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Liu R, Wang D. Tunneling Electron Transfer across Cell Membrane via Au Nanoparticles in Single Living Cells. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2451-2456. [PMID: 38358313 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/16/2024]
Abstract
Herein, we present a new and simple electrochemical method to detect the intracellular electroactive substances by utilizing the electron tunnelling processes at the metal nanoparticles inside the cells. Intriguing discrete oxidation and reduction current spikes are obtained when testing the cells with loaded Au nanoparticles at the ultramicroelectrodes, which should come from reactive oxygen species (ROS) inside the single cell. The charges enclosed in the current spikes represent the ROS content inside the living cells, as confirmed by the fluorescence studies. As this simple electron tunnelling approach needs no nanoelectrodes or nanotip penetration processes, we believe it could have great potential applications in electrochemical analysis of single living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rujia Liu
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
| | - Dengchao Wang
- School of Chemical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, P. R. China
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2
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Weiß LJK, Rinklin P, Thakur B, Music E, Url H, Kopic I, Hoven D, Banzet M, von Trotha T, Mayer D, Wolfrum B. Prototype Digital Lateral Flow Sensor Using Impact Electrochemistry in a Competitive Binding Assay. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1967-1976. [PMID: 35801574 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This work demonstrates a lateral flow assay concept on the basis of stochastic-impact electrochemistry. To this end, we first elucidate requirements to employ silver nanoparticles as redox-active labels. Then, we present a prototype that utilizes nanoimpacts from biotinylated silver nanoparticles as readouts to detect free biotin in solution based on competitive binding. The detection is performed in a membrane-based microfluidic system, where free biotin and biotinylated particles compete for streptavidin immobilized on embedded latex beads. Excess nanoparticles are then registered downstream at an array of detection electrodes. In this way, we establish a proof of concept that serves as a blueprint for future "digital" lateral flow sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart J K Weiß
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Rinklin
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Bhawana Thakur
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Emir Music
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Heike Url
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Inola Kopic
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Darius Hoven
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marko Banzet
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Tassilo von Trotha
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wolfrum
- Neuroelectronics - Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
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3
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Weiß LJK, Lubins G, Music E, Rinklin P, Banzet M, Peng H, Terkan K, Mayer D, Wolfrum B. Single-Impact Electrochemistry in Paper-Based Microfluidics. ACS Sens 2022; 7:884-892. [PMID: 35235291 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02703] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Microfluidic paper-based analytical devices (μPADs) have experienced an unprecedented story of success. In particular, as of today, most people have likely come into contact with one of their two most famous examples─the pregnancy or the SARS-CoV-2 antigen test. However, their sensing performance is constrained by the optical readout of nanoparticle agglomeration, which typically allows only qualitative measurements. In contrast, single-impact electrochemistry offers the possibility to quantify species concentrations beyond the pM range by resolving collisions of individual species on a microelectrode. Within this work, we investigate the integration of stochastic sensing into a μPAD design by combining a wax-patterned microchannel with a microelectrode array to detect silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) by their oxidative dissolution. In doing so, we demonstrate the possibility to resolve individual nanoparticle collisions in a reference-on-chip configuration. To simulate a lateral flow architecture, we flush previously dried AgNPs along a microchannel toward the electrode array, where we are able to record nanoparticle impacts. Consequently, single-impact electrochemistry poses a promising candidate to extend the limits of lateral flow-based sensors beyond current applications toward a fast and reliable detection of very dilute species on site.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lennart J. K. Weiß
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Georg Lubins
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Emir Music
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Philipp Rinklin
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Marko Banzet
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Hu Peng
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Korkut Terkan
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Biological Information Processing, Bioelectronics (IBI-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Bernhard Wolfrum
- Neuroelectronics─Munich Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Technical University of Munich, Boltzmannstrasse 11, 85748 Garching, Germany
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4
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Defnet PA, Zhang B. Collision, Adhesion, and Oxidation of Single Ag Nanoparticles on a Polysulfide-Modified Microelectrode. J Am Chem Soc 2021; 143:16154-16162. [PMID: 34549950 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.1c07164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
