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Yang X, Liu L, Feng Y, Guo X, Wu Y, Gao Q, Zhang C, Qi H. Automatic Electrochemiluminescence Method for the Detection of Cancerous Exosomes Incorporating Specific Aptamer-Magnetic Beads and Signal Nanoprobes. Anal Chem 2024; 96:10459-10466. [PMID: 38866706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Exosomes, as an emerging biomarker, have exhibited remarkable promise in early cancer diagnosis. Here, a highly sensitive, selective, and automatic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) method for the detection of cancerous exosomes was developed. Specific aptamer-(EK)4 peptide-tagged magnetic beads (MBs-(EK)4-aptamer) were designed as a magnetic capture probe in which the (EK)4 peptide was used to reduce the steric binding hindrance of cancerous exosomes with a specific aptamer. One new universal ECL signal nanoprobe (CD9 Ab-PEG@SiO2ϵRu(bpy)32+) was designed and synthesized by using microporous SiO2 nanoparticles as the carrier for loading ECL reagent Ru(bpy)32+, polyethylene glycol (PEG) layer, and anticluster of differentiation 9 antibody (CD9 Ab). A "sandwich" biocomplex was formed on the surface of the magnetic capture probe after mixing the capture probe, target exosomes, and ECL signal nanoprobe, and then it was introduced into an automated ECL analyzer for rapid and automatic ECL measurement. It was found that the designed signal nanoprobe shows a 270-fold improvement in the signal-to-noise ratio than that of the ruthenium complex-labeled CD9 antibody signal probe. The relative ECL intensity was proportional to MCF-7 exosomes as a model in the range of 102 to 104 particle/μL, with a detection limit of 11 particle/μL. Furthermore, the ECL method was employed to discriminate cancerous exosomes based on fingerprint responses using the designed multiple magnetic capture probes and the universal ECL signal nanoprobe. This work demonstrates that the utilization of a designed automated ECL tactic using the MBs-(EK)4-aptamer capture probe and the CD9 Ab-PEG@SiO2ϵRu(bpy)32+ signal nanoprobe will provide a unique and robust method for the detection and discrimination of cancerous exosomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Lining Liu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Yanlong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Xuan Guo
- Changzhi People's Hospital, Changzhi 046000, P. R. China
| | - Yang Wu
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Gao
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
| | - Honglan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Jiang H, Liu X, Wang X. A review of innovative electrochemical strategies for bioactive molecule detection and cell imaging: Current advances and challenges. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1285:341920. [PMID: 38057043 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2023.341920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Cellular heterogeneity poses a major challenge for tumor theranostics, requiring high-resolution intercellular bioanalysis strategies. Over the past decades, the advantages of electrochemical analysis, such as high sensitivity, good spatio-temporal resolution, and ease of use, have made it the preferred method to uncover cellular differences. To inspire more creative research, herein, we highlight seminal works in electrochemical techniques for biomolecule analysis and bioimaging. Specifically, micro/nano-electrode-based electrochemical techniques enable real-time quantitative analysis of electroactive substances relevant to life processes in the micro-nanostructure of cells and tissues. Nanopore-based technique plays a vital role in biosensing by utilizing nanoscale pores to achieve high-precision detection and analysis of biomolecules with exceptional sensitivity and single-molecule resolution. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) technology is utilized for real-time monitoring of the behavior and features of individual cancer cells, enabling observation of their dynamic processes due to its capability of providing high-resolution and highly sensitive bioimaging of cells. Particularly, scanning electrochemical microscopy (SECM) and scanning ion conductance microscopy (SICM) which are widely used in real-time observation of cell surface biological processes and three-dimensional imaging of micro-nano structures, such as metabolic activity, ion channel activity, and cell morphology are introduced in this review. Furthermore, the expansion of the scope of cellular electrochemistry research by innovative functionalized electrodes and electrochemical imaging models and strategies to address future challenges and potential applications is also discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
| | - Xuemei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Digital Medical Engineering, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210096, China.
