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Chen X, Lu W, Lan D, Zhang B, Gu H, Shen M, Li L, Li P. Membrane-Based Pulsed Sampling Method for Extended Dynamic Range of Ion Mobility Spectrometry. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 24:3106. [PMID: 38793958 PMCID: PMC11125281 DOI: 10.3390/s24103106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2024] [Revised: 05/09/2024] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
Ion mobility spectrometry (IMS) has been widely studied and applied as an effective analytical technology for the on-site detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Despite its superior selectivity compared with most gas sensors, its limited dynamic range is regarded as a major drawback, limiting its further application in quantitative measurements. In this work, we proposed a novel sample introduction method based on pulsed membrane adsorption, which effectively enhanced IMS's ability to measure analytes at higher concentrations. Taking N-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) as an example, this new sampling method expanded the dynamic range from 1 ppm to 200 ppm. The working principle and measurement strategy of this sampling method were also discussed, providing new insights for the design and application of IMS-based instruments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinzhi Chen
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Wencheng Lu
- Suzhou Weimu Intelligent System Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, China (L.L.)
| | - Di Lan
- Suzhou Weimu Intelligent System Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, China (L.L.)
| | - Bo Zhang
- Suzhou Weimu Intelligent System Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, China (L.L.)
| | - Hao Gu
- Suzhou Weimu Intelligent System Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, China (L.L.)
| | - Mutong Shen
- Suzhou Weimu Intelligent System Co., Ltd., Suzhou 215006, China (L.L.)
| | - Lingfeng Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
| | - Peng Li
- School of Electronic and Information Engineering, Soochow University, Suzhou 215006, China
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Li J, Li M, Liu R, Guo Y, Yang D, Hou K. A homogeneous sampling membrane inlet photoelectron ionization miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer for on-line determination of ethane. Talanta 2024; 267:125221. [PMID: 37742395 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 09/10/2023] [Accepted: 09/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023]
Abstract
Ethane is the second largest component among natural gas, and the detection of ethane is an effective method for rapid identification of the leakage of the natural gas pipelines. In this work, a homogeneous sampling membrane inlet was developed and coupled with the homemade photoelectron ionization miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometer (PEI-mini-TOFMS) for in situ, on-line and highly sensitive ethane detection. The membrane area of the homogeneous sampling membrane inlet was increased from 490 mm2 to 1256 mm2, gaseous sample is injected from the top port and flowed through the membrane surface and out of the bottom two ports, with the three ports arranged in a triangular shape. The highest average flow velocity of the gas on the surface of the membrane reached 0.4 m s-1, and the optimal gas pressure in the PEI source was enhanced from 2.2 Pa to 4.0 Pa with this new design. The new design improved the comprehensive sensitivity of ethane by a factor of 3.0 compared with that of the traditional two-hole membrane inlet with the membrane area of 490 mm2. The semiconductor cold trap controlled the sample relative humidity (RH) at 10-12%, enabling direct sampling for highly sensitive analysis with RH as high as 70% and temperature from 7 °C to 40 °C. The quantitative range was 1-50 ppmv with a limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) lowered to 420 ppbv within 1 min, and zero humidity quantitative calibration with cold trap further reduced the relative standard deviation (RSD) of the signal intensities to 2.84%. The performance of the novel method developed in this work demonstrated a potential application on the above-ground natural gas pipelines leakage monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Mei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yingzhe Guo
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Dong Yang
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Keyong Hou
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Zhai Y, Fu X, Xu W. Miniature mass spectrometers and their potential for clinical point-of-care analysis. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2023. [PMID: 37610153 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 08/24/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry (MS) has become a powerful technique for clinical applications with high sensitivity and specificity. Different from conventional MS diagnosis in laboratory, point-of-care (POC) analyses in clinics require mass spectrometers and analytical procedures to be friendly for novice users and applicable for on-site clinical diagnosis. The recent decades have seen the progress in the development of miniature mass spectrometers, providing a promising solution for clinical POC applications. In this review, we report recent advances of miniature mass spectrometers and their exploration in clinical applications, mainly including the rapid analysis of illegal drugs, on-site monitoring of therapeutic drugs, and detection of biomarkers. With improved analytical performance, miniature mass spectrometers are also expected to apply to more and more clinical applications. Some promising POC analyses that can be performed by miniature mass spectrometers in the future are discussed. Lastly, we also provide our perspectives on the challenges in technical development of miniature mass spectrometers for clinical POC analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanbing Zhai
