1
|
Gujar RB, Kanekar AS, Bhattacharyya A, Karthikeyan NS, Ravichandran C, Toleti SR, Egberink RJM, Huskens J, Verboom W, Mohapatra PK. Remarkable Improvement in Am 3+ and Cm 3+ Separation Using a Cooperative Counter Selectivity Strategy by a Combination of Branched Diglycolamides and Hydrophilic Polyaza-heterocycles. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:11649-11659. [PMID: 38861395 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c01081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2024]
Abstract
Separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ is one of the most challenging problems in the back-end of the nuclear fuel cycle. In the present work, we exploited the cooperative effect of the opposite selectivity of hydrophobic branched DGA derivatives and hydrophobic N-donor heterocyclic ligands taken in two different phases to achieve improved separation behavior. A systematic study was performed using a series of DGA derivatives to understand the effect and the position of branching in the alkyl chains on the separation behavior of Am3+ and Cm3+. A separation factor (S.F.) value as high as 10 for Cm3+ over Am3+ was obtained in the case of TiBDGA (N,N,N',N'-tetra-iso-butyl diglycolamide) using SO3PhBTPhen ((phenanthroline-2,9-diyl)-1,2,4-triazine-5,5,6,6-tetrayltetrabenzenesulfonic acid) as the aqueous complexant, which is the highest reported value so far for the ligand-based separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ without involving any oxidation or reduction step. The high selectivity favoring Cm3+ ion extraction in the case of this DGA derivative is also explained with the help of computational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rajesh B Gujar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | - Avinash S Kanekar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai 400085, India
| | | | | | | | - Subba Rao Toleti
- School of Arts and Sciences, Sai University, Chennai 603104, India
| | - Richard J M Egberink
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Jurriaan Huskens
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | - Willem Verboom
- Molecular Nanofabrication Group, MESA+ Institute of Nanotechnology, University of Twente, P.O. Box 217, 7500 AE Enschede, The Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cao H, Kang Y, Li B, Liu Y, Bao M, Li H, Zheng Y, Wang L, Weng C, Tang X, Wang L, Xu C. Amine-Terminated Phenanthroline Diimides as Aqueous Masking Agents for Am(III)/Eu(III) Separation: An Alternative Ligand Design Strategy for Water-Soluble Lanthanide/Actinide Chelating Ligands. Inorg Chem 2024; 63:10511-10518. [PMID: 38768636 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.4c00710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
Selective actinide coordination (from lanthanides) is critical for both nuclear waste management and sustainable development of nuclear power. Hydrophilic ligands used as masking agents to withhold actinides in the aqueous phase are currently highly pursued, while synthetic accessibility, water solubility, acid resistance, and extraction capability are the remaining problems. Most reported hydrophilic ligands are only effective at low acidity. We recently proved that the phenanthroline diimide skeleton was an efficient building block for the construction of highly efficient acid-resistant hydrophilic lanthanide/actinide separation agents, while the limited water solubility hindered the loading capability of the ligand. Herein, amine was introduced as the terminal solubilizing group onto the phenanthroline diimide backbone, which after protonation in acid showed high water solubility. The positively charged terminal amines enhanced the ligand water solubility to a large extent, which, on the other side, was believed to be detrimental for the coordination and complexation of the metal cations. We showed that by delicately adjusting the alkyl chain spacing, this intuitive disadvantage could be relieved and superior extraction performances could be achieved. This work holds significance for both hydrophilic lanthanide/actinide separation ligand design and, concurrently, offers insights into the development of water-soluble lanthanide/actinide complexes for biomedical and bioimaging applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Bin Li
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Mingjie Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Haoyu Li
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Yuan Zheng
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Ludi Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chaoqun Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Centre for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Kynman AE, Grimes TS, Mezyk SP, Layne B, Cook AR, Rotermund BM, Horne GP. Generation and study of Am(IV) by temperature-controlled electron pulse radiolysis. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:9262-9266. [PMID: 38776119 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00991f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
First-of-a-kind temperature-controlled electron pulse radiolysis experiments facilitated the radiation-induced formation of Am(IV) in concentrated (6.0 M) HNO3, and enabled the derivation of Arrhenius and Eyring activation parameters for instigating the radical reaction between NO3˙ and Am(III).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amy E Kynman
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
- Glenn T. Seaborg Institute, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| | - Travis S Grimes
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| | - Stephen P Mezyk
