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Aki S, Ikeda Y, Imamura K, Honda R, Miura Y, Hoshino Y. Design Rationale for CO 2 Separation Membranes with Micropatterned Surface Structures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:7709-7720. [PMID: 38311921 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2024]
Abstract
Here, we report the design rationale of CO2 separation membranes with micropatterned surface structures. Thin film composite (TFC) membranes with micropatterned surface structures were fabricated by spray coating amine-containing hydrogel particles on the top of micropatterned porous support membranes, which were synthesized by a polymerization-induced phase separation process in a micromold (PIPsμM). The pore size of the support membranes was optimized by tuning the proportion of good and poor solvents for the polymerization process so that the microgels would be assembled as a defect-free separation layer. The relationship between the size of the micropatterned structures on the surface of the support membrane and the thickness of the separation layer was optimized to maximize the surface area of the separation layer. The rationally designed micropatterned TFC membrane showed a CO2 permeability (835.8 GPU) proportional to the increase in surface area relative to the flat membrane with a high CO2/N2 selectivity of 58.7. The rational design for micropatterned TFC membranes will enable the development of inexpensive and high-performance functional membranes not only for CO2 separation but also for other applications such as water treatment and membrane reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoma Aki
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yuko Ikeda
- JCCL, Inc. ,4-1 Kyudai-Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0388, Japan
| | - Kazushi Imamura
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Honda
- JCCL, Inc. ,4-1 Kyudai-Shinmachi, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0388, Japan
| | - Yoshiko Miura
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Yu Hoshino
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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A frontal analysis combined with a simultaneous chromatographic analysis of macromolecules using a single chromatographic system. J Chromatogr A 2020; 1610:460571. [PMID: 31708219 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2019.460571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/25/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A chromatographic system was adapted to allow monitoring of eluent of preparative column via absorbance and with the chromatographic analysis of the target macromolecule on the same chromatographic system. The proposed approach was tested on important macromolecules, such as monoclonal antibodies, monoclonal antibody aggregates and plasmid DNA (pDNA). A frontal analysis was made on the preparative column, while a chromatographic on-line analysis was performed by sequentially injecting the preparative column outlet on a convection-based analytical column, operating on the same chromatographic system. Cation and/or anion exchangers were used as the chromatographic media (along with a protein A), depending on the sample to be purified. The method was found to be robust and reproducible. To adjust the limit of detection, an algorithm varying the number of injections was used, enabling accurate monitoring of an early breakthrough for concentrations below 1% of the feed concentration. The accuracy varies according to the applied flow rate, but it is typically in the range of few percent, or even below. Due to its simplicity and flexibility, the proposed method can be easily adapted to a pharmaceutical environment.
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Application of steric exclusion chromatography on monoliths for separation and purification of RNA molecules. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1574:50-59. [PMID: 30195858 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.08.063] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 08/22/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Steric exclusion chromatography (SXC) is a method for separation of large target solutes based on their association with a hydrophilic stationary phase through mutual steric exclusion of polyethylene glycol (PEG). Selectivity in SXC is determined by the size or shape (or both) of the solutes alongside the size and concentration of PEG molecules. Elution is achieved by decreasing the PEG concentration. In this study, SXC applicability for the separation and purification of single-stranded (ss) and double-stranded (ds) RNA molecules was evaluated for the first time. The retention of ssRNA and dsRNA molecules of different lengths on convective interaction media (CIM) monolithic columns was systematically studied under variable PEG-6000 and NaCl concentrations. We determined that over 90% of long ssRNAs (700-6374 nucleotides) and long dsRNAs (500-6374 base pairs) are retained on the stationary phase in 15% PEG-6000 and ≥0.4 M NaCl. dsDNA and dsRNA molecules of the same length were partially separated by SXC. Separation of RNA molecules below 100 nucleotides from longer RNA species is easily achieved by SXC. Furthermore, SXC has the potential to separate dsRNAs from ssRNAs of the same length. We also demonstrated that SXC is suitable for the enrichment of ssRNA (PRR1 bacteriophage) and dsRNA (Phi6 bacteriophage) viral genomes from contaminating cellular RNA species. In summary, SXC on CIM monolithic columns is an appropriate tool for rapid RNA separation and concentration.
