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Yoshinaga K, Imasaka T, Imasaka T. Femtosecond Laser Ionization Mass Spectrometry for Online Analysis of Human Exhaled Breath. Anal Chem 2024; 96:11542-11548. [PMID: 38972070 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c02214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/09/2024]
Abstract
A variety of organic compounds in human exhaled breath were measured online by mass spectrometry using the fifth (206 nm) and fourth (257 nm) harmonic emissions of a femtosecond ytterbium (Yb) laser as the ionization source. Molecular ions were enhanced significantly by means of resonance-enhanced, two-color, two-photon ionization, which was useful for discrimination of analytes against the background. The limit of detection was 0.15 ppm for acetone in air. The concentration of acetone in exhaled breath was determined for three subjects to average 0.31 ppm, which lies within the range of normal healthy subjects and is appreciably lower than the range for patients with diabetes mellitus. Many other constituents, which could be assigned to acetaldehyde, ethanol, isoprene, phenol, octane, ethyl butanoate, indole, octanol, etc., were observed in the exhaled air. Therefore, the present approach shows potential for use in the online analysis of diabetes mellitus and also for the diagnosis of various diseases, such as COVID-19 and cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yoshinaga
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540:744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
| | - Totaro Imasaka
- Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
- Hikari Giken, Co., 2-10-30, Sakurazaka, Chuou-ku Fukuoka 810-0024, Japan
| | - Tomoko Imasaka
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540:744 Motooka, Nishi-ku Fukuoka 819-0395, Japan
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Zhang H, Chang Q, Chen H, Xie Y, Bai Y, Wang X, Li L, Pang G. A computational and experimental study of cis-trans isomeric pesticides based on collision-induced dissociation of high-resolution mass spectrometry. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2024; 38:e9736. [PMID: 38533576 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2023] [Revised: 01/21/2024] [Accepted: 02/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/28/2024]
Abstract
RATIONALE Pesticide isomers are widely available in agricultural production and may vary widely in biological activity, potency, and toxicity. Chromatographic and mass spectrometric analysis of pesticide isomers is challenging due to structural similarities. METHODS Based on liquid chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry, identification of cis-trans isomeric pesticides was achieved through retention time, characteristic fragment ions, and relative abundance ratio. Furthermore, theoretical and basic research has been conducted on the differences in characteristic fragment ions and their relative abundance ratios of cis-trans isomers. On the one hand, the cleavage pathways of six cis-trans isomers were elucidated through collision-induced dissociation to explain different fragment ions of the isomers. On the other hand, for those with the same fragment ions but different abundance ratios, energy-resolved mass spectrometry combined with computational chemical density functional theory in terms of kinetics, thermodynamics, and bond lengths was employed to explain the reasons for the differences in characteristic fragment ions and their abundance ratios. RESULTS A high-resolution mass spectrometry method was developed for the separation and analysis of cis-trans isomers of pesticides in traditional Chinese medicine Radix Codonopsis, and six pesticide isomers were distinguished by retention time, product ions, and relative abundance ratios. The limits of quantification of the six pesticides were up to 10 μg/kg, and the linear ranges of them were 10-200 μg/kg, with coefficients of determination (R2) > 0.99, which demonstrated the good linearity of the six pesticides. The recoveries of the pesticides at spiked concentrations of 10, 20, and 100 μg/kg reached 70-120% with relative standard deviations ≤20%. CONCLUSIONS It was demonstrated that the application of the method was well suited for accurate qualitative and quantitative analysis for isomers with different structures, which could avoid false-negative results caused by ignoring other isomers effectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyan Zhang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Monitoring for State Market Regulation/Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Qiaoying Chang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Hui Chen
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Yujie Xie
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Yuting Bai
- China Food Flavor and Nutrition Health Innovation Center, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing, China
| | - Xingzhi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide and Veterinary Drug Monitoring for State Market Regulation/Lanzhou Institute for Food and Drug Control, Lanzhou, Gansu, China
| | - Ling Li
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
| | - Guofang Pang
- Chinese Academy of Inspection and Quarantine, Beijing, China
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, China