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, California State University Long Beach, Long Beach, CA 90840, USA
| | - Bobby Layne
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA
| | - Andrew R Cook
- Department of Chemistry, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York, 11973, USA
| | - Brian M Rotermund
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, Colorado 80401, USA
| | - Gregory P Horne
- Center for Radiation Chemistry Research, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID, 83415, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Jennifer G A, Schreckenbach G, Varathan E. Computational study of core modified dipyriamethyrin for the competitive complexation of Am 3+/Cm 3+ from their trichlorides. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:7899-7911. [PMID: 38635067 DOI: 10.1039/d4dt00395k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
In the process of handling and storage of radioactive actinides it is essential to selectively sequester the minor actinides, such as Am and Cm, through a competitive complexation process. Herein we computationally designed two core modified ligands (L21- and L3) through systematic oxygen substitution at the NH sites of dipyriamethyrin (L1_2H), a hexadentate expanded porphyrin, and studied their competitive complexation towards trivalent actinides (An = Am/Cm) from their trichlorides using density functional theory (DFT). We observed shorter An-N bonds and longer An-O bonds in complexes based on core modified ligands (L21- and L3). The An-Cl bond length increases with increasing axial coordination number (i.e., from L12- to L3) to accommodate the ligands. All the bonds were identified to be electrostatic in nature. L12- exhibits shorter bonds and larger bond orders on complexing with Am than with Cm. On moving from complexes of L21- to L3, the An-N bond lengths are shortened, while An-O bond lengths become larger. Between the complexes of Am and Cm, there is marginal difference in their bond distances with L21- and L3. Charge analysis shows ligand to metal charge transfer during coordination, with back-donation from An to N/O and Cl. The calculated spin-density analysis indicates that An remains in its trivalent oxidation state on complexation, while orbital occupation analysis shows that the 5f and 6d orbitals are involved in bonding; this was confirmed by molecular orbital (MO) analysis that shows the complexes of L21- and L3 to exhibit higher degeneracy in their overlapping MOs. Further, the energy decomposition analysis (EDA) confirms that all ionic bonds are primarily due to electrostatic contributions, where the orbital contributions increase from L12- to L3 complexes and maximum covalency was observed in Cm complexes due to the energy matching between the 5f orbitals of Cm and the 2p orbitals of N and Cl, compared to Am. To confirm the competitiveness in the complexation of the ligand towards Am vs. Cm, the thermodynamic parameters were analysed for the ligand and metal substitution reactions. L12- shows more affinity towards Am than Cm, while L21- and L3 prefer Cm.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Jennifer G
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - Georg Schreckenbach
- Department of Chemistry, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, R3T 2N2, Canada
| | - Elumalai Varathan
- Department of Chemistry, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Shi C, Shen X. Spontaneous Multi-scale Supramolecular Assembly Driven by Noncovalent Interactions Coupled with the Continuous Marangoni Effect. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6980-6989. [PMID: 38513349 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.4c00003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
Reported herein is the multi-scale supramolecular assembly (MSSA) process along with redox reactions driven by supramolecular interactions coupled with the spontaneous Marangoni effect in ionic liquid (IL)-based extraction systems. The black powder, the single sphere with a black exterior, and the single colorless sphere were formed step by step at the interface when an aqueous solution of KMnO4 was mixed with the IL phase 1-(2-hydroxyethyl)-3-methylimidazolium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide (C2OHmimNTf2) bearing octyl(phenyl)-N,N-diisobutylcarbamoylmethylphosphine oxide (CMPO). The mechanism of the whole process was studied systematically. The phenomena were related closely to the change in the valence state of Mn. The MnO4- ion could be reduced quickly to δ-MnO2 and further to Mn2+ slowly by the hydroxyl-functionalized IL C2OHmimNTf2. Based on Mn2+, Mn(CMPO)32+, elementary building blocks (EBBs), and [EBB]n clusters were generated step by step. The [EBB]n clusters with the large enough size that were transferred to the interface, together with the remaining δ-MnO2, assembled into the single sphere with a black exterior, driven by supramolecular interactions coupled with the spontaneous Marangoni effect. When the remaining δ-MnO2 was used up, the mixed single sphere turned completely colorless. It was found that the reaction site of C2OHmim+ with Mn(VII) and Mn(IV) was distributed mainly at the side chain with a hydroxyl group. The MSSA process presents unique spontaneous phase changes. This work paves the way for the practical application of the MSSA-based separation method developed recently. The process also provides a convenient way to observe in situ and characterize directly the continuous Marangoni effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ce Shi
