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Luan T, Zhang Y, Song Z, Zhou Y, Ma CB, Lu L, Du Y. Accelerated and precise identification of antioxidants and pesticides using a smartphone-based colorimetric sensor array. Talanta 2024; 277:126275. [PMID: 38810380 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 05/12/2024] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
The integration of smartphones with conventional analytical approaches plays a crucial role in enhancing on-site detection platforms for point-of-care testing. Here, we developed a simple, rapid, and efficient three-channel colorimetric sensor array, leveraging the peroxidase (POD)-like activity of polydopamine-decorated FeNi foam (PDFeNi foam), to identify antioxidants using both microplate readers and smartphones for signal readouts. The exceptional catalytic capacity of PDFeNi foam enabled the quick catalytic oxidation of three typical peroxidase substrates (TMB, OPD and 4-AT) within 3 min. Consequently, we constructed a colorimetric sensor array with cross-reactive responses, which was successfully applied to differentiate five antioxidants (i.e., glycine (GLY), glutathione (GSH), citric acid (CA), ascorbic acid (AA), and tannic acid (TAN)) within the concentration range of 0.1-10 μM, quantitatively analyze individual antioxidants (with AA and CA as model analytes), and assess binary mixtures of AA and GSH. The practical application was further validated by discriminating antioxidants in serum samples with a smartphone for signal readout. In addition, since pesticides could be absorbed on the surface of PDFeNi foam through π-π stacking and hydrogen bonding, the active sites were differentially masked, leading to featured modulation on POD-like activity of PDFeNi foam, thereby forming the basis for pesticides discrimination on the sensor array. The nanozyme-based sensor array provides a simple, rapid, visual and high-throughput strategy for precise identification of various analytes with a versatile platform, highlighting its potential application in point-care-of diagnostic, food safety and environmental surveillance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian Luan
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China; State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Zhimin Song
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Yanru Zhou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China
| | - Chong-Bo Ma
- Key Laboratory of Polyoxometalate and Reticular Material Chemistry of Ministry of Education, National & Local United Engineering Laboratory for Power Batteries, Key Laboratory of Nanobiosensing and Nanobioanalysis at Universities of Jilin Province, Analysis and Testing Center, Department of Chemistry, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China.
| | - Lehui Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
| | - Yan Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, China.
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Duan J, Xia S, Sang X, Chen Y, Wei H, Nie J, Xu G, Yuan Y, Niu W. A colorimetric sensor for rapid discrimination of tea polyphenols and tea authentication based on Rh-decorated Pd nanocubes with high peroxidase-like activity. Talanta 2024; 276:126209. [PMID: 38728802 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.126209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2024] [Revised: 04/24/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
The rapid development of nanozymes has offered substantial opportunities for the fields of biomedicine, chemical sensing, and food safety. Among these applications, multichannel sensors, with the capability of simultaneously detecting multiple target analytes, hold promise for the practical application of nanozymes in chemical sensing with high detection efficiency. In this study, Rh-decorated Pd nanocubes (Pd-Rh nanocubes) with significantly enhanced peroxidase-like activity are synthesized through the mediation of underpotential deposition (UPD) and subsequently employed to develop a multichannel colorimetric sensor for discriminating tea polyphenols (TPs) and tea authentication. Based on a single reactive unit of efficient catalytic oxidation of 3,3',5,5'-tetramethylbenzidine dihydrochloride (TMB), the nanozyme-based multichannel colorimetric sensor responds to each analyte in as short as 1 min. With the aid of principal component analysis (PCA) and hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), various TPs and types of tea can be accurately identified. This work not only provides a new type of simply structured and highly active nanozymes but also develops a concise and rapid multichannel sensor for practical application in tea authentication and quality inspection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Shiyu Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Xueqing Sang
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541006, PR China
| | - Yuxin Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Haili Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Jinfang Nie
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541006, PR China
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China
| | - Yali Yuan
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Electrochemical and Magnetochemical Functional Materials, College of Chemistry and Bioengineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, Guangxi, 541006, PR China
| | - Wenxin Niu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, Jilin, 130022, PR China; School of Applied Chemistry and Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230026, PR China.