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Martinović T, Josić D. Polymethacrylate-based monoliths as stationary phases for separation of biopolymers and immobilization of enzymes. Electrophoresis 2017; 38:2821-2826. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2017] [Revised: 07/20/2017] [Accepted: 07/14/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Djuro Josić
- Department of Biotechnology; University of Rijeka; Rijeka Croatia
- Warren Alpert Medical School; Brown University; Providence RI USA
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Podgornik A, Yamamoto S, Peterka M, Krajnc NL. Fast separation of large biomolecules using short monolithic columns. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2013; 927:80-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2013.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2012] [Revised: 02/01/2013] [Accepted: 02/04/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Romanovskaya A, Sarin LP, Bamford DH, Poranen MM. High-throughput purification of double-stranded RNA molecules using convective interaction media monolithic anion exchange columns. J Chromatogr A 2012; 1278:54-60. [PMID: 23332782 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2012.12.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2012] [Revised: 12/20/2012] [Accepted: 12/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Recent advances in the field of RNA interference and new cost-effective approaches for large-scale double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) synthesis have fuelled the demand for robust high-performance purification techniques suitable for dsRNA molecules of various lengths. To address this issue, we developed an improved dsRNA purification method based on anion exchange chromatography utilizing convective interaction media (CIM) monolithic columns. To evaluate column performance we synthesized a selection of dsRNA molecules (58-1810 bp) in a one-step enzymatic reaction involving bacteriophage T7 DNA-dependent RNA polymerase and phi6 RNA-dependent RNA polymerase. In addition, small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) of 25-27 bp were generated by Dicer digestion of the genomic dsRNA of bacteriophage phi6. We demonstrated that linearly scalable CIM monolithic quaternary amine (QA) columns can be used as a fast and superior alternative to standard purification methods (e.g. LiCl precipitation) to obtain highly pure dsRNA preparations. The impurities following Dicer treatment were quickly and efficiently removed with the QA CIM monolithic column, yielding siRNA molecules of high purity suitable for potential therapeutic applications. Moreover, baseline separation of dsRNA molecules up to 1 kb in non-denaturing conditions was achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alesia Romanovskaya
- Department of Biosciences, University of Helsinki, Biocenter 2, P.O. Box 56, 00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Podgornik A, Krajnc NL. Application of monoliths for bioparticle isolation. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3059-72. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2012] [Revised: 06/19/2012] [Accepted: 07/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aleš Podgornik
- The Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation and Process Control - COBIK; Solkan Slovenia
- BIA Separations d.o.o.; Ajdovščina Slovenia
| | - Nika Lendero Krajnc
- BIA Separations d.o.o.; Ajdovščina Slovenia
- The Centre of Excellence for Biosensors, Instrumentation and Process Control - COBIK; Solkan Slovenia
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Sousa Â, Sousa F, Queiroz JA. Advances in chromatographic supports for pharmaceutical-grade plasmid DNA purification. J Sep Sci 2012; 35:3046-58. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201200307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2012] [Revised: 05/28/2012] [Accepted: 06/02/2012] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ângela Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
| | - Fani Sousa
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
| | - João A. Queiroz
- CICS-UBI - Centro de Investigação em Ciências da Saúde; Universidade da Beira Interior; Covilhã Portugal
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Smrekar F, Ciringer M, Jančar J, Raspor P, Štrancar A, Podgornik A. Optimization of lytic phage manufacturing in bioreactor using monolithic supports. J Sep Sci 2011; 34:2152-8. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.201100182] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2011] [Revised: 04/17/2011] [Accepted: 04/18/2011] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Mönster A, Hiller O, Grüger D, Blasczyk R, Kasper C. Isolation and purification of blood group antigens using immuno-affinity chromatography on short monolithic columns. J Chromatogr A 2011; 1218:706-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.12.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2010] [Revised: 11/30/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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12
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André C, Herlem G, Gharbi T, Guillaume YC. A new arginase enzymatic reactor: development and application for the research of plant-derived inhibitors. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2011; 55:48-53. [PMID: 21310573 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2011.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2010] [Revised: 01/06/2011] [Accepted: 01/10/2011] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
This work was dedicated to the development of a new micro immobilized enzyme reactor (IMER) by using an in situ procedure. Arginase was covalently immobilized on an ethylenediamine (EDA) monolithic convective interaction media (CIM) disk (12mm × 3mm i.d.) previously derivatized with glutaraldehyde. The activity of this IMER was investigated by inserting this micro-IMER in a HPLC system. The effect of the arginase inhibitors was evaluated by the simultaneous injection of each inhibitor with the nitro guanidino benzene (NGB) substrate. The relative IC50 values were found in agreement with those derived by the conventional spectrometric method. This arginase micro-IMER system was also used to study the effects of plant-derived products on the arginase activity. The pet ether extract from the stem bark of the plant Ficus glomerata Roxob. and the procyanidin oligomers of cocoa and chocolate inhibit the arginase activity. Our results confirmed the direct effect of some plant extracts on the arginase activity and their interest in therapies for treating several NO-dependent smooth disorders.
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Brgles M, Clifton J, Walsh R, Huang F, Rucevic M, Cao L, Hixson D, Müller E, Josic D. Selectivity of monolithic supports under overloading conditions and their use for separation of human plasma and isolation of low abundance proteins. J Chromatogr A 2010; 1218:2389-95. [PMID: 21186030 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2010.11.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2010] [Revised: 10/19/2010] [Accepted: 11/25/2010] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Human serum albumin (HSA) and immunoglobulin G (IgG) represent over 75% of all proteins present in human plasma. These two proteins frequently interfere with detection, determination and purification of low abundance proteins that can be potential biomarkers and biomarker candidates for various diseases. Some low abundance plasma proteins such as clotting factors and inhibitors are also important therapeutic agents. In this paper, the characterization of ion-exchange monolithic supports under overloading conditions was performed by use of sample displacement chromatography (SDC). If these supports were used for separation of human plasma, the composition of bound and eluted proteins in both anion- and cation-exchange mode is dependent on column loading. Under overloading conditions, the weakly bound proteins such as HSA in anion-exchange and IgG in cation-exchange mode are displaced by stronger binding proteins, and this phenomenon was not dependent on column size. Consequently, small monolithic columns with a column volume of 100 and 200 μL are ideal supports for high-throughput screening in order to develop new methods for separation of complex mixtures, and for sample preparation in proteomic technology.
