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Khatik SY, Roy S, Srivatsan SG. Synthesis and Enzymatic Incorporation of a Dual-App Nucleotide Probe That Reports Antibiotics-Induced Conformational Change in the Bacterial Ribosomal Decoding Site RNA. ACS Chem Biol 2024; 19:687-695. [PMID: 38407057 DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.3c00676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Natural nucleosides are nonfluorescent and do not have intrinsic labels that can be readily utilized for analyzing nucleic acid structure and recognition. In this regard, researchers typically use the so-called "one-label, one-technique" approach to study nucleic acids. However, we envisioned that a responsive dual-app nucleoside system that harnesses the power of two complementing biophysical techniques namely, fluorescence and 19F NMR, will allow the investigation of nucleic acid conformations more comprehensively than before. We recently introduced a nucleoside analogue by tagging trifluoromethyl-benzofuran at the C5 position of 2'-deoxyuridine, which serves as an excellent fluorescent and 19F NMR probe to study G-quadruplex and i-motif structures. Taking forward, here, we report the development of a ribonucleotide version of the dual-app probe to monitor antibiotics-induced conformational changes in RNA. The ribonucleotide analog is derived by conjugating trifluoromethyl-benzofuran at the C5 position of uridine (TFBF-UTP). The analog is efficiently incorporated by T7 RNA polymerase to produce functionalized RNA transcripts. Detailed photophysical and 19F NMR of the nucleoside and nucleotide incorporated into RNA oligonucleotides revealed that the analog is structurally minimally invasive and can be used for probing RNA conformations by fluorescence and 19F NMR techniques. Using the probe, we monitored and estimated aminoglycoside antibiotics binding to the bacterial ribosomal decoding site RNA (A-site, a very important RNA target). While 2-aminopurine, a famous fluorescent nucleic acid probe, fails to detect structurally similar aminoglycoside antibiotics binding to the A-site, our probe reports the binding of different aminoglycosides to the A-site. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TFBF-UTP is a very useful addition to the nucleic acid analysis toolbox and could be used to devise discovery platforms to identify new RNA binders of therapeutic potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saddam Y Khatik
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Sarupa Roy
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
| | - Seergazhi G Srivatsan
- Department of Chemistry, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER), Pune, Dr. Homi Bhabha Road, Pune 411008, India
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Balan GA, Precupas A, Matei I. Gelation Behaviour of Pluronic F127/Polysaccharide Systems Revealed via Thioflavin T Fluorescence. Gels 2023; 9:939. [PMID: 38131925 PMCID: PMC10742936 DOI: 10.3390/gels9120939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Fast, reliable methods for characterizing the micelle-to-gel transition in emerging Pluronic F127/polysaccharide materials are essential for tailoring their applications as in situ gelling delivery systems. This study describes a simple fluorimetric method based on the response to gelation of the molecular probe thioflavin T (ThT). The techniques employed are (second derivative) steady-state and synchronous fluorescence. The capabilities of ThT as gelation reporter are tested for three model systems: Pluronic F127 (P16.6%), Pluronic F127/alginate (P16.6%ALG2%) and Pluronic F127/hyaluronic acid (P16.6%HA0.5%). We demonstrate that the changes in the short and long wavelength emissions of ThT allow accurate determination of the critical gelation temperatures in the investigated systems. The spectroscopic data providing information at molecular level are complemented with differential scanning microcalorimetric results revealing additional macroscopic insight into the micellization process. The gelation study is preceded by a solvatochromic analysis of ThT.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Iulia Matei
- “Ilie Murgulescu” Institute of Physical Chemistry of the Romanian Academy, 202 Splaiul Independentei, 060021 Bucharest, Romania
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3
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Estaun-Panzano J, Arotcarena ML, Bezard E. Monitoring α-synuclein aggregation. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 176:105966. [PMID: 36527982 PMCID: PMC9875312 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2022.105966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's disease (PD), dementia with Lewy Bodies (DLB), and multiple system atrophy (MSA), are characterized by the misfolding and subsequent aggregation of alpha-synuclein (α-syn) that accumulates in cytoplasmic inclusions bodies in the cells of affected brain regions. Since the seminal report of likely-aggregated α-syn presence within the Lewy bodies by Spillantini et al. in 1997, the keyword "synuclein aggregation" has appeared in over 6000 papers (Source: PubMed October 2022). Studying, observing, describing, and quantifying α-syn aggregation is therefore of paramount importance, whether it happens in tubo, in vitro, in post-mortem samples, or in vivo. The past few years have witnessed tremendous progress in understanding aggregation mechanisms and identifying various polymorphs. In this context of growing complexity, it is of utmost importance to understand what tools we possess, what exact information they provide, and in what context they may be applied. Nonetheless, it is also crucial to rationalize the relevance of the information and the limitations of these methods for gauging the final result. In this review, we present the main techniques that have shaped the current views about α-syn structure and dynamics, with particular emphasis on the recent breakthroughs that may change our understanding of synucleinopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Erwan Bezard
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, IMN, UMR 5293, F-33000 Bordeaux, France; Motac Neuroscience Ltd, Manchester, United Kingdom.
