1
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Luan J, Li Y, Yuan J, Wang Z, Shang X, Wang KP, Fang Y, Chen S, Hu ZQ. Simple cyclic chalcone dye with multiple optical functions: Piezochromism and lysosomes staining. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 318:124485. [PMID: 38788510 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 04/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Both artificially synthesized and naturally occurring cyclic chalcones have been widely studied for their excellent biological activities. However, research on its photophysical properties is still limited. In the present study, we designed and synthesized a small molecule fluorescent dye based on the ICT effect, using dimethylamino as the electron-donating group and carbonyl as the electron withdrawing group, and investigated its photophysical properties in depth. Although YB is a simple small molecule, it exhibits significant piezochromic properties. The fluorescence of YB can change from green to yellow through grinding. After solvent fumigation, the fluorescence reverts to green. Furthermore, YB was used successfully in the lysosomal targeting. This study expands the research on the photophysical properties of cyclic chalcone and give richness to application of cyclic chalcone compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Luan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Yahang Li
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Jianhao Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Zezhong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Xianzhao Shang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Kun-Peng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China
| | - Ying Fang
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Shaojin Chen
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
| | - Zhi-Qiang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Optic-electric Sensing and Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, MOE, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Qingdao University of Science and Technology, Qingdao 266042, China.
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2
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Aknine N, Klymchenko AS. Push-Pull Fluorescent Dyes with Trifluoroacetyl Acceptor for High-Fidelity Sensing of Polarity and Heterogeneity of Lipid Droplets. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39083638 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02322] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2024]
Abstract
Imaging and sensing of lipid droplets (LDs) attracted significant attention due to growing evidence for their important role in cell life. Solvatochromic dyes are promising tools to probe LDs' local polarity, but this analysis is biased by their non-negligible emission from intracellular membranes and capacity to emit from both the apolar core and polar interface of LDs. Here, we developed two push-pull solvatochromic dyes based on naphthalene and fluorene cores bearing an exceptionally strong electron acceptor, the trifluoroacetyl group. The latter was found to boost the optical properties of the dyes by shifting their absorption and emission to red and increasing their extinction coefficient, photostability, and sensitivity to solvent polarity (solvatochromism). In contrast to classical solvatochromic dyes, such as parent aldehydes and reference Nile Red, the new dyes exhibited strong fluorescence quenching by millimolar water concentrations in organic solvents. In live cells, the trifluoroacetyl dyes exhibited high specificity to LDs, whereas the parent aldehydes and Nile Red showed a detectable backgrounds from intracellular membranes. Experiments in model lipid membranes and nanoemulsion droplets confirmed the high selectivity of new probes to LDs in contrast to classical solvatochromic dyes. Moreover, the new probes were found to be selective to the LDs oil core, where they can sense lipid unsaturation and chain length. Their ratiometric imaging in cells revealed strong heterogeneity in polarity within LDs, which covered the range of polarities of unsaturated triglyceride oils, whereas Nile Red failed to properly estimate the local polarity of LDs. Finally, the probes revealed that LDs core polarity can be altered by fatty acid diets, which correlates with their chain length and unsaturation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Aknine
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI SysChem, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI SysChem, Faculté de Pharmacie, Université de Strasbourg, 67401 Illkirch, France
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3
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Pamungkas KKP, Fureraj I, Assies L, Sakai N, Mercier V, Chen XX, Vauthey E, Matile S. Core-Alkynylated Fluorescent Flippers: Altered Ultrafast Photophysics to Track Thick Membranes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202406204. [PMID: 38758302 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202406204] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 05/06/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent flippers have been introduced as small-molecule probes to image membrane tension in living systems. This study describes the design, synthesis, spectroscopic and imaging properties of flippers that are elongated by one and two alkynes inserted between the push and the pull dithienothiophene domains. The resulting mechanophores combine characteristics of flippers, reporting on physical compression in the ground state, and molecular rotors, reporting on torsional motion in the excited state, to take their photophysics to new level of sophistication. Intensity ratios in broadened excitation bands from differently twisted conformers of core-alkynylated flippers thus report on mechanical compression. Lifetime boosts from ultrafast excited-state planarization and lifetime drops from competitive intersystem crossing into triplet states report on viscosity. In standard lipid bilayer membranes, core-alkynylated flippers are too long for one leaflet and tilt or extend into disordered interleaflet space, which preserves rotor-like torsional disorder and thus weak, blue-shifted fluorescence. Flipper-like planarization occurs only in highly ordered membranes of matching leaflet thickness, where they light up and selectively report on these thick membranes with red-shifted, sharpened excitation maxima, high intensity and long lifetime.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ina Fureraj
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | | | - Xiao-Xiao Chen
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Eric Vauthey
- Department of Physical Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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4
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Chen HW, Cao HW, Li JZ, Chen YS, Li LY, Li ZK, Wang HJ, Wang MQ. D-π-A type fluorescent dyes: Effect of π-bridge units on optical and G4 DNA binding properties. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 323:124901. [PMID: 39094268 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 07/15/2024] [Accepted: 07/28/2024] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent solvatochromic dyes that are sensitive to the nature of local microenvironmental, have been explored as probes in applications ranging from the imaging biomolecules to understanding of basic biomolecule functions. To expand the scope of fluorescent solvatochromic dyes for G-quadruplex (G4) DNA structures, and to illustrate the relationship between structure and properties, three newly designed D-π-A type fluorescent dyes were synthesized by introducing diarylimidazole to carbazole skeleton linked to benzene, furan or thiophene π-conjugated bridge and connected with pyridinium acceptor, respectively. Their structural characteristics, optical properties, and G4 DNA binding properties were discussed in detail. In general, the incorporation of furan and thiophene as π-conjugated bridges leads the better conjugation and molecular coplanarity with more efficient intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) effect compared with benzene bridge. The fluorescence intensities induced upon interaction were found that TP-6 with thiophene π-conjugated bridge had the strongest response toward G4 DNAs. In addition, the application of this dye as a fluorescent agent for living cell imaging was also demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hai-Wen Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hao-Wen Cao
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Jing-Zhi Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Yan-Song Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Lu-Yu Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Ze-Kai Li
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China
| | - Hai-Jiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Biomedical Material, School of Life Science and Technology, Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453003, PR China.
| | - Ming-Qi Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, PR China.
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5
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Santos EM, Chandra I, Assar Z, Sheng W, Ghanbarpour A, Bingham C, Vasileiou C, Geiger JH, Borhan B. Regulation of Absorption and Emission in a Protein/Fluorophore Complex. ACS Chem Biol 2024. [PMID: 39046136 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
Human cellular retinol binding protein II (hCRBPII) was used as a protein engineering platform to rationally regulate absorptive and emissive properties of a covalently bound fluorogenic dye. We demonstrate the binding of a thio-dapoxyl analog via formation of a protonated imine between an active site lysine residue and the chromophore's aldehyde. Rational manipulation of the electrostatics of the binding pocket results in a 204 nm shift in absorption and a 131 nm shift in emission. The protein is readily expressed in mammalian systems and binds with exogenously delivered fluorophore as demonstrated by live-cell imaging experiments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth M Santos
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Ishita Chandra
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Zahra Assar
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Wei Sheng
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Alireza Ghanbarpour
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Courtney Bingham
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Chrysoula Vasileiou
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - James H Geiger
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
| | - Babak Borhan
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, United States
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6
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Miyada MG, Choi Y, Stepanauskas R, Woyke T, La Clair JJ, Burkart MD. Fluorometric Analysis of Carrier-Protein-Dependent Biosynthesis through a Conformationally Sensitive Solvatochromic Pantetheinamide Probe. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:1416-1425. [PMID: 38909314 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.4c00169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/24/2024]
Abstract
Carrier proteins (CPs) play a fundamental role in the biosynthesis of fatty acids, polyketides, and non-ribosomal peptides, encompassing many medicinally and pharmacologically relevant compounds. Current approaches to analyze novel carrier-protein-dependent synthetic pathways are hampered by a lack of activity-based assays for natural product biosynthesis. To fill this gap, we turned to 3-methoxychromones, highly solvatochromic fluorescent molecules whose emission intensity and wavelength are heavily dependent on their immediate molecular environment. We have developed a solvatochromic carrier-protein-targeting probe which is able to selectively fluoresce when bound to a target carrier protein. Additionally, the probe displays distinct responses upon CP binding in carrier-protein-dependent synthases. This discerning approach demonstrates the design of solvatochromic fluorophores with the ability to identify biosynthetically active CP-enzyme interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew G Miyada
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Yuran Choi
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Ramunas Stepanauskas
- Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences, East Boothbay, Maine 04544, United States
| | - Tanja Woyke
- DOE Joint Genome Institute, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Mail Stop: 91R183, 1 Cyclotron Road, Berkeley, California 94720, United States
| | - James J La Clair
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
| | - Michael D Burkart
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0358, United States
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7
