1
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Naylor CN, Nagy G. Recent advances in high-resolution traveling wave-based ion mobility separations coupled to mass spectrometry. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 39087820 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 06/07/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Recently, ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) has become more readily incorporated into various omics-based workflows. These growing applications are due to developments in instrumentation within the last decade that have enabled higher-resolution ion mobility separations. Two such platforms are the cyclic (cIMS) and structures for lossless ion manipulations (SLIM), both of which use traveling wave ion mobility spectrometry (TWIMS). High-resolution separations achieved with these techniques stem from the drastically increased pathlengths, on the order of 10 s of meters to >1 km, in both cIMS-MS and SLIM IMS-MS, respectively. Herein, we highlight recent developments and advances, for the period 2019-2023, in high-resolution traveling wave-based IMS-MS through instrumentation, calibration strategies, hyphenated techniques, and applications. Specifically, we will discuss applications including CCS calculations in multipass IMS-MS separations, coupling of IMS-MS with chromatography, imaging, and cryogenic infrared spectroscopy, and isomeric separations of glycans, lipids, and other small metabolites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cameron N Naylor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
| | - Gabe Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA
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2
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Eaton RM, Zercher BP, Wageman A, Bush MF. A Flexible, Modular Platform for Multidimensional Ion Mobility of Native-like Ions. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023; 34:1175-1185. [PMID: 37171243 PMCID: PMC10548348 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.3c00112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Native ion mobility (IM) mass spectrometry (MS) is used to probe the size, shape, and assembly of biomolecular complexes. IM-IM-MS can increase the amount of information available in structural studies by isolating subpopulations of structures for further analysis. Previously, IM-IM-MS has been implemented using the Structures for Lossless Ion Manipulations (SLIM) architecture to probe the structural stability of gas-phase protein ions. Here, a new multidimensional IM instrument constructed from SLIM devices is characterized using multiple operational modes. In this new design, modular devices are used to perform all ion manipulations, including initial accumulation, injection, separation, selection, and trapping. Using single-dimension IM, collision cross section (Ω) values are determined for a set of native-like ions. These Ω values are within 3% of those reported previously based on measurements using RF-confining drift cells. Tandem IM experiments are performed on a sample of ubiquitin ions that contains both compact and partially unfolded structures, demonstrating that this platform can isolate subpopulations of structures. Finally, additional modes of analysis, including multiplexed IM and inverse IM, are demonstrated using this platform. The ability of this platform to quickly switch between different modes of IM analysis makes it a highly flexible tool for studying protein structures and dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel M. Eaton
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700
| | - Benjamin P. Zercher
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700
| | - AnneClaire Wageman
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700
| | - Matthew F. Bush
- University of Washington, Department of Chemistry, Box 351700, Seattle, WA 98195-1700
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3
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Reinecke T, Naylor CN, Clowers BH. Ion multiplexing: Maximizing throughput and signal to noise ratio for ion mobility spectrometry. Trends Analyt Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2019.03.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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4
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Garabedian A, Benigni P, Ramirez CE, Baker ES, Liu T, Smith RD, Fernandez-Lima F. Towards Discovery and Targeted Peptide Biomarker Detection Using nanoESI-TIMS-TOF MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:817-826. [PMID: 28889248 PMCID: PMC5844780 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1787-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2017] [Revised: 07/29/2017] [Accepted: 08/10/2017] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present work, the potential of trapped ion mobility spectrometry coupled to TOF mass spectrometry (TIMS-TOF MS) for discovery and targeted monitoring of peptide biomarkers from human-in-mouse xenograft tumor tissue was evaluated. In particular, a TIMS-MS workflow was developed for the detection and quantification of peptide biomarkers using internal heavy analogs, taking advantage of the high mobility resolution (R = 150-250) prior to mass analysis. Five peptide biomarkers were separated, identified, and quantified using offline nanoESI-TIMS-CID-TOF MS; the results were in good agreement with measurements using a traditional LC-ESI-MS/MS proteomics workflow. The TIMS-TOF MS analysis permitted peptide biomarker detection based on accurate mobility, mass measurements, and high sequence coverage for concentrations in the 10-200 nM range, while simultaneously achieving discovery measurements of not initially targeted peptides as markers from the same proteins and, eventually, other proteins. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa Garabedian
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Paolo Benigni
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Cesar E Ramirez
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Erin S Baker
- Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Tao Liu
- Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Richard D Smith
- Biological Sciences Division and Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Francisco Fernandez-Lima
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
- Biomolecular Sciences Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA.