- Fundamental Science on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Laboratory, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| | - Xinghai Shen
- Fundamental Science on Radiochemistry and Radiation Chemistry Laboratory, Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences (BNLMS), Center for Applied Physics and Technology, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kanekar AS, Bhattacharyya A, Mohapatra PK. Ligand structure and diluent nature in defining improved Am 3+ and Cm 3+ separation using diglycolamides: a combined solvent extraction and DFT study. Dalton Trans 2024; 53:5871-5880. [PMID: 38415375 DOI: 10.1039/d3dt03261b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ is one of the most challenging yet unavoidable steps in the back end of the nuclear cycle. Various ligands evaluated for Am/Cm separation have their own merits and demerits, and not a single ligand has been uniquely proposed for this purpose. In the present work, we evaluated N,N,N',N'-tetra-n-octyldiglycolamide (TODGA) vis-à-vis N,N,N',N'-tetra-2-ethylhexyldiglycolamide (T2EHDGA) in combination with a hydrophilic 2,6-bis(1,2,4-triazinyl)pyridine (SO3PhBTP) derivative in the aqueous phase for the separation of Am3+ and Cm3+ from nitric acid medium. The results showed that marginal selectivity for Am3+ over Cm3+ was observed with T2EHDGA in the presence of SO3PhBTP, which was attributed to the difference in the entropy change for their extraction from both the temperature-dependent liquid-liquid extraction and computational studies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- A S Kanekar
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
| | - A Bhattacharyya
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
| | - P K Mohapatra
- Radiochemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai-400085, India.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Dong X, Hao H, Chen J, Wang Z, Xu C. Redox stabilization of Am(v) in a biphasic extraction system boosts americium/lanthanides separation efficiency. Chem Sci 2024; 15:2118-2122. [PMID: 38332823 PMCID: PMC10848673 DOI: 10.1039/d3sc06240f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/25/2023] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
Americium (Am) is a key radioactive element in consideration in nuclear waste treatment. Separation of Am from the fission products, lanthanides, is a prerequisite to minimize the hazardous impact of Am and make utilization of rare Am isotopes, but it represents a great challenge due to the chemical similarity between the two groups of elements. Herein, we realize the separation by first oxidizing Am(iii) to high valent Am(vi) and then converting it to Am(v) in situ in a biphasic extraction system with Bi(v) oxidant incorporated in an organic phase. Am(v) is highly stabilized during the separation process and this leads to record high Ln/Am separation factors (>105) in a single contact over a wide range of acidities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Huaixin Hao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University 100084 Beijing China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Liu Y, Kang Y, Bao M, Cao H, Weng C, Dong X, Hao H, Tang X, Chen J, Wang L, Xu C. Hydroxyl-group functionalized phenanthroline diimides as efficient masking agents for Am(III)/Eu(III) separation under harsh conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 462:132756. [PMID: 37866146 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.132756] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 10/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/09/2023] [Indexed: 10/24/2023]
Abstract
The separation of Lns(III) from radioactive Ans(III) in high-level liquid waste remains a formidable hydrometallurgical challenge. Water-soluble ligands are believed to be new frontiers in the search of efficient Lns/Ans separation ligands to close the nuclear fuel cycles and dealing with current existing nuclear waste. Currently, the development of hydrophilic ligands far lags behind their lipophilic counterparts due to their complicated synthetic procedures, inferior extraction performances, and acid tolerances. In this paper, we have showed a series of hydroxyl-group functionalized phenanthroline diimides were efficient masking agents for Am(III)/Eu(III) separation under high acidity (˃ 1 M HNO3). Record high SFEu(III)/Am(III) of 162 and 264 were observed for Phen-2DIC2OH and Phen-2DIC4OH in 1.25 M HNO3 which represents the best Eu(III)/Am(III) separation performance at this acidity. UV-vis absorption, NMR and TRLFS titrations were conducted to elucidate the predominant of 1:1 ligand/metal species under extraction conditions. X-ray data of both the ligand and Eu(III) complex together with DFT calculations revealed the superior extraction performances and selectivities. The current reported hydrophilic ligands were easy to prepare and readily to scale-up, acid tolerant and highly efficient, together with their CHON-compatible nature make them promising candidates in the development of advanced separation processes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaoyang Liu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Mingjie Bao
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Hong Cao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Chaoqun Weng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 China
| | - Xue Dong
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Huaixin Hao
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Polymer Chemistry and Physics of Ministry of Education, Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871 China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, China.
