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Hatamie A, Ren L, Zhang X, Ewing AG. Vesicle Impact Electrochemical Cytometry to Determine Carbon Nanotube-Induced Fusion of Intracellular Vesicles. Anal Chem 2021; 93:13161-13168. [PMID: 34499839 PMCID: PMC8495673 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01462] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotube (CNT)-modified electrodes are used to obtain new measurements of vesicle content via amperometry. We have investigated the interaction between CNTs and isolated adrenal chromaffin vesicles (as a model) by vesicle impact electrochemical cytometry. Our data show that the presence of CNTs not only significantly increased the vesicular catecholamine number from 2,250,000 ± 112,766 molecules on a bare electrode to 3,880,000 ± 686,573 molecules on CNT/carbon fiber electrodes but also caused an enhancement in the maximum intensity of the current, which implies the existence of strong interactions between vesicle biolayers and CNTs and an altered electroporation process. We suggest that CNTs might perturb and destabilize the membrane structure of intracellular vesicles and cause the aggregation or fusion of vesicles into new vesicles with larger size and higher content. Our findings are consistent with previous computational and experimental results and support the hypothesis that CNTs as a mediator can rearrange the phospholipid bilayer membrane and trigger homotypic fusion of intracellular vesicles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Hatamie
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lin Ren
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Xinwei Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Andrew G Ewing
- Department of Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Gothenburg, Kemivägen 10, 41296 Gothenburg, Sweden
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2
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Gold nanoparticles: uptake in human mast cells and effect on cell viability, inflammatory mediators, and proliferation. Mol Cell Toxicol 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s13273-021-00152-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Duguay BA, Lu L, Arizmendi N, Unsworth LD, Kulka M. The Possible Uses and Challenges of Nanomaterials in Mast Cell Research. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY 2020; 204:2021-2032. [PMID: 32253270 DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.1800658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Mast cells are tissue-resident immune cells that are involved in inflammation and fibrosis but also serve beneficial roles, including tissue maintenance, angiogenesis, pathogen clearance, and immunoregulation. Their multifaceted response and the ability of their mediators to target multiple organs and tissues means that mast cells play important roles in numerous conditions, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, drug sensitivities, ischemic heart disease, Alzheimer disease, arthritis, irritable bowel syndrome, infections (parasites, bacteria and viruses), and cancer. As a result, mast cells have become an important target for drug discovery and diagnostic research. Recent work has focused on applying novel nanotechnologies to explore cell biology. In this brief review, we will highlight the use of nanomaterials to modify mast cell functions and will discuss the potential of these technologies as research tools for understanding mast cell biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brett A Duguay
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Lei Lu
- School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, Sichuan, People's Republic of China
| | - Narcy Arizmendi
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada
| | - Larry D Unsworth
- Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 1H9, Canada; and
| | - Marianna Kulka
- Nanotechnology Research Centre, National Research Council Canada, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2M9, Canada.,Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E1, Canada
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4
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Shinde RB, Veerapandian M, Kaushik A, Manickam P. State-of-Art Bio-Assay Systems and Electrochemical Approaches for Nanotoxicity Assessment. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2020; 8:325. [PMID: 32411681 PMCID: PMC7198831 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.00325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Innovations in the field of nanotechnology, material science and engineering has rendered fruitful utilities in energy, environment and healthcare. Particularly, emergence of surface engineered nanomaterials offered novel varieties in the daily consumables and healthcare products including therapeutics and diagnostics. However, the nanotoxicity and bioactivity of the nanomaterials upon interaction with biological system has raised critical concerns to individual as well as to the environment. Several biological models including plant and animal sources have been identified to study the toxicity of novel nanomaterials, correlating the physio-chemical properties. Biological interaction of nanomaterials and its mediated physiological functions are studied using conventional cell/molecular biological assays to understand the expression levels of genetic information specific to intra/extra cellular enzymes, cell viability, proliferation and function. However, modern research still demands