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Seo J, Jung S, Park J, Kim HY, Kim SJ. Hierarchical Capillarity-Assisted Liquid Invasion in Multilayered Paper Channels for Nanoelectrokinetic Preconcentration. NANO LETTERS 2023; 23:8065-8072. [PMID: 37581872 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c02044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/16/2023]
Abstract
A nanoelectrokinetic phenomenon called ion concentration polarization (ICP) has been recently applied to microfluidic paper-based devices for the high fold preconcentration of low-abundant analytes. The inherent microstructural characteristics of cellulose papers can sufficiently stabilize the chaotic electroconvection of ICP, which is a significant annoyance for typical engineered microfluidic channels. However, a high electrical voltage to induce ICP in a paper-fluidic channel can increase unavoidable electrophoretic forces over drag forces so that the preconcentrated plug is rapidly receded with severe dispersion. In order to enhance the hydraulic drag force that helps the preconcentration of analytes, here we introduce a multilayered paper structure into paper-fluidic channel. We theoretically and experimentally demonstrate that a hierarchical capillary structure in a multilayered paper-fluidic channel can effectively increase the hydraulic drag force. For the practical utility in the field of diagnostics, the mechanism is verified by a simple example of the immunoassay using biotin-streptavidin complexation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joowon Seo
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sohyun Jung
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Jihee Park
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- SOFT Foundry Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- SOFT Foundry Institute, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University, Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Li C, DeVor A, Wang J, Valentine SJ, Li P. Rapid and flexible online desalting using Nafion-coated melamine sponge for mass spectrometry analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9341. [PMID: 35729084 PMCID: PMC9357145 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2022] [Revised: 06/17/2022] [Accepted: 06/17/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE The performance of mass spectrometry (MS) analysis is often affected by the presence of salt ions. To achieve optimal MS detection results, desalting is necessary for samples with high salt concentrations. We report a rapid, low-cost and flexible online desalting method using Nafion-coated sponge. This method is easy to perform and can be implemented to a wide range of customized fluidic systems. METHODS Nafion-coated melamine sponge was fabricated by soaking a glass tube containing a melamine sponge in Nafion solution and then drying overnight. The online desalting workflow is comprised of three major parts: (1) Syringe pump, which provides a continuous flow for the online fluid system; (2) Nafion sponge in a glass tube, where the online desalting of sample solution happens; (3) Capillary Vibrating Sharp-Edge Spray Ionization (cVSSI), which is an ionization technique to ionize the desalted analytes. RESULTS Effective online desalting of a 10 mM NaCl solution was demonstrated for a wide range of molecules including small molecules, peptides, DNAs, and proteins using a flow rate of 10 μL/min. By incorporating multiple pieces of the Nafion-coated sponge, effective desalting for ubiquitin and cytochrome c (Cyt-c) from physiological buffers, including phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and tris-buffered saline (TBS), were also achieved. For molecules that are sensitive to low pH conditions after desalting, a R-SO3 NH4 -type Nafion-coated sponge was fabricated. Desalting of ubiquitin, oligosaccharide, and DNA oligomers from 10 mM NaCl or 10 mM KCl solutions was demonstrated. CONCLUSIONS Flexible, low-cost, and efficient online desalting was achieved by the Nafion-coated sponge. A variety of molecules ranging from small molecules, peptides, proteins to oligosaccharides and DNAs can be desalted for MS analysis. The desalting by Nafion sponge has great potential for desalting applications that require customized fluidic design and rapid analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chong Li
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Amanda DeVor
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Jing Wang
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Stephen J. Valentine
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
| | - Peng Li
- C. Eugene Bennett Department of Chemistry, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV
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Assessing citric acid-derived luminescent probes for pH and ammonia sensing: A comprehensive experimental and theoretical study. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1186:339125. [PMID: 34756267 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.339125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2021] [Revised: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 09/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
The present work reports on the assessment of luminescent probes derived from citric acid (CA) and β-aminothiols (namely, l-cysteine (Cys) and cysteamine) for instrumental and smartphone-based fluorimetric sensing purposes. Remarkably, the evaluated luminescent probes derived from natural compounds showed pH-dependent dual excitation/dual emission features. Both fluorophores hold promise for the ratiometric fluorimetric sensing of pH, being especially convenient for the smartphone-based sensing of pH via ratiometric analysis by proper selection of B and G color channels. Time dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations allowed to substantiate the pH dependent structure-property relationship and to unveil the critical role of the CA derived carboxyl group, these findings contributing to the fundamental knowledge on these systems for the rational design of new fluorophores and in establishing fluorescence sensing mechanisms of CA-derived systems. Besides, paper-based devices modified with CA-Cys were implemented in a three-phase separation approach for sensitive and selective ammonia sensing, yielding a remarkable enrichment factor of 389 and a limit of detection of 37 μM under optimal conditions. The proposed approach was successfully applied to the determination of ammonia nitrogen and extractable ammonium in water samples and marine sediments, respectively.