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Descamps J, Zhao Y, Le-Pouliquen J, Goudeau B, Garrigue P, Tavernier K, Léger Y, Loget G, Sojic N. Local reactivity of metal-insulator-semiconductor photoanodes imaged by photoinduced electrochemiluminescence microscopy. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:12262-12265. [PMID: 37753612 DOI: 10.1039/d3cc03702a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/28/2023]
Abstract
Localized photoinduced electrochemiluminescence (PECL) is studied on photoanodes composed of Ir microbands deposited on n-Si/SiOx. We demonstrate that PECL microscopy precisely imaged the hole-driven heterogeneous photoelectrochemical reactivity. The method is promising for elucidating the local activity of photoelectrodes that are employed in solar energy conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Julie Descamps
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Yiran Zhao
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
| | - Julie Le-Pouliquen
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON-UMR 6082, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Patrick Garrigue
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
| | - Karine Tavernier
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON-UMR 6082, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Yoan Léger
- Univ Rennes, INSA Rennes, CNRS, Institut FOTON-UMR 6082, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Gabriel Loget
- Univ Rennes, CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)-UMR6226, Rennes F-35000, France.
- Institute of Energy and Climate Research, Fundamental Electrochemistry (IEK-9), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich, 52425, Germany
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, Pessac 33607, France.
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4
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Knežević S, Kerr E, Goudeau B, Valenti G, Paolucci F, Francis PS, Kanoufi F, Sojic N. Bimodal Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy of Single Cells. Anal Chem 2023; 95:7372-7378. [PMID: 37098243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c00869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/27/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy is an emerging technique with new applications such as imaging of single entities and cells. Herein, we have developed a bimodal and bicolor approach to record both positive ECL (PECL: light-emitting object on dark background) and shadow label-free ECL (SECL: nonemissive object shadowing the background luminescence) images of single cells. This bimodal approach is the result of the simultaneous emissions of [Ru(bpy)3]2+ used to label the cellular membrane (PECL) and [Ir(sppy)3]3- dissolved in solution (SECL). By spectrally resolving the ECL emission wavelengths, we recorded the images of the same cells in both PECL and SECL modes using the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ (λmax = 620 nm) and [Ir(sppy)3]3- (λmax = 515 nm) luminescence, respectively. PECL shows the distribution of the [Ru(bpy)3]2+ labels attached to the cellular membrane, whereas SECL reflects the local diffusional hindrance of the ECL reagents by each cell. The high sensitivity and surface-confined features of the reported approach are demonstrated by imaging cell-cell contacts during the mitosis process. Furthermore, the comparison of PECL and SECL images demonstrates the differential diffusion of tri-n-propylamine and [Ir(sppy)3]3- through the permeabilized cell membranes. Consequently, this dual approach enables the imaging of the morphology of the cell adhering on the surface and can significantly contribute to multimodal ECL imaging and bioassays with different luminescent systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Knežević
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Emily Kerr
- Institute for Frontier Materials, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | - Bertrand Goudeau
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna, Via Selmi 2, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Paul S Francis
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Geelong, Victoria 3220, Australia
| | | | - Neso Sojic
- CNRS, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR 5255, ENSCBP, Univ. Bordeaux, 33607 Pessac, France
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Wei Y, Qi H, Zhang C. Recent advances and challenges in developing electrochemiluminescence biosensors for health analysis. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3507-3522. [PMID: 36820650 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc06930j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2023]
Abstract
This Feature Article simply introduces principles and mechanisms of electrochemiluminescence (ECL) biosensors for the determination of biomarkers and highlights recent advances of ECL biosensors on key aspects including new ECL reagents and materials, new biological recognition elements, and emerging construction biointerfacial strategies with illustrative examples and a critical eye on pitfalls and discusses challenges and perspectives of ECL biosensors for health analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Wei
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Honglan Qi
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China.
| | - Chengxiao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science of Shaanxi Province, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an, 710062, P. R. China.
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Wu K, Zheng Y, Chen R, Zhou Z, Liu S, Shen Y, Zhang Y. Advances in electrochemiluminescence luminophores based on small organic molecules for biosensing. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 223:115031. [PMID: 36571992 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.115031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) has several advantages, such as a near-zero background signal, high sensitivity, wide dynamic range, simplicity, and is widely used for sensing, imaging, and single cell analysis. ECL luminophores are the key factors in the performance of various applications. Among various luminophores, small organic luminophores exhibit many intriguing features including good biocompatibility, facile modification, well-defined molecular structure, and sustainable raw materials, making small organic luminophores attractive for the use in the ECL field. Although many great achievements have been made in the synthesis of new small organic luminophores, solving various challenges, and expanding new applications, there are almost no comprehensive reviews on small organic ECL luminophores. In this review, we briefly introduce the advantages and emission mechanisms of small organic ECL luminophores, summarize the main types, molecular characteristics, and ECL properties of most existing small organic ECL luminophores, and present the important applications and design principles in sensors, imaging, single cell analysis, sterilization, and other fields. Finally, the challenges and outlook of organic ECL luminophores to be popularized in biosensing applications are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaiqing Wu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yongjun Zheng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Ran Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Zhixin Zhou
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yanfei Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China
| | - Yuanjian Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.
