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Xia Y, Xu Y. Unit-Emitting Carbon Dots. J Phys Chem Lett 2024; 15:6482-6488. [PMID: 38869323 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.4c01316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Understanding the photoluminescence mechanisms of carbon dots (C-dots) is of importance for both fundamental science and their corresponding applications. In this study, we verify the emitting-unit model of C-dots by an upgraded "contrastive analysis" research paradigm. Employing preparative thin-layer chromatography, we recently developed polyamide column chromatography separation techniques, and four kinds of highly correlative C-dots are obtained from a homologous sample made from ortho-aminophenol precursors. Combining comprehensive experimental characterizations, especially the direct evidence from electrospray ionization mass spectrometry, we demonstrate that the photoluminescence of the four C-dots comes from the same polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon units (named as emitting units) indeed, although these C-dots have substantially different chemical compositions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yunsheng Xia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yanli Xu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, Anhui 241000, People's Republic of China
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Pang LF, Fang WL, Zhang B, Xu QJ. Synthesis of non-modified near-infrared carbon dots for hypochlorite detection and cell membrane imaging. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2024; 321:124743. [PMID: 38950478 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.124743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024]
Abstract
Devising carbon dots with long wavelength emission (red light or near infrared), high selectivity and good bio-compatibility is critical in fluorescence detection and imaging, but achieving this goal remains a great challenge. Herein, near-infrared emissive carbon dots (NIR-CDs) with obvious emission characteristic of 653 nm were synthesized through hydrothermally treatment of toluidine bule and gallic acid. Noticeably, the NIR-CDs exhibited excellent selectivity and sensitivity to hypochlorite (ClO-), and the limit of detection is as low as 42.7 nM. The selective recognition reaction between ClO- and the surface functional groups of NIR-CDs inhibits the fluorescence from NIR-CDs. The quenching mechanism was confirmed by fluorescence lifetime decays, FT-IR spectroscopy and UV-vis absorption spectra. More remarkably, the NIR-CDs have rich hydrophilic groups showed lower cytotoxicity, excellent bio-compatibility and specific cell membrane localization ability. The established spectrofluorometric method based on NIR-CDs has been used to determination of ClO- level in tap water sample, the recoveries were 97.7 %-103.3 %. In addition, the NIR-CDs also has been successfully applied for the imaging of cell membrane. The study provides a novel idea for developing NIR ClO- probe as well as cell membrane localization probe based on CDs, which present bright prospects in real water samples monitoring and cell membrane imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan-Fang Pang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China.
| | - Wen-Le Fang
- College of Chemistry and Molecular Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China
| | - Bin Zhang
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China
| | - Qi-Jie Xu
- College of Chemistry and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Huanghuai University, Zhumadian 463000, Henan, China.
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Guo G, Xia Y. General Separation of Carbon Dots by Polyamide Chromatography. Anal Chem 2024; 96:5095-5105. [PMID: 38414104 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/29/2024]
Abstract
Carbon dot (C-dot) separation/purification is not only a fundamental chemical issue but also an essential precondition for revealing C-dots' true nature. To date, adequate separation of C-dots has remained an open question due to the lack of an appropriate fine separation system. Herein, we discover and reveal that polyamide chromatography can provide versatile and powerful performances for C-dot separation. By a joint study of experiments and all-atom molecular dynamics simulations, we demonstrate that multiple interaction forces, including electrostatic repulsion/attraction, hydrogen bond, and van der Waals effects, exist simultaneously among the stationary phase, mobile phase, and the separated C-dots. Furthermore, the magnitude of these forces is dependent on the surface chemistry of the separated C-dots and the nature of the used mobile phases, providing a theoretical basis and experimental operability for C-dot separation. So, the proposed system possesses the capacity for adequately separating hydrophilic, amphiphilic, and lipophilic C-dots. The polyamide chromatography, due to its versatile and powerful separation performances, not only provides more thorough separation effects but also helps to correct our false perceptions from inadequate purified C-dots.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ge Guo
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
| | - Yunsheng Xia
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Biomedical Materials and Chemical Measurement, Key Laboratory of Functional Molecular Solids, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu 241000, China
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Wang J, Wu R, Liu Z, Qi L, Xu H, Yang H, Li Y, Liu L, Feng G, Zhang L. Core-Shell Structured Nanozyme with PDA-Mediated Enhanced Antioxidant Efficiency to Treat Early Intervertebral Disc Degeneration. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2024; 16:5103-5119. [PMID: 38233333 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c15938] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2024]
Abstract
Early intervention during intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD) plays a vital role in inhibiting its deterioration and activating the regenerative process. Aiming at the high oxidative stress (OS) in the IDD microenvironment, a core-shell structured nanozyme composed of Co-doped NiO nanoparticle (CNO) as the core encapsulated with a polydopamine (PDA) shell, named PDA@CNO, was constructed, hoping to regulate the pathological environment. The results indicated that the coexistence of abundant Ni3+/Ni2+and Co3+/Co2+redox couples in CNO provided rich catalytic sites; meanwhile, the quinone and catechol groups in the PDA shell could enable the proton-coupled electron transfer, thus endowing the PDA@CNO nanozyme with multiple antioxidative enzyme-like activities to scavenge •O2-, H2O2, and •OH efficiently. Under OS conditions in vitro, PDA@CNO could effectively reduce the intracellular ROS in nucleus pulposus (NP) into friendly H2O and O2, to protect NP cells from stagnant proliferation, abnormal metabolism (senescence, mitochondria dysfunction, and impaired redox homeostasis), and inflammation, thereby reconstructing the extracellular matrix (ECM) homeostasis. The in vivo local injection experiments further proved the desirable therapeutic effects of the PDA@CNO nanozyme in a rat IDD model, suggesting great potential in prohibiting IDD from deterioration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ruibang Wu
