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Liu S, Guo Y, Jiang Y, Gong Y, Hu Q, Yu L. Single-Chain Conjugated Polymer Guests Confined inside Metal-Organic Frameworks (MOFs): Boosting the Detection and Degradation of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant. Anal Chem 2024. [PMID: 38301156 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c03588] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2024]
Abstract
Real-time detection and effective degradation of toxic gases have attracted considerable attention in environmental monitoring and human health. Here, we demonstrate a solvent-assisted dynamic assembly strategy to strongly enhance the detection and degradation performance for 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES, as a sulfur mustard simulant) via confinement of a conjugated polymer in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The conjugated polymer poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene-altbenzothiadiazole) (F8BT) is infiltrated into one-dimensional nanochannels of the Zr-based topological MOF NU-1000 in a single-chain manner, which is caused by the nanoconfinement effect and the steric hindrance between 9,9-dioctylfluorene units and benzothiadiazole units. The obtained F8BT⊂NU-1000 composites provide a high specific surface area and abundant active sites. Based on the cooperative effect of F8BT and NU-1000, rapid and sensitive detection of CEES has been achieved. Moreover, the F8BT⊂NU-1000 composites can selectively oxidize CEES into 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfoxide (CEESO) under mild photooxidation conditions. Overall, this study opens a new avenue for the fabrication of conjugated polymer/MOF hybrid materials that show great potential for the sensitive detection and effective removal of hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuya Liu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Yongxian Guo
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Yifei Jiang
- Hangzhou Institute of Medicine (HIM), Zhejiang Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310022, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Qiongzheng Hu
- Shandong Analysis and Test Center, Qilu University of Technology (Shandong Academy of Sciences), Jinan 250014, China
| | - Li Yu
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry, Ministry of Education, Shandong University, Jinan 250100, China
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2
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Hu X, Ke Y, Ye H, Zhu B, Rodrigues J, Sheng R. Toward public security monitoring: A perspective of optical molecular probes for phosgene and mustard gas detection. DYES AND PIGMENTS 2023; 216:111379. [DOI: https:/doi.org/10.1016/j.dyepig.2023.111379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
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3
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Zhang Q, Lv J, Xia J, Wang L, Qu G, Yang Y, Yang Y, Liu S. Rapid detection of carbamate nerve agent analogues using dually functionalized gold nanoclusters. Anal Bioanal Chem 2023:10.1007/s00216-023-04707-6. [PMID: 37266687 DOI: 10.1007/s00216-023-04707-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Carbamate nerve agents (CMNAs) are a type of lethal cholinesterase inhibitor with one or more quaternary amine centres and aromatic rings. CMNAs have been recently added to the Annex on Chemicals of the Chemical Weapons Convention (CWC) and Schedules of Controlled Chemicals of China. In this study, a rapid, sensitive and selective method was developed for the fluorescence detection of ambenonium chloride (AC) through host-guest and electrostatic dual interactions between AC and cyclodextrin/11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (CD/MUA) dually functionalized gold nanoclusters (AuNCs). Through this method, AC was detected with a limit of detection of 10.0 ng/mL. Method evaluation showed high selectivity towards AC over other related compounds. The practical applicability was verified, as satisfactory recoveries were obtained for AC spiked in river water and urine, as well as Proficiency Test samples from Organisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW). In addition, a fluorescence sensing array comprising four AuNCs was designed to distinguish six carbamates and structurally similar compounds. This method provides a potential approach for the rapid, sensitive and selective recognition and detection of CMNAs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiaoli Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Jiale Lv
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Junmei Xia
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Liangliang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Gang Qu
- College of Chemical Engineering, Sichuan University of Science and Engineering, Zigong, 643000, China
| | - Yuntao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Yang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Shilei Liu
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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4