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5
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Jacobs AD, Jovan Jose KV, Horness R, Raghavachari K, Thielges MC, Clemmer DE. Cooperative Formation of Icosahedral Proline Clusters from Dimers. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:95-102. [PMID: 29127569 PMCID: PMC6884317 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-017-1833-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2017] [Revised: 09/28/2017] [Accepted: 10/01/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) techniques were combined with quantum chemical calculations to examine the origin of icosahedral clusters of the amino acid proline. When enantiopure proline solutions are electrosprayed (using nanospray) from 100 mM ammonium acetate, only three peaks are observed in the mass spectrum across a concentration range of five orders of magnitude: a monomer [Pro+H]+ species, favored from 0.001 to 0.01 mM proline concentrations; a dimer [2Pro+H]+ species, the most abundant species for proline concentrations above 0.01 mM; and, the dimer and dodecamer [12Pro+2H]2+ for 1.0 mM and more concentrated proline solutions. Electrospraying racemic D/L-proline solutions from 100 mM ammonium acetate leads to a monomer at low proline concentrations (0.001 to 0.1 mM), and a dimer at higher concentrations (>0.09 mM), as well as a very small population of 8 to 15 Pro clusters that comprise <0.1% of the total ion signals even at the highest proline concentration. Solution FTIR studies show unique features that increase in intensity in the enantiopure proline solutions, consistent with clustering, presumably from the icosahedral geometry in bulk solution. When normalized for the total proline, these results are indicative of a cooperative formation of the enantiopure 12Pro species from 2Pro. Graphical Abstract.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Jacobs
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - K V Jovan Jose
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - Rachel Horness
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | | | - Megan C Thielges
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
| | - David E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA.
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6
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Fernandez-Maestre R. Note: Buffer gas temperature inhomogeneities and design of drift-tube ion mobility spectrometers: Warnings for real-world applications by non-specialists. THE REVIEW OF SCIENTIFIC INSTRUMENTS 2017; 88:096104. [PMID: 28964182 DOI: 10.1063/1.5001845] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) separates gas phase ions moving under an electric field according to their size-to-charge ratio. IMS is the method of choice to detect illegal drugs and explosives in customs and airports making accurate determination of reduced ion mobilities (K0) important for national security. An ion mobility spectrometer with electrospray ionization coupled to a quadrupole mass spectrometer was used to study uncertainties in buffer gas temperatures during mobility experiments. Differences up to 16°C were found in the buffer gas temperatures in different regions of the drift tube and up to 42°C between the buffer gas and the drift tube temperatures. The drift tube temperature is used as an approximation to the buffer gas temperature for the calculation of K0 because the buffer gas temperature is hard to measure. This is leading to uncertainties in the determination of K0 values. Inaccurate determination of K0 values yields false positives that delay the cargo and passengers in customs and airports. Therefore, recommendations are issued for building mobility tubes to assure a homogeneous temperature of the buffer gas. Because the temperature and other instrumental parameters are difficult to measure in IMS, chemical standards should always be used when calculating K0. The difference of 42°C between the drift tube and buffer gas temperatures found in these experiments produces a 10.5% error in the calculation of K0. This large inaccuracy in K0 shows the importance of a correct temperature measurement in IMS.