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In-column “click” preparation of hydrophobic organic monolithic stationary phases for protein separation. Anal Bioanal Chem 2010; 399:3407-13. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-010-4390-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2010] [Revised: 10/18/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Kreuß M, Kulozik U. Separation of glycosylated caseinomacropeptide at pilot scale using membrane adsorption in direct-capture mode. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:8771-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2009.01.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2008] [Revised: 01/19/2009] [Accepted: 01/26/2009] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Roberts MWH, Ongkudon CM, Forde GM, Danquah MK. Versatility of polymethacrylate monoliths for chromatographic purification of biomolecules. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2485-94. [PMID: 19603394 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Polymethacrylate monoliths, specifically poly(glycidyl methacrylate-co-ethylene dimethacrylate) or poly(GMA-co-EDMA) monoliths, are a new generation of chromatographic supports and are significantly different from conventional particle-based adsorbents, membranes, and other monolithic supports for biomolecule purification. Similar to other monoliths, polymethacrylate monoliths possess large pores which allow convective flow of mobile phase and result in high flow rates at reduced pressure drop, unlike particulate supports. The simplicity of the adsorbent synthesis, pH resistance, and the ease and flexibility of tailoring their pore size to that of the target biomolecule are the key properties which differentiate polymethacrylate monoliths from other monoliths. Polymethacrylate monoliths are endowed with reactive epoxy groups for easy functionalization (with anion-exchange, hydrophobic, and affinity ligands) and high ligand retention. In this review, the structure and performance of polymethacrylate monoliths for chromatographic purification of biomolecules are evaluated and compared to those of other supports. The development and use of polymethacrylate monoliths for research applications have grown rapidly in recent times and have enabled the achievement of high through-put biomolecule purification on semi-preparative and preparative scales.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael W H Roberts
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leicestershire, United Kingdom
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Monolith enzymatic microreactor at the frontier of glycomic toward a new route for the production of bioactive oligosaccharides. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2009.04.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Ščančar J, Milačič R. Applications of methacrylate-based monolithic supports for speciation analysis. J Sep Sci 2009; 32:2495-503. [DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200900219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Application of conjoint liquid chromatography with monolithic disks for the simultaneous determination of immunoglobulin G and other proteins present in a cell culture medium. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2671-5. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.102] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2008] [Revised: 09/15/2008] [Accepted: 09/29/2008] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Brne P, Lim YP, Podgornik A, Barut M, Pihlar B, Štrancar A. Development and characterization of methacrylate-based hydrazide monoliths for oriented immobilization of antibodies. J Chromatogr A 2009; 1216:2658-63. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.11.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2008] [Revised: 10/29/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Applications of polymethacrylate-based monoliths in high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1216:2637-50. [PMID: 18929365 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2008.09.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2008] [Revised: 09/22/2008] [Accepted: 09/25/2008] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Monolithic columns were introduced in the early 1990s and have become increasingly popular as efficient stationary phases for most of the important chromatographic separation modes. Monoliths are functionally distinct from porous particle-based media in their reliance on convective mass transport. This makes resolution and capacity independent of flow rate. Monoliths also lack a void volume. This eliminates eddy dispersion and permits high-resolution separations with extremely short flow paths. The analytical value of these features is the subject of recent reviews. Nowadays, among other types of rigid macroporous monoliths, the polymethacrylate-based materials are the largest and most examined class of these sorbents. In this review, the applications of polymethacrylate-based monolithic columns are summarized for the separation, purification and analysis of low and high molecular mass compounds in the different HPLC formats, including micro- and large-scale HPLC modes.
