1
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Yao C, Peng A, Wu P, Zuo J, Pan J, Kong C, Qian Z, Jin Z, Feng H. Side-chain-engineered fluorescent dyes for 3D and long-term dynamic tracking of the plasma membrane in living cells. Talanta 2024; 279:126583. [PMID: 39053364 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2024] [Revised: 07/12/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
The plasma membrane involves in many important biological events such as cell fusion and programmed cell death, but most of current plasma membrane probes cannot meet the requirement of long-term specific anchoring to the plasma membrane. Herein, we propose a molecular side-chain engineering strategy to modulate the long-term imaging performance of fluorescent dyes to the plasma membrane by regulating the cell permeability and anchoring ability. A series of FMR dyes with different lengths of side chains were designed and synthesized, and their transmembrane behaviours and staining performance were evaluated in living HeLa cells. We found that short-chain and medium-chain FMR dyes have excellent cell permeability without the labeling ability to the plasma membrane while the long-chain FMR dyes specifically stain the plasma membrane and can be firmly anchored to the plasma membrane for a long period of time. These long-chain FMR dyes have high stain specificality to the plasma membrane, and C10-FMR can be anchored to the plasma membrane of living cells for 2 h, which enables it to continuously monitor dynamic changes of the plasma membrane. The three-dimensional precision imaging of various cells was achieved using C10-FMR, which provides an opportunity to obtain complete information on the three-dimensional spatial morphology of the plasma membrane. The PEG-induced cell fusion of chicken red blood cells and H2O2-induced apoptosis of HeLa cells were monitored by real-time tracking of dynamic changes of the plasma membrane during these processes, which provide solid examples to prove the usefulness of these fluorescent dyes as long-term imaging tools. This work validates the hypothesis that cell permeability of membrane dyes can be readily regulated by tuning the side chains, and provides the effective design strategy of fluorescent dyes for 3D and long-term dynamic tracking of the plasma membrane of diverse animal cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Aohui Peng
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Penglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Junjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Chuixi Kong
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China.
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua, 321004, PR China.
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2
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Ye YX, Pan JC, Wang HC, Zhang XT, Zhu HL, Liu XH. Advances in small-molecule fluorescent probes for the study of apoptosis. Chem Soc Rev 2024. [PMID: 39129564 DOI: 10.1039/d4cs00502c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
Apoptosis, as type I cell death, is an active death process strictly controlled by multiple genes, and plays a significant role in regulating various activities. Mounting research indicates that the unique modality of cell apoptosis is directly or indirectly related to different diseases including cancer, autoimmune diseases, viral diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, etc. However, the underlying mechanisms of cell apoptosis are complicated and not fully clarified yet, possibly due to the lack of effective chemical tools for the nondestructive and real-time visualization of apoptosis in complex biological systems. In the past 15 years, various small-molecule fluorescent probes (SMFPs) for imaging apoptosis in vitro and in vivo have attracted broad interest in related disease diagnostics and therapeutics. In this review, we aim to highlight the recent developments of SMFPs based on enzyme activity, plasma membranes, reactive oxygen species, reactive sulfur species, microenvironments and others during cell apoptosis. In particular, we generalize the mechanisms commonly used to design SMFPs for studying apoptosis. In addition, we discuss the limitations of reported probes, and emphasize the potential challenges and prospects in the future. We believe that this review will provide a comprehensive summary and challenging direction for the development of SMFPs in apoptosis related fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Xi Ye
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, P. R. China.
| | - Jian-Cheng Pan
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Chao Wang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, P. R. China.
| | - Xing-Tao Zhang
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, P. R. China.
| | - Hai-Liang Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China.
| | - Xin-Hua Liu
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Biology and Food Engineering, Suzhou University, Suzhou 234000, P. R. China.