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7
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Huang X, Li B, Lu Y, Liu Y, Wang S, Sojic N, Jiang D, Liu B. Direct Visualization of Nanoconfinement Effect on Nanoreactor via Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2023; 62:e202215078. [PMID: 36478505 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202215078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Nanoconfinement in mesoporous nanoarchitectures could dramatically change molecular transport and reaction kinetics during electrochemical process. A molecular-level understanding of nanoconfinement and mass transport is critical for the applications, but a proper route to study it is lacking. Herein, we develop a single nanoreactor electrochemiluminescence (SNECL) microscopy based on Ru(bpy)3 2+ -loaded mesoporous silica nanoparticle to directly visualize in situ nanoconfinement-enhanced electrochemical reactions at the single molecule level. Meanwhile, mass transport capability of single nanoreactor, reflected as long decay time and recovery ability, is monitored and simulated with a high spatial resolution. The nanoconfinement effects in our system also enable imaging single proteins on cellular membrane. Our SNECL approach may pave the way to decipher the nanoconfinement effects during electrochemical process, and build bridges between mesoporous nanoarchitectures and potential electrochemical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuedong Huang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Binxiao Li
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yanwei Lu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Yixin Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Shurong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life and School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210093, P. R. China
| | - Baohong Liu
- Department of Chemistry, Shanghai Stomatological Hospital, State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200433, P. R. China
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Zhang H, Liu Y, Yao M, Han W, Zhang S. Cathodic Electrochemiluminesence Microscopy for Imaging of Single Carbon Nanotube and Nucleolin at Single Tumor Cell. Anal Chem 2023; 95:570-574. [PMID: 36596251 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Cathodic electrochemiluminesence (ECL) microscopy based on luminol analog L012 was originally established to implement the imaging of a single nanotube and nucleolin on a single tumor cell. This microscopy utilizes multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs) as advanced coreactant accelerators to efficiently convert dissolved oxygen (O2) and H2O2 into reactive oxygen species (ROS) due to excellent electrocatalytic properties. The produced ROS could oxide L012 into an excited state of L012 leading to a bright cathodic ECL illumination, thereby promoting ECL imaging of MWCNTs at a low triggering potential. After being modified with AS1411 aptamers, MWCNTs@AS1411 probes were incubated with tumor cells for specific ECL imaging of nucleolin on the plasma membrane, which permits cathodic ECL microscopy for label-free bioassays without ECL tags. The L012-based cathodic ECL microscopy with a moderate operating potential and label-free characteristics provides a universal approach in single nanomaterial and single-cell imaging and analyses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huairong Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Yong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Mei Yao
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Wenxiu Han
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
| | - Shusheng Zhang
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Tumor Marker Detection Technology, Equipment and Diagnosis-Therapy Integration in Universities of Shandong, Shandong Province Key Laboratory of Detection Technology for Tumor Makers, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Linyi University, Linyi, 276005, China
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinrun Dong
- Laboratory of Experimental Physical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
| | - Jiandong Feng
- Laboratory of Experimental Physical Biology, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China
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10
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Li X, Qin X, Wang Z, Wu Y, Wang K, Xia X, Liu S. In Situ Imaging of Endogenous Hydrogen Peroxide Efflux from Living Cells via Bipolar Gold Nanoelectrode Array and Electrochemiluminescence Technology. ACS Sens 2022; 7:2446-2453. [PMID: 35875868 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c01195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The integration of a closed bipolar electrode (c-BPE) array and electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detection received a boost in applications in the detection of cell adhesion and disease-related biomarkers. This work proposed a gold nanorod array based c-BPE-ECL system to realize an in situ image of endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) efflux from living cells and parallel analysis of endogenous H2O2 released from multiple cells by converting electrochemical signals into optical signals. The gold nanorod array with high density was prepared by a repeating chronopotentiometry procedure with anodic aluminum oxide (AAO) membrane as a template. The c-BPE array was fabricated by assembling poly(dimethylsiloxane) (PDMS) chips on both sides of the gold nanorod array. When an appropriate driving potential is applied, H2O2 generated from living cells at the sensing pole was reduced on the gold nanorod, triggering the oxidation of the ECL reagent at the reporting pole, which allowed the detection of H2O2 released from living cells. Under phorbol myristate acetate (PMA) stimulation, H2O2 released from living HeLa, HepG2, MCF-7, and LO2 cells was determined to be 47, 32.4, 25.7, and 6.3 μM, respectively. This indicated that the amount of H2O2 released from PMA-stimulated cancer cells was significantly higher than that from the stimulated normal cells. This work presented a new approach for in situ imaging of H2O2 released from living cells and could also be used to detect other electrochemically active or non-electrochemically active molecules through simple cell surface modification, which may have potential applications in cell apoptosis study and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiuxiu Li