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Zheng Liu
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Lin Qi
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Huilun Xu
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Hao Yang
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yubao Li
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Limin Liu
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Ganjun Feng
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Li Zhang
- Analytical Testing Center, Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Orthopedic Research Institute, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
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Liu J, Chen J, Zhang Y, Liu L, Guo Y, Yuan R, Chai Y. Selenium and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots with highly efficient electrochemiluminescence for ultrasensitive detection of microRNA. Biosens Bioelectron 2023; 240:115607. [PMID: 37660459 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2023.115607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2023] [Revised: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
In this work, selenium and nitrogen co-doped carbon dots (SeN-CDs) possessing highly efficient electrochemiluminescence (ECL) and excellent biocompatibility were synthesized as a new emitter with S2O82- as a coreactant for constructing a biosensor to detect microRNA-221 (miRNA-221) sensitively. Notably, the SeN-CDs exhibited superior ECL performance compared with the N-doped CDs, in which selenium with excellent redox activity served as a coreaction accelerator for facilitating the electroreduction of S2O82- to significantly improve ECL efficiency. Furthermore, target-induced T7 exonuclease (T7 Exo)-assisted double cycle amplification strategy could convert traces of target miRNA-221 into large amounts of output DNA to capture three-dimensional (3D) nanostructures (DTN-Au NPs-DOX-Fc) loaded with large amounts of ECL signal quencher. The constructed biosensor could realize ultrasensitive detection of miRNA-221 and has a low detection limit reaching 2.3 aM, with a successful application to detect miRNA-221 in lysate of Hela and MHCC97-L cancer cell. This work explored a novel method to strengthen the ECL performance of CDs to construct an ECL biosensing platform with sensitive detecting of biomarkers and disease diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Jie Chen
- Department of Endocrinology, 9 th People's Hospital of Chongqing, Chongqing, 400700, PR China
| | - Yue Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Linlei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - YuZhuo Guo
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China
| | - Ruo Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
| | - Yaqin Chai
- Key Laboratory of Luminescence Analysis and Molecular Sensing (Southwest University), Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing, 400715, PR China.
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Guo J, Fan L, Zan Q, Wang J, Yang Z, Lu W, Yang Y, Yang X, Dong C, Shuang S. Rational Design of Orange-Red Emissive Carbon Dots for Tracing Lysosomal Viscosity Dynamics in Living Cells and Zebrafish. Anal Chem 2023; 95:12139-12151. [PMID: 37539956 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c02381] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomal viscosity is an essential microenvironment parameter in lysosomes, which is closely associated to the occurrence and development of various diseases, including cancer. Thus, accurately quantifying lysosomal viscosity changes is highly desirable for a better understanding of the dynamics and biological functions of lysosomes. In this study, lysosome self-targetable orange-red emissive carbon dots (OR-CDs) were rationally designed and developed for monitoring lysosomal viscosity fluctuations. The enhanced fluorescence of OR-CDs could be obviously observed as the viscosity increased from 1.07 to 950 cP. Moreover, the as-prepared OR-CDs could quickly enter cells for lysosome-targeting imaging and visualize viscosity variations in living cells and zebrafish. More importantly, by utilizing OR-CDs, we successfully achieved tracing the variations in lysosomal viscosity during the autophagy process. Additionally, as cancer cells possess high viscosity than normal cells, the OR-CDs have been effectively utilized for cancer imaging from cell, tissue, and organ to in vivo levels. It is expected that the developed OR-CDs not only provide a meaningful tool for visualizing investigations of lysosome viscosity-related diseases but also shed light on the development based on the nanomaterial for the clinical diagnosis of cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianhua Guo
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Li Fan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Qi Zan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Jianhua Wang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Zhenhua Yang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Wenjing Lu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Yongming Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P. R. China
| | - Xihua Yang
- Laboratory Animal Center, Shanxi Province Cancer Hospital/Shanxi Hospital Affiliated to Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences/Cancer Hospital Affiliated to Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030013, P. R. China
| | - Chuan Dong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
| | - Shaomin Shuang
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering and Institute of Environmental Science, Shanxi University, Taiyuan 030006, P. R. China
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Shan F, Zhang T, Liao C, Yue X, Zhang J, Yan L, Liu Y, Cao Z, Wang M, Zhang Y, Wang L, Wang Z, Yu X. Red/NIR emission carbonized polymer dots based on citric acid-benzoylurea and their application in lymph nodes imaging. CHINESE CHEM LETT 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cclet.2023.108402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
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