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Barut M, Podgornik A, Urbas L, Gabor B, Brne P, Vidic J, Plevcak S, Strancar A. Methacrylate-based short monolithic columns: enabling tools for rapid and efficient analyses of biomolecules and nanoparticles. J Sep Sci 2008; 31:1867-80. [PMID: 18615813 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200800189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 45] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
This review describes the novel chromatography stationary phase--a porous monolithic methacrylate-based polymer--in terms of the design of the columns and some of the features that make these columns attractive for the purification of large biomolecules. We first start with a brief summary of the characteristics of these large molecules (more precisely large proteins like immunoglobulins G and M, plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), and viral particles), and a list of some of the problems that were encountered during the development of efficient purification processes. We then briefly describe the structure of the methacrylate-based monolith and emphasize the features which make them more than suitable for dealing with large entities. The highly efficient structure on a small scale can be transferred to a large scale without the need of making column modifications, and the various approaches of how this is accomplished are briefly presented in this paper. This is followed by presenting some of the examples from the bioprocess development schemes, where the implementation of the methacrylate-based monolithic columns has resulted in a very efficient and productive process. Following this, we move back to the analytical scale and demonstrate the efficiency of the monolithic column--where the mass transfer between the stationary and mobile phase is greatly enhanced--for the in-process and final control of the new therapeutics. The combination of an efficient structure and the appropriate hardware results in separations of proteins with residence time less than 0.1 s.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Barut
- BIA Separations, Teslova 30, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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Likić S, Rusak G, Krajacić M. Separation of plant viral satellite double-stranded RNA using high-performance liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2008; 1189:451-5. [PMID: 18206900 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2007.12.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2007] [Revised: 11/24/2007] [Accepted: 12/31/2007] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
High-performance liquid chromatography was developed for further separation of double-stranded (ds) RNAs obtained by CF-11 cellulose chromatography from plants infected with satellite associated cucumber mosaic virus. Fractions separated by monolithic polymer column, especially applicable for nucleic acid analyses, were identified electrophoretically and confirmed with a polymerase chain reaction test. Once standardized, the method has revealed clear evidence of satellite presence without precipitation and electrophoresis. According to demonstrated sensitivity, its application in the preliminary diagnostics of field samples is also predictable. Principally, it can be used as a powerful preparative approach resulting in highly pure satellite dsRNA for further analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sasa Likić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia
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Delattre C, Michaud P, Vijayalakshmi MA. New monolithic enzymatic micro-reactor for the fast production and purification of oligogalacturonides. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 861:203-8. [PMID: 17870676 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.08.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 08/20/2007] [Accepted: 08/26/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Fast production and purification of alpha-(1,4)-oligogalacturonides was investigated using a new enzymatic reactor composed of a monolithic matrix. Pectin lyase from Aspergillus japonicus (Sigma) was immobilized on CIM-disk epoxy monolith. Studies were performed on free pectin lyase and immobilized pectin lyase to compare the optimum temperature, optimum pH, and thermal stability. It was determined that optimum temperature for free pectin lyase and immobilized pectin lyase on monolithic support is 30 degrees C, and optimum pH is 5. Monolithic CIM-disk chromatography is one of the fastest liquid chromatographic method used for separation and purification of biomolecules due to high mass transfer rate. In this context, online one step production and purification of oligogalacturonides was investigated associating CIM-disk pectin lyase and CIM-disk DEAE. This efficient enzymatic bioreactor production of uronic oligosaccharides from polygalacturonic acid (PGA) constitutes an original fast process to generate bioactive oligouronides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delattre
- Centre for BioSeparation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Delattre C, Kamalanathan AS, Michaud P, Vijayalakshmi MA. Purification of oligouronides by immobilized l-histidine pseudoaffinity chromatography. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2008; 861:181-5. [PMID: 17625991 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2007.06.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2007] [Revised: 06/18/2007] [Accepted: 06/23/2007] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Selective purification of alpha-(1,4)-oligogalacturonides was investigated using several pseudobioaffinity chromatography matrix with aminoacid L-histidine as pseudobiospecific ligand: (1) sepharose 4B-bisoxyran-histidine, (2) sepharose 4B-epoxy-histidine, (3) silica-oxyran-histidine and (4) CIM-disk-EDA-histidine. These anionic oligosaccharides prepared by enzymatic and chemical cleavage of polygalacturonic acid were used as models sugar in order to optimize the adsorption and elution parameters for a selective purification of bioactive oligouronides. Monolithic CIM-disk chromatography is one of the fastest liquid chromatographic method using for separation and purification of biomolecules thanks to high mass transfer rate. In this way, this new monolithic CIM-disk system with L-histidine immobilized: immobilized histidine affinity chromatography (IHAC) constitutes a good tool allowing the fast and selective purification of bioactive oligouronides.
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Affiliation(s)
- C Delattre
- Centre for BioSeparation Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology-University, Vellore 632014, Tamil Nadu, India.
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Monolithic macroporous albumin/chitosan cryogel structure: a new matrix for enzyme immobilization. Anal Bioanal Chem 2007; 390:907-12. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-007-1745-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2007] [Revised: 10/16/2007] [Accepted: 11/09/2007] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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Champagne J, Delattre C, Shanthi C, Satheesh B, Duverneuil L, Vijayalakshmi MA. Pseudoaffinity Chromatography Using a Convective Interaction Media®-Disk Monolithic Column. Chromatographia 2007. [DOI: 10.1365/s10337-007-0225-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
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29
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Josic D, Clifton JG. Use of monolithic supports in proteomics technology. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1144:2-13. [PMID: 17174320 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2006] [Revised: 11/26/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