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Xiang Qin
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Zhi Wang
- Wuxi Institute of Inspection, Testing and Certification, Wuxi 214125, China
| | - Yafeng Wu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xinghua Xia
- Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Songqin Liu
- Jiangsu Engineering Laboratory of Smart Carbon-Rich Materials and Device, Jiangsu Provincial Key Laboratory of Critical Care Medicine, Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine Engineering, Ministry of Education, State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China
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11
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Ding H, Su B, Jiang D. Recent Advances in Single Cell Analysis by Electrochemiluminescence. Chemistry 2022; 12:e202200113. [PMID: 35880657 PMCID: PMC10152889 DOI: 10.1002/open.202200113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Understanding biological mechanisms operating in cells is one of the major goals of biology. Since heterogeneity is the fundamental property of cellular systems, single cell measurements can provide more accurate information about the composition, dynamics, and regulatory circuits of cells than population-averaged assays. Electrochemiluminescence (ECL), the light emission triggered by electrochemical reactions, is an emerging approach for single cell analysis. Numerous analytes, ranging from small biomolecules such as glucose and cholesterol, proteins and nucleic acids to subcellular structures, have been determined in single cells by ECL, which yields new insights into cellular functions. This review aims to provide an overview of research progress on ECL principles and systems for single cell analysis in recent years. The ECL reaction mechanisms are briefly introduced, and then the advances and representative works in ECL single cell analysis are summarized. Finally, outlooks and challenges in this field are addressed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center (ChemBIC), School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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12
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A sensitive electrochemiluminescence aptasensor for Pb2+ detection in soil based on dual signal amplification strategy of aggregation-induced emission and resonance energy transfer. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.140463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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13
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Wang Y, Cheng C, Ma R, Xu Z, Ozaki Y. In situ SERS monitoring of intracellular H 2O 2 in single living cells based on label-free bifunctional Fe 3O 4@Ag nanoparticles. Analyst 2022; 147:1815-1823. [PMID: 35257133 DOI: 10.1039/d2an00035k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Visualization of signaling molecules in single living cells is crucial for understanding cellular metabolism and physiology, which can provide valuable insights into early diagnoses and treatments of diseases. Highly sensitive in situ monitoring of intracellular analytes released from single living cells by virtue of label-free nanosensors is urgently needed, which can avoid interferences from molecular labeling. Here, we proposed an ultrasensitive strategy for in situ imaging of intracellular H2O2 in single living cancer cells by surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy with the utilization of label-free Fe3O4@Ag core-satellite nanoparticles (NPs). The Fe3O4@Ag NPs can efficiently and selectively catalyze the oxidation of the peroxidase substrate 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the presence of H2O2. Additionally, they exhibit excellent SERS activity that allows for in situ monitoring of intracellular H2O2 in living cells through establishing the correlation between the H2O2 level and the SERS intensity of the catalytic oxidation product of TMB. The H2O2 concentration is revealed through the SERS intensity of oxidized TMB with a good linear response in a wide range from 1 fM to 1 mM. Moreover, the intracellular H2O2 level in live cancer cells and imaging of the distribution of H2O2 inside single cells can be achieved by using such a label-free nanosensor based strategy. Our work demonstrates that the label-free Fe3O4@Ag NP-based SERS imaging and quantification strategy is a promising and powerful approach to assess intracellular H2O2 in living cells and allows us to monitor single-cell signaling molecules with nanoscale resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Wang
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
| | - Ruofei Ma
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
| | - Zhangrun Xu
- Department of Chemistry, College of Sciences, Northeastern University, Shenyang 110819, PR China.
| | - Yukihiro Ozaki
- School of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Kwansei Gakuin University, Sanda, Hyogo 669-1337, Japan.
