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Wang X, Wang W, Wingen LM, Perraud V, Finlayson-Pitts BJ. Top-down versus bottom-up oxidation of a neonicotinoid pesticide by OH radicals. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2024; 121:e2312930121. [PMID: 38315860 PMCID: PMC10873643 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2312930121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 02/07/2024] Open
Abstract
Emerging contaminants (EC) distributed on surfaces in the environment can be oxidized by gas phase species (top-down) or by oxidants generated by the underlying substrate (bottom-up). One class of EC is the neonicotinoid (NN) pesticides that are widely distributed in air, water, and on plant and soil surfaces as well as on airborne dust and building materials. This study investigates the OH oxidation of the systemic NN pesticide acetamiprid (ACM) at room temperature. ACM on particles and as thin films on solid substrates were oxidized by OH radicals either from the gas phase or from an underlying TiO2 or NaNO2 substrate, and for comparison, in the aqueous phase. The site of OH attack is both the secondary >CH2 group as well as the primary -CH3 group attached to the tertiary amine nitrogen, with the latter dominating. In the case of top-down oxidation of ACM by gas phase OH radicals, addition to the -CN group also occurs. Major products are carbonyls and alcohols, but in the presence of sufficient water, their hydrolyzed products dominate. Kinetics measurements show ACM is more reactive toward gas phase OH radicals than other NN nitroguanidines, with an atmospheric lifetime of a few days. Bottom-up oxidation of ACM on TiO2 exposed to sunlight outdoors (temperatures were above 30 °C) was also shown to occur and is likely to be competitive with top-down oxidation. These findings highlight the different potential oxidation processes for EC and provide key data for assessing their environmental fates and toxicologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinke Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697-2025
| | - Weihong Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697-2025
| | - Lisa M. Wingen
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697-2025
| | - Véronique Perraud
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Irvine, CA92697-2025
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Can K, Can Z, Üzer A, Apak R. Visual colorimetric sensor for nitroguanidine detection based on hydrogen bonding-induced aggregation of uric acid-functionalized gold nanoparticles. Talanta 2023; 260:124585. [PMID: 37119798 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.124585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 04/20/2023] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
A colorimetric assay is proposed for the quantification of nitroguanidine (NQ), based on triggering the aggregation of uric acid-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs@UA) by intermolecular hydrogen bonding interaction between uric acid (UA) and NQ. The red-to-purplish blue (lavender) color change of AuNPs@UA with increasing NQ concentrations could be perceived with the naked eye or detected by UV-vis spectrophotometry. The absorbance versus concentration correlation gave a linear calibration curve in the range of 0.6-3.2 mg L-1 NQ, with a correlation coefficient of 0.9995. The detection limit of the developed method was 0.063 mg L-1, lower than those of noble metal aggregation methods in the literature. The synthesized and modified AuNPs were characterized using UV-vis spectrophotometry, scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Some critical parameters such as modification conditions of AuNPs, UA concentration, solvent environment, pH, and reaction time were optimized for the proposed method. The non-interference of common explosives (i.e., nitroaromatic, nitramine, nitrate ester, insensitive and inorganic explosives), common soil and groundwater ions (Na+, K+, Ca2+, Mg2+, Cu2+, Fe2+, Fe3+, Cl-, NO3-, SO42-, CO32-, PO43-) and possible interfering compounds (used as camouflage agents for explosives; D-(+)-glucose, sweeteners, acetylsalicylic acid (aspirin), household powder detergents, and paracetamol) on the proposed method was demonstrated, proving that the procedure was fairly selective for NQ, due to special hydrogen bonding interactions between UA-functionalized AuNPs and NQ. Finally, the proposed spectrophotometric method was applied to NQ-contaminated soil, and the obtained results were statistically compared with those of the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometric (LC-MS/MS) method in the literature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kader Can
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ziya Can
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşem Üzer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey.
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Avcilar, 34320, Istanbul, Turkey; Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Bayraktar Neighborhood, Vedat Dalokay St. No:112, Çankaya, 06670, Ankara, Turkey.