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Affiliation(s)
- R Fernandez-Maestre
- Programa de Química, Universidad de Cartagena, Campus de San Pablo, Cartagena, Colombia
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7
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Ewing MA, Glover MS, Clemmer DE. Hybrid ion mobility and mass spectrometry as a separation tool. J Chromatogr A 2016; 1439:3-25. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2015.10.080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2015] [Revised: 10/05/2015] [Accepted: 10/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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8
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Gaye MM, Nagy G, Clemmer DE, Pohl NLB. Multidimensional Analysis of 16 Glucose Isomers by Ion Mobility Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2016; 88:2335-44. [PMID: 26799269 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.5b04280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Diastereomeric adducts comprising an enantiomerically pure monosaccharide analyte, a peptide, and/or an amino acid and a divalent metal ion (for 16 different monosaccharide isomers) are generated by electrospray ionization and analyzed by combined ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry (IMS-MS) techniques. Mobility distributions of [l-Ser + M + H](+) (where l-Ser is l-serine and M is a given monosaccharide), [l-Phe-Gly + M + H](+) (where l-Phe-Gly is l-phenylalanine-glycine), and [Mn(II) + (l-Phe-Gly - H) + M](+) complex ions are used to determine collision cross sections (ccs in Å(2)), and groups of cross sections for different clusters are proposed as means of identifying the sugar isomers. Within one type of complex, variations in ccs do not always allow delineation between the 16 glucose isomers, but interestingly, when ccs of three different ions are combined as a spatial vector, enantiomers are partially resolved. As a result of this analysis, l-glucose, d-glucose, l-allose, d-allose, d-gulose, d-galactose, and l-mannose are delineated, and for all eight enantiomeric pairs, d and l entities display different coordinates. In addition, different combinations of amino acids, peptide, and metal ions are surveyed, and the potential for yielding unique coordinates for the generated diastereomeric complexes is assessed.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Gaye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - G Nagy
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - D E Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
| | - N L B Pohl
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University , Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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9
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Affiliation(s)
- Jody C. May
- Department
of Chemistry,
Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical
Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research
and Education , Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
| | - John A. McLean
- Department
of Chemistry,
Center for Innovative Technology, Vanderbilt Institute for Chemical
Biology, Vanderbilt Institute for Integrative Biosystems Research
and Education , Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee 37235, United States
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10
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Vidal-de-Miguel G, Macía M, Barrios C, Cuevas J. Transversal Modulation Ion Mobility Spectrometry (IMS) Coupled with Mass Spectrometry (MS): Exploring the IMS-IMS-MS Possibilities of the Instrument. Anal Chem 2015; 87:1925-32. [DOI: 10.1021/ac504178n] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- G. Vidal-de-Miguel
- Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL, P. Tec. Boecillo, Parcela 205, Edificio
Cartif, Boecillo, 47151 Valladolid, Spain
- Department
of Energy Engineering and Fluid Mechanics, Valladolid University, Paseo del Cauce, 50A, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - M. Macía
- Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL, P. Tec. Boecillo, Parcela 205, Edificio
Cartif, Boecillo, 47151 Valladolid, Spain
| | - C. Barrios
- Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL, P. Tec. Boecillo, Parcela 205, Edificio
Cartif, Boecillo, 47151 Valladolid, Spain
- Department
of Energy Engineering and Fluid Mechanics, Valladolid University, Paseo del Cauce, 50A, 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - J. Cuevas
- Sociedad Europea de Análisis Diferencial de Movilidad SL, P. Tec. Boecillo, Parcela 205, Edificio
Cartif, Boecillo, 47151 Valladolid, Spain
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11
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Gaye MM, Kurulugama R, Clemmer DE. Investigating carbohydrate isomers by IMS-CID-IMS-MS: precursor and fragment ion cross-sections. Analyst 2015; 140:6922-32. [DOI: 10.1039/c5an00840a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fragmentation of melezitose by IMS-CID-IMS-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- M. M. Gaye
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
| | - R. Kurulugama
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
| | - D. E. Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry
- Indiana University
- Bloomington
- USA
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12
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Zhang X, Knochenmuss R, Siems WF, Liu W, Graf S, Hill HH. Evaluation of Hadamard Transform Atmospheric Pressure Ion Mobility Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry for Complex Mixture Analysis. Anal Chem 2014; 86:1661-70. [DOI: 10.1021/ac403435p] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xing Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | | | - William F. Siems