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Yoshinaga K, Wen L, Imasaka T, Imasaka T. Determination of fatty acid methyl esters by two-color two-photon resonance-enhanced femtosecond ionization mass spectrometry. Anal Chim Acta 2024; 1296:342341. [PMID: 38401933 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2024.342341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/04/2024] [Indexed: 02/26/2024]
Abstract
A standard sample mixture containing thirty-seven fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) was measured by femtosecond laser ionization mass spectrometry. FAME molecules with double bonds were efficiently ionized via resonance-enhanced two-photon ionization by absorbing the first photon at 206 nm at the edge of the absorption band of the π→π* transition and subsequently ionized by absorbing the second photon at 257 nm. The intensity of the molecular radical ion was enhanced significantly using this two-color ionization scheme, which minimizes the excess energy in the ionized state, when compared with electron ionization mass spectrometry and vacuum-ultraviolet photoionization mass spectrometry. This approach was then used for the reliable identification of FAMEs contained in an actual sample of biofuel.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katsunori Yoshinaga
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540: 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Lu Wen
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540: 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan
| | - Totaro Imasaka
- Kyushu University, 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan; Hikari Giken, Co., 2-10-30, Sakurazaka, Chuou-ku, Fukuoka, 810-0024, Japan
| | - Tomoko Imasaka
- Faculty of Design, Kyushu University, 4-9-1, Shiobaru, Minami-ku, Fukuoka 815-8540: 744 Motooka, Nishi-ku, Fukuoka, 819-0395, Japan.
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Zagorac T, López Peña HA, Gross JM, Tibbetts KM, Hanley L. Experimental and Theoretical Analysis of Tricyclic Antidepressants by Ultraviolet Picosecond Laser Desorption Post-Ionization Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2023; 95:17541-17549. [PMID: 37983268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2023]
Abstract
Imipramine class tricyclic antidepressants have low ionization efficiencies that make them difficult to detect by using secondary ion mass spectrometry. Ultraviolet picosecond laser desorption postionization (ps-LDPI-MS) is examined here for the detection of four tricyclic antidepressants: imipramine, desipramine, amitriptyline, and clomipramine. About 30 ps laser pulses at either 213 nm (5.8 eV) or 355 nm (3.5 eV) are used for desorption of samples under vacuum, 7.9 eV (157 nm) fluorine laser pulses are used for post-ionization, and the ions so formed are detected by time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Detection of imipramine by 213 nm ps-LDPI-MS shows less fragmentation than either 355 nm ps-LDPI-MS or prior results from 800 nm fs-LDPI-MS. Ionization energies of imipramine, desipramine, amitriptyline, and clomipramine are predicted using density functional theory calculations and used to explain the corresponding ps-LDPI-MS data for these four compounds as resulting from single-photon ionization. The experimental observation of low-mass amine-containing fragments with calculated ionization energies below 7.9 eV is attributed mostly to dissociation during laser desorption, followed by single-photon ionization of the neutral fragments rather than the more traditional mechanism of unimolecular dissociation following single-photon ionization of the parent molecule.
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Affiliation(s)
- Teodora Zagorac
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Hugo Andrés López Peña
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Jason M Gross
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
| | - Katharine Moore Tibbetts
- Department of Chemistry, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, United States
| | - Luke Hanley
- Department of Chemistry, University of Illinois Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60607, United States
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Stamm J, DeJesus L, Jones AD, Dantus M. Quantitative Identification of Nonpolar Perfluoroalkyl Substances by Mass Spectrometry. J Phys Chem A 2022; 126:8851-8858. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpca.2c05373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jacob Stamm
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
| | - Lindsey DeJesus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
| | - A. Daniel Jones
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
- Center for PFAS Research, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
| | - Marcos Dantus
- Department of Chemistry, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan48824, United States
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Yoshinaga K, Hao NV, Imasaka T, Imasaka T. Miniature time-of-flight mass analyzer for use in combination with a compact highly-repetitive femtosecond laser ionization source. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1203:339673. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339673] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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