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Diseases, Anhui Institute of Innovative Drugs, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, P. R. China
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3
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Zuo J, Peng A, Wu P, Chen J, Yao C, Pan J, Zhu E, Weng Y, Zhang K, Feng H, Jin Z, Qian Z. Charge-regulated fluorescent anchors enable high-fidelity tracking of plasma membrane dynamics during biological events. Chem Sci 2024; 15:8934-8945. [PMID: 38873067 PMCID: PMC11168104 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc01423e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/04/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Many biological processes generally require long-term visualization tools for time-scale dynamic changes of the plasma membrane, but there is still a lack of design rules for such imaging tools based on small-molecule fluorescent probes. Herein, we revealed the key regulatory roles of charge number and species of fluorescent dyes in the anchoring ability of the plasma membrane and found that the introduction of multi-charged units and appropriate charge species is often required for fluorescent dyes with strong plasma membrane anchoring ability by systematically investigating the structure-function relationship of cyanostyrylpyridium (CSP) dyes with different charge numbers and species and their imaging performance for the plasma membrane. The CSP-DBO dye constructed exhibits strong plasma membrane anchoring ability in staining the plasma membrane of cells, in addition to many other advantages such as excellent biocompatibility and general universality of cell types. Such a fluorescent anchor has been successfully used to monitor chemically induced plasma membrane damage and dynamically track various cellular biological events such as cell fusion and cytokinesis over a long period of time by continuously monitoring the dynamic morphological changes of the plasma membrane, providing a valuable precise visualization tool to study the physiological response to chemical stimuli and reveal the structural morphological changes and functions of the plasma membrane during these important biological events from a dynamic perspective. Furthermore, CSP-DBO exhibits excellent biocompatibility and imaging capability in vivo such as labelling the plasma membrane in vivo and monitoring the metabolic process of lipofuscin as an aging indicator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Aohui Peng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Penglei Wu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Junyi Chen
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Junjun Pan
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Yingye Weng
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Zhigang Jin
- College of Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University YIngbin Road 688 JInhua 321004 China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
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4
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Li ZL, Ma AX, Liu JQ, Wang K, Zhu BC, Pang DW, Kong DM. A translocation fluorescent probe for analyzing cellular physiological parameters in neurological disease models. J Mater Chem B 2024; 12:4398-4408. [PMID: 38651348 DOI: 10.1039/d4tb00557k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/25/2024]
Abstract
Neurological disorders are closely linked to the alterations in cell membrane permeability (CMP) and mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP). Changes in CMP and MMP may lead to damage and death of nerve cells, thus triggering the onset and progression of neurological diseases. Therefore, monitoring the changes of these two physiological parameters not only benefits the accurate assessment of nerve cell health status, but also enables providing key information for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases. However, the simultaneous monitoring of these two cellular physiological parameters is still challenging. Herein, we design and synthesize two quinolinium-carbazole-derivated fluorescent probes (OQ and PQ). As isomers, the only difference in their chemical structures is the linking position of the carbazole unit in quinoline rings. Strikingly, such a subtle difference endows OQ and PQ with significantly different organelle-staining behaviors. PQ mainly targets at the nucleus, OQ can simultaneously stain cell membranes and mitochondria in normal cells, and performs CMP and MMP-dependent translocation from the cell membrane to mitochondria then to the nucleus, thus holding great promise as an intracellular translocation probe to image the changes of CMP and MMP. After unraveling the intrinsic mechanism of their different translocation abilities by combining experiments with molecular dynamics simulations and density functional theory calculations, we successfully used OQ to monitor the continuous changes of CMP and MMP in three neurological disease-related cell models, including oxidative stress-damaged, Parkinson's disease, and virus-infected ones. Besides providing a validated imaging tool for monitoring cellular physiological parameters, this work paves a promising route for designing intracellular translocation probes to analyze cellular physiological parameters associated with various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zi-Lu Li
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Ai-Xin Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Jing-Qi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - Kun Wang
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Bao-Cun Zhu
- School of Water Conservancy and Environment, University of Jinan, Jinan 250022, P. R. China.
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
| | - De-Ming Kong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Centre for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, P. R. China.
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Qinghai Minzu University, Xining 810007, Qinghai Province, P. R. China
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5
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Zhang X, Zhou C, Hou J, Feng G, Xu Z, Shao Y, Yang C, Xu G. Conjugated Oligoelectrolyte with DNA Affinity for Enhanced Nuclear Imaging and Precise DNA Quantification. BIOSENSORS 2024; 14:105. [PMID: 38392025 PMCID: PMC10887168 DOI: 10.3390/bios14020105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/09/2024] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/10/2024] [Indexed: 02/24/2024]
Abstract
Precise DNA quantification and nuclear imaging are pivotal for clinical testing, pathological diagnosis, and drug development. The detection and localization of mitochondrial DNA serve as crucial indicators of cellular health. We introduce a novel conjugated oligoelectrolyte (COE) molecule, COE-S3, featuring a planar backbone composed of three benzene rings and terminal side chains. This unique amphiphilic structure endows COE-S3 with exceptional water solubility, a high quantum yield of 0.79, and a significant fluorescence Stokes shift (λex = 366 nm, λem = 476 nm), alongside a specific fluorescence response to DNA. The fluorescence intensity correlates proportionally with DNA concentration. COE-S3 interacts with double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) through an intercalation binding mode, exhibiting a binding constant (K) of 1.32 × 106 M-1. Its amphiphilic nature and strong DNA affinity facilitate its localization within mitochondria in living cells and nuclei in apoptotic cells. Remarkably, within 30 min of COE-S3 staining, cell vitality can be discerned through real-time nuclear fluorescence imaging of apoptotic cells. COE-S3's high DNA selectivity enables quantitative intracellular DNA analysis, providing insights into cell proliferation, differentiation, and growth. Our findings underscore COE-S3, with its strategically designed, shortened planar backbone, as a promising intercalative probe for DNA quantification and nuclear imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinmeng Zhang