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14
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Zhang Z, Ma C, Xu Q, Zhu JJ. Recent progress in electrochemiluminescence microscopy analysis of single cells. Analyst 2022; 147:2884-2894. [DOI: 10.1039/d2an00709f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
An overview of recent progress in electrochemiluminescence microscopy analysis of single cells classified according to different ECL routes, namely the oxidative-reduction, low oxidation potential, catalytic and direct oxidation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhichen Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Cheng Ma
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Qin Xu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou, Jiangsu, 225002, China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210023, China
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15
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Rebeccani S, Zanut A, Santo CI, Valenti G, Paolucci F. A Guide Inside Electrochemiluminescent Microscopy Mechanisms for Analytical Performance Improvement. Anal Chem 2021; 94:336-348. [PMID: 34908412 PMCID: PMC8756390 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Rebeccani
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Alessandra Zanut
- Tandon School of Engineering, New York University, Brooklyn, New York 11201, United States
| | - Claudio Ignazio Santo
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry "Giacomo Ciamician", University of Bologna, Bologna 40127, Italy
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16
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Jing L, Xie C, Li Q, Yang M, Li S, Li H, Xia F. Electrochemical Biosensors for the Analysis of Breast Cancer Biomarkers: From Design to Application. Anal Chem 2021; 94:269-296. [PMID: 34854296 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c04475] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Le Jing
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Chongyu Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Qianqian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Meiqing Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Shaoguang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Hui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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17
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Qin X, Jin HJ, Li X, Li J, Pan JB, Wang K, Liu S, Xu JJ, Xia XH. Label-Free Electrochemiluminescence Imaging of Single-Cell Adhesions by Using Bipolar Nanoelectrode Array. Chemistry 2021; 28:e202103964. [PMID: 34850460 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202103964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
A label-free and fast approach for positive electrochemiluminescence (ECL) imaging of single cells by bipolar nanoelectrode array is proposed. The reduction of oxygen at a platinized gold nanoelectrode array in a closed bipolar electrochemical system is coupled with an oxidative ECL process at the anodic side. For elevating the ECL imaging contrast of single cells, a driving voltage of -2.0 V is applied to in situ generate oxygen confined beneath cells that is subsequently used for ECL imaging at 1.1 V. High oxygen concentration in the confined space resulting from steric hindrance generates prominent oxygen reduction current at the cathodic side and higher ECL intensity at the anodic side, allowing positive ECL imaging of the cells adhesion region with excellent contrast. Cell morphology and adhesion strength can be successfully imaged with high image acquisition rate. This approach opens a new avenue for label-free imaging of single cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Hua-Jiang Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xiuxiu Li
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jian Li
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jian-Bin Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Songqin Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189, P. R. China
| | - Jing-Juan Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xing-Hua Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210023, P. R. China
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18
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Ma Y, Colin C, Descamps J, Arbault S, Sojic N. Shadow Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy of Single Mitochondria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:18742-18749. [PMID: 34115447 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are the subcellular bioenergetic organelles. The analysis of their morphology and topology is essential to provide useful information on their activity and metabolism. Herein, we report a label-free shadow electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy based on the spatial confinement of the ECL-emitting reactive layer to image single living mitochondria deposited on the electrode surface. The ECL mechanism of the freely-diffusing [Ru(bpy)3 ]2+ dye with the sacrificial tri-n-propylamine coreactant restrains the light-emitting region to a micrometric thickness allowing to visualize individual mitochondria with a remarkable sharp negative optical contrast. The imaging approach named "shadow ECL" (SECL) reflects the negative imprint of the local diffusional hindrance of the ECL reagents by each mitochondrion. The statistical analysis of the colocalization of the shadow ECL spots with the functional mitochondria revealed by classical fluorescent biomarkers, MitoTracker Deep Red and the endogenous intramitochondrial NADH, validates the reported methodology. The versatility and extreme sensitivity of the approach are further demonstrated by visualizing single mitochondria, which remain hardly detectable with the usual biomarkers. Finally, by alleviating problems of photobleaching and phototoxicity associated with conventional microscopy methods, SECL microscopy should find promising applications in the imaging of subcellular structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Ma
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Camille Colin
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Julie Descamps
