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Chen J, Yu X, Qu Y, Wang X, Wang Y, Jia K, Du Q, Han J, Liu H, Zhang X, Wang X, Nie Z. High-Performance Metabolic Profiling of High-Risk Thyroid Nodules by ZrMOF Hybrids. ACS NANO 2024. [PMID: 39090798 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.4c05700] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2024]
Abstract
Thyroid nodules (TNs) have emerged as the most prevalent endocrine disorder in China. Fine-needle aspiration (FNA) remains the standard diagnostic method for assessing TN malignancy, although a majority of FNA results indicate benign conditions. Balancing diagnostic accuracy while mitigating overdiagnosis in patients with benign nodules poses a significant clinical challenge. Precise, noninvasive, and high-throughput screening methods for high-risk TN diagnosis are highly desired but remain less explored. Developing such approaches can improve the accuracy of noninvasive methods like ultrasound imaging and reduce overdiagnosis of benign nodule patients caused by invasive procedures. Herein, we investigate the application of gold-doped zirconium-based metal-organic framework (ZrMOF/Au) nanostructures for metabolic profiling of thyroid diseases. This approach enables the efficient extraction of urine metabolite fingerprints with high throughput, low background noise, and reproducibility. Utilizing partial least-squares discriminant analysis and four machine learning models, including neural network (NN), random forest (RF), logistic regression (LR), and support vector machine (SVM), we achieved an enhanced diagnostic accuracy (98.6%) for discriminating thyroid cancer (TC) from low-risk TNs by using a diagnostic panel. Through the analysis of metabolic differences, potential pathway changes between benign nodule and malignancy are identified. This work explores the potential of rapid thyroid disease screening using the ZrMOF/Au-assisted LDI-MS platform, providing a potential method for noninvasive screening of thyroid malignant tumors. Integrating this approach with imaging technologies such as ultrasound can enhance the reliability of noninvasive diagnostic methods for malignant tumor screening, helping to prevent unnecessary invasive procedures and reducing the risk of overdiagnosis and overtreatment in patients with benign nodules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyu Chen
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xi Yu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Yijiao Qu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- Jinan Microecological Biomedicine Shandong Laboratory, Jinan 250000, China
| | - Yiran Wang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Ke Jia
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Qiuyao Du
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Jing Han
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Huihui Liu
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
| | - Xiaoyong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Nanchang University, 999 Xuefu Avenue, Nanchang 330031, China
| | - Xiaozhong Wang
- Jiangxi Province Key Laboratory of Immunology and Inflammation, Jiangxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Laboratory Medicine, Department of Clinical Laboratory, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
| | - Zongxiu Nie
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Living Biosystems, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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Kočišová E, Kuižová A, Procházka M. Analytical applications of droplet deposition Raman spectroscopy. Analyst 2024; 149:3276-3287. [PMID: 38770583 DOI: 10.1039/d4an00336e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024]
Abstract
The droplet deposition methods in Raman spectroscopy have received considerable attention in the field of analytical sensing focusing on effective pre-concentration of the studied analyte (coffee-ring effect or small spots). This review covers different analytical applications of drop-coating deposition Raman scattering (DCDRS) and droplet deposition surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectroscopy. Two main advantages of droplet deposition Raman techniques are considered: the drying-induced segregation of the components from the mixtures (such as body fluids) and the sensitivity of detection of various analytically important molecules. Some recent advanced applications, including clinical cancer diagnosis, are discussed and summarized. Finally, the potential and further perspectives of the droplet deposition Raman methods for analytical studies are introduced.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Kočišová
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Alžbeta Kuižová
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
| | - Marek Procházka
- Charles University, Faculty of Mathematics and Physics, Institute of Physics, Ke Karlovu 5, 121 16 Prague 2, Czech Republic.