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Meng WQ, Sedgwick AC, Kwon N, Sun M, Xiao K, He XP, Anslyn EV, James TD, Yoon J. Fluorescent probes for the detection of chemical warfare agents. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:601-662. [PMID: 36149439 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00650b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 31.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are toxic chemicals that have been intentionally developed for targeted and deadly use on humans. Although intended for military targets, the use of CWAs more often than not results in mass civilian casualties. To prevent further atrocities from occurring during conflicts, a global ban was implemented through the chemical weapons convention, with the aim of eliminating the development, stockpiling, and use of CWAs. Unfortunately, because of their relatively low cost, ease of manufacture and effectiveness on mass populations, CWAs still exist in today's world. CWAs have been used in several recent terrorist-related incidents and conflicts (e.g., Syria). Therefore, they continue to remain serious threats to public health and safety and to global peace and stability. Analytical methods that can accurately detect CWAs are essential to global security measures and for forensic analysis. Small molecule fluorescent probes have emerged as attractive chemical tools for CWA detection, due to their simplicity, ease of use, excellent selectivity and high sensitivity, as well as their ability to be translated into handheld devices. This includes the ability to non-invasively image CWA distribution within living systems (in vitro and in vivo) to permit in-depth evaluation of their biological interactions and allow potential identification of therapeutic countermeasures. In this review, we provide an overview of the various reported fluorescent probes that have been designed for the detection of CWAs. The mechanism for CWA detection, change in optical output and application for each fluorescent probe are described in detail. The limitations and challenges of currently developed fluorescent probes are discussed providing insight into the future development of this research area. We hope the information provided in this review will give readers a clear understanding of how to design a fluorescent probe for the detection of a specific CWA. We anticipate that this will advance our security systems and provide new tools for environmental and toxicology monitoring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Qi Meng
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Adam C Sedgwick
- Chemistry Research Laboratory, University of Oxford, Mansfield Road, OX1 3TA, UK
| | - Nahyun Kwon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Kai Xiao
- Department of Protective Medicine Against Chemical Agents, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University, 800 Xiangying Rd., Shanghai 200433, China.
| | - Xiao-Peng He
- Key Laboratory for Advanced Materials and Joint International Research Laboratory of Precision Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Feringa Nobel Prize Scientist Joint Research Center, Frontiers Center for Materiobiology and Dynamic Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, East China University of Science and Technology, 130 Meilong Rd., Shanghai 200237, China. .,The International Cooperation Laboratory on Signal Transduction, Eastern Hepatobiliary Surgery Hospital, Shanghai 200438, China.,National Center for Liver Cancer, Shanghai 200438, China
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK. .,School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan Normal University, Xinxiang 453007, China
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 120-750, Korea.
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5
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Kumar V, Kim H, Pandey B, James TD, Yoon J, Anslyn EV. Recent advances in fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors for the detection of chemical warfare agents: a legacy of the 21st century. Chem Soc Rev 2023; 52:663-704. [PMID: 36546880 DOI: 10.1039/d2cs00651k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Chemical warfare agents (CWAs) are among the most prominent threats to the human population, our peace, and social stability. Therefore, their detection and quantification are of utmost importance to ensure the security and protection of mankind. In recent years, significant developments have been made in supramolecular chemistry, analytical chemistry, and molecular sensors, which have improved our capability to detect CWAs. Fluorescent and colorimetric chemosensors are attractive tools that allow the selective, sensitive, cheap, portable, and real-time analysis of the potential presence of CWAs, where suitable combinations of selective recognition and transduction can be integrated. In this review, we provide a detailed discussion on recently reported molecular sensors with a specific focus on the sensing of each class of CWAs such as nerve agents, blister agents, blood agents, and other toxicants. We will also discuss the current technology used by military forces, and these discussions will include the type of instrumentation and established protocols. Finally, we will conclude this review with our outlook on the limitations and challenges in the area and summarize the potential of promising avenues for this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Process and Technology Development Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India.
| | - Heejeong Kim
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Bipin Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
| | - Tony D James
- Department of Chemistry, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
| | - Juyoung Yoon
- Department of Chemistry and Nanoscience, Ewha Womans University, Seoul 03760, Korea.
| | - Eric V Anslyn
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712-1224, USA.