- Shenzhen Testing Center of Medical Devices, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Institute of Polymer Optoelectronic Materials and Devices, State Key Laboratory of Luminescent Materials and Devices, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510640, China
| | - Jianxun Hou
- Shenzhen Testing Center of Medical Devices, Shenzhen Institute for Drug Control, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Gang Feng
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Zhourui Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Yonghong Shao
- College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Chengbin Yang
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Gaixia Xu
- Guangdong Key Laboratory for Biomedical Measurements and Ultrasound Imaging, School of Biomedical Engineering, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
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6
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Huang B, Wang K, Zhang J, Yan H, Zhao H, Han L, Han T, Tang BZ. Targeted and Long-Term Fluorescence Imaging of Plant Cytomembranes Using Main-Chain Charged Polyelectrolytes with Aggregation-Induced Emission. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024. [PMID: 38349972 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c16257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/15/2024]
Abstract
Fluorescent polyelectrolytes have attracted tremendous attention due to their unique properties and wide applications. However, current research objects of fluorescent polyelectrolytes mainly focus on side-chain charged polyelectrolytes, and the applications of polyelectrolytes in plant cytomembrane imaging with long time and high specificity still remain challenging. Herein, long-time and targeted fluorescence imaging of plant cytomembranes was achieved for the first time using main-chain charged polyelectrolytes (MCCPs) with aggregation-induced emission (AIE). A series of MCCPs were designed and synthesized, among which the red-emissive and AIE-active MCCP with a triphenylamine linker and a cyano group around the cationic ring-fused heterocyclic core showed the best fluorescence imaging performance of plant cells. Unlike other MCCPs and its neutral form of polymer, this cyano-substituted conjugated polyelectrolyte can specifically target the cytomembrane of plant cells within a short staining time with many advantages, including wash-free staining, high photostability and imaging integrity, excellent durability (at least 12 h), and low biotoxicity. In addition to onion epidermal cells, this AIE fluorescence probe also shows good imaging capabilities for other kinds of plant cells such as Glycine max and Vigna radiata. Such an AIE-active MCCP-based imaging system provides an effective design strategy to develop fluorescence probes with high specificity and long-term imaging ability toward plant plasma membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baojian Huang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Kang Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jinchuan Zhang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hewei Yan
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- School of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lei Han
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Ting Han
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- School of Science and Engineering, Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518172, China
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7
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Wang L, Ma Y, Li S, Lin W. Regulation of the alkyl chain of fluorescent probes to selectively target the cell membrane or mitochondria in living cells. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 290:122280. [PMID: 36586172 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/19/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
The visualization of cell membrane and mitochondrial behavior in living cells is of great life science value, but challenging due to the lack of ideal probes. In this work, two novel fluorescent probes based on different lengths of alkyl chains were reported for selective targeting of cell membranes or mitochondria of living cells. The probe CTM (1-Octadecyl-4-[9-ethyl-6-(diphenylamino)-9H-carbazol-3-yl] pyridinium) achieved cell membrane-specific staining in cells. Moreover, the probe CTM could monitor cell membrane damage through subcellular migration. Once the cell membrane was damaged, the probe CTM migrated into the mitochondria as a signal reporter. In addition, the probe MTM (1-Dodecly-4-[9-ethyl-6-(diphenylamino)-9H-carbazol-3-yl] pyridinium) with the shorter alkyl chain bearing the same skeleton structure penetrated the cell membrane and exhibited high affinity to mitochondria. This work will provide a useful tool to visualize the behavior of cell membranes and mitochondria in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Wang
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Yanyan Ma
- Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Marine Monitoring Instrument Equipment Technology, National Engineering and Technological Research Center of Marine Monitoring Equipment, Institute of Oceanographic Instrumentation, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Qingdao, Shandong 266061, PR China
| | - Shifei Li
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China
| | - Weiying Lin
- Institute of Fluorescent Probes for Biological Imaging, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, School of Materials Science and Engineering, University of Jinan, Jinan, Shandong 250022, PR China; Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical Energy Materials, Institute of Optical Materials and Chemical Biology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning, Guangxi 530004, PR China.
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8
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Zuo J, Zhu E, Yin W, Yao C, Liao J, Ping X, Zhu Y, Cai X, Rao Y, Feng H, Zhang K, Qian Z. Long-term spatiotemporal and highly specific imaging of the plasma membrane of diverse plant cells using a near-infrared AIE probe. Chem Sci 2023; 14:2139-2148. [PMID: 36845931 PMCID: PMC9945320 DOI: 10.1039/d2sc05727a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent probes are valuable tools to visualize plasma membranes intuitively and clearly and their related physiological processes in a spatiotemporal manner. However, most existing probes have only realized the specific staining of the plasma membranes of animal/human cells within a very short time period, while almost no fluorescent probes have been developed for the long-term imaging of the plasma membranes of plant cells. Herein, we designed an AIE-active probe with NIR emission to achieve four-dimensional spatiotemporal imaging of the plasma membranes of plant cells based on a collaboration approach involving multiple strategies, demonstrated long-term real-time monitoring of morphological changes of plasma membranes for the first time, and further proved its wide applicability to plant cells of different types and diverse plant species. In the design concept, three effective strategies including the similarity and intermiscibility principle, antipermeability strategy and strong electrostatic interactions were combined to allow the probe to specifically target and anchor the plasma membrane for an ultralong amount of time on the premise of guaranteeing its sufficiently high aqueous solubility. The designed APMem-1 can quickly penetrate cell walls to specifically stain the plasma membranes of all plant cells in a very short time with advanced features (ultrafast staining, wash-free, and desirable biocompatibility) and the probe shows excellent plasma membrane specificity without staining other areas of the cell in comparison to commercial FM dyes. The longest imaging time of APMem-1 can be up to 10 h with comparable performance in both imaging contrast and imaging integrity. The validation experiments on different types of plant cells and diverse plants convincingly proved the universality of APMem-1. The development of plasma membrane probes with four-dimensional spatial and ultralong-term imaging ability provides a valuable tool to monitor the dynamic processes of plasma membrane-related events in an intuitive and real-time manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Zuo
