular weight environmental chemicals, VHH will overcome many pitfalls encountered with conventional reagents. In the work so far, VHH antibodies often perform comparably to conventional antibodies for small molecule analysis, are amenable to numerous genetic engineering techniques, and show ease of adaption to other immunodiagnostic platforms for use in environmental monitoring. Recent reviews cover the structure and production of VHH antibodies as well as their use in clinical settings. However, no report focuses on the use of these VHH antibodies to detect small environmental chemicals (MW < 1500 Da). This review article summarizes the efforts made to produce VHHs to various environmental targets, compares the VHH-based assays with conventional antibody assays, and discusses the advantages and limitations in developing these new antibody reagents particularly to small molecule targets. Graphical Abstract Overview of the production of VHHs to small environmental chemicals and highlights of the utility of these new emerging reagents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Candace S Bever
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jie-Xian Dong
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Natalia Vasylieva
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bogdan Barnych
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Yongliang Cui
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.,Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, 14214, USA
| | - Zhen-Lin Xu
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis, One Shields Avenue, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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21
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Mi L, Wang P, Yan J, Qian J, Lu J, Yu J, Wang Y, Liu H, Zhu M, Wan Y, Liu S. A novel photoelectrochemical immunosensor by integration of nanobody and TiO 2 nanotubes for sensitive detection of serum cystatin C. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 902:107-114. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.11.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2015] [Revised: 11/02/2015] [Accepted: 11/04/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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22
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Cui Y, Li D, Morisseau C, Dong JX, Yang J, Wan D, Rossotti MA, Gee SJ, González-Sapienza GG, Hammock BD. Heavy chain single-domain antibodies to detect native human soluble epoxide hydrolase. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:7275-83. [PMID: 26229025 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8889-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2015] [Revised: 06/09/2015] [Accepted: 06/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
The soluble epoxide hydrolase (sEH) is a potential pharmacological target for treating hypertension, vascular inflammation, pain, cancer, and other diseases. However, there is not a simple, inexpensive, and reliable method to estimate levels of active sEH in tissues. Toward developing such an assay, a polyclonal variable domain of heavy chain antibody (VHH) sandwich immunoassay was developed. Ten VHHs, which are highly selective for native human sEH, were isolated from a phage-displayed library. The ten VHHs have no significant cross-reactivity with human microsomal epoxide hydrolase, rat and mouse sEH, and denatured human sEH. There is a high correlation between protein levels of the sEH determined by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and the catalytic activity of the enzyme in S9 fractions of human tissues (liver, kidney, and lung). The VHH-based ELISA appears to be a new reliable method for monitoring the sEH and may be useful as a diagnostic tool for diseases influenced by sEH. This study also demonstrates the broad utility of VHH in biochemical and pharmacological research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongliang Cui
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Dongyang Li
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Christophe Morisseau
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jie-Xian Dong
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Jun Yang
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Debin Wan
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Martín A Rossotti
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR Av. A. Navarro 3051, Piso 2, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Shirley J Gee
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA
| | - Gualberto G González-Sapienza
- Cátedra de Inmunología, Facultad de Química, Instituto de Higiene, UDELAR Av. A. Navarro 3051, Piso 2, Montevideo, 11600, Uruguay
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
- UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
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23
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Anti-idiotypic nanobody as citrinin mimotope from a naive alpaca heavy chain single domain antibody library. Anal Bioanal Chem 2015; 407:5333-41. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-015-8693-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2015] [Revised: 03/20/2015] [Accepted: 04/10/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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24
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Wang J, Majkova Z, Bever CRS, Yang J, Gee SJ, Li J, Xu T, Hammock BD. One-step immunoassay for tetrabromobisphenol a using a camelid single domain antibody-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein. Anal Chem 2015; 87:4741-8. [PMID: 25849972 DOI: 10.1021/ac504735p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Tetrabromobisphenol A (TBBPA) is a ubiquitous brominated flame retardant, showing widespread environmental and human exposures. A variable domain of the heavy chain antibody (VHH), naturally occurring in camelids, approaches the lower size limit of functional antigen-binding entities. The ease of genetic manipulation makes such VHHs a superior choice to use as an immunoreagent. In this study, a highly selective anti-TBBPA VHH T3-15 fused with alkaline phosphatase (AP) from E. coli was expressed, showing both an integrated TBBPA-binding capacity and enzymatic activity. A one-step immunoassay based on the fusion protein T3-15-AP was developed for TBBPA in 5% dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/phosphate buffered saline (PBS, pH 7.4), with a half-maximum signal inhibition concentration (IC50) of 0.20 ng mL(-1). Compared to the parental VHH T3-15, T3-15-AP was able to bind to a wider variety of coating antigens and the assay sensitivity was slightly improved. Cross-reactivity of T3-15-AP with a set of important brominated analogues was negligible (<0.1%). Although T3-15-AP was susceptible to extreme heat (90 °C), much higher binding stability at ambient temperature was observed in the T3-15-AP-based assay for at least 70 days. A simple pretreatment method of diluting urine samples with DMSO was developed for a one-step assay. The recoveries of TBBPA from urine samples via this one-step assay ranged from 96.7% to 109.9% and correlated well with a high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectroscopy (HPLC-MS/MS) method. It is expected that the dimerized fusion protein, VHH-AP, will show promising applications in human exposure and environmental monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- †Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.,§College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural Universiy, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zuzana Majkova
