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Feng B, Wang Z, Zhao X, Niu H, Wang Y, Wang K, Jiang K, Zhang H. Self-Internal Standard Fluorescence for Ultrasensitive Detecting of mtDNA to Evaluate Matrilineal Genetic Defect Levels. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38978161 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01945] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is a unique genetic material characterized by maternal inheritance. It possesses a circular structure devoid of histone protection and exhibits low cellular abundance, which poses great challenges for its sensitive and selective detection at the living cell level. Herein, we have designed three bis-naphthylimide probes with varying linker lengths (NANn-OH, n = 0, 2, 6), facilitating the formation of distinct twisted or folded molecular conformations in the free state. These probes emit the red fluorescence around 627 nm with different fluorescence quantum yields (ΦNAN0-OH = 0.0016, ΦNAN2-OH = 0.0136, and ΦNAN6-OH = 0.0125). When encountering mtDNA (0.4-3.4 μg/mL), these probes undergo conformational changes depending on the length of the attached C-strand and exhibit a gradually increasing fluorescence signal around 453 nm. The fluorescence intensity increased to 13.5-fold, 1.9-fold, and 8.2-fold, respectively. Notably, the red fluorescence intensities around 627 nm remain constant throughout this process, thus serving as an inherent correction mechanism for proportional fluorescence signal enhancement to improve selectivity and sensitivity. NAN0-OH, NAN2-OH, and NAN6-OH showed good linearity for mtDNA in the range of 0.4-3.4 μg/mL with detection limits of LODNAN0-OH = 1.04 μg/mL, LODNAN2-OH = 1.10 μg/mL, and LODNAN6-OH = 1.15 μg/mL. Cellular experiments reveal that NAN6-OH effectively monitors curcumin-induced mtDNA damage in HepG-2 cells while enabling monitoring of genetic mtDNA damage. We anticipate that this tool holds significant potential for the precise evaluation of maternal genetic defects, thereby enhancing hypersensitive assessment in clinical medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Beidou Feng
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- College of the Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Zhe Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Xiaoli Zhao
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Huiyu Niu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Yafu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Kai Jiang
- College of the Environment, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
- Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation, Xinxiang 453007, China
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Kong E, Zhang Y, Geng X, Zhao Y, Yue W, Feng X. Inhibition of Sirt3 activates the cGAS-STING pathway to aggravate hepatocyte damage in hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury mice. Int Immunopharmacol 2024; 128:111474. [PMID: 38185036 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.111474] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/29/2023] [Indexed: 01/09/2024]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) typically manifests during subtotal hepatectomy and inflicts substantial damage to liver function in the perioperative period. Although the central role of cGAS-STING-mediated immune inflammation in hepatocyte damage during hepatic IRI is acknowledged, the precise regulatory mechanisms remain elusive. The current study aims to elucidate how Sirt3 inhibition activates the cGAS-STING pathway and exacerbates hepatocyte damage in hepatic IRI. We established both in vivo and in vitro models by creating hepatic IRI mice model and subjecting AML-12 hepatocyte cell lines to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R). Hepatic IRI compromised liver and mitochondrial function while elevating cytosolic mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) levels in hepatocytes. Additionally, both in vivo hepatic IRI and in vitro OGD/R induced increased phosphorylation and activation of cGAS, STING, and IRF3, accompanied by heightened levels of pro-inflammatory factors, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and type I interferon (IFN-β). Importantly, knockdown of cGAS or STING through siRNA effectively attenuated hepatic IRI-induced inflammation and ameliorated liver function in both experimental settings, underscoring the dynamic involvement of the cGAS-STING pathway in hepatic IRI-induced inflammation. Furthermore, we observed a significant reduction in Sirt3 expression following hepatic IRI, both in vivo and in vitro. Then we generated Sirt3-deficient mice and applied Sirt3 knockdown in AML-12 hepatocytes. Notably, Sirt3 deficiency led to increased phosphorylation and activation of cGAS, STING, and IRF3, coupled with elevated TNF-α, IL-1β, and IFN-β levels in both in vivo and in vitro conditions. Moreover, upon silencing various downstream targets of Sirt3, such as transcription factors Sp1, Pu1, and p65, we observed that specifically knocking down p65 in AML-12 hepatocytes reduced cGAS mRNA levels. Co-immunoprecipitation assays confirmed a direct interaction between Sirt3 and p65. The absence of Sirt3 significantly increased nuclear translocation of p65 in mice, whereas Sirt3 knockdown in AML-12 hepatocytes heightened nuclear translocation of p65. ChIP-PCR assays demonstrated that Sirt3 deficiency notably enhanced the binding of p65 to two cGAS promoters, ultimately promoting cGAS transcription. Collectively, our results underscored that inhibition of Sirt3 activates the cGAS-STING pathway to aggravate hepatocyte damage by increasing cytosolic mtDNA and promoting nuclear translocation of p65 to promote cGAS transcription in hepatic IRI. These findings hold promise for potential therapeutic interventions in hepatic IRI by targeting the Sirt3-cGAS-STING axis, offering new avenues for the development of clinical strategies to mitigate liver damage during the perioperative period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Erliang Kong
- Department of Anesthesiology, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China
| | - Xuqiang Geng
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, Shanghai Changzheng Hospital, Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhao
- Department of Medical Service, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China
| | - Wei Yue
- Department of Medical Service, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China.