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Zhang X, Dong Y, Wang Y, Zhang Z, Zhang X, Zhu JJ, Tian Y, Min Q. Quality Control of Mass-Encoded Nanodevices by Compartmented DNA Origami Frames for Precision Information Coding and Logic Mapping. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2024; 63:e202313446. [PMID: 38038595 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202313446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Encoded nanostructures afford an ideal platform carrying multi-channel signal components for multiplexed assay and information security. However, with the demand on exclusivity and reproducibility of coding signals, precise control on the structure and composition of nanomaterials featuring fully distinguishable signals remains challenging. By using the multiplexing capability of mass spectrometry (MS) and spatial addressability of DNA origami nanostructures, we herein propose a quality control methodology for constructing mass-encoded nanodevices (namely MNTs-TDOFs) in the scaffold of compartmented tetrahedral DNA origami frames (TDOFs), in which the arrangement and stoichiometry of four types of mass nanotags (MNTs) can be finely regulated and customized to generate characteristic MS patterns. The programmability of combinatorial MNTs and orthogonality of individual compartments allows further evolution of MNTs-TDOFs to static tagging agents and dynamic nanoprobes for labeling and sensing of multiple targets. More importantly, structure control at single TDOF level ensures the constancy of prescribed MS outputs, by which a high-capacity coding system was established for secure information encryption and decryption. In addition to the multiplexed outputs in parallel, the nanodevices could also map logic circuits with interconnected complexity and logic events of c-Met recognition and dimerization on cell surface for signaling regulation by MS interrogation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Yuxiang Dong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, P. R. China
| | - Yong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Zhenzhen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Jun-Jie Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Ye Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, P. R. China
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Cournut A, Hosu IS, Braud F, Moustiez P, Coffinier Y, Enjalbal C, Bich C. Development of nanomaterial enabling highly sensitive surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry peptide analysis. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2023; 37:e9476. [PMID: 36656736 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (SALDI-MS) is an approach derived from matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-MS which overcomes the drawbacks associated with the use of organic matrices required to co-crystallize with the analytes. Indeed, nanomaterials commonly used in SALDI-MS as inert surfaces to promote desorption/ionization (D/I) ensure straightforward direct deposition of samples while providing mass spectra with ions only related to the compound of interest. The objective of this study was to develop a novel SALDI-MS approach based on steel plates that are surfaces very rapidly and easily tuned to perform the most efficient peptide detection as possible. To compare the SALDI efficacy of such metal substrates, D/I efficiency and deposit homogeneity were evaluated according to steel plate fabrication processes. METHODS The studied surfaces were nanostructured steel plates that were chemically modified by perfluorosilane and textured according to different frequencies and laser writing powers. The capacity of each tested 100 surfaces was demonstrated by comparative analyses of a mixture of standard peptides (m/z 600-3000) performed with a MALDI-TOF instrument enabling MALDI, SALDI and imaging experiments. RESULTS A peptide mix was used to screen the different surfaces depending on their D/I efficiency and their ability to ensure homogeneous deposit of the samples. For that purpose, deposition homogeneity was visualized owing to reconstructed ionic images from all protonated or sodiated ions of the 10 peptides constituting the standard mix. CONCLUSIONS Seven surfaces were then selected satisfying the required D/I efficiency and deposit homogeneity criteria. Results obtained with these optimal surfaces were then compared with those recorded by MALDI-MS analyses used as references.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aline Cournut
- Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, IBMM, UMR 5247, Montpellier, France
| | - Ioana Silvia Hosu
- Bioresources Department, National Institute for Research and Development in Chemistry and Petrochemistry, Bucharest, Romania
| | - Flavie Braud
- Univ. Lille, CNRS, UMR 8520 - IEMN, Lille, France
| | | | | | | | - Claudia Bich
- Univ. Montpellier, CNRS, ENSCM, IBMM, UMR 5247, Montpellier, France
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Yang M, Chen D, Hu J, Zheng X, Lin ZJ, Zhu H. The application of coffee-ring effect in analytical chemistry. Trends Analyt Chem 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2022.116752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/15/2022]