advanced bioassay methods to screen the acute and chronic effects of nanomaterials at the real-time. In this regard, bioelectrochemical techniques, with the recent advancements in the microelectronics, proved to be capable of providing non-invasive measurement of the nanotoxicity effects (in vivo and in vitro) both at single cellular and multicellular levels. This review attempted to provide a detailed information on the recent advancements made in development of bioassay models and systems for assessing the nanotoxicology. With a short background information on engineered nanomaterials and physiochemical properties specific to consumer application, present review highlights the multiple bioassay models evolved for toxicological studies. Emphasize on multiple mechanisms involved in the cell toxicity and electrochemical probing of the biological interactions, revealing the cytotoxicity were also provided. Limitations in the existing electrochemical techniques and opportunities for the future research focusing the advancement in single molecular and whole cell bioassay has been discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Murugan Veerapandian
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Ajeet Kaushik
- NanoBioTech Laboratory, Department of Natural Sciences, Division of Sciences, Art & Mathematics, Florida Polytechnic University, Lakeland, FL, United States
| | - Pandiaraj Manickam
- Electrodics and Electrocatalysis Division, CSIR-Central Electrochemical Research Institute (CECRI), Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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5
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Bettazzi F, Palchetti I. Nanotoxicity assessment: A challenging application for cutting edge electroanalytical tools. Anal Chim Acta 2019; 1072:61-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2019.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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6
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Qiu TA, Clement PL, Haynes CL. Linking nanomaterial properties to biological outcomes: analytical chemistry challenges in nanotoxicology for the next decade. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:12787-12803. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc06473c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
This article provides our perspective on the analytical challenges in nanotoxicology as the field is entering its third decade.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian A. Qiu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Minnesota
- Minneapolis
- USA
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7
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Manning BM, Meyer AF, Gruba SM, Haynes CL. Single-cell analysis of mast cell degranulation induced by airway smooth muscle-secreted chemokines. Biochim Biophys Acta Gen Subj 2015; 1850:1862-8. [PMID: 25986989 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbagen.2015.05.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2015] [Accepted: 05/08/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by narrowed airways, bronchial hyper-responsiveness, mucus hyper-secretion, and airway remodeling. Mast cell (MC) infiltration into airway smooth muscle (ASM) is a defining feature of asthma, and ASM regulates the inflammatory response by secreting chemokines, including CXCL10 and CCL5. Single cell analysis offers a unique approach to study specific cellular signaling interactions within large and complex signaling networks such as the inflammatory microenvironment in asthma. METHODS Carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry was used to study the effects of ASM-secreted chemokines on mouse peritoneal MC degranulation. RESULTS MC degranulation in response to CXCL10 and CCL5 was monitored at the single cell level. Relative to IgE-mediated degranulation, CXCL10- and CCL5-stimulated MCs released a decreased amount of serotonin per granule with fewer release events per cell. Decreased serotonin release per granule was correlated with increased spike half-width and rise-time values. CONCLUSIONS MCs are directly activated by ASM-associated chemokines. CXCL10 and CCL5 induce less robust MC degranulation compared to IgE- and A23187-stimulation. The kinetics of MC degranulation are signaling pathway-dependent, suggesting a biophysical mechanism of regulated degranulation that incorporates control over granule trafficking, transport, and docking machinery. GENERAL SIGNIFICANCE The biophysical mechanisms, including variations in number of exocytotic release events, serotonin released per granule, and the membrane kinetics of exocytosis that underlie MC degranulation in response to CXCL10 and CCL5 were characterized at the single cell level. These findings clarify the function of ASM-derived chemokines as instigators of MC degranulation relative to classical mechanisms of MC stimulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M Manning
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Audrey F Meyer
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Sarah M Gruba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Christy L Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
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8
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Lemaître F, Guille Collignon M, Amatore C. Recent advances in Electrochemical Detection of Exocytosis. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.02.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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9