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4
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Tiiman A, Jelić V, Jarvet J, Järemo P, Bogdanović N, Rigler R, Terenius L, Gräslund A, Vukojević V. Amyloidogenic Nanoplaques in Blood Serum of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Revealed by Time-Resolved Thioflavin T Fluorescence Intensity Fluctuation Analysis. J Alzheimers Dis 2020; 68:571-582. [PMID: 30814355 PMCID: PMC6484272 DOI: 10.3233/jad-181144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biomarkers are central to current research on molecular mechanisms underlying Alzheimer's disease (AD). Their further development is of paramount importance for understanding pathophysiological processes that eventually lead to disease onset. Biomarkers are also crucial for early disease detection, before clinical manifestation, and for development of new disease modifying therapies. OBJECTIVE The overall aim of this work is to develop a minimally invasive method for fast, ultra-sensitive and cost-effective detection of structurally modified peptide/protein self-assemblies in the peripheral blood and in other biological fluids. Specifically, we focus here on using this method to detect structured amyloidogenic oligomeric aggregates in the blood serum of apparently healthy individuals and patients in early AD stage, and measure their concentration and size. METHODS Time-resolved detection of Thioflavin T (ThT) fluorescence intensity fluctuations in a sub-femtoliter observation volume element was used to identify in blood serum ThT-active structured amyloidogenic oligomeric aggregates, hereafter called nanoplaques, and measure with single-particle sensitivity their concentration and size. RESULTS The concentration and size of structured amyloidogenic nanoplaques are significantly higher in the blood serum of individuals diagnosed with AD than in control subjects. CONCLUSION A new method with the ultimate, single-particle sensitivity was successfully developed. The proposed approach neither relies on the use of immune-based probes, nor on the use of radiotracers, signal-amplification or protein separation techniques, and provides a minimally invasive test for fast and cost-effective early determination of structurally modified peptides/proteins in the peripheral blood, as shown here, but also in other biological fluids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ann Tiiman
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine CMM L8:01, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vesna Jelić
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden
| | - Jüri Jarvet
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden.,The National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Petter Järemo
- Department of Internal Medicine, The Vrinnevi Hospital, Norrköping, Sweden
| | - Nenad Bogdanović
- Department of Neurobiology, Care Sciences and Society (NVS), Division of Clinical Geriatrics, Karolinska Institutet, Huddinge, Sweden.,Department of Geriatric Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway
| | - Rudolf Rigler
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Biophysics (MBB), Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Terenius
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine CMM L8:01, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Astrid Gräslund
- Department of Biochemistry and Biophysics, Arrhenius Laboratories, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Vladana Vukojević
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience (CNS), Center for Molecular Medicine CMM L8:01, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