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Xiao Y, Chen J, Li S, Zhang Q, Liu Y, Chen L, Sun Y, Gu M, Xie X, Nan F. Discovery of GPR84 Fluorogenic Probes Based on a Novel Antagonist for GPR84 Bioimaging. J Med Chem 2024; 67:10875-10890. [PMID: 38946306 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
GPR84 is a promising therapeutic target and biomarker for a range of diseases. In this study, we reported the discovery of BINOL phosphate (BINOP) derivatives as GPR84 antagonists. By investigating the structure-activity relationship, we identified 15S as a novel GPR84 antagonist. 15S exhibits low nanomolar potency and high selectivity for GPR84, while its enantiomer 15R is less active. Next, we rationally designed and synthesized a series of GPR84 fluorogenic probes by conjugating Nile red and compound 15S. The leading hybrid, probe F8, not only retained GPR84 activity but also exhibited low nonspecific binding and a turn-on fluorescent signal in an apolar environment. F8 enabled visualization and detection of GPR84 in GPR84-overexpressing HEK293 cells and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated neutrophils. Furthermore, we demonstrated that F8 can detect upregulated GPR84 protein levels in mice models of inflammatory bowel disease and acute lung injury. Thus, compound F8 represents a promising tool for studying GPR84 functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yufeng Xiao
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jing Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shaoxian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Qing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China
| | - Yin Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Linhai Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China
| | - Yadi Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
| | - Min Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xin Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China
| | - Fajun Nan
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, National Center for Drug Screening, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Science and Technology, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou 310024, China
- Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264117, Shandong, China
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8
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Wang J, Taki M, Ohba Y, Arita M, Yamaguchi S. Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging of Lipid Heterogeneity in the Inner Mitochondrial Membrane with a Super-photostable Environment-Sensitive Probe. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202404328. [PMID: 38804831 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202404328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
The inner mitochondrial membrane (IMM) undergoes dynamic morphological changes, which are crucial for the maintenance of mitochondrial functions as well as cell survival. As the dynamics of the membrane are governed by its lipid components, a fluorescent probe that can sense spatiotemporal alterations in the lipid properties of the IMM over long periods of time is required to understand mitochondrial physiological functions in detail. Herein, we report a red-emissive IMM-labeling reagent with excellent photostability and sensitivity to its environment, which enables the visualization of the IMM ultrastructure using super-resolution microscopy as well as of the lipid heterogeneity based on the fluorescence lifetime at the single mitochondrion level. Combining the probe and fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) showed that peroxidation of unsaturated lipids in the IMM by reactive oxygen species caused an increase in the membrane order, which took place prior to mitochondrial swelling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junwei Wang
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Masayasu Taki
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
| | - Yohsuke Ohba
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
| | - Makoto Arita
- Division of Physiological Chemistry and Metabolism, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Keio University, Minato-ku, Tokyo 105-8512, Japan
- Laboratory for Metabolomics, RIKEN Center for Integrative Medical Sciences (IMS), Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Cellular and Molecular Epigenetics Laboratory, Graduate School of Medical Life Science, Yokohama-City University, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, Kanagawa 230-0045, Japan
- Human Biology-Microbiome-Quantum Research Center (WPI-Bio2Q), Keio University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Shigehiro Yamaguchi
- Institute of Transformative Bio-Molecules, Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Integrated Research Consortium on Chemical Sciences (IRCCS), Nagoya University, Furo, Chikusa, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan
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9
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Tan M, Li W, He H, Wang J, Chen Y, Guo Y, Lin T, Ke F. Targeted mitochondrial fluorescence probe with large stokes shift for detecting viscosity changes in vivo and in ferroptosis process. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 315:124246. [PMID: 38593540 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
We created four fluorescent sensors in our work to determine the viscosity of mitochondria. Following screening, the probe Mito-3 was chosen because in contrast to the other three probes, it had a greater fluorescence enhancement, large Stokes shift (113 nm) and had a particular response to viscosity that was unaffected by polarity or biological species. As the viscosity increased from PBS to 90 % glycerol, the fluorescence intensity of probe at 586 nm increased 17-fold. Mito-3 has strong biocompatibility and is able to track changes in cell viscosity in response to nystatin and monensin stimulation. Furthermore, the probe has been successfully applied to detect changes in viscosity caused by nystatin and monensin in zebrafish. Above all, the probe can be applied to the increase in mitochondrial viscosity that accompanies the ferroptosis process. Mito-3 has the potential to help further study the relationship between viscosity and ferroptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meixia Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Wei Li
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Hongxing He
- Fujian Medical University Laboratory Animal Center, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Jin Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yan Chen
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Yuelin Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China
| | - Tiansheng Lin
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital, Fuzhou 350004, China.
| | - Fang Ke
- School of Pharmacy, Institute of Materia Medica, Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Natural Medicine Pharmacology, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
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10
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Li J, Chen S, Xu B, He Z, Yuan Q, Gan W. Temperature-Modulated Evolution of Surface Structures Induces Significant Enhancement of Two-Photon Fluorescent Emission from a Dye Molecule. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:6400-6409. [PMID: 38914939 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c02471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence is an essential property of molecules and materials that plays a pivotal role across various areas such as lighting, sensing, imaging, and other applications. For instance, temperature-sensitive fluorescence emission is widely utilized for chemo-/biosensing but usually decreases the intensity upon the increase in temperature. In this study, we observed a temperature-induced enhancement of up to ∼150 times in two-photon fluorescence (TPF) emission from a dye molecule, 4-(4-diethylaminostyry)-1-methylpyridinium iodide (D289), as it interacted with binary complex vesicles composed of two commonly applied surfactants: sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB). By employing second harmonic generation (SHG) and TPF techniques, we clearly revealed the temperature-dependent kinetic behavior of D289 on the surface of the vesicles and utilized it to interpret the origin of the significant TPF enhancement. Additionally, we also demonstrated a similar heating-induced enhancement of the TPF emission from D289 on the membrane of phospholipid vesicles, indicating the potential application of TPF in temperature sensing in the biology systems. The embedding of D289 in the tightly packed alkane chains was identified as the key factor in enhancing the TPF emission from D289. This finding may provide valuable information for synthesizing fluorescence materials with a high optical yield.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhui Li
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shujiao Chen
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Baomei Xu
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Zikai He
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qunhui Yuan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
| | - Wei Gan
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Flexible Printed Electronics Technology, School of Science, Harbin Institute of Technology (Shenzhen), University Town, Shenzhen 518055, Guangdong, China
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150001, Heilongjiang, China
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11
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Sobczak S, Katrusiak A. Structural insight into piezo-solvatochromism of Reichardt's dye. IUCRJ 2024; 11:528-537. [PMID: 38833319 PMCID: PMC11220889 DOI: 10.1107/s2052252524004603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
To date, accurate modelling of the solvation process is challenging, often over-simplifying the solvent-solute interactions. The interplay between the molecular arrangement associated with the solvation process and crystal nucleation has been investigated by analysis of the piezo-solvatochromic behaviour of Reichardt's dye, ET(1), in methanol, ethanol and acetone under high pressure. High-pressure single-crystal X-ray diffraction and UV-Vis spectroscopy reveal the impact of solute-solvent interactions on the optical properties of ET(1). The study underscores the intricate relationship between solvent properties, molecular conformation and crystal packing. The connection between liquid and solid phases emphasizes the capabilities of high-pressure methods for expanding the field of crystal engineering. The high-pressure environment allowed the determination of the crystal structures reported here that are built from organic molecules fourfold solvated with ethanol or methanol: ET(1)·4CH3OH and ET(1)·4C2H5OH·H2O. The observed piezo-solvatochromic effects highlight the potential of ET(1) in nonlinear optoelectronics and expand the application of solvatochromic chemical indicators to pressure sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szymon Sobczak
- Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, Poznań61-612, Poland
| | - Andrzej Katrusiak
- Adam Mickiewicz University, ul. Uniwersytetu Poznanskiego 8, Poznań61-612, Poland
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12
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Dasgupta A, Koerfer A, Kokot B, Urbančič I, Eggeling C, Carravilla P. Effects and avoidance of photoconversion-induced artifacts in confocal and STED microscopy. Nat Methods 2024; 21:1171-1174. [PMID: 38834747 DOI: 10.1038/s41592-024-02297-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/06/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence microscopy is limited by photoconversion due to continuous illumination, which results in not only photobleaching but also conversion of fluorescent molecules into species of different spectral properties through photoblueing. Here, we determined different fluorescence parameters of photoconverted products for various fluorophores under standard confocal and stimulated emission depletion (STED) microscopy conditions. We observed changes in both fluorescence spectra and lifetimes that can cause artifacts in quantitative measurements, which can be avoided by using exchangeable dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Dasgupta
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany
| | - Agnes Koerfer
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany
| | | | | | - Christian Eggeling
- Institute for Applied Optics and Biophysics, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Jena, Germany.
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany.
- Jena Center for Soft Matter (JCSM), Jena, Germany.
| | - Pablo Carravilla
- Leibniz Institute of Photonic Technology e.V., member of the Leibniz Centre for Photonics in Infection Research (LPI), Jena, Germany.
- Science for Life Laboratory, Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institute, Solna, Sweden.
