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Duah IK, Tang H, Zhang P. Development of a Novel System Consisting of a Reductase-Like Nanozyme and the Reaction of Resazurin and Ammonia Borane for Sensitive Fluorometric Sensing. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39190820 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/29/2024]
Abstract
We report a novel system consisting of a redox reaction and a highly efficient reductase-like nanozyme, silica-palladium nanoparticles (Pd@SiO2 NPs), as a novel detection platform for fluorometric sensing. In a proof-of-concept demonstration using an oligonucleotide as the detection target, a glass fiber-based sensor is fabricated by covalently conjugating two oligo probes, which are complementary to the adjacent segments of the target oligonucleotide, on Pd@SiO2 NPs and glass fiber, respectively. In the presence of the target oligonucleotide, the two probes are drawn together by the target through sequence-specific hybridization, bringing the Pd@SiO2 NPs to the glass fiber. When the glass fiber is subsequently immersed in a mixture of resazurin and ammonia borane solution, the Pd@SiO2 NPs on the glass fiber trigger the catalytic conversion of resazurin (blue, slightly fluorescent) to resorufin (pink, highly fluorescent) with massive signal amplification, indirectly signaling the presence of the target oligonucleotide. We show that the glass fiber-based fluorometric sensor can detect a target oligonucleotide associated with the BRAF mutation linearly in the concentration range of 20 to 400 pM with a detection limit (LOD) of 15 pM and the specificity to differentiate targets with single-base difference. These results demonstrate a new frontier for the development of a sensitive, specific, and inexpensive nonenzyme-based fluorometric sensing platform as an alternative to conventional enzyme-based assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ishmeal Kwaku Duah
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
| | - Hong Tang
- Alph Technologies LLC, Cincinnati, Ohio 45243, United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221, United States
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2
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Zink A, Reichstein J, Ruhland N, Stockinger N, Morozov BS, Cuadrado Collados C, Thommes M, Kataev EA, Wintzheimer S, Mandel K. Mesoporous supraparticles with a tailored solid-liquid-gas interface for visual indication of H 2 gas and NH 3 vapours. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:5840-5843. [PMID: 38751319 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc01247j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Dual-gasochromic supraparticles that undergo rapid eye-readable and gas-specific colour changes upon reaction with hydrogen or ammonia are reported. This functionality is achieved by tailoring the solid-liquid-gas interface within the mesoporous framework of supraparticles via spray-drying.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Zink
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Jakob Reichstein
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Nico Ruhland
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Nina Stockinger
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Boris S Morozov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Carlos Cuadrado Collados
- Institute of Separation Science and Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Matthias Thommes
- Institute of Separation Science and Technology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Evgeny A Kataev
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Nikolaus-Fiebiger-Str. 10, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wintzheimer
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
| | - Karl Mandel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Inorganic Chemistry, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Egerlandstraße 1, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- Fraunhofer-Institute for Silicate Research ISC, Neunerplatz 2, D-97082 Würzburg, Germany
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Zhou S, Li A, Zhao L, Li Y, Xu X, Jin Y. Single-Cell Sensitive Colorimetric pH Detection Based on Microscope Ratiometric Grayscale. ACS OMEGA 2024; 9:22240-22247. [PMID: 38799348 PMCID: PMC11112558 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.4c01153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2024] [Revised: 04/06/2024] [Accepted: 04/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/29/2024]
Abstract
Rapid and accurate identification of the intracellular pH is critical in the field of biomedicine. In this work, we effectively identified and quantified the intracellular pH and its distribution at the single-cell level using an image sensor based on an ordinary bright-field optical microscope that divided the cell staining images into their red (R) and blue (B) channels. The grayscale of the R and B channels was subjected to a ratiometric operation to generate ratiometric grayscale cell images of the microscope. A standard curve of pH against ratiometric grayscale curve was then obtained by incubating HeLa cells at pH 6.00-7.60 in a high concentration K+ ion buffer solution containing nigericin for obtaining certain intracellular pH values. A good correlation was evidenced between pH and the ratiometric grayscale of the R and B channels in the pH range of 6.00-7.60. Subsequently, the intracellular pH value of the A549 cells under the experimental conditions was measured to be 7.22 ± 0.01 by the method. Furthermore, the changes in the intracellular pH of HeLa cells stimulated with hydrogen peroxide were sensitively monitored, which demonstrated the applicability of the method. Due to its ease of use, the developed colorimetric microscopy pH detection and monitoring method provide prospects for pH-related single-cell studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhou
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Anqi Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Linying Zhao
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yanwen Li
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Xiaolong Xu
- School
of Environmental and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Carbon Peaking
and Carbon Neutralization, Wuyi University, Jiangmen 529020, PR China
| | - Yongdong Jin
- Guangdong
Key Laboratory of Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging,
School of Biomedical Engineering, Shenzhen University Medical School, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, PR China