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tian D, Liu Y, Kang Y, Zhao Y, Li P, Xu C, Wang L. A Simple yet Efficient Hydrophilic Phenanthroline-Based Ligand for Selective Am(III) Separation under High Acidity. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2023; 9:1642-1649. [PMID: 37637748 PMCID: PMC10451031 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Abstract
Highly selective hydrophilic ligands were believed to be an efficient way to overcome the massive amount of hazardous organic solvent used in the liquid-liquid extraction process and stood as a new frontier in the Lns(III)/Ans(III) partition. Current reported hydrophilic ligands suffer from harsh preparation conditions, inferior extraction performances, limited available chemical structures, and inability to carry out extraction under high acidity. In this article, we report a simple yet efficient carboxylic group modified phenanthroline-diimide ligand which displayed unexpected Lns(III)/Ans(III) and Ans(III)/Ans(III) separation capabilities in 1.5 M HNO3. Unique dimeric architectures for Eu(III) complexes were observed, which could be the origin of the outperforming selectivity and acid resistance. We believe this crystal engineering approach could inspire a renaissance in searching for new functional groups and coordination modes for efficient, high-acid-tolerance Lns(III)/Ans(III) separation ligands.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deshun Tian
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic
of China
- Institute
of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory
of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Yaoyang Liu
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua
University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yu Kang
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Yue Zhao
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic
of China
- CAS
Key Laboratory of Green Process and Engineering, State Key Laboratory
of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of
Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, People’s Republic
of China
| | - Pengcheng Li
- Institute
of Materials for Optoelectronics and New Energy, Hubei Key Laboratory
of Plasma Chemistry and Advanced Materials, School of Materials Science
and Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430205, People’s
Republic of China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute
of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua
University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, People’s Republic of China
| | - Li Wang
- Department
of Chemistry, Capital Normal University, Haidian District, Beijing 100048, People’s Republic
of China
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Zhang H, Li A, Li K, Wang Z, Xu X, Wang Y, Sheridan MV, Hu HS, Xu C, Alekseev EV, Zhang Z, Yan P, Cao K, Chai Z, Albrecht-Schönzart TE, Wang S. Ultrafiltration separation of Am(VI)-polyoxometalate from lanthanides. Nature 2023; 616:482-487. [PMID: 37076728 PMCID: PMC10115636 DOI: 10.1038/s41586-023-05840-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 39.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
Partitioning of americium from lanthanides (Ln) present in used nuclear fuel plays a key role in the sustainable development of nuclear energy1-3. This task is extremely challenging because thermodynamically stable Am(III) and Ln(III) ions have nearly identical ionic radii and coordination chemistry. Oxidization of Am(III) to Am(VI) produces AmO22+ ions distinct with Ln(III) ions, which has the potential to facilitate separations in principle. However, the rapid reduction of Am(VI) back to Am(III) by radiolysis products and organic reagents required for the traditional separation protocols including solvent and solid extractions hampers practical redox-based separations. Herein, we report a nanoscale polyoxometalate (POM) cluster with a vacancy site compatible with the selective coordination of hexavalent actinides (238U, 237Np, 242Pu and 243Am) over trivalent lanthanides in nitric acid media. To our knowledge, this cluster is the most stable Am(VI) species in aqueous media observed so far. Ultrafiltration-based separation of nanoscale Am(VI)-POM clusters from hydrated lanthanide ions by commercially available, fine-pored membranes enables the development of a once-through americium/lanthanide separation strategy that is highly efficient and rapid, does not involve any organic components and requires minimal energy input.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hailong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Ao Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Kai Li
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaocheng Xu
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Yaxing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| | - Matthew V Sheridan
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Han-Shi Hu
- Department of Chemistry and Laboratory of Organic Optoelectronics & Molecular Engineering of the Ministry of Education, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
| | | | - Zhenyi Zhang
- Bruker (Beijing) Scientific Technology Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Pu Yan
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Kecheng Cao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of High-resolution Electron Microscopy, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China
| | - Thomas E Albrecht-Schönzart
- Department of Chemistry and Nuclear Science & Engineering Center, Colorado School of Mines, Golden, CO, USA.