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13
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Mirloup A, Berthomé Y, Riché S, Wagner P, Hanser F, Laurent A, Iturrioz X, Llorens-Cortes C, Karpenko J, Bonnet D. Alared: Solvatochromic and Fluorogenic Red Amino Acid for Ratiometric Live-Cell Imaging of Bioactive Peptides. Chemistry 2024; 30:e202401296. [PMID: 38641990 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202401296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2024] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
To fill the need for environmentally sensitive fluorescent unnatural amino acids able to operate in the red region of the spectrum, we have designed and synthesized Alared, a red solvatochromic and fluorogenic amino acid derived from the Nile Red chromophore. The new unnatural amino acid can be easily integrated into bioactive peptides using classical solid-phase peptide synthesis. The fluorescence quantum yield and the emission maximum of Alared-labeled peptides vary in a broad range depending on the peptide's environment, making Alared a powerful reporter of biomolecular interactions. Due to its red-shifted absorption and emission spectra, Alared-labeled peptides could be followed in living cells with minimal interference from cellular autofluorescence. Using ratiometric fluorescence microscopy, we were able to track the fate of the Alared-labeled peptide agonists of the apelin G protein-coupled receptor upon receptor activation and internalization. Due to its color-shifting environmentally sensitive emission, Alared allowed for distinguishing the fractions of peptides that are specifically bound to the receptor or unspecifically bound to different cellular membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Mirloup
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Yann Berthomé
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Stéphanie Riché
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Patrick Wagner
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Fabien Hanser
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Arthur Laurent
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Xavier Iturrioz
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicines and Technologies for Health Department, SIMoS, F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
| | - Catherine Llorens-Cortes
- Université Paris Saclay, CEA, INRAE, Medicines and Technologies for Health Department, SIMoS, F-91190, Gif-sur-Yvette, France
- Laboratory of Central Neuropeptides in the Regulation of Body Fluid Homeostasis and Cardiovascular Functions, College de France, INSERM U1050/CNRS UMR7241, 11 Place Marcelin Berthelot, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Julie Karpenko
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
| | - Dominique Bonnet
- Laboratoire d'Innovation Thérapeutique, UMR7200 CNRS/, Université de Strasbourg, Institut du Médicament de Strasbourg, 74 route du Rhin, F-67000, Strasbourg, France
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14
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Tanioka M, Mori M, Harada M, Matsuya Y, Kamino S. Nonpolar selective emission (NPSE) of carbonyl-bridged rhodols. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:6407-6410. [PMID: 38828530 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Polarity-responsive luminophores (PRLs), whose emission properties change in response to the polarity of the surrounding environment, are used for the fluorescence sensing of intracellular environments and various chemical compounds. Herein, we propose a concept called nonpolar selective emission (NPSE) for the development of a new PRL family. Unlike the conventional emission of PRLs, the NPSE luminophore can switch to a completely non-emissive state upon a slight increase in solvent polarity. The NPSE concept offers a new means of distinguishing between nonpolar and low-polarity environments. Moreover, the NPSE property is little affected by the viscosity of the surrounding medium. We demonstrate that NPSE dyes can be used as emission sensors for molecular gases. Furthermore, we discovered the potential use of NPSE dyes as a time-dependent security ink triggered by the volatilization of polar molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Masaru Tanioka
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Minori Mori
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Mei Harada
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
| | - Yuji Matsuya
- Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
| | - Shinichiro Kamino
- School of Pharmacy, Aichi Gakuin University, 1-100 Kusumoto-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8650, Japan
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15
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Lira RB, Dillingh LS, Schuringa JJ, Yahioglu G, Suhling K, Roos WH. Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy of flexible and rigid dyes probes the biophysical properties of synthetic and biological membranes. Biophys J 2024; 123:1592-1609. [PMID: 38702882 PMCID: PMC11214022 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2024.04.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 04/30/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Sensing of the biophysical properties of membranes using molecular reporters has recently regained widespread attention. This was elicited by the development of new probes of exquisite optical properties and increased performance, combined with developments in fluorescence detection. Here, we report on fluorescence lifetime imaging of various rigid and flexible fluorescent dyes to probe the biophysical properties of synthetic and biological membranes at steady state as well as upon the action of external membrane-modifying agents. We tested the solvatochromic dyes Nile red and 1,2-dimyristoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphoethanolamine-N-(7-nitro-2-1,3-benzoxadiazol-4-yl) (ammonium salt) (NBD), the viscosity sensor Bodipy C12, the flipper dye FliptR, as well as the dyes 3,3'-dioctadecyloxacarbocyanine perchlorate (DiO), Bodipy C16, lissamine-rhodamine, and Atto647, which are dyes with no previous reported environmental sensitivity. The performance of the fluorescent probes, many of which are commercially available, was benchmarked with well-known environmental reporters, with Nile red and Bodipy C12 being specific reporters of medium hydration and viscosity, respectively. We show that some widely used ordinary dyes with no previous report of sensing capabilities can exhibit competing performance compared to highly sensitive commercially available or custom-based solvatochromic dyes, molecular rotors, or flipper in a wide range of biophysics experiments. Compared to other methods, fluorescence lifetime imaging is a minimally invasive and nondestructive method with optical resolution. It enables biophysical mapping at steady state or assessment of the changes induced by membrane-active molecules at subcellular level in both synthetic and biological membranes when intensity measurements fail to do so. The results have important consequences for the specific choice of the sensor and take into consideration factors such as probe sensitivity, response to environmental changes, ease and speed of data analysis, and the probe's intracellular distribution, as well as potential side effects induced by labeling and imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael B Lira
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - Laura S Dillingh
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands; Department of Hematology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen & Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Jan-Jacob Schuringa
- Department of Hematology, Universitair Medisch Centrum Groningen & Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | | | - Klaus Suhling
- Department of Physics, King's College London, Strand, London, UK.
| | - Wouter H Roos
- Moleculaire Biofysica, Zernike Instituut, Rijksuniversiteit Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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16
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Ma J, Luo F, Hsiung CH, Dai J, Tan Z, Ye S, Ding L, Shen B, Zhang X. Chemical Control of Fluorescence Lifetime towards Multiplexing Imaging. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202403029. [PMID: 38641550 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202403029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Revised: 04/12/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/21/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescence lifetime imaging has been a powerful tool for biomedical research. Recently, fluorescence lifetime-based multiplexing imaging has expanded imaging channels by using probes that harbor the same spectral channels and distinct excited state lifetime. While it is desirable to control the excited state lifetime of any given fluorescent probes, the rational control of fluorescence lifetimes remains a challenge. Herein, we chose boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY) as a model system and provided chemical strategies to regulate the fluorescence lifetime of its derivatives with varying spectral features. We find electronegativity of structural substituents at the 8' and 5' positions is important to control the lifetime for the green-emitting and red-emitting BODIPY scaffolds. Mechanistically, such influences are exerted via the photo-induced electron transfer and the intramolecular charge transfer processes for the 8' and 5' positions of BODIPY, respectively. Based on these principles, we have generated a group of BODIPY probes that enable imaging experiments to separate multiple targets using fluorescence lifetime as a signal. In addition to BODIPY, we envision modulation of electronegativity of chemical substituents could serve as a feasible strategy to achieve rational control of fluorescence lifetime for a variety of small molecule fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Feng Luo
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chia-Heng Hsiung
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jianan Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zizhu Tan
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Songtao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Lina Ding
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhengzhou University, 100 Kexue Road, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Baoxing Shen
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, 310030, Zhejiang, China
- School of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, Westlake University, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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17
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Sun P, Chen HC, Guo W, Zhang Z, Sun S, Gao N, Jing YH, Wang B. A ratiometric fluorescent probe revealing the abnormality of acetylated tau by visualizing polarity in Alzheimer's disease. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:5619-5627. [PMID: 38770837 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00357h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Abnormal neuronal polarity leads to early deficits in Alzheimer's disease (AD) by affecting the function of axons. Precise and rapid evaluation of polarity changes is very important for the early prevention and diagnosis of AD. However, due to the limitations of existing detection methods, the mechanism related to how neuronal polarity changes in AD is unclear. Herein, we reported a ratiometric fluorescent probe characterized by neutral molecule to disclose the polarity changes in nerve cells and the brain of APP/PS1 mice. Cy7-K showed a sensitive and selective ratiometric fluorescence response to polarity. Remarkably, unlike conventional intramolecular charge transfer fluorescent probes, the fluorescence quantum yield of Cy7-K in highly polar solvents is higher than that in low polar solvents due to the transition of neutral quinones to aromatic zwitterions. Using the ratiometric fluorescence imaging, we found that beta-amyloid protein (Aβ) inhibits the expression of histone deacetylase 6, thereby increasing the amount of acetylated Tau protein (AC-Tau) and ultimately enhancing cell polarity. There was a high correlation between polarity and AC-Tau. Furthermore, Cy7-K penetrated the blood-brain barrier to image the polarity of different brain regions and confirmed that APP/PS1 mice had higher polarity than Wild-type mice. The probe Cy7-K will be a promising tool for assessing the progression of AD development by monitoring polarity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
- College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Northwest Normal University, Lanzhou 730070, People's Republic of China
| | - Hai-Chao Chen
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenting Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zefan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shihao Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningshuang Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yu-Hong Jing
- Institute of Anatomy and Histology & Embryology, Neuroscience, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People's Republic of China
| | - Baodui Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Nonferrous Metal Chemistry and Resources Utilization of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, People's Republic of China
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18