An overview on the utilization of monoliths in proteomics technology will be given. Both silica- and polymer-based monoliths have broad use for microseparation of tryptic peptides in reversed-phase (RP) mode before identification by mass spectrometry (MS) or by MS/MS. For two-dimensional (2D) LC separation of peptides before MS or MS/MS analysis, a combination of ion-exchange, usually cation-exchange (CEX) chromatography with RP chromatography on monolithic supports can be employed. Immobilized metal ion affinity chromatography monoliths with immobilized Fe3+-ions are used for the isolation of phosphopeptides. Monoliths with immobilized affinity ligands are usually applied to the rapid separation of proteins and peptides. Miniaturized reactors with immobilized proteolytic enzymes are utilized for rapid on- or offline digestion of isolated proteins or protein mixtures prior to identification by LC-MS/MS. Monoliths also have broad potential for application in sample preparation, prior to further proteomic analyses. Monolithic supports with large pore sizes can be exploited for the isolation of nanoparticles, such as cells, organelles, viruses and protein aggregates. The potential for further adoption of monolithic supports in protein separation and enrichment of low abundance proteins prior to proteolytic digestion and final LC-MS/MS protein identification will be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Josic
- Proteomics Core, COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Rhode Island Hospital, CORO West, One Hoppin St., Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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30
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Krajacić M, Ivancic-Jelecki J, Forcic D, Vrdoljak A, Skorić D. Purification of plant viral and satellite double-stranded RNAs on DEAE monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2007; 1144:111-9. [PMID: 17187813 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.11.081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2006] [Revised: 11/25/2006] [Accepted: 11/28/2006] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Replicative double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is useful in preliminary identification of Cucumber mosaic virus and its satellite RNA (satRNA). This plant pathogen complex yields sufficient quantity of the replicative RNA form that can be isolated by chromatography on chemically unmodified graded cellulose powder (CF-11). In this work, much faster and more efficient procedure using DEAE monoliths was developed in which dsRNA was separated from other species in total nucleic acids extract originating from the infected plant tissue. The developed chromatographic method revealed the pathogens' presence in only 15 min, avoiding nucleic acid precipitation and electrophoretic analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mladen Krajacić
- University of Zagreb, Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Rooseveltov trg 6, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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31
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Podgornik A, Barut M, Jaksa S, Jancar J, Strancar A. APPLICATION OF VERY SHORT MONOLITHIC COLUMNS FOR SEPARATION OF LOW AND HIGH MOLECULAR MASS SUBSTANCES. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-120016211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ales Podgornik
- a BIA Separations d.o.o. , Teslova 30, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Milos Barut
- a BIA Separations d.o.o. , Teslova 30, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Suzana Jaksa
- b National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Janez Jancar
- a BIA Separations d.o.o. , Teslova 30, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
| | - Ales Strancar
- a BIA Separations d.o.o. , Teslova 30, Ljubljana, SI-1000, Slovenia
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32
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Blanco Gomis D, Sánchez Núñez N, Dolores Gutiérrez Álvarez M. High Speed Liquid Chromatography for In‐Process Control. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2007. [DOI: 10.1080/10826070600574937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Domingo Blanco Gomis
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
| | - Noé Sánchez Núñez
- a Department of Physical and Analytical Chemistry , University of Oviedo , Oviedo, Spain
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33
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Merhar M, Podgornik A, Barut M, Jakša S, Zigon M, Štrancar A. HIGH PERFORMANCE REVERSED-PHASE LIQUID CHROMATOGRAPHY USING NOVEL CIM RP-SDVB MONOLITHIC SUPPORTS. J LIQ CHROMATOGR R T 2006. [DOI: 10.1081/jlc-100105949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - S. Jakša
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia, SI-1000
| | - M. Zigon
- a National Institute of Chemistry , Hajdrihova 19, Ljubljana, Slovenia, SI-1000
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34
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Rucevic M, Clifton JG, Huang F, Li X, Callanan H, Hixson DC, Josic D. Use of short monolithic columns for isolation of low abundance membrane proteins. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1123:199-204. [PMID: 16546202 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.02.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2005] [Revised: 02/09/2006] [Accepted: 02/14/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Convective interaction media (CIM) monoliths provide a stationary phase with a high binding capacity for large molecules and are capable of high flow rates at a very low pressure drop. Used as anion- and cation-exchangers or with affinity ligands such as antibodies, these columns have the potential for processing large volumes of complex biological mixtures within a short time. In the present report, monoclonal antibodies against several rat liver plasma membrane proteins were bound and cross-linked to protein A or protein G CIM affinity columns with a bed volume of only 60 microL. Antigens recognized by bound antibodies and co-eluting (interacting) proteins were rapidly isolated in a single step from either total plasma membrane extracts or subfractions isolated using anion-exchange CIM disk-shaped columns. The isolated antigens and co-eluting proteins were subsequently identified by immunoblot or by LC-MS/MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marijana Rucevic
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Medicine, Rhode Island, Hospital, Providence, RI 02903, USA
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35
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Barut M, Podgornik A, Brne P, Strancar A. Convective interaction media short monolithic columns: enabling chromatographic supports for the separation and purification of large biomolecules. J Sep Sci 2006; 28:1876-92. [PMID: 16276780 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200500246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
New therapeutics that are being developed rely more and more on large and complex biomacromolecules like proteins, DNA, and viral particles. Manufacturing processes are being redesigned and optimized both upstream and downstream to cope with the ever-increasing demand for the above target molecules. In downstream processing, LC still represents the most powerful technique for achieving high yield and high purities of these molecules. In most cases, however, the separation technology relies on conventional particle-based technology, which has been optimized for the purification of smaller molecules. New technologies are, therefore, needed in order to push the downstream processing ahead and into the direction that will provide robust, productive, and easy to implement methods for the production of novel therapeutics. New technologies include the renaissance of membranes, various improvements of existing technologies, but also the introduction of a novel concept--the continuous bed or monolithic stationary phases. Among different introduced products, Convective Interaction Media short monolithic columns (SMC) that are based on methacrylate monoliths exhibit some interesting features that make them attractive for these tasks. SMC can be initially used for fast method development on the laboratory scale and subsequently efficiently transferred to preparative and even more importantly to industrial scale. A brief historical overview of methacrylate monoliths is presented, followed by a short presentation of theoretical considerations that had led to the development of SMC. The design of these columns, as well as their scale-up to large units, together with the methods for transferring gradient separations from one scale to another are addressed. Noninvasive methods that have been developed for the physical characterization of various batches of SMC, which fulfill the regulatory requirements for cGMP production, are discussed. The applications of SMC for the separation and purification of large biomolecules, which demonstrate the full potential of this novel technology for an efficient downstream processing of biomolecules, are also presented.