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Sun L, Zhang L, Yang X, Zhang B, Yin Z. A Simple and Low-Cost Method for Fabrication of Polydimethylsiloxane Microfludic Chips. JOURNAL OF NANOSCIENCE AND NANOTECHNOLOGY 2021; 21:5635-5641. [PMID: 33980373 DOI: 10.1166/jnn.2021.19464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The conventional fabrication methods for enrichment microfluidic devices require cleanroom, which are costly and time-consuming. Developing a facile and low-cost method to fabricate microfluidic chips could stimulate the progress of the applications of those chips. Here, we present an easy method for fabrication of a complete PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) microfluidic chip used for ion and protein enrichment. The method consists of three main fabrication steps: PDMS microchannels ablation by co₂ laser, nation membrane deposition, and oxygen plasma assist bonding under pressure. To fabricate a desired microchannel, the laser ablation parameters, containing laser power and ablation speed, were analyzed. The parameters for oxygen plasma assist bonding were also investigated to improve the bonding quality of the chips (low dimension loss and high bonding strength). The following Rhodamine B enrichment tests demonstrate that the presented method allows fabrication of microfluidic chips with precise dimensions and leakage free.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linlin Sun
- Key Laboratory of Computerized Numerical Control Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Likang Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Computerized Numerical Control Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xue Yang
- Key Laboratory of Computerized Numerical Control Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Biyao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Computerized Numerical Control Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Zhifu Yin
- Key Laboratory of Computerized Numerical Control Equipment Reliability, Ministry of Education, School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Rapid Prototyping of a Nanoparticle Concentrator Using a Hydrogel Molding Method. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13071069. [PMID: 33805297 PMCID: PMC8037731 DOI: 10.3390/polym13071069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2021] [Revised: 03/24/2021] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nanoparticle (NP) concentration is crucial for liquid biopsies and analysis, and various NP concentrators (NPCs) have been developed. Methods using ion concentration polarization (ICP), an electrochemical phenomenon based on NPCs consisting of microchannels, have attracted attention because samples can be non-invasively concentrated using devices with simple structures. The fabrication of such NPCs is limited by the need for lithography, requiring special equipment and time. To overcome this, we reported a rapid prototyping method for NPCs by extending the previously developed hydrogel molding method, a microchannel fabrication method using hydrogel as a mold. With this, we fabricated NPCs with both straight and branched channels, typical NPC configurations. The generation of ICP was verified, and an NP concentration test was performed using dispersions of negatively and positively charged NPs. In the straight-channel NPC, negatively and positively charged NPs were concentrated >50-fold and >25-fold the original concentration, respectively. To our knowledge, this is the first report of NP concentration via ICP in a straight-channel NPC. Using a branched-channel NPC, maximum concentration rates of 2.0-fold and 1.7-fold were obtained with negatively and positively charged NPs, respectively, similar to those obtained with NPCs fabricated through conventional lithography. This rapid prototyping method is expected to promote the development of NPCs for liquid biopsy and analysis.