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Liang J, Guo P, Qin X, Gao X, Ma K, Zhu X, Jin X, Xu W, Jiang L, Duan P. Hierarchically Chiral Lattice Self-Assembly Induced Circularly Polarized Luminescence. ACS NANO 2020; 14:3190-3198. [PMID: 32129981 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.9b08408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Biomaterials in nature often exhibit hierarchical chiral structures with an intriguing mechanism involving hierarchical chirality transfer from molecular to supramolecular and the nano- or microscale level. To mimic the cross-level chirality transfer, we present here one kind of host-guest complex system built of β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS), and fluorescent dyes, which show multilevel chirality, including molecular chirality of β-CD, induced supramolecular chirality of β-CD/SDS host-guest complexes, a chiral lattice self-assembled nanosheet, mesoscopic chirality of an assembled helical tube, induced chirality of a dye-doped chiral tube. The hierarchical chirality involved a chiral lattice self-assembly process, which can be identified by small-angle X-ray scattering, optical studies, circular dichroism, and circularly polarized luminescence spectral measurements. Benefiting from the chiral lattice self-assembly, intense circularly polarized luminescence was observed from the achiral dye-doped complexes with a large dissymmetry factor up to +0.1. This work thus provides a feasible insight for developing hierarchical chiroptical materials based on the lattice self-assembly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaqi Liang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Peipei Guo
- School of Chemical Engineering, Advanced Institute of Materials Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xujin Qin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaohui Gao
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Kai Ma
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xuefeng Zhu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Science, CAS Key Laboratory of Colloid Interface and Chemical Thermodynamics, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Xue Jin
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
| | - Weiwei Xu
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Lingxiang Jiang
- College of Chemistry and Materials Science, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China
| | - Pengfei Duan
- CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology (NCNST), Beijing 100190, People's Republic of China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, People's Republic of China
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6
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Sulatsky MI, Sulatskaya AI, Povarova OI, Antifeeva IA, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Effect of the fluorescent probes ThT and ANS on the mature amyloid fibrils. Prion 2020; 14:67-75. [PMID: 32008441 PMCID: PMC7009331 DOI: 10.1080/19336896.2020.1720487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Fluorescent probes thioflavin T (ThT) and 1-anilino-8-naphthalene sulfonate (ANS) are widely used to study amyloid fibrils that accumulate in the body of patients with serious diseases, such as Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, prion diseases, etc. However, the possible effect of these probes on amyloid fibrils is not well understood. In this work, we investigated the photophysical characteristics, structure, and morphology of mature amyloid fibrils formed from two model proteins, insulin and lysozyme, in the presence of ThT and ANS. It turned out that ANS affects the secondary structure of amyloids (shown for fibrils formed from insulin and lysozyme) and their fibers clusterization (valid for lysozyme fibrils), while ThT has no such effects. These results confirm the differences in the mechanisms of these dyes interaction with amyloid fibrils. Observed effect of ANS was explained by the electrostatic interactions between the dye molecule and cationic groups of amyloid-forming proteins (unlike hydrophobic binding of ThT) that induce amyloids conformational changes. This interaction leads to weakening repulsion between positive charges of amyloid fibrils and can promote their clusterization. It was shown that when fibrillogenesis conditions and, consequently, fibrils structure is changing, as well as during defragmentation of amyloids by ultrasonication, the influence of ANS to amyloids does not change, which indicates the universality of the detected effects. Based on the obtained results, it was concluded that ANS should be used cautiously for the study of amyloid fibrils, since this fluorescence probe have a direct effect on the object of study.