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Wenjing Yin
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Chuangye Yao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Jiajia Liao
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Xinni Ping
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yuqing Zhu
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Xuting Cai
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Yuchun Rao
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Hui Feng
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Kewei Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- Key Laboratory of the Ministry of Education for Advanced Catalysis Materials, College of Chemistry and Material Sciences, Zhejiang Normal University Yingbin Road 688 Jinhua 321004 China
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9
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Wang SH, Zhang YW, Wang XD, Zan Q, Yu X, Fan L. An esterase-sensitive AIEgen probe targeting mitochondria and lipid droplets for assessing cell viability. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2023; 287:122122. [PMID: 36427403 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2022.122122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2022] [Revised: 11/12/2022] [Accepted: 11/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In order to conduct in-depth research on the mechanisms of cancer diagnosis and treatment, it is very important to develop fluorescent probes to study the interactions between different organelles and understand the relationship between various organelles and cell viability. However, the lack of fluorescent probes to visualize two or more targets has resulted in limited studies of intracellular interactions between different organelles. To this end, in this work, we developed a near-infrared (NIR) AIE probe with dual-color emission, NAP-Py-E, for mitochondria and lipid droplets imaging. The probe NAP-Py-E consists of lipophilic fraction, pyridine cation structure and esterase hydrolysis site. Interestingly, NAP-Py-E first targets mitochondria and emits red fluorescence; after partially hydrolyed by esterase in living cells, the hydrolysate NAP-Py accumulates in lipid droplets and emits green fluorescence. The probe has been successfully used to assess cell viability due to its dual-color emission and dual-organelle targeted changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo-Hang Wang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, Jilin, China
| | - Yue-Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, Jilin, China.
| | - Xiao-Dong Wang
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Qi Zan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China
| | - Xue Yu
- School of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Jilin Institute of Chemical Technology, Jilin 132022, Jilin, China
| | - Li Fan
- Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, Shanxi, China.
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10
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Hong J, Zhang J, Li Q, Feng G. One Stone, Three Birds: A Smart Single Fluorescent Probe for Simultaneous and Discriminative Imaging of Lysosomes, Lipid Droplets, and Mitochondria. Anal Chem 2023; 95:2671-2679. [PMID: 36692199 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c03073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Complex intracellular life processes are usually completed through the cooperation of multiple organelles. Real-time tracking of the interplays between multiple organelles with a single fluorescent probe (SFP) is very helpful to deepen our understanding of complex biological processes. So far, SFP for simultaneously differentiating and visualizing of more than two different organelles has not been reported. Herein, we report an SFP (named ICM) that can be used for simultaneously differentiating and visualizing three important organelles: mitochondria, lysosomes, and lipid droplets (LDs). The probe can simultaneously light up mitochondria/lysosomes (∼700 nm) and LDs (∼480 nm) at significantly different emission wavelengths with high fidelity, and mitochondria and lysosomes can be effectively distinguished by their different shapes and fluorescence intensities. With this smart probe, real-time and simultaneous tracking of the interplays of these three organelles was successfully achieved for the first time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Hong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Jinzheng Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Qianhua Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
| | - Guoqiang Feng
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Chemical Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, 152 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China
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11
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Niu J, Ma Y, Yang Y, Lv H, Wang J, Wang T, Liu F, Xu S, Jiang Z, Lin W. Lighting up the changes of plasma membranes during apoptosis with fluorescent probes. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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12
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Li H, Kim H, Zhang C, Zeng S, Chen Q, Jia L, Wang J, Peng X, Yoon J. Mitochondria-targeted smart AIEgens: Imaging and therapeutics. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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13
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Li C, Guan X, Zhang X, Zhou D, Son S, Xu Y, Deng M, Guo Z, Sun Y, Kim JS. NIR-II bioimaging of small molecule fluorophores: From basic research to clinical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2022; 216:114620. [PMID: 36001931 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2022.114620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Due to the low autofluorescence and deep-photo penetration, the second near-infrared region fluorescence imaging technology (NIR-II, 1000-2000 nm) has been widely utilized in basic scientific research and preclinical practice throughout the past decade. The most attractive candidates for clinical translation are organic NIR-II fluorophores with a small-molecule framework, owing to their low toxicity, high synthetic repeatability, and simplicity of chemical modification. In order to enhance the translation of small molecule applications in NIR-II bioimaging, NIR-II fluorescence imaging technology has evolved from its usage in cells to the diagnosis of diseases in large animals and even humans. Although several examples of NIR-II fluorescence imaging have been used in preclinical studies, there are still many challenges that need to be addressed before they can finally be used in clinical settings. In this paper, we reviewed the evolution of the chemical structures and photophysical properties of small-molecule fluorophores, with an emphasis on their biomedical applications ranging from small animals to humans. We also explored the potential of small-molecule fluorophores.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chonglu Li
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China; Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xiaofang Guan
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Xian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China
| | - Di Zhou
- Experimental Medicine Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Subin Son
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Yunjie Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea
| | - Mengtian Deng
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Zhenzhong Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430065, China
| | - Yao Sun
- Key Laboratory of Pesticides and Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan, 430079, China.
| | - Jong Seung Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, South Korea.