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Özel RE, Liu X, Alkasir RS, Andreescu S. Electrochemical methods for nanotoxicity assessment. Trends Analyt Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2014.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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10
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Abstract
Nanomaterials, because of their tunable properties and performances, have been utilized extensively in everyday life related consumable products and technology. On exposure, beyond the physiological range, nanomaterials cause health risks via affecting the function of organisms, genomic systems, and even the central nervous system. Thus, new analytical approaches for nanotoxicity assessment to verify the feasibility of nanomaterials for future use are in demand. The conventional analytical techniques, such as spectrophotometric assay-based techniques, usually require a lengthy and time-consuming process and often produce false positives, and often cannot be implemented at a single cell level measurement for studying cell behavior without interference from its surrounding environment. Hence, there is a demand for a precise, accurate, sensitive assessment for toxicity using single cells. Recently, due to the advantages of automation of fluids and minimization of human errors, the integration of a cell-on-a-chip (CoC) with a microfluidic system is in practice for nanotoxicity assessments. This review explains nanotoxicity and its assessment approaches with advantages/limitations and new approaches to overcome the confines of traditional techniques. Recent advances in nanotoxicity assessment using a CoC integrated with a microfluidic system are also discussed in this review, which may be of use for nanotoxicity assessment and diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratikkumar Shah
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
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11
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Exocytosis of nanoparticles from cells: role in cellular retention and toxicity. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2013; 201-202:18-29. [PMID: 24200091 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2013.10.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 181] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2013] [Revised: 10/11/2013] [Accepted: 10/13/2013] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Over the past decade, nanoparticles (NPs) have been increasingly developed in various biomedical applications such as cell tracking, biosensing, contrast imaging, targeted drug delivery, and tissue engineering. Their versatility in design and function has made them an attractive, alternative choice in many biological and biomedical applications. Cellular responses to NPs, their uptake, and adverse biological effects caused by NPs are rapidly-growing research niches. However, NP excretion and its underlying mechanisms and cell signaling pathways are yet elusive. In this review, we present an overview of how NPs are handled intracellularly and how they are excreted from cells following the uptake. We also discuss how exocytosis of nanomaterials impacts both the therapeutic delivery of nanoscale objects and their nanotoxicology.
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12
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Manning BM, Hebbel RP, Gupta K, Haynes CL. Carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry reveals sickle-cell-induced inflammation and chronic morphine effects on single mast cells. ACS Chem Biol 2012; 7:543-51. [PMID: 22217155 DOI: 10.1021/cb200347q] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Sickle cell disease, caused by a mutation of hemoglobin, is characterized by a complex pathophysiology including an important inflammatory component. Mast cells are tissue-resident leukocytes known to influence a range of immune functions in a variety of different ways, largely through the secretion of biologically active mediators from preformed granules. However, it is not understood how mast cells influence the inflammatory environment in sickle cell disease. A notable consequence of sickle cell disease is severe pain. Therefore, morphine is often used to treat this disease. Because mast cells express opioid receptors, it is pertinent to understand how chronic morphine exposure influences mast cell function and inflammation in sickle cell disease. Herein, carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry (CFMA) was used to monitor the secretion of immunoactive mediators from single mast cells. CFMA enabled the detection and quantification of discrete exocytotic events from single mast cells. Mast cells from two transgenic mouse models expressing human sickle hemoglobin (hBERK1 and BERK) and a control mouse expressing normal human hemoglobin (HbA-BERK) were monitored using CFMA to explore the impact of sickle-cell-induced inflammation and chronic morphine exposure on mast cell function. This work, utilizing the unique mechanistic perspective provided by CFMA, describes how mast cell function is significantly altered in hBERK1 and BERK mice, including decreased serotonin released compared to HbA-BERK controls. Furthermore, morphine was shown to significantly increase the serotonin released from HbA-BERK mast cells and demonstrated the capacity to reverse the observed sickle-cell-induced changes in mast cell function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin M. Manning