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Affiliation(s)
- M I Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Cell Morphology, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A I Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - O I Povarova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Iu A Antifeeva
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - I M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - K K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia
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7
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Karmakar S, Chakraborty S, Gautam S, Chowdhury PK. Exploring the potency of the naturally occurring polyphenol curcumin as a probe for protein aggregation in crowded environments. Int J Biol Macromol 2019; 141:1088-1101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2019.09.049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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8
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Sulatskaya AI, Sulatsky MI, Antifeeva IA, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Structural Analogue of Thioflavin T, DMASEBT, as a Tool for Amyloid Fibrils Study. Anal Chem 2019; 91:3131-3140. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05737] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- A. I. Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - M. I. Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Cell Morphology, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - Iu. A. Antifeeva
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - I. M. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - K. K. Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University (SPbPU), St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
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9
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Sulatskaya AI, Rodina NP, Polyakov DS, Sulatsky MI, Artamonova TO, Khodorkovskii MA, Shavlovsky MM, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Structural Features of Amyloid Fibrils Formed from the Full-Length and Truncated Forms of Beta-2-Microglobulin Probed by Fluorescent Dye Thioflavin T. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:E2762. [PMID: 30223436 PMCID: PMC6164334 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2018] [Revised: 09/04/2018] [Accepted: 09/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The persistence of high concentrations of beta-2-microglobulin (β2M) in the blood of patients with acute renal failure leads to the development of the dialysis-related amyloidosis. This disease manifests in the deposition of amyloid fibrils formed from the various forms of β2M in the tissues and biological fluids of patients. In this paper, the amyloid fibrils formed from the full-length β2M (β2m) and its variants that lack the 6 and 10 N-terminal amino acids of the protein polypeptide chain (ΔN6β2m and ΔN10β2m, respectively) were probed by using the fluorescent dye thioflavin T (ThT). For this aim, the tested solutions were prepared via the equilibrium microdialysis approach. Spectroscopic analysis of the obtained samples allowed us to detect one binding mode (type) of ThT interaction with all the studied variants of β2M amyloid fibrils with affinity ~10⁴ M-1. This interaction can be explained by the dye molecules incorporation into the grooves that were formed by the amino acids side chains of amyloid protofibrils along the long axis of the fibrils. The decrease in the affinity and stoichiometry of the dye interaction with β2M fibrils, as well as in the fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime of the bound dye upon the shortening of the protein amino acid sequence were shown. The observed differences in the ThT-β2M fibrils binding parameters and characteristics of the bound dye allowed to prove not only the difference of the ΔN10β2m fibrils from other β2M fibrils (that can be detected visually, for example, by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), but also the differences between β2m and ΔN6β2m fibrils (that can not be unequivocally confirmed by other approaches). These results prove an essential role of N-terminal amino acids of the protein in the formation of the β2M amyloid fibrils. Information about amyloidogenic protein sequences can be claimed in the development of ways to inhibit β2M fibrillogenesis for the treatment of dialysis-related amyloidosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna I Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Natalia P Rodina
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Polyakov
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Pavlov str. 12, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
- Chair of Medical Genetics, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Piskarevskij prospect 47, St. Petersburg 195067, Russia.
| | - Maksim I Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Tatyana O Artamonova
- Research Center of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
| | - Mikhail A Khodorkovskii
- Research Center of Nanobiotechnologies, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
| | - Mikhail M Shavlovsky
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Institute of Experimental Medicine, Pavlov str. 12, St. Petersburg 197376, Russia.
- Chair of Medical Genetics, North-Western State Medical University named after I.I. Mechnikov, Piskarevskij prospect 47, St. Petersburg 195067, Russia.
| | - Irina M Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
| | - Konstantin K Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia.
- Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia.
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10
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Sidhu A, Vaneyck J, Blum C, Segers-Nolten I, Subramaniam V. Polymorph-specific distribution of binding sites determines thioflavin-T fluorescence intensity in α-synuclein fibrils. Amyloid 2018; 25:189-196. [PMID: 30486688 DOI: 10.1080/13506129.2018.1517736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