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Xinyan Fu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Medical Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China
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Li M, Liu B, Chen T, Liu R, Guo Y, Hou K. On-site leakage locating of underground natural gas pipeline based on Ne tracer by miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Talanta 2023; 254:124170. [PMID: 36508899 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.124170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 11/29/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Natural gas pipeline leakage seriously endangers people's lives and properties, and there is an urgent need for on-site, rapid, and accurate locating the leakage point of the underground natural gas pipeline. Here, we added neon gas to natural gas pipelines as a tracer gas, and used a miniature time-of-flight mass spectrometry (mini-TOFMS) to on-site detect neon gas to quickly locate the leak point of underground natural gas pipelines. The mini-TOFMS used capillary tube sampling to directly analyze the leaked neon gas without sample preparation, and the analysis time of a single sample was only 60 s, which was less than one-seventeenth that of traditional off-line gas chromatography (GC) method. The mini-TOFMS exhibited a linear response range from 69 ppmv to 3.0 × 105 ppmv with the limit of detection (LOD, S/N = 3) of 19.0 ppmv. The correlation of GC and mini-TOFMS for Ne quantitative analysis was as high as 0.98. The performance of the newly designed method with the mini-TOFMS was demonstrated by on-site locating the underground natural gas pipeline leakage point in the experimental station. And leakage point of the natural gas pipeline, especially for those pipelines with different gas pressure buried under the same road, can be found more efficiently and accurately.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Bing Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China; Beijing Gas Group Company Limited, No.22, Xizhimen South Alley, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Taotao Chen
- Beijing Gas Group Company Limited, No.22, Xizhimen South Alley, Beijing, 100035, China
| | - Ruidong Liu
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yingzhe Guo
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Keyong Hou
- Environment Research Institute, Shandong University, 72 Binhai Road, Qingdao, 266237, China.
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Chen W, Zou Y, Mo W, Di D, Wang B, Wu M, Huang Z, Hu B. Onsite Identification and Spatial Distribution of Air Pollutants Using a Drone-Based Solid-Phase Microextraction Array Coupled with Portable Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry via Continuous-Airflow Sampling. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:17100-17107. [PMID: 36395360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c05259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Hazardous air pollutants can be unintentionally and intentionally released in many cases, such as industrial emissions, accidental events, and pesticide application. Under such events, the onsite operation is highly dependent on the molecular composition and spatial distribution of air pollutants in ambient air. However, it is usually difficult for people to reach hazardous and upper sites rapidly. In this work, we designed a new drone-based microextraction sampler array in which a solid-phase microextraction (SPME) fiber was mounted on drones for remote-control sampling at different spaces and was then coupled with a portable gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (PGC-MS) approach for quickly identifying hazardous air pollutants and their spatial distribution in ambient air within minutes. Acceptable analytical performances, including good sensitivity (detection limit at nanogram per liter level), reproducibility (relative standard deviation < 20%, n = 6), analytical speed (single sample within minutes), and excellent linear dynamic response (3 orders of magnitude) were obtained for direct measurement of air samples. The drone-SPME sampling mechanism of air pollutants involving an airflow adsorptive microextraction process was proposed. Overall, this drone-SPME sampling array can access hard-to-reach and dangerous environmental sites and provide air pollution distribution in different spaces, showing versatile potential applications in environmental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weini Chen
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Yingtong Zou
- Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd., Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Wenzheng Mo
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Dandan Di
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
- Guangdong MS Institute of Scientific Instrument Innovation, Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Bin Wang
- Guangdong MS Institute of Scientific Instrument Innovation, Guangzhou510530, China
| | - Manman Wu
- Guangzhou Hexin Instrument Co., Ltd., Guangzhou510530, China
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou510006, China
| | - Zhengxu Huang
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
| | - Bin Hu
- Institute of Mass Spectrometry and Atmospheric Environment, Guangdong Provincial Engineering Research Center for On-line Source Apportionment System of Air Pollution, Jinan University, Guangzhou510632, China
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