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Yang D, Lei L, Yang K, Gao K, Jia T, Wang L, Wang X, Xue C. An immunochromatography strip with peroxidase-mimicking ferric oxyhydroxide nanorods-mediated signal amplification and readout. Mikrochim Acta 2022; 189:58. [PMID: 35013820 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-05085-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Immunochromatography testing strips (ICTs) promise to become the point-of-care test format for early diagnosis due to their convenience, low cost, and simplification. However, the insufficient signal intensity and limited sensitivity of this format hamper their application. Herein, we overcame these limitations by integrating rod-like ferric oxyhydroxide (β-FeOOH) nanoparticles with ICTs. By varying the concentration of PEI, a one-pot, mild-temperature hydrolysis method was adapted for the synthesis and morphology regulation of β-FeOOH nanorod. Due to the excellent enzyme-like catalytic activity toward peroxidase substrates (TMB) in the presence of hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), the β-FeOOH nanorod in ICTs served as a signal generator and the nanozyme for signal amplification. The proof-of-concept work was performed for the detection of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG). A two fold improvement of detection sensitivity was achieved compared to the sensitivity of conventional Au NPs-based ICTs. These results show that β-FeOOH-based ICT has a potential application in POCT detection in clinical diagnostics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China. .,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China.
| | - Lei Lei
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China
| | - Kaidi Yang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China
| | - Keyi Gao
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China
| | - Tongtong Jia
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.,Key Laboratory of Chemical Additives for China National Light Industry, Xi'an, China
| | | | - Chaohua Xue
- College of Bioresources Chemical and Materials Engineering, Shaanxi University of Science & Technology, Xi'an, 710021, China.
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Gao M, Li X, Qi D, Lin J. Green Synthesis of Porous Spherical Reduced Graphene Oxide and Its Application in Immobilized Pectinase. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:32706-32714. [PMID: 33376908 PMCID: PMC7758952 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c05078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Pectinase is widely used in juice production, food processes, and other fields. However, owing to poor stability, free pectinase is difficult to separate from a substrate after hydrolysis and cannot be reused, and thus its industrial use is limited. Immobilized pectinase can solve these problems well. We prepared a carrier material of immobilized enzyme, which is called porous spherical reduced graphene oxide (rGO) with a rich pore structure, large specific surface area, strong hardness, and good biocompatibility to enzyme. Then, we evaluated the performance of the porous spherical rGO immobilized pectinase and characterized its structure by IR, XRD, and SEM. Using this material as a carrier of immobilized enzyme improves the load and catalytic activity of the enzyme. After 10 times of continuous use, the porous spherical rGO immobilized enzyme still maintained its initial relative enzyme activity at around 87%, indicating that immobilized pectinase had a stronger cycling stability, and its thermal stability, acid-base tolerance, and storage stability were superior to those of free pectinase. The results were compared with those of other studies on immobilized pectinase. The relative activity of pectinase immobilized by porous spherical rGO was at a high level after 10 consecutive uses. Overall, the spherical rGO is an excellent immobilized enzyme carrier material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Gao
- Key Laboratory of
Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Xiaoyuan Li
- Key Laboratory of
Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Danping Qi
- Key Laboratory of
Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals, Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur
Autonomous Region, College of Chemistry, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
| | - Jiangli Lin
- Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Fine Chemicals,
Ministry of Education & Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region, School
of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Xinjiang University, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830046, China
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Scanning electrochemical microscopy in the development of enzymatic sensors and immunosensors. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 141:111411. [PMID: 31228730 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Revised: 05/24/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) is very useful, non-invasive tool for the analysis of surfaces pre-modified with biomolecules or by whole cells. This review focuses on the application of SECM technique for the analysis of surfaces pre-modified with enzymes (horseradish peroxidase, alkaline phosphatase and glucose oxidase) or labelled with antibody-enzyme conjugates. The working principles and operating modes of SECM are outlined. The applicability of feedback, generation-collection and redox competition modes of SECM on surfaces modified by enzymes or labelled with antibody-enzyme conjugates is discussed. SECM is important in the development of miniaturized bioanalytical systems with enzymes, since it can provide information about the local enzyme activity. Technical challenges and advantages of SECM, experimental parameters, used enzymes and redox mediators, immunoassay formats and analytical parameters of enzymatic SECM sensors and immunosensors are reviewed.