| | - Xudong Feng
- Department of Anesthesiology, the 988th Hospital of Joint Logistic Support Force of Chinese People's Liberation Army, Zhengzhou 450042, Henan, China.
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Zhang W, Fan W, Wang X, Li P, Zhang W, Wang H, Tang B. Uncovering Endoplasmic Reticulum Superoxide Regulating Hepatic Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury by Dynamic Reversible Fluorescence Imaging. Anal Chem 2023; 95:8367-8375. [PMID: 37200499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c01068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injury (HIRI) is a relatively common complication of liver resection and transplantation that is intimately connected to oxidative stress. The superoxide anion radical (O2•-), as the first reactive oxygen species produced by organisms, is an important marker of HIRI. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is an essential site for O2•- production, especially ER oxidative stress, which is closely linked to HIRI. Thus, dynamic variations in ER O2•- may accurately indicate the HIRI extent. However, there is still a lack of tools for the dynamic reversible detection of ER O2•-. Therefore, we designed and prepared an ER-targeted fluorescent reversible probe DPC for real-time tracing of O2•- fluctuations. We successfully observed a marked increase in ER O2•- levels in HIRI mice. A potential NADPH oxidase 4-ER O2•--SERCA2b-caspase 4 signaling pathway in HIRI mice was also revealed. Attractively, DPC was successfully used for precise fluorescent navigation and excision of HIRI sites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Fan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Wei Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Wang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Center of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, People's Republic of China
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Wang D, Gong Z, Huang W, Zhao J, Geng J, Liu Z, Zhang R, Han G, Zhang Z. A viscosity-sensitivity probe for cross-platform multimodal imaging from mitochondria to animal. Talanta 2023; 258:124346. [PMID: 36889193 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Revised: 02/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 02/13/2023]
Abstract
Viscosity in biological systems is a critical factor for various physiological process, including signal transduction and metabolisms of substance and energy. Abnormal viscosity has been proven as a key feature of many diseases, thereby real-time monitoring of viscosities in cells and in vivo is of great significance for the diagnosis and therapy of related diseases. Up to date, it is still challenging to monitor viscosity cross-platform from organelles to cells to animals with a single probe. Here, we report a benzothiazolium-xanthene probe with rotatable bonds that switch on the optical signals in high viscosity environment. The enhancements of absorption, fluorescence intensity and lifetime signals allow to dynamically monitoring the viscosity change in mitochondria and cells, while near infrared absorption and emission facilitate imaging the viscosity with both fluorescence and photoacoustic imaging in animals. The cross-platform strategy is capable of monitoring the microenvironment with multifunctional imaging across various levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Zheng Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Wei Huang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Solid-State Physics, Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
| | - Junlong Geng
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Zhengjie Liu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Ruilong Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China
| | - Guangmei Han
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Zhongping Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Information Materials and Intelligent Sensing Laboratory of Anhui Province, Key Laboratory of Structure and Functional Regulation of Hybrid Materials of Ministry of Education, Institutes of Physical Science and Information Technology, Anhui University, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China; Institute of Solid-State Physics, Key Laboratory of Photovoltaic and Energy Conservation Materials, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, 230031, China
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Immune response associated with ischemia and reperfusion injury during organ transplantation. Inflamm Res 2022; 71:1463-1476. [PMID: 36282292 PMCID: PMC9653341 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-022-01651-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/20/2022] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Ischemia and reperfusion injury (IRI) is an ineluctable immune-related pathophysiological process during organ transplantation, which not only causes a shortage of donor organs, but also has long-term and short-term negative consequences on patients. Severe IRI-induced cell death leads to the release of endogenous substances, which bind specifically to receptors on immune cells to initiate an immune response. Although innate and adaptive immunity have been discovered to play essential roles in IRI in the context of organ transplantation, the pathway and precise involvement of the immune response at various stages has not yet to be elucidated. Methods We combined “IRI” and “organ transplantation” with keywords, respectively such as immune cells, danger signal molecules, macrophages, neutrophils, natural killer cells, complement cascade, T cells or B cells in PubMed and the Web of Science to search for relevant literatures. Conclusion Comprehension of the immune mechanisms involved in organ transplantation is promising for the treatment of IRI, this review summarizes the similarities and differences in both innate and adaptive immunity and advancements in the immune response associated with IRI during diverse organ transplantation.