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6
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Ma G, Zhao X, Guo M, Liu Y, Shi K, Guo C, Pan Y. 6-Glycosylaminoquinoline-assisted LDI MS for detection and imaging of small molecules with enhanced detection selectivity and sensitivity. Anal Chim Acta 2022; 1201:339620. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2022.339620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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Maghari S, Reimhult E, Ghezellou P, Ghassempour A. Modifying superparamagnetic iron oxide and silica nanoparticles surfaces for efficient (MA)LDI-MS analyses of peptides and proteins. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2022; 36:e9212. [PMID: 34661948 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.9212] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2021] [Revised: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE Surface functionalization is considered to be the foundation for developing nanomaterial applications in matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS) analyses. However, the surface properties of nanostructures can influence their interaction with the analyte and consequently the mass data. In the present study, functionalized nanoparticles (NPs) were used for MALDI-MS and laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) experiments in order to evaluate the effect of the surface properties of NPs on tailoring the intensity of mass signals. METHODS Regarding the LDI-MS analyses, the surface of superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) was coated with nitrosonium tetrafluoroborate, citric acid, nitrodopamine, and gallic acid. Additionally, the SPIONs were applied as a matrix to analyze three small peptides. In the MALDI-MS analyses, silica NPs were selected as co-matrix and functionalized with cysteine, sulfobetaine, and amine alkoxysilanes. Then, the silica NPs were utilized as additives in the MALDI-MS samples of four proteins in a mass range between ~2000 and 60,000 Da. RESULTS The results of LDI-MS analyses demonstrated more than one order enhancement in the signal intensity of analytes based on the amount of electrostatic interaction and laser energy absorption by the surface ligands. However, those of MALDI-MS experiments indicated a significant signal improvement when achieving the colloidal stability of silica NPs in the matrix solution. CONCLUSIONS Based on the results, the surface properties of NPs affected the (MA)LDI-MS analyses indispensably. Finally, the functionalization of SPIONs represented a new model for the future development of NPs with both affinity and enhanced ionization abilities in mass spectrometry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shokoofeh Maghari
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Erik Reimhult
- Department of Nanobiotechnology, Institute for Biologically Inspired Materials, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Austria
| | - Parviz Ghezellou
- Institute of Inorganic and Analytical Chemistry, Justus Liebig University Giessen, Germany
| | - Alireza Ghassempour
- Department of Phytochemistry, Medicinal Plants and Drugs Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
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8
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Kakuta T, Manyuan N, Kawasaki H. UV-Absorbing Ligand Capped Gold Nanoparticles for the SALDI-MS Analysis of Small Molecules. Mass Spectrom (Tokyo) 2022; 11:A0107. [PMID: 36713807 PMCID: PMC9853113 DOI: 10.5702/massspectrometry.a0107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
Abstract
We report that modifying the surface of gold nanoparticles (Au NPs) with 2-mercaptopyridine-3-carboxylic acid (MPyCA) enhances surface-assisted laser desorption/ionization (SALDI) performance in the analysis of small molecules. The MPyCA ligand has a strong UV absorbance at the wavelengths of the typical MALDI laser at 337 nm, resulting in efficient thermal/energy transfer from the Au NPs to analytes during pulse-laser irradiation. In addition, the MPyCA ligand contains carboxylic acid and pyridine groups, providing affinity to various analytes through acid-base interactions. Irganox1010, glucose and meropenem were utilized as model analytes to evaluate SALDI performance because these molecules are generally ionized with difficulty by conventional MALDI-MS. Our results demonstrate that the MPyCA-Au NP based SALDI-MS could detect Irganox1010, glucose and meropenem with stronger ion peaks for these molecules compared to MALDI-MS using CHCA. The limit of detection (LOD) for meropenem was much lower in the case of SALDI (LOD=1 ng/mL) compared to MALDI (LOD=10 μg/mL).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomomi Kakuta
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Nichayanan Manyuan
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan
| | - Hideya Kawasaki
- Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, Osaka, Japan,Correspondence to: Hideya Kawasaki, Department of Chemistry and Materials Engineering, Faculty of Chemistry, Materials and Bioengineering, Kansai University, 3–3–35 Yamate-cho, Suita, Osaka 564–8680, Japan, e-mail:
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Wang X, Zhang W, Wang S, Liu W, Liu N, Zhang D. A visual cardiovascular biomarker detection strategy based on distance as readout by the coffee-ring effect on microfluidic paper. Biochem Eng J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2021.108176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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10
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Guo L, Xiao C, Li J, Lin X, Zhao N, Wang X, Dong L, Guo X. Re-exploring α-Cyano-4-Hydroxycinnamic Acid as a Reactive Matrix for Selective Detection of Glutathione via MALDI-MS. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:2837-2841. [PMID: 34761928 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00261] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Herein, we re-explored α-cyano-4-hydroxycinnamic acid (CHCA) as a reactive matrix for selective and sensitive analysis of glutathione (GSH) by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (MALDI-MS). CHCA efficiently reacted with GSH, and the resulting CHCA-GSH conjugate was readily detected by MALDI-MS without interferences. The detection limit of the CHCA-GSH conjugate decreased to 200 pmol μL-1, which was 2 orders of magnitude lower than that of pure GSH.Forapplication, CHCA was successfully applied for the detection of GSH, present in HepG2 cell lysates. The results demonstrated detection advantages of simple, high-throughput, and selective and screening of GSH in biological samples by MALDI-MS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liming Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Chunsheng Xiao
- Key Laboratory of Polymer Ecomaterials, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, China
| | - Jiarui Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xi Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Nan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinyu Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Lejuan Dong
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
| | - Xinhua Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
- Key Laboratory for Molecular Enzymology and Engineering of the Ministry of Education, College of Life Science, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, China
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Perrin L, Akanno A, Guzman E, Ortega F, Rubio RG. Pattern Formation upon Evaporation of Sessile Droplets of Polyelectrolyte/Surfactant Mixtures on Silicon Wafers. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:7953. [PMID: 34360724 PMCID: PMC8347912 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22157953] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Revised: 07/20/2021] [Accepted: 07/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The formation of coffee-ring deposits upon evaporation of sessile droplets containing mixtures of poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDADMAC) and two different anionic surfactants were studied. This process is driven by the Marangoni stresses resulting from the formation of surface-active polyelectrolyte-surfactant complexes in solution and the salt arising from the release of counterions. The morphologies of the deposits appear to be dependent on the surfactant concentration, independent of their chemical nature, and consist of a peripheral coffee ring composed of PDADMAC and PDADMAC-surfactant complexes, and a secondary region of dendrite-like structures of pure NaCl at the interior of the residue formed at the end of the evaporation. This is compatible with a hydrodynamic flow associated with the Marangoni stress from the apex of the drop to the three-phase contact line for those cases in which the concentration of the complexes dominates the surface tension, whereas it is reversed when most of the PDADMAC and the complexes have been deposited at the rim and the bulk contains mainly salt.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lionel Perrin
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (E.G.); (F.O.)
- Institute Lumière Matière, Claude Bernard University Lyon 1, Bâtiment Alfred Kastler—4ème Etage Domaine Scientifique de La Doua, 10 Rue Ada Byron, CEDEX, 69622 Villeurbanne, France
| | - Andrew Akanno
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (E.G.); (F.O.)
| | - Eduardo Guzman
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (E.G.); (F.O.)
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Paseo Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco Ortega
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (E.G.); (F.O.)
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Paseo Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Ramon G. Rubio
- Departamento de Química Física, Facultad de Ciencias Químicas, Universidad Complutense, Ciudad Universitaria s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain; (A.A.); (E.G.); (F.O.)
