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A simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor for the detection of peptidase activity. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023; 415:2209-2215. [PMID: 36856821 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04628-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023]
Abstract
In this work, a simple and sensitive electrochemical sensor was proposed for the detection of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) activity. Firstly, the BACE1 specific peptide was modified onto the Au electrode to graft a single-strand DNA with polycytosine DNA sequence (dC12) via amide bonding between peptide and dC12. Because the dC12 is abundant in phosphate groups, thus it can react with molybdate to form redox molybdophosphate, which can generate electrochemical current. Using BACE1 as a model peptidase, the proposed sensor shows a linear response range from 1 to 15 U/mL and limit of detection down to 0.05 U/mL. The sensor displays good performance for the BACE1 activity detection in human serum samples, which may have potential applications in the clinical diagnostics of Alzheimer's disease.
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Li F, Stewart C, Yang S, Shi F, Cui W, Zhang S, Wang H, Huang H, Chen M, Han J. Optical Sensor Array for the Early Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease. Front Chem 2022; 10:874864. [PMID: 35444997 PMCID: PMC9013832 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2022.874864] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common neurodegenerative disorder and has complicated pathobiology, leading to irreversible memory loss and severe cognitive dysfunction. For patients with AD, the advent of the disease usually occurs after years of pathological changes. The early diagnosis and monitoring of AD are of great significance as the early-stage intervention and treatment may be the most effective. Biomarkers, such as beta-amyloid and tau levels in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and brain, offer one of the most promising paths and are combined with neuroimaging and immunological detection for AD diagnosis. However, high expense and radiation of neuroimaging and low sensitivity of immunosorbent assay limited their applications. Meanwhile, the relevance of Aβ peptides and tau proteins to the development of AD remains highly debatable, meaning that detecting one specific biomarker holds limited prospects in achieving early and accurate detection of AD. Optical sensor arrays based on pattern recognition enable the discrimination of multiple analytes in complicated environments and are thus highly advantageous for the detection of AD with multi-biomarkers. In this review, we survey the recent advances of optical sensor arrays for the diagnosis of AD, as well as the remaining challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Callum Stewart
- Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hong Kong, China
| | - Shijie Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Fangfang Shi
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wenyu Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shuming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hui Huang
- Wai Lau Centre for Reparative Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Hong Kong, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Huang, ; Mingqi Chen, ; Jinsong Han,
| | - Mingqi Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Huang, ; Mingqi Chen, ; Jinsong Han,
| | - Jinsong Han
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Food Quality and Safety, National R&D Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine Processing, College of Engineering, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Hui Huang, ; Mingqi Chen, ; Jinsong Han,
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