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36
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Saito H, Nakanishi K, Hirao K, Jinnai H. Mutual consistency between simulated and measured pressure drops in silica monoliths based on geometrical parameters obtained by three-dimensional laser scanning confocal microscope observations. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1119:95-104. [PMID: 16616926 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2006.03.087] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2005] [Revised: 03/20/2006] [Accepted: 03/23/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
The geometrical properties of co-continuous macroporous silica monoliths have been studied by laser scanning confocal microscopy (LSCM) and a comparison has been made with those obtained by conventional mercury intrusion method. Tetrahedral skeleton model (TMS), which mimics the gel skeleton shape of monoliths, was compared with real monoliths in terms of macropore and porosity using the geometrical parameters extracted from the LSCM observations. Liquid flow behavior through the macroporous silica monoliths was examined in comparison with those simulated using TSM, based on the geometrical properties obtained from LSCM observations. Heterogeneity in macropore topology and connectivity in pores and skeletons are suggested to contribute to the improvement of the model structure for macroporous monoliths.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haruko Saito
- Department of Material Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Kyoto University, Kyoto-daigaku-katsura, Nishikyo-ku, Japan
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37
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Lubbad S, Steiner SA, Fritz JS, Buchmeiser MR. Metathesis polymerization-derived monolithic membranes for solid-phase extraction coupled with diffuse reflectance spectroscopy. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1109:86-91. [PMID: 16360162 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.11.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2005] [Revised: 11/22/2005] [Accepted: 11/23/2005] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Novel monolithic disks were prepared via ring opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) from norborn-2-ene (NBE), a crosslinker, i.e., 1,4,5,8,8a-hexahydro-1,4,4,5,8, exo, endo-dimethanonaphthalene (DMN-H6) and tris(norborn-5-ene-2-ylmethylenoxy)methylsilane, respectively, 2-propanol and toluene (25:25:41:9, all %, w/w) using RuCl2(PCy3)2(CHPh) (Cy=cyclohexyl) as initiator and triphenylphosphine (PPh3) as modulator. Disks 1-2 mm thick were prepared by polymerization in a mold, disks thinner than 1mm were prepared by impregnation of nylon or other porous filters prior to the polymerization step. These disks were evaluated for the preconcentration of iodine and selected organic solutes from dilute aqueous samples by solid-phase extraction (SPE). Quantitative measurement of the extracted solutes was achieved by diffuse-reflectance spectroscopy (DRS) directly on the surface of the disk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Said Lubbad
- Institut für Analytische Chemie und Radiochemie, Universität Innsbruck, Innrain 52a, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria
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38
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Murata K, Mano N, Asakawa N. Development of a large-volume, membrane-based injection system for gradient elution micro-liquid chromatography. J Chromatogr A 2006; 1106:146-51. [PMID: 16213510 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2005.09.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2005] [Revised: 09/15/2005] [Accepted: 09/21/2005] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
A membrane unit which can be used to inject a large volume of sample solution was developed to facilitate reproducible and accurate gradient elution in micro-high-performance liquid chromatography (micro-HPLC). Since the membrane unit has a very low void volume, it facilitates the effective concentration of analytes in large sample volumes. Gradient elution micro-HPLC with the membrane unit allowed the efficient separation of n-alkyl benzoates, used as test samples, in a short time without marked gradient delay. In this study, the membrane unit could be loaded with up to 50 microg of n-hexyl benzoate, and more than 500 microL of sample solution could be applied. In about 50 chromatographic runs, the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the relative retention time of n-hexyl benzoate with respect to methyl benzoate was 0.530%.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaoru Murata
- Analytical Research Laboratories, Eisai Co., Ltd., 5-1-3 Tokodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 300-2635, Japan.
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39
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Josic D, Brown MK, Huang F, Callanan H, Rucević M, Nicoletti A, Clifton J, Hixson DC. Use of selective extraction and fast chromatographic separation combined with electrophoretic methods for mapping of membrane proteins. Electrophoresis 2005; 26:2809-22. [PMID: 15966017 DOI: 10.1002/elps.200500060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
A model system for selective solubilization and fast separation of proteins from the rat liver membrane fraction and purified rat liver plasma membranes for their further proteomic analysis is presented. For selective solubilization, high-pH solutions and a concentrated urea solution, combined with different detergents, are used. After extraction, proteins are separated by anion-exchange chromatography or a combination of anion- and cation-exchange chromatography with convective interaction monolithic supports. This separation method enables fast and effective prefractionation of membrane proteins based on their hydrophobicity and charge prior to one-dimensional (1-D) and 2-D electrophoresis and mass spectrometry. By use of this sample preparation method, the less-abundant proteins can be detected and identified.
