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Kobidze G, Sprega G, Daziani G, Balloni A, Lo Faro AF, Farkas T, Peluso P, Basile G, Busardò FP, Chankvetadze B. Separation of undeuterated and partially deuterated enantioisotopologues of some amphetamine derivatives on achiral and polysaccharide-based chiral columns in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2024; 1718:464709. [PMID: 38350352 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2024.464709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
The different behavior of enantiomers of chiral compounds in non-isotropic environments (among them in living organism) is well known. On the other hand, the importance of a kinetic isotope effect in the biomedical field has become evident during past few decades. Thus, separation of both, enantiomers and isotopologues is now critical. Only very few published studies have attempted the simultaneous separation of enantioisotopologues. In this article we report baseline separation of partially deuterated isotopologues of a few amphetamine derivatives in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) using achiral columns. In addition, the simultaneous separations of enantiomers and isotopologues (i.e. enantioisotopologues) were attempted on polysaccharide-based chiral columns. For several compounds the isotope effect was tunable and could be switched from a "normal" to "inverse" by making changes to the mobile-phase composition. A stronger isotope effect was observed in acetonitrile-containing mobile phases compared to methanol-containing ones with both chiral and achiral columns. In a separation system where both "normal" and "inverse" isotope effects were observed the "normal" isotope effect was favored in polar organic solvents while increasing content of the aqueous component in the reversed-phase (RP) mobile phase favored an "inverse" isotope effect. This observation indicates that polar, hydrogen bonding-type noncovalent interactions are involved in the "normal" isotope effect, while apolar hydrophobic-type interactions are mostly responsible for the "inverse" isotope effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giorgi Kobidze
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Sprega
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Gloria Daziani
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Aurora Balloni
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Alfredo Fabrizio Lo Faro
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy
| | - Tivadar Farkas
- Phenomenex Inc., 411 Madrid Ave., Torrance, 90501 CA, USA
| | - Paola Peluso
- Istituto di Chimica Biomolecolare ICB-CNR, Sede secondaria di Sassari, Traversa La Crucca 3, Regione Baldinca, Li Punti, 07100 Sassari, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Basile
- Department of Trauma Surgery, IRCCS Galeazzi Orthopedic Institute, Via Riccardo Galeazzi 4, 20161 Milan, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolo Busardò
- Department of Excellence-Biomedical Sciences and Public Health, Università Politecnica delle Marche, 60121 Ancona, Italy.
| | - Bezhan Chankvetadze
- Institute of Physical and Analytical Chemistry, School of Exact and Natural Sciences, Tbilisi State University, 0179 Tbilisi, Georgia.
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Evaluation of gas chromatography for the separation of a broad range of isotopic compounds. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1165:338490. [PMID: 33975706 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The separation of deuterated compounds from their protiated counterparts is essential in areas of drug discovery and development, investigating kinetic isotope effects and quantitative methods of non-mass spectrometry-based stable isotope dilution assay (non-MS SIDA). The separations of 47 isotopologue pairs of common compounds and drugs were achieved by gas-liquid chromatography, employing twelve different stationary phases. Polydimethylsiloxane phase, phenyl substituted polydimethylsiloxane phases, wax phases, ionic liquid phases, and chiral stationary phases were selected to encompass a wide polarity range and diverse chemical interactions. The best-performing stationary phases are presented for separation of protic-polar, aprotic-dipolar, nonpolar analytes. Overall, the IL111i, SPB-20, and PAG stationary phases were remarkable in their ability to separate the isotopologues. The isotope effect was also evaluated. It was observed that nonpolar stationary phases often exhibit an inverse isotope effect in which heavier isotopic compounds elute earlier than their lighter counterparts. Conversely, polar stationary phases often show a normal isotope effect, while those of intermediate polarities can show both effects depending on the isotopologues. The location of deuterium atoms, however, affects isotopologue retention times. Deuterium substituted aliphatic groups appear to have a greater inverse isotope effect on retention than aromatic substituents.