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Vascular Biology Center, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Robert P. Hebbel
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Vascular Biology Center, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Kalpna Gupta
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Vascular Biology Center, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
| | - Christy L. Haynes
- Department of Chemistry and ‡Vascular Biology Center, Division of Hematology, Oncology & Transplantation, Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, United States
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Reed JA, Love SA, Lucero AE, Haynes CL, Canavan HE. Effect of polymer deposition method on thermoresponsive polymer films and resulting cellular behavior. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2012; 28:2281-7. [PMID: 21506526 PMCID: PMC3978603 DOI: 10.1021/la102606k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Poly(N-isopropyl acrylamide) or pNIPAM is a thermoresponsive polymer that is widely studied for use in bioengineering applications. The interest in this polymer lies in the polymer's unique capability to undergo a sharp property change near physiological temperature, which aids in the spontaneous release of biological cells from substrates. Currently, there are many methods for depositing pNIPAM onto substrates, including atom-transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) and electron beam ionization. Each method yields pNIPAM-coated substrates with different surface characteristics that can influence cell behavior. In this work, we compare two methods of pNIPAM deposition: plasma deposition and codeposition with a sol-gel. The resulting pNIPAM films were analyzed for use as substrates for mammalian cell culture based on surface characterization (XPS, ToF-SIMS, AFM, contact angles), cell attachment/detachment studies, and an analysis of exocytosis function using carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry (CFMA). We find that although both methods are useful for the deposition of functional pNIPAM films, plasma deposition is much preferred for cell-sheet engineering applications because of the films' thermoresponse, minimal change in cell density, and maintenance of supported cell exocytosis function.
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Affiliation(s)
- JA Reed
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
| | - SA Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota
| | - AE Lucero
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
| | - CL Haynes
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota
| | - HE Canavan
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of New Mexico
- Department of Chemical and Nuclear Engineering, University of New Mexico
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14
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Love SA, Liu Z, Haynes CL. Examining changes in cellular communication in neuroendocrine cells after noble metal nanoparticle exposure. Analyst 2012; 137:3004-10. [DOI: 10.1039/c2an00034b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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15
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Lin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Gothenburg, S-41296, Gothenburg, Sweden
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Marquis BJ, Liu Z, Braun KL, Haynes CL. Investigation of noble metal nanoparticleζ-potential effects on single-cell exocytosis function in vitro with carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry. Analyst 2011; 136:3478-86. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00785d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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17
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Evaluating the effects of immunotoxicants using carbon fiber microelectrode amperometry. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:2979-85. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4263-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2010] [Revised: 09/24/2010] [Accepted: 09/28/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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18
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Maurer-Jones MA, Lin YS, Haynes CL. Functional assessment of metal oxide nanoparticle toxicity in immune cells. ACS NANO 2010; 4:3363-73. [PMID: 20481555 DOI: 10.1021/nn9018834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
Understanding the nanoparticle-cell interaction is critical for the safe development of nanomaterials. Herein, we explore the impact of three metal oxide nanoparticles, nonporous Stober SiO(2), mesoporous SiO(2), and nonporous anatase TiO(2) nanoparticles, on primary culture mast cells. Using transmission electron microscopy and inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, we demonstrate that each class of nanoparticle is internalized by the mast cells, localizing primarily in the secretory granules, with uptake efficiency increasing in the following order: nonporous SiO(2) < porous SiO(2) < nonporous TiO(2) nanoparticles. The influence of nanoparticle-laden granules was assessed using carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry measurements that reveal functional changes in chemical messenger secretion from mast cell granules. Both nonporous and porous SiO(2) nanoparticles cause a decrease