Thioflavin-T (ThT) is the most commonly used fluorescent dye for following amyloid formation semi-quantitatively in vitro, specifically probing the fibrillar cross-β-sheet content. In recent years, structural polymorphism of amyloid fibrils has been shown to be an important aspect of amyloid formation, both in vitro and in neurodegenerative diseases. Therefore, understanding ThT-amyloid interactions in the context of structural polymorphism of amyloids is necessary for correct interpretation of ThT fluorescence data. Here we study the influence of fibril morphology on ThT fluorescence and ThT binding sites, with two morphologically distinct but chemically identical α-synuclein polymorphs. In ThT fluorescence assays the two polymorphs show type-specific fluorescence intensity behaviour although their β-sheet content has been shown to be similar. Further, fluorescence lifetime measurements of fibril-bound ThT reveal the presence of at least two qualitatively different ThT binding sites on the polymorphs. The relative distributions of the binding sites on the fibril surfaces appear to be morphology dependent, thus determining the observed polymorph-specific ThT fluorescence intensities. These results, highlighting the role of fibril morphology in ThT-based amyloid studies, underline the relevance of polymorphs in ThT-amyloid interaction and can explain the variability often observed in ThT amyloid binding assays.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshdeep Sidhu
- a Nanobiophysics, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Jonathan Vaneyck
- a Nanobiophysics, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Christian Blum
- a Nanobiophysics, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Ine Segers-Nolten
- a Nanobiophysics, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands
| | - Vinod Subramaniam
- a Nanobiophysics, MESA + Institute for Nanotechnology, University of Twente , Enschede , The Netherlands.,b Executive Board, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam , Amsterdam , The Netherlands
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11
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Investigation of α-Synuclein Amyloid Fibrils Using the Fluorescent Probe Thioflavin T. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19092486. [PMID: 30142878 PMCID: PMC6163839 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19092486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2018] [Revised: 08/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this work, α-synuclein amyloid fibrils—the formation of which is a biomarker of Parkinson’s disease—were investigated using the fluorescent probe thioflavin T (ThT). The experimental conditions of protein fibrillogenesis were chosen so that a sufficient number of continuous measurements could be performed to characterize and analyze all stages of this process. The reproducibility of fibrillogenesis and the structure of the obtained aggregates (which is a critical point for further investigation) were proven using a wide range of physical-chemical methods. For the determination of ThT-α-synuclein amyloid fibril binding parameters, the sample and reference solutions were prepared using equilibrium microdialysis. By utilizing absorption spectroscopy of these solutions, the ThT-fibrils binding mode with a binding constant of about 104 M−1 and stoichiometry of ThT per protein molecule of about 1:8 was observed. Fluorescence spectroscopy of the same solutions with the subsequent correction of the recorded fluorescence intensity on the primary inner filter effect allowed us to determine another mode of ThT binding to fibrils, with a binding constant of about 106 M−1 and stoichiometry of about 1:2500. Analysis of the photophysical characteristics of the dye molecules bound to the sites of different binding modes allowed us to assume the possible localization of these sites. The obtained differences in the ThT binding parameters to the amyloid fibrils formed from α-synuclein and other amyloidogenic proteins, as well as in the photophysical characteristics of the bound dye, confirmed the hypothesis of amyloid fibril polymorphism.
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12
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Pretorius E, Bester J, Page MJ, Kell DB. The Potential of LPS-Binding Protein to Reverse Amyloid Formation in Plasma Fibrin of Individuals With Alzheimer-Type Dementia. Front Aging Neurosci 2018; 10:257. [PMID: 30186156 PMCID: PMC6113936 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2018.00257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 08/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Many studies indicate that there is a (mainly dormant) microbial component in the progressive development of Alzheimer-type dementias (ADs); and that in the case of Gram-negative organisms, a chief culprit might be the shedding of the highly inflammagenic lipopolysaccharide (LPS) from their cell walls. We have recently shown that a highly sensitive assay for the presence of free LPS [added to platelet poor plasma (PPP)] lies in its ability (in healthy individuals) to induce blood to clot into an amyloid form. This may be observed in a SEM or in a confocal microscope when suitable amyloid stains (such as thioflavin T) are added. This process could be inhibited by human lipopolysaccharide-binding protein (LBP). In the current paper, we show using scanning electron microscopy and confocal microscopy with amyloid markers, that PPP taken from individuals with AD exhibits considerable amyloid structure when clotting is initiated with thrombin but without added LPS. Furthermore, we could show that this amyloid structure may be reversed by the addition of very small amounts of LBP. This provides further evidence for a role of microbes and their inflammagenic cell wall products and that these products may be involved in pathological clotting in individuals with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Janette Bester
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Martin J Page
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Douglas B Kell
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Faculty of Science, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.,School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,The Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