We report the collision, adhesion, and oxidation behavior of single silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) on a polysulfide-modified gold microelectrode. Despite its remarkable success in volume analysis for smaller Ag NPs, the method of NP-collision electrochemistry has failed to analyze particles greater than 50 nm due to uncontrollable collision behavior and incomplete NP oxidation. Herein, we describe the unique capability of an ultrathin polysulfide layer in controlling the collision behavior of Ag NPs by drastically improving their sticking probability on the electrode. The ultrathin sulfurous layer is formed on gold by sodium thiosulfate electro-oxidation and serves both as an adhesive interface for colliding NPs and as a preconcentrated reactive medium to chemically oxidize Ag to form Ag2S. Rapid particle dissolution is further promoted by the presence of bulk sodium thiosulfate serving as a Lewis base, which drastically improves the solubility of generated Ag2S by a factor of 1013. The combined use of polysulfide and sodium thiosulfate allows us to observe a 25× increase in NP detection frequency, a 3× increase in peak amplitude, and more complete oxidation for larger Ag NPs. By recognizing how volumetric analysis using transmission electron microscopy (TEM) may overestimate quasi-spherical NPs, we believe we can have full NP oxidation for particles up to 100 nm. By focusing on the electrode/solution interface for more effective NP-electrode contact, we expect that the knowledge learned from this study will greatly benefit future NP collision systems for mechanistic studies in single-entity electrochemistry as well as designing ultrasensitive biochemical sensors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter A Defnet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
| | - Bo Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195-1700, United States
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Bolat G, Yaman YT, Kuralay F, Abaci S. Ultrathin polypyrrole films on
self‐assembled
monolayers as an efficient ultramicroelectrode assay. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gulcin Bolat
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Yesim T. Yaman
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research CenterHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Filiz Kuralay
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
| | - Serdar Abaci
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of ScienceHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
- Advanced Technologies Application and Research CenterHacettepe University Ankara Turkey
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Ai Q, Jin L, Gong Z, Liang F. Observing Host-Guest Interactions at Molecular Interfaces by Monitoring the Electrochemical Current. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:10581-10585. [PMID: 32426616 PMCID: PMC7227043 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Macrocyclic cucurbit[n]uril (CB[n]) molecules have triggered renewed interest because of their outstanding capabilities as host molecules to selectively interact with a wide range of small guest molecules. Here, CB[7]-based host-guest interactions were investigated for a guest-modified nanoelectrode by monitoring the electrochemical current. A ferrocene (Fc)-terminated molecule immobilized on a gold nanoelectrode (GNE) showed suitable affinity with CB[7] when the effective exposing area of the GNE was between 5.3 and 12 μm2 and the bias applied on the GNE was -500 mV. Monitoring the dynamics of nanoparticles (NPs) on a nanoelectrode provides new insights into the host-guest interactions at molecular interfaces.
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Guo J, Pan J, Chang S, Wang X, Kong N, Yang W, He J. Monitoring the Dynamic Process of Formation of Plasmonic Molecular Junctions during Single Nanoparticle Collisions. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2018; 14:e1704164. [PMID: 29493086 DOI: 10.1002/smll.201704164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2017] [Revised: 01/21/2018] [Indexed: 05/23/2023]
Abstract
The capability to study the dynamic formation of plasmonic molecular junction is of fundamental importance, and it will provide new insights into molecular electronics/plasmonics, single-entity electrochemistry, and nanooptoelectronics. Here, a facile method to form plasmonic molecular junctions is reported by utilizing single gold nanoparticle (NP) collision events at a highly curved gold nanoelectrode modified with a self-assembled monolayer. By using time-resolved electrochemical current measurement and surface-enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy, the current changes and the evolution of interfacial chemical bonding are successfully observed in the newly formed molecular tunnel junctions during and after the gold NP "hit-n-stay" and "hit-n-run" collision events. The results lead to an in-depth understanding of the single NP motion and the associated molecular level changes during the formation of the plasmonic molecular junctions in a single NP collision event. This method also provides a new platform to study molecular changes at the single molecule level during electron transport in a dynamic molecular tunnel junction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Guo
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Jie Pan
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Shuai Chang
- College of Materials and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, 430081, China
| | - Xuewen Wang
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
| | - Na Kong
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Wenrong Yang
- Center for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Science, Deakin University, VIC, 3216, Australia
| | - Jin He
- Department of Physics, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
