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Zhang X, Dai Y, Sun J, Shen J, Lin M, Xia F. Solid-State Nanopore/Nanochannel Sensors with Enhanced Selectivity through Pore-in Modification. Anal Chem 2024; 96:2277-2285. [PMID: 38285919 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2024]
Abstract
Nanopore sensing technology, as an emerging analytical method, has the advantages of simple operation, fast output, and label-free and has been widely used in fields such as protein analysis, gene sequencing, and biomarker detection. Inspired by biological ion channels, scientists have prepared various artificial solid-state nanopores/nanochannels. Biological ion channels have extremely high ion transport selectivity, while solid-state nanopores/nanochannels have poor selectivity. The selectivity of solid-state nanopores and nanochannels can be enhanced by modifying channel charge, varying pore size, incorporating specific chemical functionality, and adjusting operating (or solution) conditions. This Perspective highlights pore-in modification strategies for enhancing the selectivity of solid-state nanopore/nanochannel sensors by summarizing the articles published in the last 10 years. The future development prospects and challenges of pore-in modification in solid-state nanopore and nanochannel sensors are discussed. This Perspective helps readers better understand nanopore sensing technology, especially the importance of detection selectivity. We believe that solid-state nanopore/nanochannel sensors will soon enter our homes after various challenges.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojin Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Yu Dai
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Jielin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Systems Biomedicine (Ministry of Education), Shanghai Center for Systems Biomedicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Jianlei Shen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Frontiers Science Center for Transformative Molecules and National Center for Translational Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Meihua Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China
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Zhang J, Li C, Wang H, Yang Z, Hu C, Wu K, Hao J, Liu Z. Machine Learning-Assisted Automatically Electrochemical Addressable Cytosensing Arrays for Anticancer Drug Screening. Anal Chem 2023; 95:18907-18916. [PMID: 38088810 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c05178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2023]
Abstract
The high-throughput and accurate screening of anticancer drugs is crucial to the preclinical assessment of candidate drugs and remains challenging. Herein, an automatically electrochemical addressable cytosensor (AEAC) for the efficient screening of anticancer drugs is reported. This sensor consists of sectionalized laser-induced graphene arrays decorated by the rhombohedral TiO2 and spherical Pt nanoparticles (LIG-TiO2-Pt) with high electrocatalytic activity for H2O2 and a homemade Ag/Pt electrode couple fixed onto the robot arm. The immobilization of laminin on the surface of LIG-TiO2-Pt can promote its biocompatibility for the growth and proliferation of various tumor cells, which empowers the in situ monitoring of H2O2 directly released from these live cells for drug screening. A machine learning (ML) algorithm is employed to eliminate the possible random or systematic errors of AEAC, realizing rapid, high-throughput, and accurate prediction of different types of anticancer drugs. This ML-assisted AEAC provides a powerful approach to accelerate the evolution of sensing-served tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingwei Zhang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Caoling Li
- Equine Science Research and Doping Control Center, Wuhan Business University, Wuhan 430056, China
| | - Han Wang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhao Yang
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Chengguo Hu
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Kangbing Wu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Junxing Hao
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
| | - Zhihong Liu
- College of Health Science and Engineering, Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and Application of Organic Functional Molecules, Hubei University, Wuhan 430062, China
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Lou XY, Zhang S, Wang Y, Yang YW. Smart organic materials based on macrocycle hosts. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6644-6663. [PMID: 37661759 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00506b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
Innovative design of smart organic materials is of great importance for the advancement of modern technology. Macrocycle hosts, possessing cyclic skeletons, intrinsic cavities, and specific guest binding properties, have demonstrated pronounced potential for the elaborate fabrication of a variety of functional organic materials with smart stimuli-responsive characteristics. In this tutorial review, we outline the current development of smart organic materials based on macrocycle hosts as key building blocks, focusing on the design principles and functional mechanisms of the tailored systems. Three main types of macrocycle-based smart organic materials are exemplified as follows according to the distinct forms of construction patterns: (1) supramolecular polymeric materials and nanoassemblies; (2) adaptive molecular crystals; (3) smart porous organic materials. The responsive performances of macrocycle-containing smart materials in versatile aspects, including mechanically adaptive polymers, soft optoelectronic devices, data encryption, drug delivery systems, artificial transmembrane channels, crystalline-state gas adsorption/separation, and fluorescence sensing, are illustrated by discussing the representative studies as paradigms, where the roles of macrocycles in these systems are highlighted. We also provide in the conclusion part the perspectives and remaining challenges in this burgeoning field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin-Yue Lou
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Siyuan Zhang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Yan Wang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
| | - Ying-Wei Yang
- International Joint Research Laboratory of Nano-Micro Architecture Chemistry, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, 2699 Qianjin Street, Changchun 130012, P. R. China.