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Kim J, Park SM, Choi D, Kim DS. Direct Fabrication of Freestanding and Patterned Nanoporous Junctions in a 3D Micro-Nanofluidic Device for Ion-Selective Transport. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2020; 16:e2000998. [PMID: 32346996 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202000998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 03/28/2020] [Accepted: 03/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
In the field of micro-nanofluidics, a freestanding configuration of a nanoporous junction is highly demanded to increase the design flexibility of the microscale device and the interfacial area between the nanoporous junction and microchannels, thereby improving the functionality and performance. This work first reports direct fabrication and incorporation of a freestanding nanoporous junction in a microfluidic device by performing an electrolyte-assisted electrospinning process to fabricate a freestanding nanofiber membrane and subsequently impregnating the nanofiber membrane with a nanoporous precursor material followed by a solidification process. This process also enables to readily control the geometry of the nanoporous junction depending on its application. By these advantages, vertically stacked 3D micro-nanofluidic devices with complex configurations are easily achieved. To demonstrate the broad applicability of this process in various research fields, a reverse electrodialysis-based energy harvester and an ion concentration polarization-based preconcentrator are produced. The freestanding Nafion-polyvinylidene fluoride nanofiber membrane (F-NPNM) energy harvester generates a high power (59.87 nW) owing to the enlarged interfacial area. Besides, 3D multiplexed and multi-stacked F-NPNM preconcentrators accumulate multiple preconcentrated plugs that can increase the operating sample volume and the degree of freedom of handling. Hence, the proposed process is expected to contribute to numerous research fields related to micro-nanofluidics in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junhyun Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Sang Min Park
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Dongwhi Choi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
| | - Dong Sung Kim
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Pohang University of Science and Technology (POSTECH), 77 Cheongam-ro, Pohang, Gyeongbuk, 37673, South Korea
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Cui W, Mu L, Duan X, Pang W, Reed MA. Trapping of sub-100 nm nanoparticles using gigahertz acoustofluidic tweezers for biosensing applications. NANOSCALE 2019; 11:14625-14634. [PMID: 31240289 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr03529j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In this study, we present a nanoscale acoustofluidic trap (AFT) that manipulates nanoparticles in a microfluidic system actuated by a gigahertz acoustic resonator. The AFT generates independent standing closed vortices with high-speed rotation. Via careful design and optimization of geometric confinements, the AFT was able to effectively capture and enrich sub-100 nm nanoparticles with a low power consumption (0.25-5 μW μm-2) and rapid trapping (within 30 s), showing significantly enhanced particle-operating ability as compared to its acoustic and optical counterparts; using specifically functionalized nanoparticles (SFNPs) to selectively capture target molecules from the sample, the AFT led to the molecular concentration enhancement of ∼200 times. We investigated the feasibility of the SFNP-assisted AFT preconcentration method for biosensing applications and successfully demonstrated the capability of this method for the detection of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA). The AFT was prepared via a fully CMOS-compatible process and thus could be conveniently integrated on a single chip, with potential for "lab-on-a-chip" or point-of-care (POC) nanoparticle-based biosensing applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiwei Cui
- State Key Laboratory of Precision Measuring Technology & Instruments, College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China.
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Xurography-based microfluidic algal biosensor and dedicated portable measurement station for online monitoring of urban polluted samples. Biosens Bioelectron 2018; 117:669-677. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2018.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2018] [Revised: 06/28/2018] [Accepted: 07/04/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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9
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A Multiwell-Based Detection Platform with Integrated PDMS Concentrators for Rapid Multiplexed Enzymatic Assays. Sci Rep 2018; 8:10772. [PMID: 30018340 PMCID: PMC6050343 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-29065-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2018] [Accepted: 07/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
We report an integrated system for accelerating assays with concentrators in a standard 12-well plate (ISAAC-12) and demonstrate its versatility for rapid detection of matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 expression in the cell culture supernatant of breast cancer cell line MDA-MB-231 by accelerating the enzymatic reaction and end-point signal intensity via electrokinetic preconcentration. Using direct printing of a conductive ion-permselective polymer on a polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) channel, the new microfluidic concentrator chip can be built without modifying the underlying substrate. Through this decoupling fabrication strategy, our microfluidic concentrator chip can easily be integrated with a standard multiwell plate, the de facto laboratory standard platform for high-throughput assays, simply by reversible bonding on the bottom of each well. It increases the reaction rate of enzymatic assays by concentrating the enzyme and the reaction product inside each well simultaneously for rapid multiplexed detection.