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14
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Kundu S, Das S, Jaiswal S, Patra A. Molecular to Supramolecular Self-Assembled Luminogens for Tracking the Intracellular Organelle Dynamics. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2022; 5:3623-3648. [PMID: 35834795 DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.2c00415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Deciphering the dynamics of intracellular organelles has gained immense attention due to their subtle control over diverse, complex biological processes such as cellular metabolism, energy homeostasis, and autophagy. In this context, molecular materials, including small-organic fluorescent probes and their supramolecular self-assembled nano-/microarchitectures, have been employed to explore the diverse intracellular biological events. However, only a handful of fluorescent probes and self-assembled emissive structures have been successfully used to track different organelle's movements, circumventing the issues related to water solubility and long-term photostability. Thus, the water-soluble molecular fluorescent probes and the water-dispersible supramolecular self-assemblies have emerged as promising candidates to explore the trafficking of the organelles under diverse physiological conditions. In this review, we have delineated the recent progress of fluorescent probes and their supramolecular self-assemblies for the elucidation of the dynamics of diverse cellular organelles with a special emphasis on lysosomes, lipid droplets, and mitochondria. Recent advancement in fluorescence lifetime and super-resolution microscopy imaging has also been discussed to investigate the dynamics of organelles. In addition, the fabrication of the next-generation molecular to supramolecular self-assembled luminogens for probing the variation of microenvironments during the trafficking process has been outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Kundu
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Subhadeep Das
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Shilpi Jaiswal
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
| | - Abhijit Patra
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Bhopal, Bhopal By-Pass Road, Bhauri, Bhopal 462066, Madhya Pradesh, India
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15
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Hong Luo G, Zhao Xu T, Li X, Jiang W, Hong Duo Y, Zhong Tang B. Cellular organelle-targeted smart AIEgens in tumor detection, imaging and therapeutics. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214508] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/09/2023]
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16
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Zuo Y, Shen H, Sun F, Li P, Sun J, Kwok RTK, Lam JWY, Tang BZ. Aggregation-Induced Emission Luminogens for Cell Death Research. ACS BIO & MED CHEM AU 2022; 2:236-257. [PMID: 37101570 PMCID: PMC10114857 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomedchemau.1c00066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/28/2023]
Abstract
Cell death is closely related to various diseases, and monitoring and controlling cell death is a promising strategy to develop efficient therapy. Aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens) are ideal candidates for developing novel theranostic agents because of their intriguing properties in the aggregate state. The rational application of AIE materials in cell death-related research is still in its infancy but has shown great clinical potential. This review discussed the research frontier and our understanding of AIE materials in various subroutines of cell death, including apoptosis, necrosis, immunogenic cell death, pyroptosis, autophagy, lysosome-dependent cell death, and ferroptosis. We hope that the new insights can be offered to this growing field and attract more researchers to provide valuable contributions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunfei Zuo
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Hanchen Shen
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Feiyi Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Pei Li
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Department
of Gastrointestinal Surgery, The Second Clinical Medical College, Shenzhen People’s Hospital, Jinan University, Shenzhen, 518020, China
| | - Jianwei Sun
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Ryan T. K. Kwok
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Jacky W. Y. Lam
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Department
of Chemistry, Hong Kong Branch of Chinese National Engineering Research
Center for Tissue Restoration and Reconstruction, and Guangdong-Hong
Kong-Macau Joint Laboratory of Optoelectronic and Magnetic Functional
Materials, Division of Life Science, and State Key Laboratory of Molecular
Neuroscience, The Hong Kong University of
Science & Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong 999077, P.R. China
- Shenzhen
Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and
Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong
Kong, Shenzhen, 2001
Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen
City, Guangdong 518172, China
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17
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Bu Y, Rong M, Wang J, Zhu X, Zhang J, Wang L, Yu Z, Tian Y, Zhou H, Xie Y. Cancer Cell Membrane Labeling Fluorescent Doppelganger Enables In Situ Photoactivated Membrane Dynamics Tracking via Two-Photon Fluorescence Imaging Microscopy. Anal Chem 2022; 94:8373-8381. [PMID: 35647787 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Various suborganelles are delimited by lipid bilayers, in which high spatial and temporal morphological changes are essential to many physiological and pathological processes of cells. However, almost all the amphiphilic fluorescent molecules reported until now are not available for in situ precise tracking of membrane dynamics in cell apoptosis. Here, the MO (coumarin pyridine derivatives) was devised by engineering lipophilic coumarin and cationic pyridine salt, which not only lastingly anchored onto the plasma membrane in dark due to appropriate amphipathicity and electrostatic interactions but also in situ reflected the membrane damage and heterogeneity with secretion of extracellular vesicles (EVs) under reactive oxygen species regulation and was investigated by two-photon fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy. This work opens up a new avenue for the development of plasma membrane staining and EV-based medicines for the early diagnosis and treatment of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingcui Bu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Mengtao Rong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Junjun Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Xiaojiao Zhu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Jie Zhang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Lianke Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Yupeng Tian
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Hongping Zhou
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Chemistry for Inorganic/Organic Hybrid Functionalized Materials, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials (Anhui University) Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Institute of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University and Key Laboratory of Functional Inorganic Materials Chemistry of Anhui University, Hefei230601,P. R. China
| | - Yi Xie
- Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Science at Microscale, iChem, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei230051, P. R. China
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18