| | - Shuao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X) and Collaborative Innovation Center of Radiation Medicine of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions, Soochow University, Suzhou, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Ion sieving in graphene oxide membrane enables efficient actinides/lanthanides separation. Nat Commun 2023; 14:261. [PMID: 36650148 PMCID: PMC9845371 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-35942-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Separation of actinides from lanthanides is of great importance for the safe management of nuclear waste and sustainable development of nuclear energy, but it represents a huge challenge due to the chemical complexity of these f-elements. Herein, we report an efficient separation strategy based on ion sieving in graphene oxide membrane. In the presence of a strong oxidizing reagent, the actinides (U, Np, Pu, Am) in a nitric acid solution exist in the high valent and linear dioxo form of actinyl ions while the lanthanides (Ce, Nd, Eu, Gd, etc.) remain as trivalent/tetravalent spheric ions. A task-specific graphene oxide membrane with an interlayer nanochannel spacing between the sizes of hydrated actinyl ions and lanthanides ions is tailored and used as an ionic cut-off filter, which blocks the larger and linear actinyl ions but allows the smaller and spheric lanthanides ions to penetrate through, affording lanthanides/actinides separation factors up to ~400. This work realizes the group separation of actinides from lanthanides under highly acidic conditions by a simple ion sieving strategy and highlights the great potential of utilizing graphene oxide membrane for nuclear waste treatment.
Collapse
|
12
|
Dong X, Yan Q, Wang Z, Feng X, Chen J, Xu C. Group Separation of Hexavalent Actinides from Lanthanides through Selective Extraction by Sterically Hindered 2-Ethylhexyl Phosphonic Acid Mono-2-ethylhexyl Ester. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c03337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xue Dong
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Qiang Yan
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Zhipeng Wang
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Xiaogui Feng
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Jing Chen
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| | - Chao Xu
- Institute of Nuclear and New Energy Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, P. R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jiang H, Liu Z, He L, Chai Z, Wang D. The Speciation of Americium Cations in Neat Water Implicated from DFT Studies. Inorg Chem 2022; 61:13858-13867. [PMID: 35984920 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.2c01805] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The recent observed manipulatable redox potential of trivalent americium ion in the aqueous phase by modifying an electrode offers an alternative to accomplish the separation. In order to understand extensively the speciation of Am, which is the prerequisite to understanding the mechanism of the oxidation of Am, we conducted a density functional study to identify the potential species of Am in its tri-, tetra-, and pentavalent states in aqueous phase. Based on the speciation analysis, the calculations implicate a stepwise mechanism for the oxidation of hydrated Am(III), which predominantly exists in its hydrated monatomic cationic form (Am3+(aq)). The two sequential one-electron oxidation processes first produce AmO2+(aq), which may establish an equilibrium with Am4+(aq), and the AmO2+(aq) may then evolve to the dioxo americyl(V) ion. These results suggest the copresence of Am4+(aq) and AmO2+(aq), which builds a bridge for the conversion of americium ion from a monatomic ion to dioxo americyl(V).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Ziyi Liu
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Lei He
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Zhifang Chai
- State Key Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and Protection, and School for Radiological and Interdisciplinary Sciences (RAD-X), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, China.,Multidisciplinary Initiative Center, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Dongqi Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| |
Collapse
|