- ‡Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Candace R S Bever
- ‡Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Jun Yang
- ‡Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Shirley J Gee
- ‡Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
| | - Ji Li
- †Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Ting Xu
- †Beijing Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Organic Farming, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Bruce D Hammock
- ‡Department of Entomology and UCD Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Davis, California 95616, United States
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25
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An affinity improved single-chain antibody from phage display of a library derived from monoclonal antibodies detects fumonisins by immunoassay. Anal Chim Acta 2015; 867:74-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2015.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2015] [Revised: 02/06/2015] [Accepted: 02/09/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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26
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Li H, Mu Y, Yan J, Cui D, Ou W, Wan Y, Liu S. Label-Free Photoelectrochemical Immunosensor for Neutrophil Gelatinase-Associated Lipocalin Based on the Use of Nanobodies. Anal Chem 2015; 87:2007-15. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504589d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Henan Li
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yawen Mu
- The Key Laboratory
of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute
of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junrong Yan
- The Key Laboratory
of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute
of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dongmei Cui
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
| | - Weijun Ou
- Jiangsu Nanobody Engineering and Research
Center, Nantong 226010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yakun Wan
- The Key Laboratory
of Developmental Genes and Human Disease, Ministry of Education, Institute
of Life Sciences, Southeast University, Nanjing 210000, People’s Republic of China
- Jiangsu Nanobody Engineering and Research
Center, Nantong 226010, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry
and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, People’s Republic of China
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27
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Liu X, Xu Y, Wan DB, Xiong YH, He ZY, Wang XX, Gee SJ, Ryu D, Hammock BD. Development of a nanobody-alkaline phosphatase fusion protein and its application in a highly sensitive direct competitive fluorescence enzyme immunoassay for detection of ochratoxin A in cereal. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1387-94. [PMID: 25531426 DOI: 10.1021/ac504305z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
A rapid and sensitive direct competitive fluorescence enzyme immunoassay (dc-FEIA) for ochratoxin A (OTA) based on a nanobody (Nb)-alkaline phosphatase (AP) fusion protein was developed. The VHH (variable domain of heavy chain antibody) gene of Nb28 was subcloned into the expression vector pecan45 containing the AP double-mutant gene. The Nb28-AP construct was transformed into Escherichia coli BL21(DE3)plysS, and soluble expression in bacteria was confirmed by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot. Both the Nb properties and AP enzymatic activity were validated by colorimetric and fluorometric analysis. The 50% inhibitory concentration and the detection limit of the dc-FEIA were 0.13 and 0.04 ng/mL, respectively, with a linear range of 0.06-0.43 ng/mL. This assay was compared with LC-MS/MS, and the results indicated the reliability of Nb-AP fusion protein-based dc-FEIA for monitoring OTA contamination in cereal.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology and ‡Sino-Germany Joint Research Institute, Nanchang University , No. 235 Nanjing East Road, Nanchang 330047, People's Republic of China
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28
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Chen A, Wang R, Bever CRS, Xing S, Hammock BD, Pan T. Smartphone-interfaced lab-on-a-chip devices for field-deployable enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. BIOMICROFLUIDICS 2014; 8:064101. [PMID: 25553178 PMCID: PMC4241779 DOI: 10.1063/1.4901348] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/30/2014] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The emerging technologies on mobile-based diagnosis and bioanalytical detection have enabled powerful laboratory assays such as enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to be conducted in field-use lab-on-a-chip devices. In this paper, we present a low-cost universal serial bus (USB)-interfaced mobile platform to perform microfluidic ELISA operations in detecting the presence and concentrations of BDE-47 (2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether), an environmental contaminant found in our food supply with adverse health impact. Our point-of-care diagnostic device utilizes flexible interdigitated carbon black electrodes to convert electric current into a microfluidic pump via gas bubble expansion during electrolytic reaction. The micropump receives power from a mobile phone and transports BDE-47 analytes through the microfluidic device conducting competitive ELISA. Using variable domain of heavy chain antibodies (commonly referred to as single domain antibodies or Nanobodies), the proposed device is sensitive for a BDE-47 concentration range of 10(-3)-10(4 ) μg/l, with a comparable performance to that uses a standard competitive ELISA protocol. It is anticipated that the potential impact in mobile detection of health and environmental contaminants will prove beneficial to our community and low-resource environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnold Chen
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Royal Wang
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Candace R S Bever
- Department of Entomology and Nematology, University of California , Davis, California 95616, USA
| | - Siyuan Xing
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, California 95616, USA
| | | | - Tingrui Pan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California , Davis, California 95616, USA
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