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France.,Present address: Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, Bordeaux INP, CBMN UMR 5248, Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire, 33600, Pessac, France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255, 33607, Pessac, France
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19
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Zhou J, Zhang S, Liu Y. Electrochemiluminescence Single‐cell Analysis on Nanostructured Interface. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202100341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Juanhua Zhou
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Shiyu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
| | - Yang Liu
- Department of Chemistry Beijing Key Laboratory for Analytical Methods and Instrumentation Kay Lab of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education Tsinghua University Beijing 100084 China
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20
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Low oxidation potential electrochemiluminescence from novel Iridium(III) complexes comprising N-heterocyclic carbene main ligands containing dibenzothiophene motif. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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21
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Ma Y, Colin C, Descamps J, Arbault S, Sojic N. Shadow Electrochemiluminescence Microscopy of Single Mitochondria. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Ma
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux INP ISM UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - Camille Colin
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux INP ISM UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - Julie Descamps
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux INP ISM UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
| | - Stéphane Arbault
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux INP ISM UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
- Present address: Univ. Bordeaux CNRS Bordeaux INP CBMN UMR 5248 Allée Geoffroy Saint Hilaire 33600 Pessac France
| | - Neso Sojic
- University of Bordeaux Bordeaux INP ISM UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
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22
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An intermolecular hydrogen-bond-induced quench-type Ru(dcbpy) 32+/TPA electrochemiluminescence system by nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 184:113232. [PMID: 33878593 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Here, we show that nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots (NCQDs) strongly inhibits the anodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) signal of a tris(4,4'-dicarboxylic acid-2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium(II) (Ru(dcbpy)32+)/tripropylamine (TPA) aqueous system. To determine the ECL-quenching mechanism, we used photoluminescence spectroscopy, UV-Visible absorption spectroscopy and dynamic simulation technology. Quenching of the ECL signal of Ru(dcbpy)32+/TPA by NCQDs was predominantly attributed to the interaction between Ru(dcbpy)32+ and NCQDs rather than that between TPA and NCQDs. Specifically, when Ru(dcbpy)32+ and NCQDs were in aqueous solution together, the carboxyl (-COOH) groups of Ru(dcbpy)32+ were in contact with oxygen- and nitrogen-containing groups on the surface of NCQDs and formed intermolecular hydrogen bonds. This process involved energy transfer from the excited-state Ru(dcbpy)32+ to the intermolecular hydrogen bonds, thus resulting in a decrease in the Ru(dcbpy)32+ ECL signal. On this basis, a quenching-type ECL sensor for the quantification of NCQDs was fabricated. The sensor had a wide linear range and an estimated detection limit of 0.0012 mg mL-1, as well as excellent stability and selectivity. Satisfactory recoveries of 97.0-99.5% were obtained using the ECL sensor to quantify NCQDs in tap water. NCQDs could potentially be used as a quenching probe of Ru(dcbpy)32+ to construct various biosensors with widespread applications in the sensing field.
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23
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Enhanced electrochemiluminescence ratiometric cytosensing based on surface plasmon resonance of Au nanoparticles and nanosucculent films. Biosens Bioelectron 2021; 189:113367. [PMID: 34091285 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2021.113367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2021] [Revised: 05/20/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Ramos cells are human Burkitt's lymphoma cells, which are a kind of cancer cells to facilitate the monitoring of the relevant biological processes of cancers. Sensitive and accurate detection of Ramos cells using emerging ratiometric ECL biosensing technology shows increasing importance, however, the target analytes of current ratiometric ECL biosensors are mainly limited to DNA/RNA or proteins. In this study, we proposed a dual-potential ratiometric sensing strategy for the electrochemiluminescence detection of Ramos cells based on two types of electrochemiluminescence (ECL)-responding molecular. Au nanosucculent films (AuNFs) were electrodeposited on the fluorine doped tin oxide (FTO) electrode to increase the effective area of the electrode for more efficient assembly of DNA and effectively improving the conductivity of the sensing interfaces. In the presence of Ramos cells, aptamers capped with Au@luminol would conjugate with Ramos cells and then remove from AuNFs, accompanying the decrease of ECL signal from Au@luminol. Then, Au-DNA was captured and alternately hybridized with DNA-modified CdS nanocrystals (NCs) on the surface of AuNFs with the formation of a super reticulate structure. The reticulate structure not only raised another identified ECL signal from CdS NCs but also greatly promoted its ECL intensity from the surface plasmon resonance originating from Au NPs. The value of log (ECLCdS/ECLluminol) and the logarithm of the number of cells exhibit considerable linear relation ranging from 80 to 8 × 105 cells mL-1 with a low detection limit of 20 cells mL-1 (S/N = 3). The selectivity and specificity of this dual-potential ECL sensor showed good performance and indicated considerable promise in avoiding false-positive results in detection.