- Instituto Pluridisciplinar, Universidad Complutense, Paseo Juan XXIII 1, 28040 Madrid, Spain
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Yukird J, Kaminsky CJ, Chailapakul O, Rodthongkum N, Vachet RW. Enhanced and Selective MALDI-MS Detection of Peptides via the Nanomaterial-Dependent Coffee Ring Effect. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2021; 32:1780-1788. [PMID: 34048651 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.1c00132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Nanomaterials have been explored as alternative matrices in MALDI-MS to overcome some of the limitations of conventional matrices. Recently, we demonstrated a new means by which nanomaterials can improve peptide ionization and detection in MALDI-MS analyses by exploiting the tendency of nanomaterials to form "coffee rings" upon drying from liquids. In the current work, we investigate how nanomaterial size and composition affect the signal enhancement of peptides through the coffee-ring effect. From studies of eight different types of nanomaterials ranging in size and composition, we find that most nanomaterials can provide signal enhancement ranging from 2- to 10-fold for individual peptides, as long as a coffee ring is formed. However, when a mixture of peptides is present in a sample, the signal enhancement is the greatest for peptides whose net charge is complementary to the nanomaterial's surface charge. These results suggest that careful design of NM surface properties could allow for selective, enhanced MALDI-MS detection of specific peptides in complex mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jutiporn Yukird
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Cameron J Kaminsky
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
| | - Orawon Chailapakul
- Electrochemistry and Optical Spectroscopy Center of Excellence, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Nadnudda Rodthongkum
- Metallurgy and Materials Science Research Institute, Chulalongkorn University, Phayathai Road, Patumwan, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
- Center of Excellence in Responsive Wearable Materials, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Richard W Vachet
- Department of Chemistry, University of Massachusetts Amherst, Amherst, Massachusetts 01003, United States
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ZHAO YZ, XU Y, GONG C, JU YR, LIU ZX, XU X. Analysis of Small Molecule Compounds by Matrix-assisted Laser Desorption Ionization Mass Spectrometry with Fe3O4 Nanoparticles as Matrix. CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2040(20)60074-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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14
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Banstola B, Murray KK. A nanoparticle co-matrix for multiple charging in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization imaging of tissue. RAPID COMMUNICATIONS IN MASS SPECTROMETRY : RCM 2021; 35 Suppl 1:e8424. [PMID: 30822818 DOI: 10.1002/rcm.8424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 02/24/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
RATIONALE A two-component matrix of 2-nitrophloroglucinol (2-NPG) and silica nanoparticles was used for matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry imaging of high-charge-state biomolecules in tissue. Potential advantages include increased effective mass range and efficiency of fragmentation. METHODS A mixture of 2-NPG matrix and silica nanoparticles was applied to cyrosectioned 10 μm thick mouse brain tissue. The mixture was pipetted onto the tissue for profiling and sprayed for tissue imaging. MALDI images were obtained under high vacuum in a commercial time-of-flight mass spectrometer. RESULTS The combined 2-NPG and nanoparticle matrix produced highly charged ions from tissue with high-vacuum MALDI. Nanoparticles of 20, 70, 400, and 1000 nm in diameter were tested, the 20 nm particles producing the highest charge states. Images of mouse brain tissue obtained from highly charged ions show similar spatial localization. CONCLUSIONS The combined 2-NPG and nanoparticle matrix produces highly charged ions from tissue through a mechanism that may rely on the high surface area of the particles which can dry the tissue, and their ability to bind analyte molecules thereby assisting in crystal formation and production of multiply charged ions on laser irradiation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijay Banstola
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
| | - Kermit K Murray
- Department of Chemistry, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA, 70803, USA
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15
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Distance-based quantification of miRNA-21 by the coffee-ring effect using paper devices. Mikrochim Acta 2020; 187:513. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-020-04500-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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16
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Song L, Huang Y, Nie Z, Chen T. Macroscopic two-dimensional monolayer films of gold nanoparticles: fabrication strategies, surface engineering and functional applications. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:7433-7460. [PMID: 32219290 DOI: 10.1039/c9nr09420b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
In the last few decades, two-dimensional monolayer films of gold nanoparticles (2D MFGS) have attracted increasing attention in various fields, due to their superior attributes of macroscopic size and accessible fabrication, controllable electromagnetic enhancement, distinctive optical harvesting and electron transport capabilities. This review will focus on the recent progress of 2D monolayer films of gold nanoparticles in construction approaches, surface engineering strategies and functional applications in the optical and electric fields. The research challenges and prospective directions of 2D MFGS are also discussed. This review would promote a better understanding of 2D MFGS and establish a necessary bridge among the multidisciplinary research fields.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Song
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
| | - Youju Huang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China. and College of Materials, Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311121, China and National Engineering Research Centre for Advanced Polymer Processing Technology, Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Mold (Zhengzhou University), Ministry of Education, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450002, P. R. China
| | - Zhihong Nie
- State Key Laboratory of Molecular Engineering of Polymers, Department of Macromolecular Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200438, P. R. China.