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Zuo J, Peng A, Wu P, Chen J, Yao C, Pan J, Zhu E, Weng Y, Zhang K, Feng H, Jin Z, Qian Z. Charge-regulated fluorescent anchors enable high-fidelity tracking of plasma membrane dynamics during biological events. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8934-8945. [PMID: 38873067 PMCID: PMC11168104 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Many biological processes generally require long-term visualization tools for time-scale dynamic changes of the plasma membrane, but there is still a lack of design rules for such imaging tools based on small-molecule fluorescent probes. Herein, we revealed the key regulatory roles of charge number and species of fluorescent dyes in the anchoring ability of the plasma membrane and found that the introduction of multi-charged units and appropriate charge species is often required for fluorescent dyes with strong plasma membrane anchoring ability by systematically investigating the structure-function relationship of cyanostyrylpyridium (CSP) dyes with different charge numbers and species and their imaging performance for the plasma membrane. The CSP-DBO dye constructed exhibits strong plasma membrane anchoring ability in staining the plasma membrane of cells, in addition to many other advantages such as excellent biocompatibility and general universality of cell types. Such a fluorescent anchor has been successfully used to monitor chemically induced plasma membrane damage and dynamically track various cellular biological events such as cell fusion and cytokinesis over a long period of time by continuously monitoring the dynamic morphological changes of the plasma membrane, providing a valuable precise visualization tool to study the physiological response to chemical stimuli and reveal the structural morphological changes and functions of the plasma membrane during these important biological events from a dynamic perspective. Furthermore, CSP-DBO exhibits excellent biocompatibility and imaging capability in vivo such as labelling the plasma membrane in vivo and monitoring the metabolic process of lipofuscin as an aging indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Aohui Peng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Penglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Junyi Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Junjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Yingye Weng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
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19
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Steves MA, He C, Xu K. Single-Molecule Spectroscopy and Super-Resolution Mapping of Physicochemical Parameters in Living Cells. Annu Rev Phys Chem 2024; 75:163-183. [PMID: 38360526 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-physchem-070623-034225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
By superlocalizing the positions of millions of single molecules over many camera frames, a class of super-resolution fluorescence microscopy methods known as single-molecule localization microscopy (SMLM) has revolutionized how we understand subcellular structures over the past decade. In this review, we highlight emerging studies that transcend the outstanding structural (shape) information offered by SMLM to extract and map physicochemical parameters in living mammalian cells at single-molecule and super-resolution levels. By encoding/decoding high-dimensional information-such as emission and excitation spectra, motion, polarization, fluorescence lifetime, and beyond-for every molecule, and mass accumulating these measurements for millions of molecules, such multidimensional and multifunctional super-resolution approaches open new windows into intracellular architectures and dynamics, as well as their underlying biophysical rules, far beyond the diffraction limit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan A Steves
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;
| | - Changdong He
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;
| | - Ke Xu
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Berkeley, California, USA;
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20
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Pyszka I, Krawczyk P, Jędrzejewska B. The Influence of the Alkylamino Group on the Solvatochromic Behavior of 5-(4-substituted-arylidene)-1,3-dimethylpyrimidine-2,4,6-triones: Synthesis, Spectroscopic and Computational Studies. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2447. [PMID: 38793513 PMCID: PMC11123250 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Advances in electronics and medical diagnostics have made organic dyes extremely popular as key functional materials. From a practical viewpoint, it is necessary to assess the spectroscopic and physicochemical properties of newly designed dyes. In this context, the condensation of 1,3-dimethylbarbituric acid with electron-rich alkylaminobenzaldehyde derivatives has been described, resulting in a series of merocyanine-type dyes. These dyes exhibit intense blue-light absorption but weak fluorescence. An electron-donating alkylamino group at position C4 is responsible for the solvatochromic behavior of the dyes since the lone electron pair of the nitrogen atom is variably delocalized toward the barbituric ring, which exhibits electron-withdrawing properties. This was elucidated, taking into account the different geometry of the amino group. The intramolecular charge transfer in the molecules is responsible for the relatively high redshift in absorption and fluorescence spectra. Additionally, an increase in solvent polarity moves the absorption and fluorescence to lower energy regions. The observed solvatochromism is discussed in terms of the four-parameter Catalán solvent polarity scale. The differences in the behavior of the dyes were quantified with the aid of time-dependent density functional theory calculations. The obtained results made it possible to find regularities linking the basic spectroscopic properties of the compounds with their chemical structure. This is important in the targeted search for new, practically important dyes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilona Pyszka
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Przemysław Krawczyk
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Kurpińskiego 5, 85-950 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Beata Jędrzejewska
- Faculty of Chemical Technology and Engineering, Bydgoszcz University of Science and Technology, Seminaryjna 3, 85-326 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
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21
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Işık M, Kısaçam MA. Readily Accessible and Brightly Fluorogenic BODIPY/NBD-Tetrazines via S NAr Reactions. J Org Chem 2024; 89:6513-6519. [PMID: 38598957 PMCID: PMC11077493 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c02864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 03/25/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024]
Abstract
We describe SNAr reactions of some commercial amino-tetrazines and halo-dyes, which give efficiently quenched BODIPY/NBD-tetrazines (ΦFl < 0.01) in high yields and, importantly, with high purities affordable via simple silica gel chromatography only. The dyes exhibit large Stokes shifts, moderate environmental sensitivity, and emission enhancements (up to 193-fold) upon Tz ligation with BCN─a strained dienophile. They successfully serve as labels for HSA protein premodified with BCN, resulting in bright blue-green emission upon ligation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Murat Işık
- Department
of Food Engineering, Bingöl University, 12000 Bingöl, Türkiye
| | - Mehmet Ali Kısaçam
- Department
of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mustafa Kemal University, 31060 Hatay, Türkiye
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22
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Tanaka T, Matsumoto A, Klymchenko AS, Tsurumaki E, Ikenouchi J, Konishi G. Fluorescent Solvatochromic Probes for Long-Term Imaging of Lipid Order in Living Cells. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2024; 11:e2309721. [PMID: 38468355 PMCID: PMC11077641 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202309721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/28/2024] [Indexed: 03/13/2024]
Abstract
High-resolution spatio-temporal monitoring of the cell membrane lipid order provides visual insights into the complex and sophisticated systems that control cellular physiological functions. Solvatochromic fluorescent probes are highly promising noninvasive visualization tools for identifying the ordering of the microenvironment of plasma membrane microdomains. However, conventional probes, although capable of structural analysis, lack the necessary long-term photostability required for live imaging at the cellular level. Here, an ultra-high-light-resistant solvatochromic fluorescence probe, 2-N,N-diethylamino-7-(4-methoxycarbonylphenyl)-9,9-dimethylfluorene (FπCM) is reported, which enables live lipid order imaging of cell division. This probe and its derivatives exhibit sufficient fluorescence wavelengths, brightness, polarity responsiveness, low phototoxicity, and remarkable photostability under physiological conditions compared to conventional solvatochromic probes. Therefore, these probes have the potential to overcome the limitations of fluorescence microscopy, particularly those associated with photobleaching. FπCM probes can serve as valuable tools for elucidating mechanisms of cellular processes at the bio-membrane level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takuya Tanaka
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152‐8552Japan
| | - Atsushi Matsumoto
- Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuoka819‐0395Japan
| | - Andery S. Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et PathologiesUMR 7021 CNRSUniversité de Strasbourg74 route du RhinIllkirch67401France
| | - Eiji Tsurumaki
- Department of ChemistryTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152‐8552Japan
| | - Junichi Ikenouchi
- Department of BiologyFaculty of SciencesKyushu UniversityFukuoka819‐0395Japan
| | - Gen‐ichi Konishi
- Department of Chemical Science and EngineeringTokyo Institute of TechnologyTokyo152‐8552Japan
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23
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Bhattacharyya A, Das A, Guchhait N. Investigating the Photophysical Aspects of a Naphthalene-Based Excited-State Proton Transfer Dye 1-(1 H-Benzo[ d]imidazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol: pH-Dependent Modulation of Photodynamics. J Phys Chem A 2024. [PMID: 38687998 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.3c07420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/02/2024]
Abstract
The steady state and time-resolved photophysical behavior of a proton transfer dye 1-(1H-benzo[d]imidazol-2-yl)naphthalen-2-ol (H-BINO) was investigated. The excited state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) reaction in H-BINO is predominant in nonpolar solutions (toluene and DCM) with a lifetime of ∼1.0 ns. However, in polar media (DMF and MeOH), the excited state photodynamics is characterized by a complex equilibrium of emission from the locally excited state (0.1-2.3 ns), the phototautomer (0.5-1.2 ns), and the anionic emission (2.1-5.4 ns). In the solid state, emission from the various aggregated states dictates the photobehavior. Interestingly, the photodynamics in aqueous solution changes starkly as a function of pH with the anionic (2.1 ns) and phototautomeric (0.5-1.0 ns) emissions guiding the photodynamics as the pH of the medium increases. Optimized structural parameters at the proton donor and acceptor sites for the enol and keto forms and the calculated potential energy curve along the proton transfer coordinate at the density functional theory (DFT) level with the B3LYP/6-311G++(d,p) theory support a favorable and barrierless ESIPT process. The current results will surely boost the ongoing research on small molecule emissive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Akash Das
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
| | - Nikhil Guchhait
- Department of Chemistry, University of Calcutta, 92, A.P.C. Road, Kolkata 700009, India
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24
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Gilliard G, Demortier T, Boubsi F, Jijakli MH, Ongena M, De Clerck C, Deleu M. Deciphering the distinct biocontrol activities of lipopeptides fengycin and surfactin through their differential impact on lipid membranes. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2024; 239:113933. [PMID: 38729019 DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2024.113933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 04/26/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
Lipopeptides produced by beneficial bacilli present promising alternatives to chemical pesticides for plant biocontrol purposes. Our research explores the distinct plant biocontrol activities of lipopeptides surfactin (SRF) and fengycin (FGC) by examining their interactions with lipid membranes. Our study shows that FGC exhibits a direct antagonistic activity against Botrytis cinerea and no marked immune-eliciting activity in Arabidopsis thaliana while SRF only demonstrates an ability to stimulate plant immunity. It also reveals that SRF and FGC exhibit diverse effects on membrane integrity and lipid packing. SRF primarily influences membrane physical state without significant membrane permeabilization, while FGC permeabilizes membranes without significantly affecting lipid packing. From our results, we can suggest that the direct antagonistic activity of lipopeptides is linked to their capacity to permeabilize lipid membrane while the stimulation of plant immunity is more likely the result of their ability to alter the mechanical properties of the membrane. Our work also explores how membrane lipid composition modulates the activities of SRF and FGC. Sterols negatively impact both lipopeptides' activities while sphingolipids mitigate the effects on membrane lipid packing but enhance membrane leakage. In conclusion, our findings emphasize the importance of considering both membrane lipid packing and leakage mechanisms in predicting the biological effects of lipopeptides. It also sheds light on the intricate interplay between the membrane composition and the effectiveness of the lipopeptides, providing insights for targeted biocontrol agent design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillaume Gilliard
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, TERRA teaching and research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Thomas Demortier
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, TERRA teaching and research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Farah Boubsi
- Microbial Processes and Interactions laboratory, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, TERRA teaching and research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - M Haissam Jijakli
- Integrated and Urban Plant Pathology Laboratory, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Marc Ongena
- Microbial Processes and Interactions laboratory, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, TERRA teaching and research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Caroline De Clerck
- AgricultureIsLife, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium
| | - Magali Deleu
- Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics at Interfaces, UMRt BioEcoAgro 1158 INRAE, TERRA teaching and research centre, Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, University of Liège, Gembloux 5030, Belgium.