in the number of molecules released per granule, with nonporous SiO(2) also inducing a decrease in the amperometric spike frequency and, therefore, having a larger impact on cell function. As the two classes of SiO(2) nanoparticles vary only in their porosity, these results suggest that, while the mesoporous SiO(2) has a drastically larger total surface area due to the pores, the cell-contactable surface area, which is higher for the nonporous SiO(2), is more important in determining a nanoparticles' cellular impact. In comparison, exposure to nonporous TiO(2) slows the kinetics of secretion without altering the number of molecules released from the average granule. The varying immune cell response following exposure to nonporous SiO(2) and nonporous TiO(2) indicates that the nanoparticle-cell interactions are also modulated by surface chemistry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Maurer-Jones
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Assessment of functional changes in nanoparticle-exposed neuroendocrine cells with amperometry: exploring the generalizability of nanoparticle-vesicle matrix interactions. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 398:677-88. [PMID: 20428848 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-3735-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2010] [Accepted: 04/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Using two of the most commonly synthesized noble metal nanoparticle preparations, citrate-reduced Au and Ag, the impacts of short-term accidental nanoparticle exposure are examined in primary culture murine adrenal medullary chromaffin cells. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy (ICP-AES) and Alamar Blue viability studies revealed that nanoparticles are taken up by cells but do not decrease cell viability within 48 hours of exposure. Carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry (CFMA) examination of exocytosis in nanoparticle-exposed cells revealed that nanoparticle exposure does lead to decreased secretion of chemical messenger molecules, of up to 32.5% at 48 hours of Au exposure. The kinetics of intravesicular species liberation also slows after nanoparticle exposure, between 30 and 50% for Au and Ag, respectively. Repeated stimulation of exocytosis demonstrated that these effects persisted during subsequent stimulations, meaning that nanoparticles do not interfere directly with the vesicle recycling machinery but also that cellular function is unable to recover following vesicle content expulsion. By comparing these trends with parallel studies done using mast cells, it is clear that similar exocytosis perturbations occur across cell types following noble metal nanoparticle exposure, supporting a generalizable effect of nanoparticle-vesicle interactions.
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Marquis BJ, Maurer-Jones MA, Braun KL, Haynes CL. Amperometric assessment of functional changes in nanoparticle-exposed immune cells: varying Au nanoparticle exposure time and concentration. Analyst 2009; 134:2293-300. [PMID: 19838418 DOI: 10.1039/b913967b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A mast cell/fibroblast co-culture system is used as a model to assess the toxicity of Au nanoparticles over the course of 72 hours of exposure. Cellular uptake of nanoparticles was found to increase over the 72 hr exposure period and the nanoparticles localized within granular bodies of the primary culture mast cells. These granules were found to increase in volume with the addition of nanoparticles. There was no decrease in viability for 24 hr exposed cells but a slight viability decrease was found after 48 and 72 hr exposure. Carbon-fiber amperometry analysis of exocytosis of serotonin from mast cells revealed changing release profiles over the time course of exposure. In early exposure times, granular secretion of serotonin increased with exposure to Au nanoparticles whereas 72 hr exposure showed decreased secretion of serotonin with nanoparticle exposure. The kinetics of this release was also found to be affected by Au colloid exposure where the rate of serotonin expulsion decreased with increasing nanoparticle exposure. These results illustrate the dynamic nature of nanoparticle-cell interactions and the critical changes in cell behavior even when viability is unaffected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce J Marquis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Maurer-Jones MA, Bantz KC, Love SA, Marquis BJ, Haynes CL. Toxicity of therapeutic nanoparticles. Nanomedicine (Lond) 2009; 4:219-41. [PMID: 19193187 DOI: 10.2217/17435889.4.2.219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
A total of six nanotherapeutic formulations are already approved for medical use and more are in the approval pipeline currently. Despite the massive research effort in nanotherapeutic materials, there is relatively little information about the toxicity of these materials or the tools needed to assess this toxicity. Recently, the scientific community has begun to respond to the paucity of information by investing in the field of nanoparticle toxicology. This review is intended to provide an overview of the techniques needed to assess toxicity of these therapeutic nanoparticles and to summarize the current state of the field. We begin with background on the toxicological assessment techniques used currently as well as considerations in nanoparticle dosing. The toxicological research overview is divided into the most common applications of therapeutic nanoparticles: drug delivery, photodynamic therapy and bioimaging. We end with a perspective section discussing the current technological gaps and promising research aimed at addressing those gaps.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melissa A Maurer-Jones