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3
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Zhang C, Gao Y, Ma J, Li Y, Fan L, Li X. Visual Sensor Array for Multiple Aromatic Amines via Specific Ascorbic Acid Oxidase Mimic Triggered Schiff-Base Chemistry. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 39096243 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c01841] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2024]
Abstract
Redox nanozymes have exhibited various applications in recognizing environmental pollutants but not aromatic amines (a type of typical pollutant). Herein, with Cu2+ as a node and tryptophan (Trp) as a linker, Cu-Trp as a specific ascorbic acid oxidase mimic was synthesized, which could catalyze ascorbic acid (AA) oxidation to dehydroascorbic acid (DHAA). Alternatively, with other natural amino acids as linkers to synthesize Cu-based nanozymes, such catalytic performances are also observed. The as-produced DHAA could react with o-phenylenediamine (OPD) and its derivatives (2,3-naphthalene diamine (NDA), 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine (4-NO2-OPD), 4-fluoro-o-phenylenediamine (4-F-OPD), 4-chloro-o-phenylenediamine(4-Cl-OPD), and 4-bromo-o-phenylenediamine(4-Br-OPD)) to form a Schiff base and emit fluorescence. Based on the results, with Cu-Trp + AA and Cu-Arg (with arginine (Arg) as a linker) + AA as two sensing channels and extracted red, green, and blue (RGB) values from emitted fluorescence as read-out signals, a visual sensor array was constructed to efficiently distinguish OPD, NDA, 4-NO2-OPD, 4-F-OPD, 4-Cl-OPD, and 4-Br-OPD as low as 10 μM. Such detecting performance was further confirmed through discriminating binary, ternary, quinary, and senary mixtures with various concentration ratios, recognizing 18 unknown samples, and even quantitatively analyzing single aromatic amine. Finally, the discriminating ability was further validated in environmental waters, providing an efficient assay for large-scale scanning levels of multiple aromatic amines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chi Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yuanbo Gao
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Jinyang Ma
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yunchao Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Louzhen Fan
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Xiaohong Li
- Key Laboratory of Theoretical and Computational Photochemistry, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
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Zong X, Xu X, Pang DW, Huang X, Liu AA. Fine-Tuning Electron Transfer for Nanozyme Design. Adv Healthc Mater 2024:e2401836. [PMID: 39015050 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202401836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2024] [Revised: 06/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/18/2024]
Abstract
Nanozymes, with their versatile composition and structural adaptability, present distinct advantages over natural enzymes including heightened stability, customizable catalytic activity, cost-effectiveness, and simplified synthesis process, making them as promising alternatives in various applications. Recent advancements in nanozyme research have shifted focus from serendipitous discovery toward a more systematic approach, leveraging machine learning, theoretical calculations, and mechanistic explorations to engineer nanomaterial structures with tailored catalytic functions. Despite its pivotal role, electron transfer, a fundamental process in catalysis, has often been overlooked in previous reviews. This review comprehensively summarizes recent strategies for modulating electron transfer processes to fine-tune the catalytic activity and specificity of nanozymes, including electron-hole separation and carrier transfer. Furthermore, the bioapplications of these engineered nanozymes, including antimicrobial treatments, cancer therapy, and biosensing are also introduced. Ultimately, this review aims to offer invaluable insights for the design and synthesis of nanozymes with enhanced performance, thereby advancing the field of nanozyme research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zong
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xinran Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Dai-Wen Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - Xinglu Huang
- Key Laboratory of Bioactive Materials for the Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, and Frontiers Science Center for Cell Responses, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
| | - An-An Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Medicinal Chemical Biology, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Biosensing and Molecular Recognition, Research Center for Analytical Sciences, College of Chemistry, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, P. R. China
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Shome A, Ali S, Haydar MS, Sarkar K, Roy S, Adhikary P, Roy MN. Synthesis of Spherical Mn 2O 3 Nanozymes from Different Green Precursors for their Innovative Applications in Catalytic Properties and Bioactivity. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2024; 10:1734-1742. [PMID: 38330433 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.3c00608] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
Here, spherical Mn2O3 nanozymes were synthesized via a one-step green method using different green precursors, and their physicochemical properties and biological activities were monitored with various green precursors. Powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) was performed to determine the crystalline properties and phases involved in the formation of cubic Mn2O3 nanozymes. The synthesized nanozymes were spherical and examined by SEM and FESEM studies. All of the samples synthesized using different green precursors exhibited different sizes but similar spherical shapes. Moreover, all green-synthesized nanozymes catalyzed the oxidation reaction of the chromogenic substrate 3,3'5,5' tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) in the absence of H2O2, and A2 (lemon-mediated Mn2O3 nanozymes), which the followed Michaelis-Menten kinetics, showed the best activity. Therefore, A2 (lemon-mediated nanozyme) showed oxidase-mimicking activity with distinct Km and Vmax values calculated by the Lineweaver-Burk plot. Furthermore, the current nanozymes demonstrated a significant ability to kill both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria as well as effectively destroy biofilms under physiological conditions. Moreover, the green-mediated nanozymes also displayed ROS-scavenging activity. Our nanozymes exhibited scavenging activity toward OH and O2-• radicals and metal chelation activity, which were investigated colorimetrically. Therefore, these nanozymes might be used as effective antibacterial agents and also for the consumption of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankita Shome
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Salim Ali
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Md Salman Haydar
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Kushankur Sarkar
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Swarnendu Roy
- Department of Botany, University of North Bengal, Siliguri 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Prakriti Adhikary
- Department of Physics, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
| | - Mahendra Nath Roy
- Department of Chemistry, University of North Bengal, Darjeeling 734013, West Bengal, India
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Liu Y, Li Y, Wu H, Xu S, Zhang B, Li S, Du R, Jiang M, Chen Z, Lv Y, Wang ZG. Robust Oxidase-Mimetic Supramolecular Nanocatalyst for Lignin Biodegradation. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2520-2528. [PMID: 38359360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c04505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic catalysis presents an eco-friendly, energy-efficient method for lignin degradation. However, challenges arise due to the inherent incompatibility between enzymes and native lignin. In this work, we introduce a supramolecular catalyst composed of fluorenyl-modified amino acids and Cu2+, designed based on the aromatic stacking of the fluorenyl group, which can operate in ionic liquid environments suitable for the dissolution of native lignin. Amino acids and halide anions of ionic liquids shape the copper site's coordination sphere, showcasing remarkable catechol oxidase-mimetic activity. The catalyst exhibits thermophilic property, and maintains oxidative activity up to 75 °C, which allows the catalyzed degradation of the as-dissolved native lignin with high efficiency even without assistance of the electron mediator. In contrast, at this condition, the native copper-dependent oxidase completely lost its activity. This catalyst with superior stability and activity offer promise for sustainable lignin valorization through biocatalytic routes compatible with ionic liquid pretreatment, addressing limitations in native enzymes for industrially relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanxi Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Haifeng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shichao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Baoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Shan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ruikai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Minquan Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Ziman Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongqin Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Zhen-Gang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, National Energy Research and Development Center for Biorefinery, Key Lab of Biomedical Materials of Natural Macromolecules (Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Ministry of Education), International Joint Bioenergy Laboratory of Ministry of Education, Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, Beijing Laboratory of Biomedical Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, College of Life Science and Technology, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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