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Zhang K, Schötz S, Reichstein J, Groppe P, Stockinger N, Wintzheimer S, Mandel K, Libuda J, Retzer T. Supraparticles for naked-eye H 2 indication and monitoring: Improving performance by variation of the catalyst nanoparticles. J Chem Phys 2023; 158:134722. [PMID: 37031150 DOI: 10.1063/5.0135130] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The recent transition to H2-based energy storage demands reliable H2 sensors that allow for easy, fast, and reliable detection of leaks. Conventional H2 detectors are based on the changes of physical properties of H2 probes induced by subsurface H-atoms to a material such as electrical conductivity. Herein, we report on highly reactive gasochromic H2 detectors based on the adsorption of H2 on the material surface. We prepared supraparticles (SPs) containing different types of noble metal nanoparticles (NPs), silica NPs, and the dye resazurin by spray-drying and tested their performance for H2 detection. The material undergoes a distinct color change due to the hydrogenation of the purple resazurin to pink resorufin and, finally, colorless hydroresorufin. The stepwise transition is fast and visible to the naked eye. To further improve the performance of the sensor, we tested the reactivity of SPs with different catalytically active NPs by means of in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transform spectroscopy (DRIFTS). We show that the choice of the NP catalyst has a pronounced effect on the response of the H2 indicator. In addition, we demonstrate that the performance depends on the size of the NPs. These effects are attributed to the availability of reactive H-atoms on the NP surface. Among the materials studied, Pt-containing SPs gave the best results for H2 detection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kailun Zhang
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Simon Schötz
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jakob Reichstein
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Philipp Groppe
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nina Stockinger
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Susanne Wintzheimer
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Karl Mandel
- Inorganic Chemistry, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 1, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Jörg Libuda
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Tanja Retzer
- Interface Research and Catalysis, ECRC, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
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5
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Encapsulation within a coordination cage modulates the reactivity of redox-active dyes. Commun Chem 2022; 5:44. [PMID: 36697669 PMCID: PMC9814915 DOI: 10.1038/s42004-022-00658-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2021] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Confining molecules within well-defined nanosized spaces can profoundly alter their physicochemical characteristics. For example, the controlled aggregation of chromophores into discrete oligomers has been shown to tune their optical properties whereas encapsulation of reactive species within molecular hosts can increase their stability. The resazurin/resorufin pair has been widely used for detecting redox processes in biological settings; yet, how tight confinement affects the properties of these two dyes remains to be explored. Here, we show that a flexible PdII6L4 coordination cage can efficiently encapsulate both resorufin and resazurin in the form of dimers, dramatically modulating their optical properties. Furthermore, binding within the cage significantly decreases the reduction rate of resazurin to resorufin, and the rate of the subsequent reduction of resorufin to dihydroresorufin. During our studies, we also found that upon dilution, the PdII6L4 cage disassembles to afford PdII2L2 species, which lacks the ability to form inclusion complexes - a process that can be reversed upon the addition of the strongly binding resorufin/resazurin guests. We expect that the herein disclosed ability of a water-soluble cage to reversibly modulate the optical and chemical properties of a molecular redox probe will expand the versatility of synthetic fluorescent probes in biologically relevant environments.
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Smith ME, Rose DP, Cui X, Stastny AL, Zhang P, Heineman WR. A Visual Hydrogen Sensor Prototype for Monitoring Magnesium Implant Biodegradation. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10487-10494. [PMID: 34279086 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Alternative metals such as magnesium (Mg) and its alloys have been recently developed for clinical applications such as temporary implants for bone and tissue repair due to their desirable mechanical properties and ability to biodegrade harmlessly in vivo by releasing Mg2+, OH-, and H2 as biodegradation products. The current methods for monitoring in vivo Mg-alloy biodegradation are either invasive and/or costly, complex, or require large equipment and specially trained personnel, thus making real-time and point-of-care monitoring of Mg-alloy implants problematic. Therefore, innovative methods are critically needed. The objective of this research was to develop a novel, thin, and wearable visual H2 sensor prototype for noninvasive monitoring of in vivo Mg-implant biodegradation in medical research and clinical settings with a fast response time. In this work, we successfully demonstrate such a prototype composed of resazurin and catalytic bimetallic gold-palladium nanoparticles (Au-Pd NPs) incorporated into a thin agarose/alginate hydrogel matrix that rapidly changes color from blue to pink upon exposure to various levels of H2 at a constant flow rate. The irreversible redox reactions occurring in the sensor involve H2, in the presence of Au-Pd NPs, converting resazurin to resorufin. To quantify the sensor color changes, ImageJ software was used to analyze photographs of the sensor taken with a smartphone during H2 exposure. The sensor concentration range was from pure H2 down to limits of detection of 6 and 8 μM H2 (defined via two methods). This range is adequate for the intended application of noninvasively monitoring in vivo Mg-alloy implant biodegradation in animals for medical research and patients in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael E Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
| | - Daniel P Rose
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
| | - Xiaoyu Cui
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
| | - Angela L Stastny
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
| | - Peng Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
| | - William R Heineman
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio 45221-0172 United States
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