| | - Tao Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Related Technologies, Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Marine Materials and Protective Technologies, Ningbo Institute of Material Technology and Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Ningbo, 315201, China.
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17
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Nanoparticle-based surface assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry: a review. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:682. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-019-3770-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2019] [Accepted: 08/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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18
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Hussain A, Sun DW, Pu H. SERS detection of urea and ammonium sulfate adulterants in milk with coffee ring effect. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2019; 36:851-862. [DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2019.1591643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abid Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongbin Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, PR China
- Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou, PR China
- Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou, China
- Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology (FRCFT), Agriculture and Food Science Centre, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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19
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Magnetic silica nanoparticles for use in matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization mass spectrometry of labile biomolecules such as oligosaccharides, amino acids, peptides and nucleosides. Mikrochim Acta 2019; 186:104. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-3208-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Accepted: 12/23/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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20
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Zhang D, Gao B, Zhao C, Liu H. Visualized Quantitation of Trace Nucleic Acids Based on the Coffee-Ring Effect on Colloid-Crystal Substrates. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2019; 35:248-253. [PMID: 30512960 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b03609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
We report a visualized quantitative detection method for nucleic acid amplification tests based on the coffee-ring effect on colloid-crystal substrates. The solution for loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) of DNA is drop cast on a colloid-crystal surface. After complete drying, a coffee ring containing the LAMP byproduct (i.e., magnesium pyrophosphate) is formed, and it is found that the width of the coffee ring is linearly correlated to the logarithm of the original DNA concentration before the isothermal amplification. Importantly, compared with other substrates, we found that the colloid-crystal substrate is an appropriate substrate for carrying out the assay of high sensitivity. On the basis of these findings, we develop a coffee-ring-based assay for quantitative readout of trace DNA in a sample. The assay requires 0.50 μL of the sample and is completed in 5 min in a homemade chamber with constant humidity. Semiquantitative detection of trace DNA is performed using naked eyes. With the use of a smartphone, the DNA in a sample can be quantitatively detected with a limit of detection of 20 copies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Bingbing Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Chao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering , Southeast University , Nanjing 210096 , China
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21
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Lauer F, Diehn S, Seifert S, Kneipp J, Sauerland V, Barahona C, Weidner S. Multivariate Analysis of MALDI Imaging Mass Spectrometry Data of Mixtures of Single Pollen Grains. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2018; 29:2237-2247. [PMID: 30043358 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-018-2036-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2018] [Revised: 06/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Mixtures of pollen grains of three different species (Corylus avellana, Alnus cordata, and Pinus sylvestris) were investigated by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight imaging mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF imaging MS). The amount of pollen grains was reduced stepwise from > 10 to single pollen grains. For sample pretreatment, we modified a previously applied approach, where any additional extraction steps were omitted. Our results show that characteristic pollen MALDI mass spectra can be obtained from a single pollen grain, which is the prerequisite for a reliable pollen classification in practical applications. MALDI imaging of laterally resolved pollen grains provides additional information by reducing the complexity of the MS spectra of mixtures, where frequently peak discrimination is observed. Combined with multivariate statistical analyses, such as principal component analysis (PCA), our approach offers the chance for a fast and reliable identification of individual pollen grains by mass spectrometry. Graphical Abstract ᅟ.