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Tresca BW, Brueckner AC, Haley MM, Cheong PHY, Johnson DW. Computational and Experimental Evidence of Emergent Equilibrium Isotope Effects in Anion Receptor Complexes. J Am Chem Soc 2017; 139:3962-3965. [PMID: 28282134 PMCID: PMC5364433 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.7b00612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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The measurement of a deuterium equilibrium
isotope effect (EIE)
for the aryl CH···Cl– interaction
of anion receptor 1H/1D is reported. Computations corroborate
the results of solution measurements for a small, normal EIE in the
full complex (KaH/KaD = 1.019 ± 0.010). Interestingly,
isotope effects involving fragments of the anion receptor (urea, aryl
ring, etc.) are predicted to produce an inverse effect. This points
to an unusual and subtle structural organization effect of the anion
receptor complex that changes the nature of the combined interactions
to a normal isotope effect. The reversal of EIE values suggests that
overall architecture of the anion receptor can dramatically impact
the nature of bonding in these complexes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Blakely W Tresca
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
| | - Alexander C Brueckner
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Michael M Haley
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
| | - Paul H-Y Cheong
- Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University , 153 Gilbert Hall, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, United States
| | - Darren W Johnson
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry and the Materials Science Institute, University of Oregon , Eugene, Oregon 97403-1253, United States
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Wang T, Yang H, Qiu R, Huang S. Synthesis of novel chiral imidazolium stationary phases and their enantioseparation evaluation by high-performance liquid chromatography. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 944:70-77. [PMID: 27776641 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Revised: 09/11/2016] [Accepted: 09/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Two novel chiral stationary phases (CSPs) were prepared by bonding chiral imidazoliums on the surface of silica gel. The chiral imidazoles were derivatized from chiral amines, 1-phenylethylamine and 1-(1-naphthyl)ethylamine. The obtained CSPs were characterized by Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and elemental analysis (EA), demonstrating the bonding densities of CSP 1 and CSP 2 were 0.43 mmol g-1 and 0.40 mmol g-1, respectively. These two CSPs could be used to availably separate 8 pharmaceuticals, 7 mandelic acid/its derivatives, 2 1-phenylethylamine derivatives, 1 1,1'-bi-2-naphthol, and 1 camphorsulfonic acid in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). It is found that CSP 1 could effectively enantioseparate most chiral analytes, especially the acidic components, while CSP 2 could enantiorecognize all chiral analytes, although a number of components did not achieve baseline separation. Additionally, the effects of mobile phase composition, mobile phase pH and salt content, chiral selector structures, and analyte structures on the enantiorecognitions of the two CSPs were investigated. It is found that high acetonitrile content in mobile phases was conducive to enantiorecognition. Mobile phase pH and salt content could alter the retention behaviors of different enantiomers of the same chiral compound, resulting in better enantioresolution. Moreover, both chiral selector structures and substituted groups of analytes played a significant role in the separation of chiral solutes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wang
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Haiyan Yang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
| | - Ruchen Qiu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Shaohua Huang
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Synthetic Biology, Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China.