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25
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Zhang X, Ma X, Zhang B, Yang D, Bai R, Gao Y, Sun H, Tang Y, Shi L. Design and Screening of Fluorescent Probes Based upon Hemicyanine Dyes for Monitoring Mitochondrial Viscosity in Living Cells. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:3910-3918. [PMID: 38607690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.4c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/14/2024]
Abstract
Viscosity, at the subcellular level, plays a crucial role as a physicochemical factor affecting microenvironment homeostasis. Abnormal changes in mitochondrial viscosity often lead to various diseases in the organism. Based on the twisted intramolecular charge transfer mechanism, four hemicyanine dye fluorescent probes (HT-SA, HT-SA-S, HT-Bzh, and HT-NA) were designed and synthesized for viscosity response. The single bond between the nitrogen-containing heterocycle and the carbon-carbon double in the structure of the probe bond served as the viscosity response site. Finally, the probe HT-Bzh was screened as the optimal mitochondrial viscosity probe according to its responsiveness, targeting, and interference resistance. The fluorescence intensity of the probe HT-Bzh increased 22-fold when the viscosity was increased from 13.75 to 811.2 cP. In summary, all four viscosity probes we have developed can be used in different applications depending on the external environment, providing a valuable reference for the design of potential tools to address viscosity monitoring in biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiufeng Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Xiaoying Ma
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Buyue Zhang
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Dawei Yang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ruiyang Bai
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Yuexing Gao
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
| | - Hongxia Sun
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yalin Tang
- National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Center for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory for Structural Chemistry of Unstable and Stable Species, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Lei Shi
- Hebei Key Laboratory of Medical-Industrial Integration Precision Medicine, College of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan 063210, China
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26
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Huang Y, Chang M, Gao X, Fang J, Ding W, Liu J, Shen B, Zhang X. NRhFluors: Quantitative Revealing the Interaction between Protein Homeostasis and Mitochondria Dysfunction via Fluorescence Lifetime Imaging. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:842-851. [PMID: 38680572 PMCID: PMC11046461 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c01532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/04/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024]
Abstract
Degenerative diseases are closely related to the changes of protein conformation beyond the steady state. The development of feasible tools for quantitative detection of changes in the cellular environment is crucial for investigating the process of protein conformational variations. Here, we have developed a near-infrared AIE probe based on the rhodamine fluorophore, which exhibits dual responses of fluorescence intensity and lifetime to local viscosity changes. Notably, computational analysis reveals that NRhFluors fluorescence activation is due to inhibition of the RACI mechanism in viscous environment. In the chemical regulation of rhodamine fluorophores, we found that variations of electron density distribution can effectively regulate CI states and achieve fluorescence sensitivity of NRhFluors. In addition, combined with the AggTag method, the lifetime of probe A9-Halo exhibits a positive correlation with viscosity changes. This analytical capacity allows us to quantitatively monitor protein conformational changes using fluorescence lifetime imaging (FLIM) and demonstrate that mitochondrial dysfunction leads to reduced protein expression in HEK293 cells. In summary, this work developed a set of near-infrared AIE probes activated by the RACI mechanism, which can quantitatively detect cell viscosity and protein aggregation formation, providing a versatile tool for exploring disease-related biological processes and therapeutic approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yubo Huang
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Meiyi Chang
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaochen Gao
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiabao Fang
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Wenjing Ding
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jiachen Liu
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Baoxing Shen
- School
of Food Science and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Normal University, 1 Wenyuan Road, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department
of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang China
- Westlake
Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang China
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27
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Wang BL, Zeng P, Jiang C, Chen Y, Qu J, Song J. Aromatic Alcohol-Based pH-Sensitive Chromophore with a Unique Near-Infrared Dual-Band Solvatochromic Property and Its Application as a Ratiometric Fluorescent Sensor for G-Quadruplexes. Anal Chem 2024; 96:6186-6194. [PMID: 38594223 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Solvatochromes have gained great attention because of their unique roles in monitoring biomolecular location, interaction, and dynamics. Particularly, solvatochromes presenting both red-shifting excitation and dual-band switchable emission are in great demand yet significantly difficult to come true. In this article, we disclose an aromatic alcohol-based pH-sensitive chromophore NIR-HBT that not only presents red-shifting excitation and solvent-dependent dual-band emission but also shows high photostability and excellent brightness. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first solvatochrome to simultaneously display these optical properties. Especially, in contrast to the reported dual-band solvatochromes whose solvatochromism is achieved by affecting their excited state behaviors, the solvatochromism of NIR-HBT is realized by modulating its ground state proton dissociation, which is a new solvatochromic mechanism that has not been reported. Furthermore, based on the dual-band solvatochromism of NIR-HBT and its intrinsic binding ability to GQs, near-infrared ratiometric detection of GQs is achieved. These results indicate that NIR-HBT is an attractive solvatochrome that can be used to develop near-infrared ratiometric biosensors for biological research. More broadly, the discovered solvatochromic mechanism can also open new horizons for exploring the solvatochrome.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Lin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University); College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Pengju Zeng
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University); College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
| | - Chuang Jiang
- College of Chemistry, Sichuan University, No. 29 Wangjiang Road, Chengdu 610064, China
| | - Yu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University); College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Medical Engineering and Technology College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
| | - Junle Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University); College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Medical Engineering and Technology College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
| | - Jun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Radio Frequency Heterogeneous Integration (Shenzhen University); College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, P. R. China
- Medical Engineering and Technology College, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830011, P. R. China
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28
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Gibbons AM, Ohno PE. Relative Humidity-Dependent Phase Transitions in Submicron Respiratory Aerosols. J Phys Chem A 2024; 128:3015-3023. [PMID: 38593044 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.4c00691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Respiratory viruses, such as influenza and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2, represent a substantial public health burden and are largely transmitted through respiratory droplets and aerosols. Environmental factors such as relative humidity (RH) and temperature impact virus transmission rates, and a precise mechanistic understanding of the connection between these environmental factors and virus transmission would improve efforts to mitigate respiratory disease transmission. Previous studies on supermicrometer particles observed RH-dependent phase transitions and linked particle phase state to virus viability. Phase transitions in atmospheric aerosols are dependent on size in the submicrometer range, and actual respiratory particles are expelled over a large size range, including submicrometer aerosols that can transmit diseases over long distances. Here, we directly investigated the phase transitions of submicrometer model respiratory aerosols. A probe molecule, Nile red, was added to particle systems including multiple mucin/salt mixtures, a growth medium, and simulated lung fluid. For each system, the polarity-dependent fluorescence emission was measured following RH conditioning. Notably, the fluorescence measurements of mucin/NaCl and Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium particles indicated that liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) also occurs in submicron particles, suggesting that LLPS can also impact the viability of viruses in submicron particles and thus affect aerosol virus transmission. Furthermore, the utility of fluorescence-based measurements to study submicrometer respiratory particle physicochemical properties in situ is demonstrated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angel M Gibbons
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
| | - Paul E Ohno
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Auburn University, Auburn, Alabama 36849, United States
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29
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Qin S, Wang X, Jiang Y. Dual-state emission, mechanofluorochromism, and lipid droplet imaging of asymmetric D-π-A-D'-type triads. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 311:124014. [PMID: 38354679 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Dual-state emission (DSE) is an emerging phenomenon wherein organic luminescent molecules display bright emissions in both molecularly isolated and packed states, addressing the challenge associated with the traditional paradigm of dyes with mono-state emission. This study presents the design and synthesis of two unsymmetrical triads, TPCA and TPCT, featuring a D-π-A-D' electronic structure by integrating phenothiazines, triphenylamines, and cyanostilbene. Photophysical assessments reveal that both molecules serve as robust DSEgens, exhibiting strong emissions in both solution and solid phases. TPCA displays ΦTHF 53.2% and Φsolids 43.2%, while TPCT exhibits ΦTHF 49.6% and Φsolids 37.5%. However, due to differences in molecular conformation and packing, they diverge in solid-state emission wavelengths and mechanofluorochromic behavior. In the solid state, TPCA emits strong red fluorescence, contrasting with TPCT, which emits orange fluorescence. Furthermore, TPCA demonstrates significant mechanofluorochromism (MFC), shifting from yellow to yellow-red upon mechanical grinding, while TPCT exhibits negligible MFC owing to conformational distinctions. As robust and low-toxic bioimaging agents, both TPCA and TPCT prove highly effective for lipid-droplet imaging studies. This research contributes valuable insights to the evolving field of DSE materials, elucidating the promising applications and mechanisms governing their versatile emission behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sihao Qin
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
| | - Xueyao Wang
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Yanfang Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Organ Regeneration & Transplantation of the Ministry of Education, Genetic Diagnosis Center, the First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China.
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30
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Groß P, Ihmels H. Studies About the Effect of Halogenated Solvents on the Fluorescence Properties of 9-Aryl-Substituted Isoquinolinium Derivatives - A Case Study. J Fluoresc 2024:10.1007/s10895-024-03691-z. [PMID: 38598108 DOI: 10.1007/s10895-024-03691-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2024] [Accepted: 03/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
It was demonstrated that 9-aryl-substituted isoquinolinium derivatives have significantly increased fluorescence quantum yields in halogenated solvents, mostly pronounced in chloroalkanes, which appears to be specific for this type of solvents. Further analysis with selected halogenated solvents revealed that the type and number of halogen substituents and the dielectric constant of the solvent have a distinct impact on the emission quantum yield. The solvent effect is explained by a solvation of the charge shift (CS) state by attractive halogen-π interactions (halogen bond), which impedes the torsional relaxation of the excited state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Philipp Groß
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cµ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany
| | - Heiko Ihmels
- Department of Chemistry and Biology, Center of Micro- and Nanochemistry and (Bio)Technology (Cµ), University of Siegen, Adolf-Reichwein-Str. 2, 57068, Siegen, Germany.
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31
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Mlakić M, Barić D, Ratković A, Šagud I, Čipor I, Piantanida I, Odak I, Škorić I. New Charged Cholinesterase Inhibitors: Design, Synthesis, and Characterization. Molecules 2024; 29:1622. [PMID: 38611900 PMCID: PMC11013433 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29071622] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Revised: 03/26/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Triazoles and triazolium salts are very common subunits in the structures of various drugs. Medicaments with a characteristic 1,2,3-triazole core are also being developed to treat neurodegenerative disorders associated with cholinesterase enzyme activity. Several naphtho- and thienobenzo-triazoles from our previous research emerged as being particularly promising in that sense. For this reason, in this research, new naphtho- and thienobenzo-triazoles 23-34, as well as 1,2,3-triazolium salts 44-51, were synthesized and tested. Triazolium salts 44-46 showed excellent activity while salts 47 and 49 showed very good inhibition toward both butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) and acetylcholinesterase (AChE) enzymes. In contrast, neutral photoproducts were shown to be selective towards BChE but with very good inhibition potential as molecules 24-27. The representative of newly prepared compounds, 45 and 50, were stable in aqueous solution and revealed intriguing fluorimetric properties, characterized by a strong Stokes shift of >160 nm. Despite their condensed polycyclic structure shaped similarly to well-known DNA-intercalator ethidium bromide, the studied compounds did not show any interaction with ds-DNA, likely due to the unfavorable steric hindrance of substituents. However, the studied dyes bind proteins, particularly showing very diverse inhibition properties toward AChE and BChE. In contrast, neutral photoproducts were shown to be selective towards a certain enzyme but with moderate inhibition potential. The molecular docking of the best-performing candidates to cholinesterases' active sites identified cation-π interactions as the most responsible for the stability of the enzyme-ligand complexes. As genotoxicity studies are crucial when developing new active substances and finished drug forms, in silico studies for all the compounds synthesized have been performed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Mlakić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Danijela Barić
- Group for Computational Life Sciences, Division of Physical Chemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ana Ratković
- Chemistry, Selvita Ltd., Prilaz Baruna Filipovića 29, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivana Šagud
- Croatian Agency for Medicinal Products and Medical Devices, Ksaverska Cesta 4, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
| | - Ivona Čipor
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Č.); (I.P.)