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10
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Test for arsenic speciation in waters based on a paper-based analytical device with scanometric detection. Anal Chim Acta 2018; 1011:1-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2018.01.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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11
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Wang S, Liu Y, Ge P, Kan Q, Yu N, Wang J, Nan J, Ye S, Zhang J, Xu W, Yang B. Colloidal lithography-based fabrication of highly-ordered nanofluidic channels with an ultra-high surface-to-volume ratio. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:979-988. [PMID: 29485661 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01326d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This article shows a new strategy for the fabrication of nanofluidics based on nanoscale gaps in nanopillar arrays. Silicon nanopillar arrays are prepared in a designed position by combining conventional photolithography with colloidal lithography. The nanogaps between the pillars are used as nanochannels for the connection of two polydimethylsiloxane-based microchannels in microfluidics. The gap between neighbouring nanopillars can be accurately controlled by changing the size of initial colloidal spheres and by an etching process, which further determines the dimensions of the nanochannels. At a low ionic strength, the surface charge-governed ion transportation shows that the nanochannels possess the same electrokinetic properties as typical nanofluidics. Benefiting from the advantage of photolithography, large-area nanochannel arrays can be prepared in a parallel manner. Due to the perm-selectivity of the nanochannels, the nanofluidic chips can be used to preconcentrate low concentration samples. The large-area ordered nanostructures preserve their high-throughput property and large surface-to-volume ratio, which shows their great potential in the development of nanofluidics and their applications, such as in the separation of small molecules, energy conversion, etc.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuli Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun, 130012, P. R. China.
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12
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Qiu X, Huang JH, Westerhof TM, Lombardo JA, Henrikson KM, Pennell M, Pourfard PP, Nelson EL, Nath P, Haun JB. Microfluidic channel optimization to improve hydrodynamic dissociation of cell aggregates and tissue. Sci Rep 2018; 8:2774. [PMID: 29426941 PMCID: PMC5807353 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-20931-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2017] [Accepted: 01/24/2018] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Maximizing the speed and efficiency at which single cells can be liberated from tissues would dramatically advance cell-based diagnostics and therapies. Conventional methods involve numerous manual processing steps and long enzymatic digestion times, yet are still inefficient. In previous work, we developed a microfluidic device with a network of branching channels to improve the dissociation of cell aggregates into single cells. However, this device was not tested on tissue specimens, and further development was limited by high cost and low feature resolution. In this work, we utilized a single layer, laser micro-machined polyimide film as a rapid prototyping tool to optimize the design of our microfluidic channels to maximize dissociation efficiency. This resulted in a new design with smaller dimensions and a shark fin geometry, which increased recovery of single cells from cancer cell aggregates. We then tested device performance on mouse kidney tissue, and found that optimal results were obtained using two microfluidic devices in series, the larger original design followed by the new shark fin design as a final polishing step. We envision our microfluidic dissociation devices being used in research and clinical settings to generate single cells from various tissue specimens for diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaolong Qiu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA
| | - Jen-Huang Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Trisha M Westerhof
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Jeremy A Lombardo
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA
| | - Katrina M Henrikson
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA
| | - Marissa Pennell
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA
| | - Pedram P Pourfard
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA
| | - Edward L Nelson
- Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology/Oncology, School of Medicine, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry, Ayala School of Biological Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA
| | - Pulak Nath
- Applied Modern Physics, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, NM, 87545, USA
| | - Jered B Haun
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 9269, USA.
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Henry Samueli School of Engineering, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
- Chao Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.
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Solid supports for extraction and preconcentration of proteins and peptides in microfluidic devices: A review. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 955:1-26. [PMID: 28088276 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2016] [Revised: 12/02/2016] [Accepted: 12/07/2016] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Determination of proteins and peptides is among the main challenges of today's bioanalytical chemistry. The application of microchip technology in this field is an exhaustively developed concept that aims to create integrated and fully automated analytical devices able to quantify or detect one or several proteins from a complex matrix. Selective extraction and preconcentration of targeted proteins and peptides especially from biological fluids is of the highest importance for a successful realization of these microsystems. Incorporation of solid structures or supports is a convenient solution employed to face these demands. This review presents a critical view on the latest achievements in sample processing techniques for protein determination using solid supports in microfluidics. The study covers the period from 2006 to 2015 and focuses mainly on the strategies based on microbeads, monolithic materials and membranes. Less common approaches are also briefly discussed. The reviewed literature suggests future trends which are discussed in the concluding remarks.