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Gas chromatography on wall-coated open-tubular columns with ionic liquid stationary phases. J Chromatogr A 2014; 1357:87-109. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2014.03.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 106] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2014] [Revised: 02/22/2014] [Accepted: 03/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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da Silva FT, Panno NF, de Souza MO, de Souza RF, Martini EMA. Electrochemical behavior of nickel in electrolytes based on 1-n-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ionic liquid for capacitor applications. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-012-1734-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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Hermann K, Turner DA, Hadad CM, Badjić JD. An Acid‐Catalyzed Cyclialkylation that Provides Rapid Access to a Twisted Molecular Basket. Chemistry 2012; 18:8301-5. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201201153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keith Hermann
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18thAvenue, Columbus OH 43210 (USA), Fax: (+) 614‐292‐1685
| | - Daniel A. Turner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18thAvenue, Columbus OH 43210 (USA), Fax: (+) 614‐292‐1685
| | - Christopher M. Hadad
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18thAvenue, Columbus OH 43210 (USA), Fax: (+) 614‐292‐1685
| | - Jovica D. Badjić
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, 100 West 18thAvenue, Columbus OH 43210 (USA), Fax: (+) 614‐292‐1685
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Pandey S, Ali M, Kamath G, Pandey S, Baker SN, Baker GA. Binding of the ionic liquid cation 1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium to p-tetranitrocalix[4]arene probed by fluorescent indicator displacement. Anal Bioanal Chem 2012; 403:2361-6. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-012-5980-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Revised: 03/20/2012] [Accepted: 03/26/2012] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Mugridge JS, Bergman RG, Raymond KN. Equilibrium isotope effects on noncovalent interactions in a supramolecular host-guest system. J Am Chem Soc 2012; 134:2057-66. [PMID: 22145944 DOI: 10.1021/ja2067324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
The self-assembled supramolecular complex [Ga(4)L(6)](12-) (1; L = 1,5-bis[2,3-dihydroxybenzamido]naphthalene) can act as a molecular host in aqueous solution and bind cationic guest molecules to its highly charged exterior surface or within its hydrophobic interior cavity. The distinct internal cavity of host 1 modifies the physical properties and reactivity of bound guest molecules and can be used to catalyze a variety of chemical transformations. Noncovalent host-guest interactions in large part control guest binding, molecular recognition and the chemical reactivity of bound guests. Herein we examine equilibrium isotope effects (EIEs) on both exterior and interior guest binding to host 1 and use these effects to probe the details of noncovalent host-guest interactions. For both interior and exterior binding of a benzylphosphonium guest in aqueous solution, protiated guests are found to bind more strongly to host 1 (K(H)/K(D) > 1) and the preferred association of protiated guests is driven by enthalpy and opposed by entropy. Deuteration of guest methyl and benzyl C-H bonds results in a larger EIE than deuteration of guest aromatic C-H bonds. The observed EIEs can be well explained by considering changes in guest vibrational force constants and zero-point energies. DFT calculations further confirm the origins of these EIEs and suggest that changes in low-frequency guest C-H/D vibrational motions (bends, wags, etc.) are primarily responsible for the observed EIEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeffrey S Mugridge
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, California 94720-1460, USA
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Joshi MD, Anderson JL. Recent advances of ionic liquids in separation science and mass spectrometry. RSC Adv 2012. [DOI: 10.1039/c2ra20142a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 152] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Ballesteros-Gómez
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Edificio Anexo Marie Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
| | - Soledad Rubio
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Edificio Anexo Marie Curie, Campus de Rabanales, 14071 Córdoba, Spain
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Poole CF, Poole SK. Ionic liquid stationary phases for gas chromatography. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:888-900. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201000724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2010] [Revised: 11/20/2010] [Accepted: 12/14/2010] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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Cao J, Qu H, Cheng Y. The use of novel ionic liquid-in-water microemulsion without the addition of organic solvents in a capillary electrophoretic system. Electrophoresis 2010; 31:3492-8. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201000168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Temperature Dependence of Interactions Between Stable Piperidine-1-yloxyl Derivatives and a Semicrystalline Ionic Liquid. Chemphyschem 2010; 11:2182-90. [DOI: 10.1002/cphc.200900977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
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El Moll H, Sémeril D, Matt D, Toupet L. Resorcin[4]arene-Derived Mono- and Diphosphines in Suzuki Cross-Coupling. Adv Synth Catal 2010. [DOI: 10.1002/adsc.200900767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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Fang G, Chen J, Wang J, He J, Wang S. N-Methylimidazolium ionic liquid-functionalized silica as a sorbent for selective solid-phase extraction of 12 sulfonylurea herbicides in environmental water and soil samples. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1217:1567-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 86] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2009] [Revised: 12/23/2009] [Accepted: 01/07/2010] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Ionic liquids in analytical chemistry. Anal Chim Acta 2010; 661:1-16. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2009.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 587] [Impact Index Per Article: 41.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2009] [Revised: 12/04/2009] [Accepted: 12/09/2009] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Strehmel V, Lungwitz R, Rexhausen H, Spange S. Relationship between hyperfine coupling constants of spin probes and empirical polarity parameters of some ionic liquids. NEW J CHEM 2010. [DOI: 10.1039/c0nj00253d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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