| | - Ivo Piantanida
- Division of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, Ruđer Bošković Institute, Bijenička Cesta 54, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia; (I.Č.); (I.P.)
| | - Ilijana Odak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Education, University of Mostar, Matice Hrvatske bb, 88000 Mostar, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Irena Škorić
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical Engineering and Technology, University of Zagreb, Trg Marka Marulića 19, HR-10 000 Zagreb, Croatia;
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32
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Coïs J, Bachollet SPJT, Sanchez L, Pietrancosta N, Vialou V, Mallet JM, Dumat B. Design of Bright Chemogenetic Reporters Based on the Combined Engineering of Fluorogenic Molecular Rotors and of the HaloTag Protein. Chemistry 2024:e202400641. [PMID: 38573546 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202400641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/04/2024] [Indexed: 04/05/2024]
Abstract
The combination of fluorogenic probes (fluorogens) and self-labeling protein tags represent a promising tool for imaging biological processes with high specificity but it requires the adequation between the fluorogen and its target to ensure a good activation of its fluorescence. In this work, we report a strategy to develop molecular rotors that specifically target HaloTag with a strong enhancement of their fluorescence. The divergent design facilitates the diversification of the structures to tune the photophysical and cellular properties. Four bright fluorogens with emissions ranging from green to red were identified and applied in wash-free live cell imaging experiments with good contrast and selectivity. A HaloTag mutant adapted from previous literature reports was also tested and shown to further improve the brightness and reaction rate of the most promising fluorogen of the series both in vitro and in cells. This work opens new possibilities to develop bright chemogenetic reporters with diverse photophysical and biological properties by exploring a potentially large chemical space of simple dipolar fluorophores in combination with protein engineering.
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Affiliation(s)
- Justine Coïs
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Sylvestre P J T Bachollet
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Louis Sanchez
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Nicolas Pietrancosta
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Vincent Vialou
- Laboratoire Neurosciences Paris Seine, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, INSERM, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Maurice Mallet
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Blaise Dumat
- Laboratoire des biomolécules, LBM, Département de chimie, École normale supérieure, PSL University, Sorbonne Université, CNRS, 75005, Paris, France
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33
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Erazo-Oliveras A, Muñoz-Vega M, Salinas ML, Wang X, Chapkin RS. Dysregulation of cellular membrane homeostasis as a crucial modulator of cancer risk. FEBS J 2024; 291:1299-1352. [PMID: 36282100 PMCID: PMC10126207 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Cellular membranes serve as an epicentre combining extracellular and cytosolic components with membranous effectors, which together support numerous fundamental cellular signalling pathways that mediate biological responses. To execute their functions, membrane proteins, lipids and carbohydrates arrange, in a highly coordinated manner, into well-defined assemblies displaying diverse biological and biophysical characteristics that modulate several signalling events. The loss of membrane homeostasis can trigger oncogenic signalling. More recently, it has been documented that select membrane active dietaries (MADs) can reshape biological membranes and subsequently decrease cancer risk. In this review, we emphasize the significance of membrane domain structure, organization and their signalling functionalities as well as how loss of membrane homeostasis can steer aberrant signalling. Moreover, we describe in detail the complexities associated with the examination of these membrane domains and their association with cancer. Finally, we summarize the current literature on MADs and their effects on cellular membranes, including various mechanisms of dietary chemoprevention/interception and the functional links between nutritional bioactives, membrane homeostasis and cancer biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alfredo Erazo-Oliveras
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Mónica Muñoz-Vega
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Michael L. Salinas
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Xiaoli Wang
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
| | - Robert S. Chapkin
- Program in Integrative Nutrition and Complex Diseases; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Department of Nutrition; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
- Center for Environmental Health Research; Texas A&M University; College Station, Texas, 77843; USA
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34
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Zhou W, O’Neill CL, Ding T, Zhang O, Rudra JS, Lew MD. Resolving the Nanoscale Structure of β-Sheet Peptide Self-Assemblies Using Single-Molecule Orientation-Localization Microscopy. ACS NANO 2024; 18:8798-8810. [PMID: 38478911 PMCID: PMC11025465 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.3c11771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/26/2024]
Abstract
Synthetic peptides that self-assemble into cross-β fibrils are versatile building blocks for engineered biomaterials due to their modularity and biocompatibility, but their structural and morphological similarities to amyloid species have been a long-standing concern for their translation. Further, their polymorphs are difficult to characterize by using spectroscopic and imaging techniques that rely on ensemble averaging to achieve high resolution. Here, we utilize Nile red (NR), an amyloidophilic fluorogenic probe, and single-molecule orientation-localization microscopy (SMOLM) to characterize fibrils formed by the designed amphipathic enantiomers KFE8L and KFE8D and the pathological amyloid-beta peptide Aβ42. Importantly, NR SMOLM reveals the helical (bilayer) ribbon structure of both KFE8 and Aβ42 and quantifies the precise tilt of the fibrils' inner and outer backbones in relevant buffer conditions without the need for covalent labeling or sequence mutations. SMOLM also distinguishes polymorphic branched and curved morphologies of KFE8, whose backbones exhibit much more heterogeneity than those of typical straight fibrils. Thus, SMOLM is a powerful tool to interrogate the structural differences and polymorphism between engineered and pathological cross-β-rich fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiyan Zhou
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Conor L. O’Neill
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Tianben Ding
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Oumeng Zhang
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Jai S. Rudra
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
| | - Matthew D. Lew
- Department of Electrical and Systems Engineering, McKelvey School of Engineering, Washington University in St. Louis, MO 63130, USA
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35
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Mehl BP, Vairaprakash P, Li L, Hinde E, MacNevin CJ, Hsu CW, Gratton E, Liu B, Hahn KM. Live-cell biosensors based on the fluorescence lifetime of environment-sensing dyes. CELL REPORTS METHODS 2024; 4:100734. [PMID: 38503289 PMCID: PMC10985238 DOI: 10.1016/j.crmeth.2024.100734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/26/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we examine the use of environment-sensitive fluorescent dyes in fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) biosensors. We screened merocyanine dyes to find an optimal combination of environment-induced lifetime changes, photostability, and brightness at wavelengths suitable for live-cell imaging. FLIM was used to monitor a biosensor reporting conformational changes of endogenous Cdc42 in living cells. The ability to quantify activity using phasor analysis of a single fluorophore (e.g., rather than ratio imaging) eliminated potential artifacts. We leveraged these properties to determine specific concentrations of activated Cdc42 across the cell.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brian P Mehl
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Pothiappan Vairaprakash
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Li Li
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Elizabeth Hinde
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Christopher J MacNevin
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Chia-Wen Hsu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Enrico Gratton
- Laboratory for Fluorescence Dynamics, Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92617, USA
| | - Bei Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
| | - Klaus M Hahn
- Department of Pharmacology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
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36
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Ji X, Wang N, Wang J, Wang T, Huang X, Hao H. Non-destructive real-time monitoring and investigation of the self-assembly process using fluorescent probes. Chem Sci 2024; 15:3800-3830. [PMID: 38487216 PMCID: PMC10935763 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06527h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/22/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly has been considered as a strategy to construct superstructures with specific functions, which has been widely used in many different fields, such as bionics, catalysis, and pharmacology. A detailed and in-depth analysis of the self-assembly mechanism is beneficial for directionally and accurately regulating the self-assembly process of substances. Fluorescent probes exhibit unique advantages of sensitivity, non-destructiveness, and real-time self-assembly tracking, compared with traditional methods. In this work, the design principle of fluorescent probes with different functions and their applications for the detection of thermodynamic and kinetic parameters during the self-assembly process were systematically reviewed. Their efficiency, limitations and advantages are also discussed. Furthermore, the promising perspectives of fluorescent probes for investigating the self-assembly process are also discussed and suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongtao Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
| | - Na Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Jingkang Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Ting Wang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Xin Huang
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
| | - Hongxun Hao
- National Engineering Research Center of Industrial Crystallization Technology, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering (Tianjin) Tianjin 300072 China
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University Tianjin 300072 China +86-22-27374971 +86-22-27405754
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37
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Pan J, Peng X, Yao C, Zuo J, Lei T, Feng H, Zhang K, Zhu E, Qian Z. Target-activated multicolor fluorescent dyes for 3D imaging of plasma membranes and tracking of apoptosis. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:2761-2770. [PMID: 38380679 DOI: 10.1039/d3tb02601a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
Real-time tracking of dynamic changes in the three-dimensional morphology of the cell plasma membrane is of great importance for a deeper understanding of physiological processes related to the cell plasma membrane. However, there is a lack of imaging dyes that can specifically be used for a long term labelling of plasma membranes, especially for plant cells. Here, we have used molecular engineering strategies to develop a series of target-activated multicolour fluorescent dyes that can be used for long-term and three-dimensional imaging of plant cell plasma membranes. By combining different electron acceptors and donors, four molecular backbones with different emission colours from green to NIR have been obtained. In the designed styrene-based dyes, referred to as the SD dyes, several functional groups were introduced into the backbones to achieve the properties of target-activated fluorescence, rapid and wash-free staining, high plasma membrane targeting ability and long-term imaging function. Using onion epidermal cells as a platform, these dye molecules can provide high-quality imaging of the plasma membrane for up to 6 hours, providing a powerful tool for long-term monitoring of plasma membrane-related biological events. Calcium-mediated apoptosis of plant cells has been tracked for the first time by monitoring the morphological changes of the plasma membrane in real time using SD dyes. These dyes also exhibit excellent 3D imaging performance of the plasma membrane and were further used to track in real time the 3D morphological changes of the plasma membrane during plasmolysis of plant cells, providing a powerful imaging tool for three-dimensional (3D) biology. This work provides a set of multi-colour dye tools for long-term and three-dimensional imaging of plant cell plasma membranes, and also provides molecular design principles for guiding the transmembrane transport of small molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Xin Peng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Tingting Lei
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Yingbin Road 688, Jinhua 321004, China.