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24
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Ding H, Zhou P, Fu W, Ding L, Guo W, Su B. Spatially Selective Imaging of Cell-Matrix and Cell-Cell Junctions by Electrochemiluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:11769-11773. [PMID: 33709454 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Cell junctions are protein structures located at specific cell membrane domains that determine key processes in multicellular development. Here we report spatially selective imaging of cell junctions by electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy. By regulating the concentrations of luminophore and/or co-reactant, the thickness of ECL layer can be controlled to match with the spatial location of different cell junctions. At a low concentration of luminophore, ECL generation is confined to the electrode surface, thus revealing only cell-matrix adhesions at the bottom of cells. While at a high concentration of luminophore, the ECL layer can be remarkably extended by decreasing the co-reactant concentration, thus allowing the sequential imaging of cell-matrix and cell-cell junctions at the bottom and near the apical surface of cells, respectively. This strategy not only provides new insights into the ECL mechanisms but also promises wide applications of ECL microscopy in bioimaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Wenxuan Fu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Lurong Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
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25
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Towaranonte B, Gao Y. Application of Charge-Coupled Device (CCD) Cameras in Electrochemiluminescence: A Minireview. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1920971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- B. Towaranonte
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Y. Gao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
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26
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Ding H, Zhou P, Fu W, Ding L, Guo W, Su B. Spatially Selective Imaging of Cell–Matrix and Cell–Cell Junctions by Electrochemiluminescence. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202101467] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Ping Zhou
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Wenxuan Fu
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Lurong Ding
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Weiliang Guo
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute of Analytical Chemistry Department of Chemistry Zhejiang University Hangzhou 310058 China
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27
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Liu G, Chen Z, Jin BK, Jiang LP. A ratiometric electrochemiluminescent cytosensor based on polyaniline hydrogel electrodes in spatially separated electrochemiluminescent systems. Analyst 2021; 146:1835-1838. [PMID: 33502405 DOI: 10.1039/d0an02408b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Here, we proposed a ratiometric electrochemiluminescent (ECL) strategy in spatially multiplied ECL systems. By the specific recognition of hyaluronic acid with proteoglycan CD44 and epidermal growth factor with epidermal growth factor receptor on the cell surface, the cells were labelled with potential-resolved ECL probes, namely Ru(bpy)32+ and g-C3N4, respectively. The as-proposed cytosensor provides a multichannel ECL protocol to improve the throughput, which may push the application of ECL for the cellular immunoanalysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gen Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China.
