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Lin P, Jiang S, Liu T, Yuan X, Luo K, Xie C, Zhao X, Zhou L. Activatable fluorescent probes for early diagnosis and evaluation of liver injury. Analyst 2024; 149:638-664. [PMID: 38170876 DOI: 10.1039/d3an01631e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2024]
Abstract
With the increase in people's living standards, the number of patients suffering from liver injury keeps on increasing. Traditional diagnostic methods can no longer meet the needs of early and accurate diagnosis due to their limitations in application. However, fluorescent probes based on different fluorophores and nanomaterials have been gradually lighting up medical research due to their unique properties, such as high specificity and non-invasiveness. In addition, accurate identification of the different types of liver injury biomarkers can significantly improve the level of early diagnosis. Therefore, this review reviews the fluorescent probes used in the detection of biomarkers of liver injury over recent years and briefly summarizes the corresponding biomarkers of different types of liver injury. Impressively, this review also lists the structures and the response mechanisms of the different probes, and concludes with an outlook, suggesting directions in which improvements can be made. Finally, we hope that this review will contribute to the further development of fluorescent probes for the early diagnosis and assessment of liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxu Lin
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Shali Jiang
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Ting Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiaomin Yuan
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Kun Luo
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Can Xie
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
| | - Xiongjie Zhao
- College of Chemistry and Biological Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Engineering, Yongzhou, Hunan 425199, China
| | - Liyi Zhou
- College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410004, China.
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Yang L, Li L, Liu R, Xie C, Zhao J, Chang W, Chen L, Yan Y, Zhang N, Zhang W, Liu B, Yang L. Cationic fluorescent carbon dots with solution ultra-stability and its rapid/on-site sensing application for HClO. Talanta 2024; 267:125137. [PMID: 37666083 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/15/2023] [Accepted: 08/28/2023] [Indexed: 09/06/2023]
Abstract
Carbon dots (CDs) as a remarkable fluorescent nanomaterial have the advantages of easy preparation, good photostability and high sensitivity. However, the poor aqueous solution stability of carbon dots largely limited their practical application due to the characteristic of easily forming precipitation for long time storage. Here, a kind of cationic fluorescent carbon dots CDs-P(Ph)3 was designed by introducing a cationic compound, (4-carboxybutyl) triphenyl phosphonium bromide, to construct an electrostatic shell outside the dots. Such electrostatic shell could highly improve carbon dots stability in an aqueous solution to make CDs-P(Ph)3 stable for long-term storage with negligible aggregation. Meanwhile, the sensitivity of CDs-P(Ph)3 for hypochlorous acid (HClO) was also enhanced on the basis of the electron-withdrawing effect of cationic substituents on the surface of carbon dots. The limit of detection of CDs-P(Ph)3 for HClO was as low as ∼0.32 μM. Additionally, the fluorescence of CDs-P(Ph)3 could be rapid quenched by HClO with a quenching efficiency of more than 80% within 30 s. The excellent stability of CDs-P(Ph)3 in an aqueous solution made it suitable for on-site detecting HClO in real samples, such as tap, well and lake water. Such designed fluorescent nanomaterial would provide a practical application pathway for optical sensing detection in environmental samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Yang
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Lingfei Li
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China
| | - Renyong Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Chenggen Xie
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
| | - Wengui Chang
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Lijuan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Yehan Yan
- Key Laboratory of Biomimetic Sensor and Detecting Technology of Anhui Province, School of Materials and Chemical Engineering, West Anhui University, Lu'an, Anhui, 237012, China
| | - Ningning Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng, 252059, China
| | - Bianhua Liu
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
| | - Liang Yang
- Institute of Solid State Physics, Hefei Institutes of Physical Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, Anhui, 230031, China.