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38
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McDonald PW, Ritchie C. A multi-chromic boron trifluoride-pyridyl Lewis adduct. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:3051-3054. [PMID: 38381356 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05996k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/22/2024]
Abstract
A boron trifluoride-pyridyl Lewis adduct is reported, which exhibits various types of chromism and high solid-state photoluminescence quantum yields, as well as excitation-dependent emission in the mechanically ground form. The facile synthetic approach offers a simple and potentially versatile strategy for inducing chromism in pyridyl ligands with donor moieties. We envisage this approach as having a dual benefit: simplicity and extensive applicability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter W McDonald
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
| | - Chris Ritchie
- School of Chemistry, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia.
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39
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Ragaller F, Sjule E, Urem YB, Schlegel J, El R, Urbancic D, Urbancic I, Blom H, Sezgin E. Quantifying Fluorescence Lifetime Responsiveness of Environment-Sensitive Probes for Membrane Fluidity Measurements. J Phys Chem B 2024; 128:2154-2167. [PMID: 38415644 PMCID: PMC10926104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c07006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2023] [Revised: 02/08/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
The structural diversity of different lipid species within the membrane defines its biophysical properties such as membrane fluidity, phase transition, curvature, charge distribution, and tension. Environment-sensitive probes, which change their spectral properties in response to their surrounding milieu, have greatly contributed to our understanding of such biophysical properties. To realize the full potential of these probes and avoid misinterpretation of their spectral responses, a detailed investigation of their fluorescence characteristics in different environments is necessary. Here, we examined the fluorescence lifetime of two newly developed membrane order probes, NR12S and NR12A, in response to alterations in their environments such as the degree of lipid saturation, cholesterol content, double bond position and configuration, and phospholipid headgroup. As a comparison, we investigated the lifetime sensitivity of the membrane tension probe Flipper in these environments. Applying fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) in both model membranes and biological membranes, all probes distinguished membrane phases by lifetime but exhibited different lifetime sensitivities to varying membrane biophysical properties (e.g., cholesterol). While the lifetime of Flipper is particularly sensitive to the membrane cholesterol content, the NR12S and NR12A lifetimes are moderately sensitive to both the cholesterol content and lipid acyl chains. Moreover, all of the probes exhibit longer lifetimes at longer emission wavelengths in membranes of any complexity. This emission wavelength dependency results in varying lifetime resolutions at different spectral regions, which are highly relevant for FLIM data acquisition. Our data provide valuable insights on how to perform FLIM with these probes and highlight both their potential and limitations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Ragaller
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Ellen Sjule
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Yagmur Balim Urem
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Jan Schlegel
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Rojbin El
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
| | - Dunja Urbancic
- Weatherall
Institute of Molecular Medicine, University
of Oxford, OX39DS Oxford, United
Kingdom
- Faculty
of Pharmacy, University
of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Iztok Urbancic
- Laboratory
of Biophysics, Condensed Matter Physics Department, Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Hans Blom
- Science
for Life Laboratory, Department of Applied Physics, Royal Institute of Technology, 17165 Solna, Sweden
| | - Erdinc Sezgin
- Department
of Women’s and Children’s Health, Science for Life Laboratory, Karolinska Institutet, 17165 Solna, Sweden
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40
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Ma X, Jin X, Bai H, Ma L, Li X, Fang X, Chen W, She M. Visual detection of water content in liquor with near-infrared fluorescence sensor assisted by smartphone. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 308:123791. [PMID: 38134656 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2023.123791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/16/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023]
Abstract
Water content was an essential indicator in organic solvents, and it was necessary to develop a facile, cheap and readily available tool for the real-time, specifical and sensitive detection of water content. In this work, two novel D-π-A type near-infrared fluorescence sensors (DCM-1 and DCM-2) were designed and synthesized for the detection of trace water in organic solvents. DCM-1 and DCM-2 with solvent-dependent effects and large Stokes shift (>120 nm) showed good linear "intensity-to-content" relationships in four commonly-used organic solvents, and accomplished the ultra-fast and high-accuracy detection of the trace water in organic solvents. More importantly, a portable, fast, and accurate smartphone-assisted visual assay was designed for visual quantitative detection of the water content in organic solvents with a detection limit as low as 1.028 % v/v (e.g. in ethanol) and a wide detection range (0-60 % v/v). The smartphone-based visual assay was further applied to estimate the water content in disinfection alcohol and commercial liquor, which furnished a new strategy and broad prospects to achieve the accurate onsite detection of water content.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuehao Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xilang Jin
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China.
| | - Haiyan Bai
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xiao Li
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Xingliang Fang
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Weixing Chen
- Engineering Research Center of Light Stabilizers for Polymer Materials, Universities of Shaanxi Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, Xi'an Technological University, Xi'an 710021, PR China
| | - Mengyao She
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Modern Biotechnology in Western China, The College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an, Shaanxi Province 710069, PR China.
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41
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Ma J, Sun R, Xia K, Xia Q, Liu Y, Zhang X. Design and Application of Fluorescent Probes to Detect Cellular Physical Microenvironments. Chem Rev 2024; 124:1738-1861. [PMID: 38354333 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.3c00573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
The microenvironment is indispensable for functionality of various biomacromolecules, subcellular compartments, living cells, and organisms. In particular, physical properties within the biological microenvironment could exert profound effects on both the cellular physiology and pathology, with parameters including the polarity, viscosity, pH, and other relevant factors. There is a significant demand to directly visualize and quantitatively measure the fluctuation in the cellular microenvironment with spatiotemporal resolution. To satisfy this need, analytical methods based on fluorescence probes offer great opportunities due to the facile, sensitive, and dynamic detection that these molecules could enable in varying biological settings from in vitro samples to live animal models. Herein, we focus on various types of small molecule fluorescent probes for the detection and measurement of physical parameters of the microenvironment, including pH, polarity, viscosity, mechanical force, temperature, and electron potential. For each parameter, we primarily describe the chemical mechanisms underlying how physical properties are correlated with changes of various fluorescent signals. This review provides both an overview and a perspective for the development of small molecule fluorescent probes to visualize the dynamic changes in the cellular environment, to expand the knowledge for biological process, and to enrich diagnostic tools for human diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbao Ma
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Rui Sun
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Kaifu Xia
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Qiuxuan Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- University of the Chinese Academy of Sciences, 19 A Yuquan Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Dalian, Liaoning 116023, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Proteomics, National Chromatographic R. & A. Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Dalian Liaoning 116023, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou 310030, Zhejiang Province, China
- Westlake Laboratory of Life Sciences and Biomedicine, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou 310024, Zhejiang Province, China
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42
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Paez‐Perez M, Kuimova MK. Molecular Rotors: Fluorescent Sensors for Microviscosity and Conformation of Biomolecules. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202311233. [PMID: 37856157 PMCID: PMC10952837 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202311233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/17/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
The viscosity and crowding of biological environment are considered vital for the correct cellular function, and alterations in these parameters are known to underly a number of pathologies including diabetes, malaria, cancer and neurodegenerative diseases, to name a few. Over the last decades, fluorescent molecular probes termed molecular rotors proved extremely useful for exploring viscosity, crowding, and underlying molecular interactions in biologically relevant settings. In this review, we will discuss the basic principles underpinning the functionality of these probes and will review advances in their use as sensors for lipid order, protein crowding and conformation, temperature and non-canonical nucleic acid structures in live cells and other relevant biological settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miguel Paez‐Perez
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRHImperial College LondonWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
| | - Marina K. Kuimova
- Department of Chemistry, Imperial College London, MSRHImperial College LondonWood LaneLondonW12 0BZUK
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43
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Xu N, Qiao Q, Chen J, Tao Y, Bao P, Zhang Y, Li J, Xu Z. Trifluoroethylamine-substituted solvatochromic fluorophores exhibit polarity-insensitive high brightness. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:1424-1427. [PMID: 38205525 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05853k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
In this study, we have uncovered that trifluoroethylamine-substituted solvatochromic fluorophores maintain consistently high and stable fluorescence intensity in diverse polar environments, including highly polar and protic solvents. The 1,8-naphthalimide derivatives serve as a buffering fluorogenic indicator for lipid droplet morphology during the fusion process and ratiometric probe for microenvironment polarity based on Halo-tag technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Qinglong Qiao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Jie Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yi Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Pengjun Bao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Yinchan Zhang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Jin Li
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
| | - Zhaochao Xu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Separation Science for Analytical Chemistry, Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 457 Zhongshan Road, Dalian 116023, China.