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Sulatskaya AI, Rychkov GN, Sulatsky MI, Rodina NP, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK. Thioflavin T Interaction with Acetylcholinesterase: New Evidence of 1:1 Binding Stoichiometry Obtained with Samples Prepared by Equilibrium Microdialysis. ACS Chem Neurosci 2018; 9:1793-1801. [PMID: 29652131 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the present work was investigation of the fluorescent dye thioflavin T (ThT) binding to acetylcholinesterase (AChE). ThT is an effective test for protease activity, as well as a probe for amyloid fibril formation. Despite the extended and active investigation of ThT-AChE binding, there is still no common view on the stoichiometry of this interaction. In particular, there is a hypothesis explaining the spectral properties of bound to AChE dye and high quantum yield of its fluorescence by formation of dimers or excimers of ThT. In order to confirm or deny this hypothesis, we proposed a new experimental approach for examination of ThT-AChE interaction based on spectroscopic investigation of samples prepared by equilibrium microdialysis. This approach allowed us to prove 1/1 ThT/AChE binding stoichiometry. The increase of ThT fluorescence quantum yield and lifetime accompanying its binding to AChE can be explained by the molecular rotor nature of this dye. Together with the coincidence of the positions of free and AChE-bound ThT fluorescence spectra, the obtained results prove the groundlessness of the hypotheses about ThT aggregation while binding to AChE. The model of ThT localization in the active site of AChE was proposed by using molecular docking simulations. These results also allowed us to suggest the key role of aromatic residues in ThT-AChE interaction, as observed for some amyloid fibrils.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. I. Sulatskaya
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - G. N. Rychkov
- Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St.-Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
- Department of Molecular and Radiation Biophysics, Petersburg Nuclear Physics Institute, NRC Kurchatov Institute, Orlova Roscha, Gatchina, Leningrad District, 188300, Russia
| | - M. I. Sulatsky
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - N. P. Rodina
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St.-Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
| | - I. M. Kuznetsova
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
| | - K. K. Turoverov
- Laboratory of Structural Dynamics, Stability and Folding of Proteins, Institute of Cytology of the Russian Academy of Science, Tikhoretsky ave. 4, St. Petersburg 194064, Russia
- Institute of Physics, Nanotechnology and Telecommunications, Peter the Great St.-Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya 29, St. Petersburg 195251, Russia
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Belousov MV, Bondarev SA, Kosolapova AO, Antonets KS, Sulatskaya AI, Sulatsky MI, Zhouravleva GA, Kuznetsova IM, Turoverov KK, Nizhnikov AA. M60-like metalloprotease domain of the Escherichia coli YghJ protein forms amyloid fibrils. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0191317. [PMID: 29381728 PMCID: PMC5790219 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0191317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2017] [Accepted: 01/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloids are protein fibrils with a characteristic spatial structure. Amyloids were long perceived as the pathogens involved in a set of lethal diseases in humans and animals. In recent decades, it has become clear that amyloids represent a quaternary protein structure that is not only pathological but also functionally important and is widely used by different organisms, ranging from archaea to animals, to implement diverse biological functions. The greatest biological variety of amyloids is found in prokaryotes, where they control the formation of biofilms and cell wall sheaths, facilitate the overcoming of surface tension, and regulate the metabolism of toxins. Several amyloid proteins were identified in the important model, biotechnological and pathogenic bacterium Escherichia coli. In previous studies, using a method for the proteomic screening and identification of amyloids, we identified 61 potentially amyloidogenic proteins in the proteome of E. coli. Among these proteins, YghJ was the most enriched with bioinformatically predicted amyloidogenic regions. YghJ is a lipoprotein with a zinc metalloprotease M60-like domain that is involved in mucin degradation in the intestine as well as in proinflammatory responses. In this study, we analyzed the amyloid properties of the YghJ M60-like domain and demonstrated that it forms amyloid-like fibrils in vitro and in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail V. Belousov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Stanislav A. Bondarev
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anastasiia O. Kosolapova
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Podbelskogo sh., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Kirill S. Antonets
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Podbelskogo sh., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anna I. Sulatskaya
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Maksim I. Sulatsky
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Galina A. Zhouravleva
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory of Amyloid Biology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Irina M. Kuznetsova
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Konstantin K. Turoverov
- Institute of Cytology, Russian Academy of Science, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, Polytechnicheskaya, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
| | - Anton A. Nizhnikov
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St. Petersburg State University, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Laboratory for Proteomics of Supra-Organismal Systems, All-Russia Research Institute for Agricultural Microbiology (ARRIAM), Podbelskogo sh., Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, St Petersburg Branch, Universitetskaya nab., St. Petersburg, Russian Federation