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Xue SS, Li Y, Pan W, Li N, Tang B. Multi-stimuli-responsive molecular fluorescent probes for bioapplications. Chem Commun (Camb) 2023; 59:3040-3049. [PMID: 36786045 DOI: 10.1039/d2cc07008a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Stimuli-responsive fluorescent probes have been widely utilized in detecting the physiological and pathological states of living systems. Numerous stimuli-responsive fluorescent probes have been developed due to their advantages of good sensitivity, high resolution, and high contrast fluorescent signals. In this feature article, the progress of multi-stimuli-responsive probes, including organic molecules and metal complexes, for the detection of various biomarkers for bio-applications is summarized. The feature article focuses on the applications of organic-molecule- and metal-complex-based molecular probes in biological systems for detecting different biomarkers of cancer or other diseases. The current challenges and potential future directions of these probes for applications in biological systems are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shan-Shan Xue
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Yuanyuan Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Wei Pan
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Na Li
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.
| | - Bo Tang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Key Laboratory of Molecular and Nano Probes, Ministry of Education, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Functionalized Probes for Chemical Imaging in Universities of Shandong, Institute of Molecular and Nano Science, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, P. R. China.
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4
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Cai X, Zhang Z, Dong Y, Hao T, Yi L, Yang X. A biotin-guided near-infrared fluorescent probe for imaging hydrogen sulfide and differentiating cancer cells. Org Biomol Chem 2023; 21:332-338. [PMID: 36533549 DOI: 10.1039/d2ob02034c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Imaging cancer specific biomarkers with near-infrared (NIR) fluorescent probes can help inaccurate diagnosis. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) has been reported to be involved in many physiological and pathological processes and is considered as one of the key gasotransmitters during the development of cancer. To achieve specific H2S detection in cancer cells, we reported a biotin-guided NIR fluorescent sensor P1 targeting a cancer cell surface biomarker, based on the H2S-specific thiolysis of the NBD-amine-hemicyanine conjugate. The probe showed a fast turn-on signal at 754 nm upon H2S activation and good selectivity towards H2S over millimolar levels of other biothiols. We successfully employed P1 to image endogenous H2S and demonstrated its tumor-targeting ability in live cells. P1 could differentiate multiple cancer cells with various levels of H2S from normal cells, indicating its potential for cancer imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuekang Cai
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China. .,Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Zhuochen Zhang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Yalun Dong
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Tingting Hao
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
| | - Long Yi
- Beijing University of Chemical Technology (BUCT), Beijing 100029, China.
| | - Xing Yang
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.
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Chang B, Chen J, Bao J, Dong K, Chen S, Cheng Z. Design strategies and applications of smart optical probes in the second near-infrared window. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2023; 192:114637. [PMID: 36476990 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114637] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Over the last decade, a series of synergistic advances in the synthesis chemistries and imaging instruments have largely boosted a significant revolution, in which large-scale biomedical applications are now benefiting from optical bioimaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm). The large tissue penetration and limited autofluorescence associated with long-wavelength imaging improve translational potential of NIR-II imaging over common visible-light (400-650 nm) and NIR-I (750-900 nm) imaging, with ongoing profound effects on the studies of precision medicine. Unfortunately, the majority of NIR-II probes are designed as "always-on" luminescent imaging contrasts, continuously generating unspecific signals regardless of whether they reach pathological locations. Thus, in vivo imaging by traditional NIR-II probes usually suffers from weak detect precision due to high background noise. In this context, the advances of optical imaging now enter into an era of precise control of NIR-II photophysical kinetics. Developing NIR-II optical probes that can efficiently activate their luminescent signal in response to biological targets of interest and substantially suppress the background interferences have become a highly prospective research frontier. In this review, the merits and demerits of optical imaging probes from visible-light, NIR-I to NIR-II windows are carefully discussed along with the lens of stimuli-responsive photophysical kinetics. We then highlight the latest development in engineering methods for designing smart NIR-II optical probes. Finally, to appreciate such advances, challenges and prospect in rapidly growing study of smart NIR-II probes are addressed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baisong Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jie Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Jiasheng Bao
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Kangfeng Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Materials Synthesis and Processing, Wuhan University of Technology, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Si Chen
- Department of Neurology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Xiangya Road 88, Changsha 410008, China.
| | - Zhen Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Molecular Imaging Center, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China; Shandong Laboratory of Yantai Drug Discovery, Bohai Rim Advanced Research Institute for Drug Discovery, Yantai 264000, China.
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