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Breadmore MC, Wuethrich A, Li F, Phung SC, Kalsoom U, Cabot JM, Tehranirokh M, Shallan AI, Abdul Keyon AS, See HH, Dawod M, Quirino JP. Recent advances in enhancing the sensitivity of electrophoresis and electrochromatography in capillaries and microchips (2014–2016). Electrophoresis 2016; 38:33-59. [DOI: 10.1002/elps.201600331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Revised: 08/09/2016] [Accepted: 08/10/2016] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Michael C. Breadmore
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Alain Wuethrich
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Feng Li
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Sui Ching Phung
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Umme Kalsoom
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Joan M. Cabot
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
- ARC Centre of Excellence for Electromaterials Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Masoomeh Tehranirokh
- ASTech, ARC Training Centre for Portable Analytical Separation Technologies, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
| | - Aliaa I. Shallan
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy Helwan University Cairo Egypt
| | - Aemi S. Abdul Keyon
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Hong Heng See
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
- Centre for Sustainable Nanomaterials, Ibnu Sina Institute for Scientific and industrial Research Universiti Teknologi Malaysia Johor Bahru Johor Malaysia
| | - Mohamed Dawod
- Department of Chemistry University of Michigan Ann Arbor MI USA
| | - Joselito P. Quirino
- Australian Centre of Research on Separation Science, School of Physical Science University of Tasmania Hobart Tasmania Australia
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15
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Lin X, Zhang B, Yang Q, Yan F, Hua X, Su B. Polydimethysiloxane Modified Silica Nanochannel Membrane for Hydrophobicity-Based Molecular Filtration and Detection. Anal Chem 2016; 88:7821-7. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b01866] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingyu Lin
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Bowen Zhang
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qian Yang
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Fei Yan
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Xin Hua
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials & Institute of Fine Chemicals, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Road, Shanghai 200237, PR China
| | - Bin Su
- Institute
of Analytical Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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16
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Kim J, Kim HY, Lee H, Kim SJ. Pseudo 1-D Micro/Nanofluidic Device for Exact Electrokinetic Responses. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2016; 32:6478-6485. [PMID: 27248856 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.6b01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Conventionally, a 1-D micro/nanofluidic device, whose nanochannel bridged two microchannels, was widely chosen in the fundamental electrokinetic studies; however, the configuration had intrinsic limitations of the time-consuming and labor intensive tasks of filling and flushing the microchannel due to the high fluidic resistance of the nanochannel bridge. In this work, a pseudo 1-D micro/nanofluidic device incorporating air valves at each microchannel was proposed for mitigating these limitations. High Laplace pressure formed at liquid/air interface inside the microchannels played as a virtual valve only when the electrokinetic operations were conducted. The identical electrokinetic behaviors of the propagation of ion concentration polarization layer and current-voltage responses were obtained in comparison with the conventional 1-D micro/nanofluidic device by both experiments and numerical simulations. Therefore, the suggested pseudo 1-D micro/nanofluidic device owned not only experimental conveniences but also exact electrokinetic responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junsuk Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Ho-Young Kim
- Department of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Big Data Institute, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyomin Lee
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Institute of Advanced Machines and Design, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
| | - Sung Jae Kim
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Big Data Institute, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
- Inter-university Semiconductor Research Center, Seoul National University , Seoul 08826, Republic of Korea
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Exploring Gradients in Electrophoretic Separation and Preconcentration on Miniaturized Devices. SEPARATIONS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/separations3020012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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18
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Chang HK, Choi E, Park J. Paper-based energy harvesting from salinity gradients. LAB ON A CHIP 2016; 16:700-708. [PMID: 26768119 DOI: 10.1039/c5lc01232e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based microfluidic devices have many advantages such as low cost, flexibility, light weight and easy disposability. Especially, since they can intrinsically generate capillary-driven flow (no pumps are needed), paper-based microfluidic devices are widely used in analytical or diagnostic platforms. Along with advancements in microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs), energy generation using paper materials has received significant attention. In this study, environment-friendly and flexible paper-based energy harvesting with a simple configuration is demonstrated by using the principle of reverse electrodialysis (RED). RED is a promising clean energy generation method, which converts Gibbs free energy into electricity by salinity gradients without discharging any pollutants. However, the power efficiency in a conventional RED device is limited by the essential requirement of active pumping for providing high and low concentration electrolytes. Capillary pumping from the proposed paper-based RED can save this waste of energy, and moreover, the flexible device is realized with cost effective materials and a simple fabrication step, and is environmentally friendly. By thoughtful analysis of voltage-current experiments and capillary flow rates in paper channels, the optimized channel width interfacing with a selective membrane is determined as 2 mm and the maximum power and power density are achieved as 55 nW and 275 nW cm(-2), respectively. 25.8% of the generated maximum power is successfully saved by realizing the pumpless RED system. This paper-based RED device can be integrated directly with μPADs as a practical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hyung-Kwan Chang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Sogang University, 35 Baekbeom-ro, Mapo-gu, Seoul 04107, Korea.
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