- Department of Physics and Biomolecular Science Institute, Florida International University, Miami, FL, 33199, USA
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8
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Shimada H, Noguchi S, Yamamoto M, Nishiyama K, Kitamura Y, Ihara T. Electrochemical Sensing of Neurotoxic Agents Based on Their Electron Transfer Promotion Effect on an Au Electrode. Anal Chem 2017; 89:5742-5747. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.6b04229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hiroshi Shimada
- Division
of Materials Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku,
Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
- Forensic
Science Laboratory, Nagasaki Prefectural Police H.Q., 4-8 Manzai-machi, Nagasaki 850-8548, Japan
| | - Shiori Noguchi
- Division
of Materials Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku,
Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Masahiro Yamamoto
- Department
of Chemistry, Konan University, 8-9-1 Okamoto, Higashi-Nada, Kobe, Hyogo 658-8501, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Nishiyama
- Division
of Materials Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku,
Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Yusuke Kitamura
- Division
of Materials Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku,
Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
| | - Toshihiro Ihara
- Division
of Materials Science, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Kumamoto University, 2-39-1 Kurokami, Chuo-ku,
Kumamoto 860-8555, Japan
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9
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Krause KJ, Brings F, Schnitker J, Kätelhön E, Rinklin P, Mayer D, Compton RG, Lemay SG, Offenhäusser A, Wolfrum B. The Influence of Supporting Ions on the Electrochemical Detection of Individual Silver Nanoparticles: Understanding the Shape and Frequency of Current Transients in Nano-impacts. Chemistry 2017; 23:4638-4643. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201605924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2016] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kay J. Krause
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Fabian Brings
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Jan Schnitker
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Enno Kätelhön
- Department of Chemistry; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory; Oxford University, South Parks Road; Oxford OX1 3QZ UK
| | - Philipp Rinklin
- Neuroelectronics, MSB, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Boltzmannstr. 11 85748 Garching Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Munich; Germany
| | - Dirk Mayer
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Richard G. Compton
- Department of Chemistry; Physical and Theoretical Chemistry Laboratory; Oxford University, South Parks Road; Oxford OX1 3QZ UK
| | - Serge G. Lemay
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology; University of Twente, PO Box 217; 7500 AE Enschede The Netherlands
| | - Andreas Offenhäusser
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
| | - Bernhard Wolfrum
- Institute of Bioelectronics (PGI-8/ICS-8) and JARA-Fundamentals of Future Information Technology; Forschungszentrum Jülich; 52425 Jülich Germany
- Neuroelectronics, MSB, Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering; Technical University of Munich (TUM); Boltzmannstr. 11 85748 Garching Germany
- Bernstein Center for Computational Neuroscience Munich; Germany
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Ustarroz J, Kang M, Bullions E, Unwin PR. Impact and oxidation of single silver nanoparticles at electrode surfaces: one shot versus multiple events. Chem Sci 2017; 8:1841-1853. [PMID: 28553474 PMCID: PMC5424807 DOI: 10.1039/c6sc04483b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/26/2016] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Single nanoparticle (NP) electrochemical impacts is a rapidly expanding field of fundamental electrochemistry, with applications from electrocatalysis to electroanalysis. These studies, which involve monitoring the electrochemical (usually current-time, I-t) response when a NP from solution impacts with a collector electrode, have the scope to provide considerable information on the properties of individual NPs. Taking the widely studied oxidative dissolution of individual silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) as an important example, we present measurements with unprecedented noise (< 5 pA) and time resolution (time constant 100 μs) that are highly revealing of Ag NP dissolution dynamics. Whereas Ag NPs of diameter, d = 10 nm are mostly dissolved in a single event (on the timescale of the measurements), a wide variety of complex processes operate for NPs of larger diameter (d ≥ 20 nm). Detailed quantitative analysis of the I-t features, consumed charge, event duration and impact frequency leads to a major conclusion: Ag NPs undergo sequential partial stripping (oxidative dissolution) events, where a fraction of a NP is electrochemically oxidized, followed by the NP drifting away and back to the tunnelling region before the next partial stripping event. As a consequence, analysis of the charge consumed by single events (so-called "impact coulometry") cannot be used as a general method to determine the size of colloidal NPs. However, a proper analysis of the I-t responses provides highly valuable information on the transient physicochemical interactions between NPs and polarized surfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jon Ustarroz
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (VUB) , Research Group Electrochemical and Surface Engineering (SURF) , Pleinlaan 2 , 1050 Brussels , Belgium .
| | - Minkyung Kang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Erin Bullions
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
| | - Patrick R Unwin
- Department of Chemistry , University of Warwick , Coventry , CV4 7AL , UK .
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