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Mary Celin S, Sharma B, Bhanot P, Kalsi A, Sahai S, Tanwar RK. Trends in environmental monitoring of high explosives present in soil/sediment/groundwater using LC-MS/MS. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2022:e21778. [PMID: 35657034 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Accepted: 04/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Environmental contamination by explosives occurs due to improper handling and disposal procedures. Explosives and their transformation products pose threat to human health and the ecosystem. Trace level detection of explosives present in different environmental matrices is a challenge, due to the interference caused by matrix components and the presence of cocontaminants. Liquid chromatography combined with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) is an advanced analytical tool, which is ideal for quantitative and qualitative detection of explosives and its metabolites at trace levels. This review aims to showcase the current trends in the application of LC-MS/MS for detecting explosives present in soil, sediment, and groundwater with detection limits ranging from nano to femtogram levels. Specificity and advantages of using LC-MS/MS over conventional analytical methods and various processing methods and techniques used for sample preparation are discussed in this article. Important application aspects of LC-MS/MS on environmental monitoring include site characterization and degradation evaluation. Studies on qualitative and quantitative LC-MS/MS analysis in determining the efficiency of treatment processes and contamination mapping, optimized conditions of LC and MS/MS adopted, role of different ionization techniques and mass analyzers in detection of explosives and its metabolites, relative abundance of various product ions formed on dissociation and the levels of detection achieved are reviewed. Ionization suppression, matrix effect, additive selection are some of the major factors which influence MS/MS detection. A summary of challenges and future research insights for effective utilization of this technique in the environmental monitoring of explosives are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- Senthil Mary Celin
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Bhumika Sharma
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Pallvi Bhanot
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Anchita Kalsi
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Sandeep Sahai
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
| | - Rajesh Kumar Tanwar
- Modelling Simulation and Explosive Safety research Group (MS&ESRG), Centre for Fire Explosive and Environment Safety (CFEES), DRDO, Delhi, India
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Alassane Moussa AK, Sağlam Ş, Üzer A, Apak R. A novel electrochemical sensor for nitroguanidine determination using a glassy carbon electrode modified with multi-walled carbon nanotubes and polyvinylpyrrolidone. NEW J CHEM 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2nj00697a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The GC/PVP/MWCNTs electrode is the first electrode for the electrochemical determination of insensitive explosive nitroguanidine using intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdoul Kader Alassane Moussa
- Institute of Graduate Studies, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Şener Sağlam
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ayşem Üzer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Reşat Apak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering, Istanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, 34320 Avcilar, Istanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA), Bayraktar Neighborhood, Vedat Dalokay St. No: 112, Çankaya, 06690 Ankara, Turkey
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Nikolaev V, Sladkevich S, Divina U, Prikhodchenko PV, Gasser G, Falciola L, Longhi M, Lev O. LC-MS analysis of nitroguanidine compounds by catalytic reduction using palladium modified graphitic carbon nitride catalyst. Mikrochim Acta 2021; 188:152. [PMID: 33813615 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-021-04814-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 03/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
The analysis of compounds of the nitroguanidine family at trace level poses an analytical challenge. Nitroguanidine, 1-methyl-3-nitroguanidine, and 1-methyl-3-nitro-1-nitrosoguanidine, which are addressed in this article, have low lipophilicity, with log(Kow) equal to -0.89, - 0.84, and 0.68, respectively, and as such are not amenable for preconcentration from water. Liquid-liquid extraction and SPE fail to concentrate them from water and it is also not possible to extract them by ion exchange resin even after a pH change. Nitroguanidine and 1-methyl-3-nitroguanidine nitramines are explosives of growing use and thereby growing environmental concern due to lower detonation sensitivity compared to RDX. A sensitive method for the determination of nitroguanidine, 1-methyl-3-nitroguanidine, and 1-methyl-3-nitroso-1-nitroguanidine by reduction to the respective amines and subsequent hydrophobization by derivatization with 4-nitrobenzaldehyde followed by LC-ESI-MS analysis is described. Reduction by sodium borohydride using palladium modified graphitic carbon nitride (Pd/g-C3N4) provided improved sensitivity compared to the traditional palladium modified activated carbon due to the lower adsorption of the reduction products on the carbon nitride substrate. The limit of detection of the method was 10 ng L-1 for nitroguanidine, and repeated analyses of spiked effluents and contaminated spring water gave relative standard deviations of 8.8% and 6.5%, respectively. The findings illuminate the great promise of Pd/g-C3N4 as a reduction catalyst for the determination of challenging hydrophilic organic contaminants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vitaly Nikolaev
- The Institute Chemistry, The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Sergey Sladkevich
- The Institute Chemistry, The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Uliana Divina
- The Institute Chemistry, The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel
| | - Petr V Prikhodchenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninskii prosp. 31, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Guy Gasser
- The Institute Chemistry, The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.,Water Monitoring Laboratory, Israel Water Authority, 7528809, Rishon Lezion, Israel
| | - Luigi Falciola
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Mariangela Longhi
- Dipartimento di Chimica, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Golgi 19, 20133, Milan, Italy
| | - Ovadia Lev
- The Institute Chemistry, The Casali Center of Applied Chemistry, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Edmond J. Safra Campus, 9190401, Jerusalem, Israel.
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Fan J, Meng Z, Dong X, Xue M, Qiu L, Liu X, Zhong F, He X. Colorimetric screening of nitramine explosives by molecularly imprinted photonic crystal array. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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Moini M. Applications of liquid-based separation in conjunction with mass spectrometry to the analysis of forensic evidence. Electrophoresis 2018. [PMID: 29529344 DOI: 10.1002/elps.201700501] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In the past few years, there has been a significant effort by the forensic science community to develop new scientific techniques for the analysis of forensic evidence. Forensic chemists have been spearheaded to develop information-rich confirmatory technologies and techniques and apply them to a broad array of forensic challenges. The purpose of these confirmatory techniques is to provide alternatives to presumptive techniques that rely on data such as color changes, pattern matching, or retention time alone, which are prone to more false positives. To this end, the application of separation techniques in conjunction with mass spectrometry has played an important role in the analysis of forensic evidence. Moreover, in the past few years the role of liquid separation techniques, such as liquid chromatography and capillary electrophoresis in conjunction with mass spectrometry, has gained significant tractions and have been applied to a wide range of chemicals, from small molecules such as drugs and explosives, to large molecules such as proteins. For example, proteomics and peptidomics have been used for identification of humans, organs, and bodily fluids. A wide range of HPLC techniques including reversed phase, hydrophilic interaction, mixed-mode, supercritical fluid, multidimensional chromatography, and nanoLC, as well as several modes of capillary electrophoresis mass spectrometry, including capillary zone electrophoresis, partial filling, full filling, and micellar electrokenetic chromatography have been applied to the analysis drugs, explosives, and questioned documents. In this article, we review recent (2015-2017) applications of liquid separation in conjunction with mass spectrometry to the analysis of forensic evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Moini
- Department of Forensic Sciences, George Washington University, Washington, D.C., USA
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