- * E-mail:
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Kell DB, Pretorius E. To What Extent Are the Terminal Stages of Sepsis, Septic Shock, Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome, and Multiple Organ Dysfunction Syndrome Actually Driven by a Prion/Amyloid Form of Fibrin? Semin Thromb Hemost 2017; 44:224-238. [PMID: 28778104 PMCID: PMC6193370 DOI: 10.1055/s-0037-1604108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A well-established development of increasing disease severity leads from sepsis through systemic inflammatory response syndrome, septic shock, multiple organ dysfunction syndrome, and cellular and organismal death. Less commonly discussed are the equally well-established coagulopathies that accompany this. We argue that a lipopolysaccharide-initiated (often disseminated intravascular) coagulation is accompanied by a proteolysis of fibrinogen such that formed fibrin is both inflammatory and resistant to fibrinolysis. In particular, we argue that the form of fibrin generated is amyloid in nature because much of its normal α-helical content is transformed to β-sheets, as occurs with other proteins in established amyloidogenic and prion diseases. We hypothesize that these processes of amyloidogenic clotting and the attendant coagulopathies play a role in the passage along the aforementioned pathways to organismal death, and that their inhibition would be of significant therapeutic value, a claim for which there is considerable emerging evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas B Kell
- School of Chemistry, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Manchester Institute of Biotechnology, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom.,Centre for Synthetic Biology of Fine and Speciality Chemicals, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom
| | - Etheresia Pretorius
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Matieland, South Africa
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Thioflavin T fluoresces as excimer in highly concentrated aqueous solutions and as monomer being incorporated in amyloid fibrils. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2146. [PMID: 28526838 PMCID: PMC5438369 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-02237-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Fluorescence of thioflavin T (ThT) is a proven tool for amyloid fibrils study. The correct model of ThT binding to fibrils is crucial to clarify amyloid fibrils structure and mechanism of their formation. Although there are convincing evidences that ThT has molecular rotor nature, implying it's binding to fibrils in monomer form, speculations concerning ThT binding to fibrils in aggregated forms appear in literature so far. The elaborated approach for fluorescence intensity correction on the inner filter effects applied to ThT aqueous solutions with a wide range of concentration allowed characterizing ThT excimers fluorescence and showing its difference from that of ThT bound to fibrils. Obtained results experimentally prove the monomer model of ThT binding to amyloid fibrils and demonstrate wide capacity of the used approach in the spectroscopy of other fluorescent dyes for examination of concentration self-quenching and deformation of fluorescence spectra, dye molecules interaction, dimers and excimers formation.
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Proteins behaving badly. Substoichiometric molecular control and amplification of the initiation and nature of amyloid fibril formation: lessons from and for blood clotting. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2017; 123:16-41. [DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2016.08.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2016] [Revised: 08/14/2016] [Accepted: 08/19/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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Dench J, Morgan N, Wong JSS. Quantitative Viscosity Mapping Using Fluorescence Lifetime Measurements. TRIBOLOGY LETTERS 2016; 65:25. [PMID: 32355438 PMCID: PMC7175709 DOI: 10.1007/s11249-016-0807-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 12/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Lubricant viscosity is a key driver in both the tribological performance and energy efficiency of a lubricated contact. Elastohydrodynamic (EHD) lubrication produces very high pressures and shear rates, conditions hard to replicate using conventional rheometry. In situ rheological measurements within a typical contact are therefore important to investigate how a fluid behaves under such conditions. Molecular rotors provide such an opportunity to extract the local viscosity of a fluid under EHD lubrication. The validity of such an application is shown by comparing local viscosity measurements obtained using molecular rotors and fluorescence lifetime measurements, in a model EHD lubricant, with reference measurements using conventional rheometry techniques. The appropriateness of standard methods used in tribology for high-pressure rheometry (combining friction and film thickness measurements) has been verified when the flow of EHD lubricant is homogeneous and linear. A simple procedure for calibrating the fluorescence lifetime of molecular rotors at elevated pressure for viscosity measurements is proposed.
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Affiliation(s)
- J. Dench
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
| | - N. Morgan
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
- Shell Global Solutions (UK) Ltd, Brabazon House, Threapwood Road, Manchester, M22 0RR UK
| | - J. S. S. Wong
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London, SW7 2AZ UK
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Islam MM, Mitra S. Cholinergic inhibitors replace thioflavin-T from acetylcholinesterase binding pocket: A potential fluorescence based molecular switch. Chem Phys Lett 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cplett.2016.09.079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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