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28
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Liu X, Li L, Luo L, Bi X, Yan H, Li X, You T. Induced self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence aptamer sensor for 17β-estradiol detection based on nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots as Ru(dcbpy) 32+ coreactant: What role of intermolecular hydrogen bonds play in the system? J Colloid Interface Sci 2021; 586:103-109. [PMID: 33160631 DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2020.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2020] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Herein, an induced self-enhanced electrochemiluminescence (ECL) sensor with superior ECL performances was simply fabricated by just dropping the ECL reagent (tris(4,4'-dicarboxylicacid-2,2'-bipyridyl) ruthenium (II) dichloride, Ru(dcbpy)3Cl2) and coreactant (nitrogen-doped carbon quantum dots, NCQDs) pair onto the surface of glassy carbon electrode. In this strategy, based on the carboxyl (-COOH) groups in Ru(dcbpy)32+ and oxygen, nitrogen-containing groups on NCQDs surface, an intermolecular hydrogen bonds-induced self-enhanced ECL composite was generated in the solid contact layer for the first time. Since Ru(dcbpy)32+ and NCQDs were co-existing in the same composite, the electron-transfer distance between them was shortened and the energy loss was decreased, thereby higher ECL efficiency was acquired. This working process greatly avoided the introduction of signal amplifier and simplified the experimental operation. On this basis, 17β-estradiol (E2) was selected as a target model to fabricate a self-enhanced ECL aptamer sensor for the investigation of its analytical performances. Resultantly, excellent detection properties of E2, including wider linear range of 1.0 × 10-14 - 1.0 × 10-6 mol L-1 and lower detection limit of 1.0 × 10-15 mol L-1 with superior selectivity, were successfully achieved. Finally, E2 spiked into milk powder was quantified to assess the practicability of this sensor. Prospectively, this strategy could be extensively applied for other analytes determination by adjusting the corresponding target aptamers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaohong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Libo Li
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
| | - Lijun Luo
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China; Department of Bioengineering, School of Engineering and Applied Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, United States
| | - Xiaoya Bi
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China
| | - Hui Yan
- School of Pharmacy, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Xia Li
- Department of Chemistry, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, Shandong 252059, China
| | - Tianyan You
- Key Laboratory of Modern Agricultural Equipment and Technology, Ministry of Education, School of Agricultural Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu 212013, China.
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29
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Xue Y, Han Y, Xia H, Fan Y, Peng C, Xing H, Li J, Wang E. Bifunctional Nanoprobes Used for Label‐Free Determination of Cardiac Troponin I. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Xue
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yanchao Han
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Hongyin Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Yongchao Fan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Chao Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Huanhuan Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Jing Li
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
| | - Erkang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry Chinese Academy of Sciences Changchun Jilin 130022 P. R. China
- University of Science and Technology of China Hefei Anhui 230026 P. R. China
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30
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Fiorani A, Han D, Jiang D, Fang D, Paolucci F, Sojic N, Valenti G. Spatially resolved electrochemiluminescence through a chemical lens. Chem Sci 2020; 11:10496-10500. [PMID: 34123186 PMCID: PMC8162283 DOI: 10.1039/d0sc04210b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Electrochemiluminescence (ECL) microscopy is an emerging technique with a wide range of imaging applications and unique properties in terms of high spatial resolution, surface confinement and favourable signal-to-noise ratio. Despite its successful analytical applications, tuning the depth of field (i.e., thickness of the ECL-emitting layer) is a crucial issue. Indeed, the control of the thickness of this ECL region, which can be considered as an "evanescent" reaction layer, limits the development of cell microscopy as well as bioassays. Here we report an original strategy based on chemical lens effects to tune the ECL-emitting layer in the model [Ru(bpy)3]2+/tri-n-propylamine (TPrA) system. It consists of microbeads decorated with [Ru(bpy)3]2+ labels, classically used in bioassays, and TPrA as the sacrificial coreactant. In particular we exploit the buffer capacity of the solution to modify the rate of the reactions involved in the ECL generation. For the first time, a precise control of the ECL light distribution is demonstrated by mapping the luminescence reactivity at the level of single micrometric bead. The resulting ECL image is the luminescent signature of the concentration profiles of diffusing TPrA radicals, which define the ECL layer. Therefore, our findings provide insights into the ECL mechanism and open new avenues for ECL microscopy and bioassays. Indeed, the reported approach based on a chemical lens controls the spatial extension of the "evanescent" ECL-emitting layer and is conceptually similar to evanescent wave microscopy. Thus, it should allow the exploration and imaging of different heights in substrates or in cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Fiorani
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Dongni Han
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211126 China
| | - Dechen Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing Jiangsu 210093 China
| | - Danjun Fang
- School of Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Targeted Intervention of Cardiovascular Disease, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cardiovascular Disease Translational Medicine, Nanjing Medical University Nanjing Jiangsu 211126 China
| | - Francesco Paolucci
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
| | - Neso Sojic
- Univ. Bordeaux, Bordeaux INP, ISM, UMR CNRS 5255 33607 Pessac France
- Department of Chemistry, South Ural State University Chelyabinsk 454080 Russian Federation
| | - Giovanni Valenti
- Department of Chemistry "G. Ciamician", University of Bologna Via Selmi 2 40126 Bologna Italy
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