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | - Wenjie Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
| | | | - Herbert H. Hill
- Department of Chemistry, Washington State University, Pullman, Washington 99164, United States
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13
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Gaye MM, Valentine SJ, Hu Y, Mirjankar N, Hammoud ZT, Mechref Y, Lavine BK, Clemmer DE. Ion mobility-mass spectrometry analysis of serum N-linked glycans from esophageal adenocarcinoma phenotypes. J Proteome Res 2012; 11:6102-10. [PMID: 23126309 DOI: 10.1021/pr300756e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Three disease phenotypes, Barrett's esophagus (BE), high-grade dysplasia (HGD), esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC), and a set of normal control (NC) serum samples are examined using a combination of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS), mass spectrometry (MS), and principal component analysis (PCA) techniques. Samples from a total of 136 individuals were examined, including 7 characterized as BE, 12 as HGD, 56 as EAC, and 61 as NC. In typical data sets, it was possible to assign ∼20 to 30 glycan ions based on MS measurements. Ion mobility distributions for these ions show multiple features. In some cases, such as the [S1H5N4+3Na]3+ and [S1F1H5N4+3Na]3+ glycan ions, the ratio of intensities of high-mobility features to low-mobility features vary significantly for different groups. The degree to which such variations in mobility profiles can be used to distinguish phenotypes is evaluated for 11 N-linked glycan ions. An outlier analysis on each sample class followed by an unsupervised PCA using a genetic algorithm for pattern recognition reveals that EAC samples are separated from NC samples based on 46 features originating from the 11-glycan composite IMS distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
- M M Gaye
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana 47405, United States
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14
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Valentine SJ, Kurulugama RT, Clemmer DE. Overtone mobility spectrometry: part 3. On the origin of peaks. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:804-16. [PMID: 21472515 PMCID: PMC3253535 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0087-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2010] [Revised: 01/15/2011] [Accepted: 01/18/2011] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The origin of non-integer overtone peaks in overtone mobility spectrometry (OMS) spectra is investigated by ion trajectory simulations. Simulations indicate that these OMS features arise from higher-order overtone series. An empirically-derived formula is presented as a means of describing the positions of peaks. The new equation makes it possible to determine collision cross sections from any OMS peak. Additionally, it is extended as a means of predicting the resolving power for any peak in an OMS distribution.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David E. Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47405, USA
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15
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Li Z, Valentine SJ, Clemmer DE. Complexation of amino compounds by 18C6 improves selectivity by IMS-IMS-MS: application to petroleum characterization. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2011; 22:817-27. [PMID: 21472516 PMCID: PMC4140651 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-011-0105-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2010] [Revised: 02/02/2011] [Accepted: 02/09/2011] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Complexation of a series of related amino compounds by 18-crown-6 ether (18C6) is studied as a means of improving the resolution of mixtures by combinations of ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) and mass spectrometry (MS) techniques. Mixtures of the isomeric amines n-octylamine (NOA), dibutylamine (DBA), and diisopropylethylamine (DIPEA) were electrosprayed to produce gaseous [M + H](+) ions. These species have overlapping mobilities and are not resolved by IMS. Addition of 18C6 yields [M + 18C6 + H](+) ion complexes that are resolved by IMS. In subsequent experiments, [M + 18C6 + H](+) ion complexes are separated according to their mobilities and specific species are selected and exposed to collisional activation. This analysis yields dissociation voltages that are inversely correlated with the number of separate substitutions on the nitrogen atom of the amino compounds; dissociation voltages of ~40, ~90, and ~150 V are obtained for the tri-, di-, and mono-substituted amino compounds DIPEA, DBA, and NOA, respectively. For these complexes, an inverse correlation is also observed with respect to the gas-phase basicities (GB) of the amino compounds (964, 935, and 895 kJ mol(-1), respectively). Studies of 18C6 complexes with a series of n-alkylamines (C( n )H(2n+3)N where n=3 to 18, respectively) show that dissociation voltages increase systematically (from ~140 to ~190 V) under the conditions employed. The sensitivity to collision energy provides an additional means of distinguishing between classes of compounds. The approach is extended as a means of separating nitrogen-containing compounds from petroleum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, 800 E. Kirkwood Ave., Bloomington, IN 47405, USA
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16