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Affiliation(s)
- Djuro Josic
- Proteomics Core, COBRE Center for Cancer Research Development, Rhode Island Hospital, The CORO Center, Providence, RI 02903, USA.
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40
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Abstract
The history of the development of short monolithic beds is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana B Tennikova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg 199004, Russia.
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41
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Girelli AM, Mattei E. Application of immobilized enzyme reactor in on-line high performance liquid chromatography: A review. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2005; 819:3-16. [PMID: 15797515 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2005.01.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2004] [Accepted: 01/31/2005] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This review summarizes all the research efforts in the last decade (1994-2003) that have been spent to the various application of immobilized enzyme reactor (IMER) in on-line high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). All immobilization procedures including supports, kind of assembly into chromatographic system and methods are described. The effect of immobilization on enzymatic properties and stability of biocatalysts is considered. A brief survey of the main applications of IMER both as pre-column, post-column or column in the chemical, pharmaceutical, clinical and commodities fields is also reported.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Girelli
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza, P.le A. Moro 5, 00185 Roma, Italy.
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43
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Urthaler J, Schlegl R, Podgornik A, Strancar A, Jungbauer A, Necina R. Application of monoliths for plasmid DNA purification. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1065:93-106. [PMID: 15782955 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 123] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The demand of high-purity plasmid DNA (pDNA) for gene-therapy and genetic vaccination is still increasing. For the large scale production of pharmaceutical grade plasmids generic and economic purification processes are needed. Most of the current processes for pDNA production use at least one chromatography step, which always constitutes as the key-step in the purification sequence. Monolithic chromatographic supports are an alternative to conventional supports due to their excellent mass transfer properties and their high binding capacity for pDNA. Anion-exchange chromatography is the most popular chromatography method for plasmid separation, since polynucleotides are negatively charged independent of the buffer conditions. For the implementation of a monolith-based anion exchange step into a pDNA purification process detailed screening experiments were performed. These studies included supports, ligand-types and ligand-densities and optimization of resolution and productivity. For this purpose model plasmids with a size of 4.3 and 6.9 kilo base pairs (kbp) were used. It could be shown, that up-scaling to the production scale using 800 ml CIM Convective Interaction Media radial flow monoliths is possible under low pressure conditions. CIM DEAE was successfully implemented as intermediate step of the cGMP pDNA manufacturing process. Starting from 2001 fermentation aliquots pilot scale purification runs were performed in order to prove scale-up and to predict further up-scaling to 8 1 tube monolithic columns. The analytical results obtained from these runs confirmed suitability for pharmaceutical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jochen Urthaler
- Boehringer Ingelheim Austria GmbH, Dr Boehringer-Gasse 5-11, A-1121 Vienna, Austria.
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44
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Forcic D, Branovic-Cakanic K, Ivancic J, Jug R, Barut M, Strancar A. Purification of genomic DNA by short monolithic columns. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1065:115-20. [PMID: 15782957 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.10.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The isolation and purification of nucleic acids is essential for many procedures in molecular biology. After showing that bacterial and eukaryotic genomic DNA can be specifically bound to the CIM DEAE monolithic column, this characteristic was exploited in development of a simple and fast chromatographic procedure for isolation and purification of genomic DNA from cell lysates that does not include the usage of toxic organic solutions. The purity and the quality of the isolate as well as the duration of the procedure was similar to other chromatographic methods used today for isolation of genomic DNA, but the initial sample volume was not restricted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubravko Forcic
- Institute of Immunology Inc, Rockefellerova 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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45
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Platonova GA, Tennikova TB. Affinity processes realized on high-flow-through methacrylate-based macroporous monoliths. J Chromatogr A 2005; 1065:19-28. [PMID: 15782946 DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2004.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
The technology for preparation of rigid macroporous polymers suggested in the late 1980s has become a powerful instrument for the development of a novel scientific and practical field. At present, monolithic stationary phases are widely used in the processes of bioseparation (chromatography), bioconversion (enzyme reactors) as well as in other processes based on interphase mass distribution (for example, solid phase peptide and oligonucleotide synthesis). Bioaffinity modes of suggested dynamic methods are very promising for their use in different analytical processes (immunological, ecological, medical and other types of analytical monitoring), preparative isolation of blood proteins such as myoglobin, hemoglobin, immunoglobulins, etc. and also recombinant products directly from cell supernatants or lysates. For the first time, it has been shown that bioaffinity pairing with participation of immobilized on carefully designed rigid supports is very fast and the whole process of affinity separation can be realized within second time scale. The principle of bioaffinity recognition is generaly at the construction of biological reactors (for example, enzyme reactors). Improved kinetics of biocatalized reactions is explained by a minimal influence on the surface of the used sorbent. Very perspective field is the use of discussed monoliths for solid phase chemical synthesis of fragments of biological macromolecules (peptides and oligonucleotides). Several examples of these applications will be presented and discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Galina A Platonova
- Institute of Macromolecular Compounds, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg 199 004, Russia
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46
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Forcic D, Cakanic KB, Ivancic J, Jug R, Barut M, Strancar A, Mazuran R. Chromatographic detection of residual cellular DNA on short monolithic columns. Anal Biochem 2005; 336:273-8. [PMID: 15620892 DOI: 10.1016/j.ab.2004.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2004] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Analysis of crude samples from biotechnological processes is often required to demonstrate that residual host cell impurities are reduced or eliminated during purification. Current knowledge suggests that a continuous-cell-line DNA can be considered a cellular contaminant rather than a significant risk factor requiring removal to extremely low levels. Anion-exchange chromatography is one of the most important methods used in the downstream processing and analysis of different biomolecules. In this article, an application using Convective Interaction Media monolithic columns to improve the detection of residual cellular DNA is described.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dubravko Forcic
- Institute of Immunology Inc., Rockefeller Street 10, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia.