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Morkvenaite-Vilkonciene I, Ramanaviciene A, Genys P, Ramanavicius A. Evaluation of Enzymatic Kinetics of GOx-based Electrodes by Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy at Redox Competition Mode. ELECTROANAL 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201700022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Inga Morkvenaite-Vilkonciene
- Vilnius University; Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Department of Physical Chemistry; Vilnius Lithuania
- Vilnius Gediminas Technical University; Department of Mechatronics and Robotics; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- Vilnius University; Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Povilas Genys
- Vilnius University; Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Department of Physical Chemistry; Vilnius Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- Vilnius University; Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Department of Physical Chemistry; Vilnius Lithuania
- State Research Institute Center for Physical Sciences and Technology; Laboratory of BioNanoTechnology; Vilnius Lithuania
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Ivanauskas F, Morkvenaite-Vilkonciene I, Astrauskas R, Ramanavicius A. Modelling of Scanning Electrochemical Microscopy at Redox Competition Mode Using Diffusion and Reaction Equations. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.10.179] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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6
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Influence of product adsorption on catalytic reaction determined by Michaelis–Menten kinetics. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2015.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Morkvenaite-Vilkonciene I, Ramanaviciene A, Ramanavicius A. Redox competition and generation-collection modes based scanning electrochemical microscopy for the evaluation of immobilised glucose oxidase-catalysed reactions. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08697j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Redox competition (RC-SECM) and generation-collection (GC-SECM) modes of scanning electrochemical microscopy were applied for the evaluation of a glucose oxidase (GOx)-modified non-conducting poly(methyl methacrylate) surface.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - A. Ramanaviciene
- Vilnius University
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Analytical and Environmental Chemistry
- Vilnius, Lithuania
| | - A. Ramanavicius
- Vilnius University
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Department of Physical Chemistry
- Vilnius, Lithuania
- State Research Institute Centre for Physical Sciences and Technology
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Burchardt M, Wittstock G. Micropatterned multienzyme devices with adjustable amounts of immobilized enzymes. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2013; 29:15090-15099. [PMID: 24200032 DOI: 10.1021/la402561g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Multienzyme microstructures of glucose oxidase (GOx) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) were prepared by layer-by-layer deposition inside microfluidic networks on glass substrates in order to allow both site-specific deposition and control of the amount of immobilized enzymes. The obtained microstructures were characterized by scanning force microscopy for the topography of the deposited layers. The local enzyme activity was characterized by the substrate-generation/tip-collection mode and the enzyme-mediated feedback mode of the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM). These measurements provided quantitative information about the immobilized enzyme activity as a basis for adjusting enzyme loading for multienzyme structures that realize logical operations based on enzymatic conversions. Information about local HRP activity can also be obtained by optical readout using an Amplex UltraRed fluorgenic substrate and reading with a confocal laser scanning microscope with a much higher repetition rate for image acquisition. Using these principles, a layout with HRP and GOx microstructures was realized that showed the functionality of an OR Boolean logic switch.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malte Burchardt
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg , School of Mathematics and Sciences, Center of Interface Science (CIS), Department of Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Schäfer D, Puschhof A, Schuhmann W. Scanning electrochemical microscopy at variable temperatures. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2013; 15:5215-23. [DOI: 10.1039/c3cp43520b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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10
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Tefashe UM, Rudolph M, Miura H, Schlettwein D, Wittstock G. Photovoltaic characteristics and dye regeneration kinetics in D149-sensitized ZnO with varied dye loading and film thickness. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2012; 14:7533-42. [DOI: 10.1039/c2cp40798a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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11
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Mirkin MV, Nogala W, Velmurugan J, Wang Y. Scanning electrochemical microscopy in the 21st century. Update 1: five years after. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2011; 13:21196-212. [DOI: 10.1039/c1cp22376c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 113] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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12
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Nunes Kirchner C, Träuble M, Wittstock G. Diffusion and reaction in microbead agglomerates. Anal Chem 2010; 82:2626-35. [PMID: 20222673 DOI: 10.1021/ac100168z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Scanning electrochemical microscopy has been used to analyze the flux of p-aminonophenol (PAP) produced by agglomerates of polymeric microbeads modified with galactosidase as a model system for the bead-based heterogeneous immunoassays. With the use of mixtures of enzyme-modified and bare beads in defined ratio, agglomerates with different saturation levels of the enzyme modification were produced. The PAP flux depends on the intrinsic kinetics of the galactosidase, the local availability of the substrate p-aminophenyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (PAPG), and the external mass transport conditions in the surrounding of the agglomerate and the internal mass transport within the bead agglomerate. The internal mass transport is influenced by the diffusional shielding of the modified beads by unmodified beads. SECM in combination with optical microscopy was used to determine experimentally the external flux. These data are in quantitative agreement with boundary element simulation considering the SECM microelectrode as an interacting probe and treating the Michaelis-Menten kinetics of the enzyme as nonlinear boundary conditions with two independent concentration variables [PAP] and [PAPG]. The PAPG concentration at the surface of the bead agglomerate was taken as a boundary condition for the analysis of the internal mass transport condition as a function of the enzyme saturation in the bead agglomerate. The results of this analysis are represented as PAP flux per contributing modified bead and the flux from freely suspended galactosidase-modified beads. These numbers are compared to the same number from the SECM experiments. It is shown that depending on the enzyme saturation level a different situation can arise where either beads located at the outer surface of the agglomerate dominate the contribution to the measured external flux or where the contribution of buried beads cannot be neglected for explaining the measured external flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolina Nunes Kirchner
- Carl von Ossietzky University of Oldenburg, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, CIS-Center of Interface Science, Department of Pure and Applied Chemistry, D-26111 Oldenburg, Germany
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Nogala W, Szot K, Burchardt M, Roelfs F, Rogalski J, Opallo M, Wittstock G. Feedback mode SECM study of laccase and bilirubin oxidase immobilised in a sol–gel processed silicate film. Analyst 2010; 135:2051-8. [DOI: 10.1039/c0an00068j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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SHIKU H, KUMAGAI A, LUO HQ, TAKAHASHI Y, YASUKAWA T, YAMADA H, MATSUE T. Electrochemical Characterization of Enzyme and Immunoglobulin G Patterned Using Microcontact Printing. ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2010. [DOI: 10.5796/electrochemistry.78.122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
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