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Huang Y, Liu L, Luo C, Liu W, Lou X, Jiang L, Xia F. Solid-state nanochannels for bio-marker analysis. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:6270-6293. [PMID: 37581902 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00865c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
Bio-markers, such as ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, peptides, proteins and cells, participate in the construction of living organisms and play important roles in biological processes. It is of great significance to accurately detect these bio-markers for studying their basic functions, the development of molecular diagnosis and to better understand life processes. Solid-state nanochannel-based sensing systems have been demonstrated for the detection of bio-markers, due to their rapid, label-free and high-throughput screening, with high sensitivity and specificity. Generally, studies on solid-state nanochannels have focused on probes on the inner-wall (PIW), ignoring probes on the outer-surface (POS). As a result, the direct detection of cells is difficult to realize by these inner-wall focused nanochannels. Moreover, the sensitivity for detecting ions, small molecules, nucleic acids, peptides and proteins requires further improvement. Recent research has focused on artificial solid-state nanochannels with POS, which have demonstrated the ability to independently regulate ion transport. This design not only contributes to the in situ detection of large analytes, such as cells, but also provides promising opportunities for ultra-high sensitivity detection with a clear mechanism. In this tutorial review, we present an overview of the detection principle used for solid-state nanochannels, inner-wall focused nanochannels and outer-surface focused nanochannels. Furthermore, we discuss the remaining challenges faced by current nanochannel technologies and provide insights into their prospects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences, Hangzhou, 311305, China
| | - Lingxiao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Cihui Luo
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Wei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, China
| | - Xiaoding Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
| | - Lei Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Bio-Inspired Smart Interfacial Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education, School of Chemistry and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
| | - Fan Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology, Engineering Research Center of Nano-Geomaterials of Ministry of Education, Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China.
- Zhejiang Institute, China University of Geosciences, Hangzhou, 311305, China
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Lv R, Wang X, Mao Z, Bai Y, Hao J, Zhang F. Engineering Sandwiched Nanochannel Aptasensor for Efficiently Screening Cancer Cells. Chemistry 2023; 29:e202203380. [PMID: 36478319 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202203380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 12/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cancer cells are a class of important tumor biomarkers and are closely related to tumorous progression. It is urgent to develop a sensitive and highly efficient method for the rapid and accurate detection of cancer cells. Herein, an aptamer sandwiched nanochannel electrochemical sensor was established for the highly selective determination of cancer cells. By virtue of the porous nanochannels as the filter platform and immobilized with DNA aptamers for specifically capturing the cancer cells, the nanochannel-based electrochemical sensor denotes excellent performance for MCF-7 screening, and allowing a low limit of detection of 36 cells mL-1 . The nanochannels-based sandwich structure aptasensor not only presents an efficacious and reliable approach for cancer cell detection but also provides great advantage for preventing electrode passivation in the process of biomarkers analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Lv
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Xing Wang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Zhiqiang Mao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Yurong Bai
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Junxing Hao
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
| | - Fan Zhang
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Organic Chemical Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for the Synthesis and, Application of Organic Functional Molecules, College of Health Sciences and Engineering, Hubei University, Wuhan, 430062, P. R. China
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