- University of Minnesota, Department of Chemistry, 207 Pleasant Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Monitoring of vesicular exocytosis from single cells using micrometer and nanometer-sized electrochemical sensors. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:17-32. [PMID: 19274456 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2703-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2008] [Revised: 02/07/2009] [Accepted: 02/10/2009] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Communication between cells by release of specific chemical messengers via exocytosis plays crucial roles in biological process. Electrochemical detection based on ultramicroelectrodes (UMEs) has become one of the most powerful techniques in real-time monitoring of an extremely small number of released molecules during very short time scales, owing to its intrinsic advantages such as fast response, excellent sensitivity, and high spatiotemporal resolution. Great successes have been achieved in the use of UME methods to obtain quantitative and kinetic information about released chemical messengers and to reveal the molecular mechanism in vesicular exocytosis. In this paper, we review recent developments in monitoring exocytosis by use of UMEs-electrochemical-based techniques including electrochemical detection using micrometer and nanometer-sized sensors, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM), and UMEs implemented in lab-on-a-chip (LOC) microsystems. These advances are of great significance in obtaining a better understanding of vesicular exocytosis and chemical communications between cells, and will facilitate developments in many fields, including analytical chemistry, biological science, and medicine. Furthermore, future developments in electrochemical probing of exocytosis are also proposed.
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Willets KA. Surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) for probing internal cellular structure and dynamics. Anal Bioanal Chem 2009; 394:85-94. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-009-2682-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2008] [Revised: 01/29/2009] [Accepted: 02/04/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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Marquis BJ, Love SA, Braun KL, Haynes CL. Analytical methods to assess nanoparticle toxicity. Analyst 2009; 134:425-39. [PMID: 19238274 DOI: 10.1039/b818082b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 317] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
During the past 20 years, improvements in nanoscale materials synthesis and characterization have given scientists great control over the fabrication of materials with features between 1 and 100 nm, unlocking many unique size-dependent properties and, thus, promising many new and/or improved technologies. Recent years have found the integration of such materials into commercial goods; a current estimate suggests there are over 800 nanoparticle-containing consumer products (The Project on Emerging Nanotechnologies Consumer Products Inventory, , accessed Oct. 2008), accounting for 147 billion USD in products in 2007 (Nanomaterials state of the market Q3 2008: stealth success, broad impact, Lux Research Inc., New York, NY, 2008). Despite this increase in the prevalence of engineered nanomaterials, there is little known about their potential impacts on environmental health and safety. The field of nanotoxicology has formed in response to this lack of information and resulted in a flurry of research studies. Nanotoxicology relies on many analytical methods for the characterization of nanomaterials as well as their impacts on in vitro and in vivo function. This review provides a critical overview of these techniques from the perspective of an analytical chemist, and is intended to be used as a reference for scientists interested in conducting nanotoxicological research as well as those interested in nanotoxicological assay development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryce J Marquis
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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Sadik OA, Zhou AL, Kikandi S, Du N, Wang Q, Varner K. Sensors as tools for quantitation, nanotoxicity and nanomonitoring assessment of engineered nanomaterials. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 11:1782-800. [DOI: 10.1039/b912860c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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Love SA, Marquis BJ, Haynes CL. Recent advances in nanomaterial plasmonics: fundamental studies and applications. APPLIED SPECTROSCOPY 2008; 62:346A-362A. [PMID: 19094385 DOI: 10.1366/000370208786822331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara A Love
- Department of Chemistry, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA
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Marquis BJ, Haynes CL. The effects of co-culture of fibroblasts on mast cell exocytotic release characteristics as evaluated by carbon-fiber microelectrode amperometry. Biophys Chem 2008; 137:63-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bpc.2008.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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