- School of Chemistry Dalian University of Technology, 2 Linggong Road, Dalian 116024, China
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44
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Kyrychenko A, Ladokhin AS. Fluorescent Probes and Quenchers in Studies of Protein Folding and Protein-Lipid Interactions. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300232. [PMID: 37695081 PMCID: PMC11113672 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/12/2023]
Abstract
Fluorescence spectroscopy provides numerous methodological tools for structural and functional studies of biological macromolecules and their complexes. All fluorescence-based approaches require either existence of an intrinsic probe or an introduction of an extrinsic one. Moreover, studies of complex systems often require an additional introduction of a specific quencher molecule acting in combination with a fluorophore to provide structural or thermodynamic information. Here, we review the fundamentals and summarize the latest progress in applications of different classes of fluorescent probes and their specific quenchers, aimed at studies of protein folding and protein-membrane interactions. Specifically, we discuss various environment-sensitive dyes, FRET probes, probes for short-distance measurements, and several probe-quencher pairs for studies of membrane penetration of proteins and peptides. The goals of this review are: (a) to familiarize the readership with the general concept that complex biological systems often require both a probe and a quencher to decipher mechanistic details of functioning and (b) to provide example of the immediate applications of the described methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Kyrychenko
- Institute of Chemistry and School of Chemistry, V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University, 4 Svobody sq., Kharkiv, 61022, Ukraine
| | - Alexey S Ladokhin
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Kansas Medical Center, 3901 Rainbow Boulevard, Kansas City, KS, 66160, United States
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45
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Pivovarenko VG, Klymchenko AS. Fluorescent Probes Based on Charge and Proton Transfer for Probing Biomolecular Environment. CHEM REC 2024; 24:e202300321. [PMID: 38158338 DOI: 10.1002/tcr.202300321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent probes for sensing fundamental properties of biomolecular environment, such as polarity and hydration, help to study assembly of lipids into biomembranes, sensing interactions of biomolecules and imaging physiological state of the cells. Here, we summarize major efforts in the development of probes based on two photophysical mechanisms: (i) an excited-state intramolecular charge transfer (ICT), which is represented by fluorescent solvatochromic dyes that shift their emission band maximum as a function of environment polarity and hydration; (ii) excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT), with particular focus on 5-membered cyclic systems, represented by 3-hydroxyflavones, because they exhibit dual emission sensitive to the environment. For both ICT and ESIPT dyes, the design of the probes and their biological applications are summarized. Thus, dyes bearing amphiphilic anchors target lipid membranes and report their lipid organization, while targeting ligands direct them to specific organelles for sensing their local environment. The labels, amino acid and nucleic acid analogues inserted into biomolecules enable monitoring their interactions with membranes, proteins and nucleic acids. While ICT probes are relatively simple and robust environment-sensitive probes, ESIPT probes feature high information content due their dual emission. They constitute a powerful toolbox for addressing multitude of biological questions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vasyl G Pivovarenko
- Department of Chemistry, Kyiv National Taras Shevchenko University, 01033, Kyiv, Ukraine
| | - Andrey S Klymchenko
- Laboratoire de Bioimagerie et Pathologies, UMR 7021 CNRS, ITI SysChem, Université de Strasbourg, 67401, Illkirch, France
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46
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Ma YZ, Premadasa UI, Bryantsev VS, Miles AR, Ivanov IN, Elgattar A, Liao Y, Doughty B. Unravelling photoisomerization dynamics in a metastable-state photoacid. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2024; 26:4062-4070. [PMID: 38224171 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp04454h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Direct access to trans-cis photoisomerization in a metastable state photoacid (mPAH) remains challenging owing to the presence of competing excited-state relaxation pathways and multiple transient isomers with overlapping spectra. Here, we reveal the photoisomerization dynamics in an indazole mPAH using time-resolved fluorescence (TRF) spectroscopy by exploiting a unique property of this mPAH having fluorescence only from the trans isomer. The combination of these experimental results with time-dependent density function theory (TDDFT) calculations enables us to gain mechanistic insight into this key dynamical process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying-Zhong Ma
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
| | - Uvinduni I Premadasa
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
| | - Vyacheslav S Bryantsev
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
| | - Audrey R Miles
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556, USA
| | - Ilia N Ivanov
- Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA
| | - Adnan Elgattar
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Yi Liao
- Department of Biomedical and Chemical Engineering, Florida Institute of Technology, Melbourne, FL 32901, USA
| | - Benjamin Doughty
- Chemical Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P.O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, TN 37831, USA.
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47
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Bao Y. Polymerization-Mediated Through-Space Charge Transfer: An Emerging Strategy for Light-Emitting Materials. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024. [PMID: 38252874 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2024]
Abstract
Through-space charge transfer (TSCT) has attracted increasing attention owing to its great potential in designing efficient light-emitting molecules and polymers. Complementary to through-bond charge transfer and Förster resonance energy transfer, TSCT offers an alternative approach for the manipulation of molecular fluorescence. Recently, the synergy between TSCT and polymer systems through polymerization-mediated charge transfer has fostered the advancements of innovative light-emitting functional materials featuring thermally activated delayed fluorescence and/or aggregation-induced emission. This perspective highlights the significant progress in tailoring emission properties through structural engineering of donor and acceptor groups within polymeric systems, leveraging the TSCT mechanism. This strategy has transcended the limitations of traditional charge transfer systems with its tolerance to extended donor-acceptor distance, paving the way for novel applications beyond organic light-emitting diodes. The discussion concludes with a forward-looking analysis of potential future research trajectories in the field of polymerization-mediated charge transfer for developing next-generation light-emitting materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinyin Bao
- Department of Chemistry and Applied Biosciences, ETH Zurich, Vladimir-Prelog-Weg 1, 8093 Zurich, Switzerland
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48
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Pascual G, Roy SK, Barcenas G, Wilson CK, Cervantes-Salguero K, Obukhova OM, Krivoshey AI, Terpetschnig EA, Tatarets AL, Li L, Yurke B, Knowlton WB, Mass OA, Pensack RD, Lee J. Effect of hydrophilicity-imparting substituents on exciton delocalization in squaraine dye aggregates covalently templated to DNA Holliday junctions. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:1206-1222. [PMID: 38113123 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04499h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
Molecular aggregates exhibit emergent properties, including the collective sharing of electronic excitation energy known as exciton delocalization, that can be leveraged in applications such as quantum computing, optical information processing, and light harvesting. In a previous study, we found unexpectedly large excitonic interactions (quantified by the excitonic hopping parameter Jm,n) in DNA-templated aggregates of squaraine (SQ) dyes with hydrophilic-imparting sulfo and butylsulfo substituents. Here, we characterize DNA Holliday junction (DNA-HJ) templated aggregates of an expanded set of SQs and evaluate their optical properties in the context of structural heterogeneity. Specifically, we characterized the orientation of and Jm,n between dyes in dimer aggregates of non-chlorinated and chlorinated SQs. Three new chlorinated SQs that feature a varying number of butylsulfo substituents were synthesized and attached to a DNA-HJ via a covalent linker to form adjacent and transverse dimers. Various characteristics of the dye, including its hydrophilicity (in terms of log Po/w) and surface area, and of the substituents, including their local bulkiness and electron withdrawing capacity, were quantified computationally. The orientation of and Jm,n between the dyes were estimated using a model based on Kühn-Renger-May theory to fit the absorption and circular dichroism spectra. The results suggested that adjacent dimer aggregates of all the non-chlorinated and of the most hydrophilic chlorinated SQ dyes exhibit heterogeneity; that is, they form a mixture of dimers subpopulations. A key finding of this work is that dyes with a higher hydrophilicity (lower log Po/w) formed dimers with smaller Jm,n and large center-to-center dye distance (Rm,n). Also, the results revealed that the position of the dye in the DNA-HJ template, that is, adjacent or transverse, impacted Jm,n. Lastly, we found that Jm,n between symmetrically substituted dyes was reduced by increasing the local bulkiness of the substituent. This work provides insights into how to maintain strong excitonic coupling and identifies challenges associated with heterogeneity, which will help to improve control of these dye aggregates and move forward their potential application as quantum information systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gissela Pascual
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Simon K Roy
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - German Barcenas
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Christopher K Wilson
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | | | - Olena M Obukhova
- State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 61072, Ukraine
| | - Alexander I Krivoshey
- State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 61072, Ukraine
| | | | - Anatoliy L Tatarets
- State Scientific Institution "Institute for Single Crystals" of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, Kharkiv 61072, Ukraine
| | - Lan Li
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Bernard Yurke
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - William B Knowlton
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
- Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Olga A Mass
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Ryan D Pensack
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
| | - Jeunghoon Lee
- Micron School of Materials Science & Engineering, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho 83725, USA.
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49
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Cheng X, Pu Y, Ye S, Xiao X, Zhang X, Chen H. Measuring Solvent Exchange in Silica Nanoparticles with Rotor-Based Fluorophore. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2024; 36:e2305779. [PMID: 37774750 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202305779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2023] [Revised: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/01/2023]
Abstract
Measuring the diffusivity of molecules is the first step toward understanding their dependence and controlling diffusion, but the challenge increases with the decrease of molecular size, particularly for non-fluorescent and non-reactive molecules such as solvents. Here, the capability to monitor the solvent exchange process within the micropores of silica with millisecond time resolution is demonstrated, by simply embedding a rotor-based fluorophore (thioflavin T) in colloidal silica nanoparticles. Basically, the silica provides an extreme case of viscous microenvironment, which is affected by the polarity of the solvents. The fluorescence intensity traces can be well fitted to the Fickian diffusion model, allowing analytical solution of the diffusion process, and revealing the diffusion coefficients. The validation experiments, involving the water-to-ethanol and ethanol-to-water solvent exchange, the comparison of different drying conditions, and the variation in the degree of cross-linking in silica, confirmed the effectiveness and sensitivity of this method for characterizing diffusion in silica micropores. This work focuses on the method development of measuring diffusivity and the high temporal resolution in tracking solvent exchange dynamics over a short distance (within 165 nm) opens enormous possibilities for further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuejun Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310027, China
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Yingming Pu
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Songtao Ye
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Xiao Xiao
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Xin Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- Department of Chemistry, School of Science and Research Center for Industries of the Future, Westlake University, 600 Dunyu Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
- Institute of Natural Sciences, Westlake Institute for Advanced Study, 18 Shilongshan Road, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310024, China
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50
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Lampkin BJ, Kritzer JA. Engineered fluorogenic HaloTag ligands for turn-on labelling in live cells. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 60:200-203. [PMID: 38048049 PMCID: PMC10835756 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc05536a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
Recent years have seen dramatic improvements in the design of organic fluorophores based on limiting non-radiative decay pathways. We sought to extend this understanding to benzothiadiazoles that have been used as turn-on fluorescent substrates for the self-labeling protein HaloTag. When conjugated to HaloTag, the benzothiadiazoles reside in a narrow tunnel that precludes twisted internal charge transfer, which allowed us to explore steric and electronic effects on other non-radiative decay pathways. By minimizing both non-radiative decay and nonspecific interactions with cellular components, we produced improved turn-on dyes with 136-fold increase in fluorescence over background in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bryan J Lampkin
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Rd, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
| | - Joshua A Kritzer
- Department of Chemistry, Tufts University, 62 Talbot Rd, Medford, MA 02155, USA.
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