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47
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Podgornik A, Strancar A. Convective Interaction Media (CIM)--short layer monolithic chromatographic stationary phases. BIOTECHNOLOGY ANNUAL REVIEW 2005; 11:281-333. [PMID: 16216781 DOI: 10.1016/s1387-2656(05)11009-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Modern downstream processing requires fast and highly effective methods to obtain large quantities of highly pure substances. Commonly applied method for this purpose is chromatography. However, its main drawback is its throughput since purification, especially of large molecules, requires long process time. To overcome this problem several new stationary phases were introduced, among which short layer monoliths show superior properties for many applications. The purpose of this review is to give an overview about short methacrylate monolithic columns commercialised under the trademark Convective Interaction Media (CIM). Their unique properties are described from different perspectives, explaining reasons for their application on various areas. Approaches to prepare large volume methacrylate monolithic column are discussed and optimal solutions are given. Different examples of CIM monolithic column implementation are summarised in the last part of the article to give the reader an idea about their advantages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ales Podgornik
- BIA Separations d.o.o., Teslova 30, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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48
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Podgornik A, Jancar J, Merhar M, Kozamernik S, Glover D, Cucek K, Barut M, Strancar A. Large-scale methacrylate monolithic columns: design and properties. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2004; 60:179-89. [PMID: 15345291 DOI: 10.1016/j.jbbm.2004.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Monoliths represent a special class of chromatographic supports. In contrast to other stationary phases, they consist of a single piece of highly porous material through which a sample is mainly transported by convection. As a consequence, monoliths enable fast separations and exhibit flow-unaffected properties, which make them attractive for purification of macromolecules like proteins or DNA. In this work, methacrylate-based monolithic columns with the bed volume up to 8000 ml are characterized. They perform high-resolution separations of several hundreds of grams of proteins per hour by utilizing liter per minute flow rates. They are incompressible under these operating conditions and resistant to strong alkaline conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Podgornik
- BIA Separations d.o.o., Teslova 30, SI-1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
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49
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Jungbauer A, Hahn R. Monoliths for fast bioseparation and bioconversion and their applications in biotechnology. J Sep Sci 2004; 27:767-78. [PMID: 15354554 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200401812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Abstract
Monoliths have consolidated their position in bioseparation. More than 200 different applications have been reported in the past two decades and their advantages compared to conventional chromatography demonstrated. These include the high mass transfer efficiency due to the convective flow enabled by the macroporous character of the matrix. Recently plasmid DNA and viruses were separated with high efficiency and cryogels and monolithic superporous agarose were developed for capture of proteins from crude homogenates and separation of microorganisms or lymphocytes. Currently four companies manufacture monoliths mainly for analytical applications although monoliths with a volume of 0.8 liter are commercially available and 8 L are available as prototypes. A book entitled "Monolithic materials: preparation, properties and applications" was published in 2003 and became standard reference of the status of this area. This review focuses on the progress in monoliths that goes beyond the scope of this reference book. Less progress has been made in the field of bioconversions in spite of the fact that monolithic supports exhibit better performance than beads in enzymatic processing of macromolecules. It appears that the scientific community has not yet realized that supports for these applications are readily available. In addition, monoliths will further substantially advance bioseparations of both small and large molecules in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alois Jungbauer
- Department of Biotechnology, University of Natural Resources and Applied Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria.
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50
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Bencina M, Podgornik A, Strancar A. Characterization of methacrylate monoliths for purification of DNA molecules. J Sep Sci 2004; 27:801-10. [PMID: 15354557 DOI: 10.1002/jssc.200401784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
The suitability of methacrylate based anion exchange monolithic supports for the separation and purification of plasmid and genomic DNA has been explored. The effect of the size of the channels, ionic strength of the solution, and ligand density on the dynamic binding capacity has been investigated. The dynamic binding capacity was found to be flow independent, at least up to a linear velocity of 700 cm h(-1), and exceeded 9 mg mL(-1) for all types of DNA. The recovery depends on the pH value of the mobile phase and its ionic strength as well as on the density of the active groups. Under optimal conditions recoveries exceeding 80% were obtained even for genomic DNA. Finally, the suitability of this approach is demonstrated by purification of a real-life sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mojca Bencina
- Laboratory for Biotechnology and Industrial Mycology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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