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Affiliation(s)
- Franziska Lauer
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Sabrina Diehn
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Stephan Seifert
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Janina Kneipp
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany
- Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Brook-Taylor-Straße 2, 12489, Berlin, Germany
| | - Volker Sauerland
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 4, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Cesar Barahona
- Bruker Daltonik GmbH, Fahrenheitstraße 4, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Steffen Weidner
- Bundesanstalt für Materialforschung und-prüfung (BAM), Richard-Willstätter-Straße 11, 12489, Berlin, Germany.
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22
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Huang S, Chen G, Ou R, Qin S, Wang F, Zhu F, Ouyang G. Ultrathin Self-Assembled Diphenylalanine Nanosheets through a Gold-Stabilized Strategy for High-Efficiency Adsorption/Desorption/Ionization. Anal Chem 2018; 90:8607-8615. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01855] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Siming Huang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Guosheng Chen
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Ruoheng Ou
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Su Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fuxin Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Fang Zhu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
| | - Gangfeng Ouyang
- Key Laboratory for Water Quality and Conservation of the Pearl River Delta, Ministry of Education; Institute of Environmental Research at Greater Bay, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- MOE Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic and Synthetic Chemistry/KLGHEI of Environment and Energy Chemistry, School of Chemistry, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510275, China
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23
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Calvano CD, Monopoli A, Cataldi TRI, Palmisano F. MALDI matrices for low molecular weight compounds: an endless story? Anal Bioanal Chem 2018; 410:4015-4038. [DOI: 10.1007/s00216-018-1014-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 97] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2017] [Revised: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 03/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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24
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Nanoparticle assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry for small molecule analytes. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:200. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2687-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2017] [Accepted: 01/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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25
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Zhang D, Gao B, Chen Y, Liu H. Converting colour to length based on the coffee-ring effect for quantitative immunoassays using a ruler as readout. LAB ON A CHIP 2018; 18:271-275. [PMID: 29236123 DOI: 10.1039/c7lc01127j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We report a method for converting the colorimetric results of an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) into length based on the coffee-ring effect, so that the quantitative detection of analytes can be carried out simply using a ruler. The influence of the shape and lamination of the paper strip on the test results is studied. As a demonstration, human IgG is quantitatively analyzed. It is found that the width of the colored stains correlates with the concentration of the analyte which can be measured for quantitative analysis. The method is promising for quantitative point-of-care detection of biomarkers under resource-limited settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics, School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China.
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26
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Zhang D, Ma B, Tang L, Liu H. Toward Quantitative Chemical Analysis Using a Ruler on Paper: An Approach to Transduce Color to Length Based on Coffee-Ring Effect. Anal Chem 2018; 90:1482-1486. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.7b03790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dagan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Biao Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Litianyi Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
| | - Hong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics,
School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 210096, China
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27
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Kang K, Jang H, Kim YK. The influence of polydopamine coating on gold nanorods for laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometric analysis. Analyst 2017; 142:2372-2377. [DOI: 10.1039/c7an00356k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The influence of polydopamine (PD) coating on gold nanorods (GNRs) for laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry (LDI-MS) analysis was systematically investigated to reveal its role in the LDI-MS analysis process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kyungtae Kang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- Kyung Hee University
- Yongin
- South Korea
| | - Hongje Jang
- Department of Chemistry
- Kwangwoon University
- Seoul 139-701
- Korea
| | - Young-Kwan Kim
- Carbon Composite Materials Research Center
- Institute of Advanced Composite Materials
- Korea Institute of Science and Technology
- Wanju-gun
- Korea
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