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Hopper JTS, Oldham NJ. Collision induced unfolding of protein ions in the gas phase studied by ion mobility-mass spectrometry: the effect of ligand binding on conformational stability. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:1851-8. [PMID: 19643633 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 161] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2009] [Revised: 06/11/2009] [Accepted: 06/13/2009] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry, with subsequent mass spectrometric detection, has been employed to study the stability of compact protein conformations of FK-binding protein, hen egg-white lysozyme, and horse heart myoglobin in the presence and absence of bound ligands. Protein ions, generated by electrospray ionization from ammonium acetate buffer, were activated by collision with argon gas to induce unfolding of their compact structures. The collisional cross sections (Omega) of folded and unfolded conformations were measured in the T-Wave mobility cell of a Waters Synapt HDMS (Waters, Altrincham, UK) employing a calibration against literature values for a range of protein standards. In the absence of activation, collisional cross section measurements were found to be consistent with those predicted for folded protein structures. Under conditions of defined collisional activation energies partially unfolded conformations were produced. The degree of unfolding and dissociation induced by these defined collision energies are related to the stability of noncovalent intra- and intermolecular interactions within protein complexes. These findings highlight the additional conformational stability of protein ions in the gas phase resulting from ligand binding.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jonathan T S Hopper
- School of Chemistry, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, United Kingdom
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17
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Fernandez-Lima FA, Wei H, Gao YQ, Russell DH. On the Structure Elucidation Using Ion Mobility Spectrometry and Molecular Dynamics. J Phys Chem A 2009; 113:8221-34. [DOI: 10.1021/jp811150q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - H. Wei
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843
| | - Y. Q. Gao
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843
| | - D. H. Russell
- Department of Chemistry, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas, 77843
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18
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Valentine SJ, Stokes ST, Kurulugama RT, Nachtigall FM, Clemmer DE. Overtone mobility spectrometry: part 2. Theoretical considerations of resolving power. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2009; 20:738-50. [PMID: 19230705 PMCID: PMC2735887 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasms.2009.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2008] [Revised: 01/01/2009] [Accepted: 01/06/2009] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The transport of ions through multiple drift regions is modeled to develop an equation that is useful for an understanding of the resolving power of an overtone mobility spectrometry (OMS) technique. It is found that resolving power is influenced by a number of experimental variables, including those that define ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) resolving power: drift field (E), drift region length (L), and buffer gas temperature (T). However, unlike IMS, the resolving power of OMS is also influenced by the number of drift regions (n), harmonic frequency value (m), and the phase number (Phi) of the applied drift field. The OMS resolving power dependence upon the new OMS variables (n, m, and Phi) scales differently than the square root dependence of the E, L, and T variables in IMS. The results provide insight about optimal instrumental design and operation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sarah T. Stokes
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | | | | | - David E. Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
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19
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Kurulugama RT, Valentine SJ, Sowell RA, Clemmer DE. Development of a high-throughput IMS-IMS-MS approach for analyzing mixtures of biomolecules. J Proteomics 2008; 71:318-31. [PMID: 18590839 PMCID: PMC2626180 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2008.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2008] [Revised: 06/14/2008] [Accepted: 06/16/2008] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
A high-throughput approach for biomolecule analysis is demonstrated for a mixture of peptides from tryptic digest of four proteins as well as a tryptic digests of human plasma. In this method a chip based electrospray autosampler coupled to a hybrid ion mobility (IMS) mass spectrometer (MS) is utilized to achieve rapid sample analysis. This high-throughput measurement is realized by exploiting the direct infusion capability of the chip based electrospray with its rapid sample manipulating capability as well as a high sensitive IMS-MS with a recently developed IMS-IMS separation technique that can be multiplexed to provide greater throughput. From replicate IMS-MS runs of known mixtures, the average uncertainty of peak intensities is determined to be +/-7% (relative standard deviation), and a detection limit in the low attomole range is established. The method is illustrated by analyzing 124 human plasma protein samples in duplicate, a measurement that required 16.5 h. Current limitations as well as implications of the high-throughput approach for complex biological sample analysis are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rena A. Sowell
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
| | - David E. Clemmer
- Department of Chemistry, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN 47405
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