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Zhang Z, Kang M, Tan H, Song N, Li M, Xiao P, Yan D, Zhang L, Wang D, Tang BZ. The fast-growing field of photo-driven theranostics based on aggregation-induced emission. Chem Soc Rev 2022; 51:1983-2030. [PMID: 35226010 DOI: 10.1039/d1cs01138c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 126] [Impact Index Per Article: 63.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Photo-driven theranostics, also known as phototheranostics, relying on the diverse excited-state energy conversions of theranostic agents upon photoexcitation represents a significant branch of theranostics, which ingeniously integrate diagnostic imaging and therapeutic interventions into a single formulation. The combined merits of photoexcitation and theranostics endow photo-driven theranostics with numerous superior features. The applications of aggregation-induced emission luminogens (AIEgens), a particular category of fluorophores, in the field of photo-driven theranostics have been intensively studied by virtue of their versatile advantageous merits of favorable biocompatibility, tuneable photophysical properties, unique aggregation-enhanced theranostic (AET) features, ideal AET-favored on-site activation ability and ready construction of one-for-all multimodal theranostics. This review summarised the significant achievements of photo-driven theranostics based on AIEgens, which were detailedly elaborated and classified by their diverse theranostic modalities into three groups: fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy, photoacoustic imaging-guided photothermal therapy, and multi-modality theranostics. Particularly, the tremendous advantages and individual design strategies of AIEgens in pursuit of high-performance photosensitizing output, high photothermal conversion and multimodal function capability by adjusting the excited-state energy dissipation pathways are emphasized in each section. In addition to highlighting AIEgens as promising templates for modulating energy dissipation in the application of photo-driven theranostics, current challenges and opportunities in this field are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhijun Zhang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Miaomiao Kang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Hui Tan
- Pneumology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518026, China
| | - Nan Song
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Meng Li
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Peihong Xiao
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Dingyuan Yan
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Liping Zhang
- Pneumology Department, Shenzhen Children's Hospital, Shenzhen 518026, China
| | - Dong Wang
- Center for AIE Research, Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Polymer Science and Technology, Guangdong Research Center for Interfacial Engineering of Functional Materials, College of Material Science and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
| | - Ben Zhong Tang
- Shenzhen Institute of Aggregate Science and Technology, School of Science and Engineering, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shenzhen, 2001 Longxiang Boulevard, Longgang District, Shenzhen City, Guangdong 518172, China.
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19
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Zhang X, Wang Z, Chu H, Xiong Z, Li Y, Chen Y, Zhu Q, Feng H, Zhu E, Zhou J, Huang P, Qian Z. Antipermeability Strategy to Achieve Extremely High Specificity and Ultralong Imaging of Diverse Cell Membranes Based on Restriction-Induced Emission of AIEgens. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4048-4058. [PMID: 35191676 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Long-term in situ cell membrane-targeted bioimaging is of great significance for studying specific biological processes and functions, but currently developed membrane probes are rarely simultaneously used to image the plasma membrane of animal and plant cells, and these probes lack sufficiently high long-term targeting ability. Herein, we proposed an antipermeability strategy to achieve highly specific and long-term imaging of plasma membranes of both human and plant cells using the steric hindrance effect and restriction-induced emission of AIE-active probes based on an updated membrane model. A certain degree of rigidity of plasma membrane containing a large ratio of rigid cholesterol molecules in the updated membrane model provides a promising opportunity to design antipermeable probes by introducing a rigid steric hindrance group in the probe. The designed antipermeable probes can anchor inside plasma membrane for a long term relying on the combination of the steric hindrance effect and the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between the probe and the membrane, as well as light up the membrane via the restriction-induced emission mechanism. The excellent performance in imaging completeness and specificity for both human cells and plant cells clearly shows that these designed probes possess outstanding antipermeability to achieve long-term specific imaging of membrane. These probes also show some advanced features such as ultrafast staining, wash-free merit, favorable biocompatibility, good photostability, and effective resistance to viscosity and pH alteration. This work also provides a valuable design principle for membrane probes of plant cells that the designed probes require a suitable molecular size favoring the penetration of small pores of cell walls.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxiao Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenni Wang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hao Chu
- College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuping Xiong
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanjiang Li
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Chen
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qiaozhi Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Feng
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Engao Zhu
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jin Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, People's Republic of China
| | - Peng Huang
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhaosheng Qian
- College of Chemistry and Life Science, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China.,Key Laboratory of the Ministry for Advanced Catalysis Materials, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, People's Republic of China
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20
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21
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López‐Andarias J, Eblighatian K, Pasquer QTL, Assies L, Sakai N, Hoogendoorn S, Matile S. Photocleavable Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes: Fast Release with Spatiotemporal Control in Inner Leaflets of Plasma Membrane, Nuclear Envelope, and Secretory Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Javier López‐Andarias
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Krikor Eblighatian
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Quentin T. L. Pasquer
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Sascha Hoogendoorn
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic Chemistry National Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical Biology University of Geneva Geneva Switzerland
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22
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López‐Andarias J, Eblighatian K, Pasquer QTL, Assies L, Sakai N, Hoogendoorn S, Matile S. Photocleavable Fluorescent Membrane Tension Probes: Fast Release with Spatiotemporal Control in Inner Leaflets of Plasma Membrane, Nuclear Envelope, and Secretory Pathway. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2022; 61:e202113163. [PMID: 34734671 PMCID: PMC9299180 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202113163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Mechanosensitive flipper probes are attracting interest as fluorescent reporters of membrane order and tension in biological systems. We introduce PhotoFlippers, which contain a photocleavable linker and an ultralong tether between mechanophore and various targeting motifs. Upon irradiation, the original probe is released and labels the most ordered membrane that is accessible by intermembrane transfer. Spatiotemporal control from photocleavable flippers is essential to access open, dynamic or elusive membrane motifs without chemical or physical interference. For instance, fast release with light is shown to place the original small-molecule probes into the innermost leaflet of the nuclear envelope to image changes in membrane tension, at specific points in time of membrane trafficking along the secretory pathway, or in the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane to explore membrane asymmetry. These results identify PhotoFlippers as useful chemistry tools to enable research in biology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier López‐Andarias