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Inhibition of PLK3 Attenuates Tubular Epithelial Cell Apoptosis after Renal Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury by Blocking the ATM/P53-Mediated DNA Damage Response. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:4201287. [PMID: 35783188 PMCID: PMC9249506 DOI: 10.1155/2022/4201287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2022] [Revised: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 05/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objective Renal ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury is a major cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in transplanted kidneys. This study was aimed at exploring the role of PLK3 (polo-like kinase 3) in renal I/R injury, focusing on its relationship with oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and renal tubular epithelial cell (TEC) apoptosis. Methods TRAP-seq data from the development dataset GSE52004 and the validation dataset GSE121191 were analyzed using GEO2R. PLK3 overexpression plasmids and targeted silencing siRNAs were used in a model of hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) injury, and rAAV-9-PLK3-KD were administered to C57BL/6J mice exposed to I/R injury. The ATM-specific inhibitor KU-60019 was used to block the DNA damage response (DDR). Western blotting was performed to measure DDR- and apoptosis-associated protein expression. Cell viability was measured by CCK-8 reagent, and apoptosis was examined by flow cytometry and TUNEL assay. Furthermore, the fluorescent probes H2DCFH-DA and DHE were used to measure ROS production in vitro. The MDA level and SOD activity were measured to assess oxidative stress in vivo. KIM-1 staining and Scr and BUN were used to evaluate kidney injury. Results The mRNA and protein levels of PLK3 were markedly increased in the H/R injury and I/R injury models. GO terms showed that PLK3 was mainly involved in oxidative stress and DNA damage after renal I/R injury. Overexpression of PLK3 decreased cell viability and increased apoptosis. In contrast, targeted silencing of PLK3 expression decreased the Bax/Bcl-2 ratio by decreasing P53 phosphorylation, thereby reducing TEC apoptosis. Furthermore, KU-60019 reduced PLK3 activation and DDR-induced apoptosis, while overexpression of PLK3 reversed the mitigating effect of KU-60019 on TEC apoptosis. Similarly, rAAV-9-PLK3 KD mice exhibited a lower rate of TEC apoptosis and milder renal damage after I/R injury. Conclusion We demonstrate for the first time that PLK3 is involved in oxidative stress-induced DNA damage and TEC apoptosis in renal I/R injury. Inhibition of PLK3 attenuates TEC apoptosis after I/R injury by blocking the ATM/P53-mediated DDR. Therefore, PLK3 may serve as a potential therapeutic target for ischemic AKI.
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Wang Y, Niu H, Wang K, Wang G, Liu J, James TD, Zhang H. mtDNA-Specific Ultrasensitive Near-Infrared Fluorescent Probe Enables the Differentiation of Healthy and Apoptotic Cells. Anal Chem 2022; 94:7510-7519. [PMID: 35588727 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c05582] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) as a class of important genetic material is easily damaged, which can result in a series of metabolic diseases, hereditary disease, and so on. mtDNA is an ultrasensitive indicator for the health of living cells due to the extremely short physiological response time of mtDNA toward damage (ca. 5.0 min). Therefore, the development of specific ultrasensitive fluorescent probes that can in real-time monitor mtDNA in vivo are of great value. With this research, we developed a near-infrared twisted intramolecular charge transfer (TICT) fluorescent probe YON. YON is a thread-like molecule with an A-π-D-π-A structure, based on the dicyanoisophorone fluorophore. The molecular design of YON enabled the specific binding with dsDNA (binding constant (K) = 8.5 × 105 M-1) within 1.3 min. And the appropriate water-oil amphiphilicity makes YON significantly accumulate in the mitochondria, enabling the specific binding to mtDNA. The fluorescence intensity at 640 nm of YON enhanced linearly with increasing concentrations of mtDNA. Dicyanoisophorone as the strong electron-withdrawing group that was introduced into both ends of the molecule resulted in YON being a classic quadrupole, so it could ultrasensitively detect trace mtDNA. The minimum detection limit was 71 ng/mL. Moreover, the large Stokes shift (λex = 435 nm, λem = 640 nm) makes YON suitable for "interference-free" imaging of mtDNA. Therefore, YON was used to monitor trace changes of mtDNA in living cells; more importantly, it could be used to evaluate the health of cells by monitoring microchanges of mtDNA, enabling the ultrasensitive evaluation of apoptosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yafu Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Huiyu Niu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Kui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Ge Wang
- Xinxiang Medical University, Xinxiang 453000, P. R. China
| | - Junwei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
| | - Tony D James
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, U.K
| | - Hua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Media and Reactions, Ministry of Education; Collaborative Innovation Centre of Henan Province for Green Manufacturing of Fine Chemicals; Henan Key Laboratory of Organic Functional Molecule and Drug Innovation; School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang, Henan 453007, P. R. China
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