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Krikor Eblighatian
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Quentin T. L. Pasquer
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Lea Assies
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Sascha Hoogendoorn
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- Department of Organic ChemistryNational Centre of Competence in Research (NCCR) Chemical BiologyUniversity of GenevaGenevaSwitzerland
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García-Calvo J, López-Andarias J, Maillard J, Mercier V, Roffay C, Roux A, Fürstenberg A, Sakai N, Matile S. HydroFlipper membrane tension probes: imaging membrane hydration and mechanical compression simultaneously in living cells. Chem Sci 2022; 13:2086-2093. [PMID: 35308858 PMCID: PMC8849034 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc05208j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
HydroFlippers are introduced as the first fluorescent membrane tension probes that report simultaneously on membrane compression and hydration. The probe design is centered around a sensing cycle that couples the mechanical planarization of twisted push–pull fluorophores with the dynamic covalent hydration of their exocyclic acceptor. In FLIM images of living cells, tension-induced deplanarization is reported as a decrease in fluorescence lifetime of the dehydrated mechanophore. Membrane hydration is reported as the ratio of the photon counts associated to the hydrated and dehydrated mechanophores in reconvoluted lifetime frequency histograms. Trends for tension-induced decompression and hydration of cellular membranes of interest (MOIs) covering plasma membrane, lysosomes, mitochondria, ER, and Golgi are found not to be the same. Tension-induced changes in mechanical compression are rather independent of the nature of the MOI, while the responsiveness to changes in hydration are highly dependent on the intrinsic order of the MOI. These results confirm the mechanical planarization of push–pull probes in the ground state as most robust mechanism to routinely image membrane tension in living cells, while the availability of simultaneous information on membrane hydration will open new perspectives in mechanobiology. HydroFlippers respond to membrane compression and hydration in the same fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy histogram: the responses do not correlate.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- José García-Calvo
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Javier López-Andarias
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Jimmy Maillard
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Vincent Mercier
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Chloé Roffay
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Aurélien Roux
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Alexandre Fürstenberg
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Naomi Sakai
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
| | - Stefan Matile
- School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, NCCR Chemical Biology, University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland
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Tian M, Zhan J, Lin W. Single fluorescent probes enabling simultaneous visualization of duple organelles: Design principles, mechanisms, and applications. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.214266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Wang Y, Xia B, Huang Q, Luo T, Zhang Y, Timashev P, Guo W, Li F, Liang X. Practicable Applications of Aggregation-Induced Emission with Biomedical Perspective. Adv Healthc Mater 2021; 10:e2100945. [PMID: 34418321 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202100945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Considerable efforts have been made into developing aggregation-induced emission fluorogens (AIEgens)-containing nano-therapeutic systems due to the excellent properties of AIEgens. Compared to other fluorescent molecules, AIEgens have advantages including low background, high signal-to-noise ratio, good sensitivity, and resistance to photobleaching, in addition to being exempt from concentration quenching or aggregation-caused quenching effects. The present review outlines the major developments in the biomedical applications of AIEgens-containing systems. From a literature survey, the recent AIE works are reviewed and the reasons why AIEgens are chosen in various biomedical applications are highlighted. The research activities on AIEgens-containing systems are increasing rapidly, therefore, the present review is timely.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuqing Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Sino‐Danish Center for Education and Research Sino‐Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Bozhang Xia
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Qianqian Huang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
- Sino‐Danish Center for Education and Research Sino‐Danish College of University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
| | - Ting Luo
- School of Medicine Nankai University Tianjin 300071 China
- Department of Interventional Ultrasound Chinese PLA General Hospital Beijing 100853 China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies Institute for Regenerative Medicine Sechenov University Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Peter Timashev
- Laboratory of Clinical Smart Nanotechnologies Institute for Regenerative Medicine Sechenov University Moscow 119991 Russia
| | - Weisheng Guo
- Translational Medicine Center Key Laboratory of Molecular Target and Clinical Pharmacology School of Pharmaceutical Sciences and The Second Affiliated Hospital Guangzhou Medical University Guangzhou 510260 China
| | - Fangzhou Li
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China
| | - Xing‐Jie Liang
- CAS Key Laboratory for Biomedical Effects of Nanomaterials and Nanosafety CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience National Center for Nanoscience and Technology of China Beijing 100190 China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100049 China
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A novel near-infrared viscosity probe based on synergistic effect of AIE property and molecular rotors for mitophagy imaging during liver injury. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1187:339146. [PMID: 34753564 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2021] [Revised: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 10/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Mitophagy, a specialized form of autophagy, holds the key to cellular metabolism and physiology. Viscosity is a significant marker for visualization of the mitophagy process in real-time. Hence, development of well-performing viscosity probe is beneficial to study mitophagy-related dynamic physiological and pathological processes. Here, a new strategy was proposed by combination of AIE property and molecular rotors to design novel viscosity probe. The probe named TPA-Py was obtained by Knoevenagel condensation reaction of AIE unit and pyridine salt, which giving the probe excellent near-infrared emission, good water-solubility and mitochondrial targeting ability. Most importantly, TPA-Py owns two rotatable parts of triphenylamine and double bond, enabling the probe to equip with AIE property and sensitive recognition units for viscosity. With the environmental viscosity increasing, the rotation of the molecular rotor and the AIE unit is restricted effectively, the probe displayed strong fluorescence. Then, TPA-Py was successfully employed for monitoring the mitophagy process in A549 cells by imaging viscosity alterations. As mitophagy constitutes an important consideration in the pathogenesis of drug-induced liver injury, TPA-Py was also applied to explore the variation of viscosity in production and remediation pathways of APAP-induced liver injury. These results demonstrated that TPA-Py was a highly sensitive viscosity probe which holds great potential of biological applications.
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Deshmukh S, Biradar MR, Kharat K, Bhosale SV. Aggregation induced emission (AIE) materials for mitochondria imaging. PROGRESS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY AND TRANSLATIONAL SCIENCE 2021; 184:179-204. [PMID: 34749973 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pmbts.2021.06.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are energy producing organelle of the eukaryotic cells. The main activities of mitochondria monitored by various marker molecules are autophagy detection, estimation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS), mitochondrial death and Photodynamic therapy in cancer cells. Due to the advantages of specificity and sensitivity, aggregation induced emission (AIE) is now popular for the mitochondria labeling. In this chapter, we would like to discuss three major types of AIEgens probe used in mitochondrial staining. There are three different types of AIEgens available for mitochondrial detection and sensing based on their different structural motifs. The first type of AIEgens is tetraphenylethene (TPE) based molecules. Due to simple engineering architecture, TPE based AIEgens are widely employed in bioimaging applications. AIEgen such as triphenylphosphine (TPP), and triphenylamine (TPA) are also employed as a novel building block. These are successfully used as exceptional lipid droplet (LD)-specific bio probes in cell imaging, assurance of cell combination, and photodynamic cancer cell removal. The third group is the miscellaneous AIEgens probe involved in mitochondria imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Satish Deshmukh
- Department of Chemistry, MSPMs' Deogiri College, Aurangabad, India
| | - Madan R Biradar
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | | | - Sidhanath Vishwanath Bhosale
- Polymers and Functional Materials Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India; Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
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Zheng Y, Ding Y, Zheng X, Zhang C, Zhang Y, Xiang Y, Tong A. Long-Term Dynamic Imaging of Cellular Processes Using an AIE Lipid Order Probe in the Dual-Color Mode. Anal Chem 2021; 93:10272-10281. [PMID: 34219453 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Lipid order in the cytoplasm membrane of eukaryotic cells undergoes dynamic changes in almost all cellular processes. Dynamically monitoring these changes is of essential biological significance and remains challenging. This work provides the first aggregation-induced emission probe, TPNPDA-C15, with highly three-dimensional specificity to cell membranes for fluorescent imaging of lipid order of live cells. TPNPDA-C15 displays red fluorescence enhancement with the viscosity increase while emits yellow fluorescence when aggregates form. Imaging analyses of giant unilamellar vesicles and live cells under osmotic shock by the probe demonstrate its sensitive response to the degree of phospholipids packing on artificial and cell membranes. Taking advantage of its superior low photocytotoxicity and high photostability, TPNPDA-C15 is further applied for long-term dynamic imaging of entire live cell physiological processes including apoptosis, ferroptosis, and mitosis in the dual-color mode. With the analysis of fluorescence signal changes in the two fluorescence channels, TPNPDA-C15 serves as a robust fluorescent probe for the imaging study of cellular dynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yiwen Ding
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaokun Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chu Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Zhang
- Imaging Core Facility, Technology Center for Protein Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Yu Xiang
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Aijun Tong
- Department of Chemistry, Beijing Key Laboratory for Microanalytical Methods and Instrumentation, Key Laboratory of Bioorganic Phosphorus Chemistry and Chemical Biology (Ministry of Education), Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
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Abstract
Systematically dissecting the molecular basis of the cell surface as well as its related biological activities is considered as one of the most cutting-edge fields in fundamental sciences. The advent of various advanced cell imaging techniques allows us to gain a glimpse of how the cell surface is structured and coordinated with other cellular components to respond to intracellular signals and environmental stimuli. Nowadays, cell surface-related studies have entered a new era featured by a redirected aim of not just understanding but artificially manipulating/remodeling the cell surface properties. To meet this goal, biologists and chemists are intensely engaged in developing more maneuverable cell surface labeling strategies by exploiting the cell's intrinsic biosynthetic machinery or direct chemical/physical binding methods for imaging, sensing, and biomedical applications. In this review, we summarize the recent advances that focus on the visualization of various cell surface structures/dynamics and accurate monitoring of the microenvironment of the cell surface. Future challenges and opportunities in these fields are discussed, and the importance of cell surface-based studies is highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Ran Jia
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, 2 Sipailou Road, Nanjing 210096, P. R. China.
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