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6
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Feng W, Liu XJ, Xue MJ, Song QH. Bifunctional Fluorescent Probes for the Detection of Mustard Gas and Phosgene. Anal Chem 2023; 95:1755-1763. [PMID: 36596643 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c05178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Mustard gas [sulfur mustard (SM)] and phosgene are the most frequently used chemical warfare agents (CWAs), which pose a serious threat to human health and national security, and their rapid and accurate detection is essential to respond to terrorist attacks and industrial accidents. Herein, we developed a fluorescent probe with o-hydroxythioketone as two sensing sites, AQso, which can detect and distinguish mustard gas and phosgene. The dual-sensing-site probe AQso reacts with mustard gas to form a cyclic product with high sensitivity [limit of detection (LOD) = 70 nM] and is highly selective to SM over phosgene, SM analogues, active alkylhalides, acylhalides, and nerve agent mimics, in ethanol solutions. When encountering phosgene, AQso rapidly converts to cyclic carbonate, which is sensitive (LOD = 14 nM) and highly selective. Their sensing mechanisms of AQso to mustard gas and phosgene were well demonstrated by separation and characterization of the sensing products. Furthermore, a facile test strip with the probe was prepared to distinguish 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (CEES) and phosgene in the gas phase by different fluorescence colors and response rates. Not using the complicated instrument, the qualitative and quantitative detection of CEES or phosgene can be achieved only by measuring the red-green-blue (RGB) channel intensity of the test strip after being exposed to CEES or phosgene gas by the smartphone with an RGB color application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Xiao-Jun Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Min-Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, P. R. China
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7
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Grabka M, Witkiewicz Z, Jasek K, Piwowarski K. Acoustic Wave Sensors for Detection of Blister Chemical Warfare Agents and Their Simulants. SENSORS 2022; 22:s22155607. [PMID: 35957163 PMCID: PMC9371173 DOI: 10.3390/s22155607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
On-site detection and initial identification of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) remain difficult despite the many available devices designed for this type of analysis. Devices using well-established analytical techniques such as ion mobility spectrometry, gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry, or flame photometry, in addition to unquestionable advantages, also have some limitations (complexity, high unit cost, lack of selectivity). One of the emerging techniques of CWA detection is based on acoustic wave sensors, among which surface acoustic wave (SAW) devices and quartz crystal microbalances (QCM) are of particular importance. These devices allow for the construction of undemanding and affordable gas sensors whose selectivity, sensitivity, and other metrological parameters can be tailored by application of particular coating material. This review article presents the current state of knowledge and achievements in the field of SAW and QCM-based gas sensors used for the detection of blister agents as well as simulants of these substances. The scope of the review covers the detection of blister agents and their simulants only, as in the available literature no similar paper was found, in contrast to the detection of nerve agents. The article includes description of the principles of operation of acoustic wave sensors, a critical review of individual studies and solutions, and discusses development prospects of this analytical technique in the field of blister agent detection.
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8
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Zheng P, Cao W, Zhang Y, Li F, Zhang M. Ultrafast Sulfur Mustard Simulant Gas Fluorescent Chemosensors Based on Triazole AIEE Material with High Selectivity and Sensitivity at Room Temperature. ACS Sens 2022; 7:1946-1957. [PMID: 35819023 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.2c00708] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a novel blue aggregation-induced enhanced emission (AIEE) material 4-N-(naphthalen-l-yl)-3,5-bis(4-N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine)phenyl-4H-1,2,4-triazole (NDTAZ) is developed and used as a fluorescent chemosensor for sulfur mustard (SM) simulant 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES) vapor. The NDTAZ chemosensor is designed by introducing an electron-donating N-phenyl-1-naphthylamine group at 3 and 5 position of 4H-1,2,4-triazole (TAZ) to enhance the nucleophilicity of the TAZ group, and a naphthalene ring is connected to 4 position of the TAZ group to construct an AIEE molecule. The NDTAZ films show extraordinary stability and then are further used as reliable and portable fluorescent chemosensors. Upon exposure to 2-CEES vapor, the NDTAZ chemosensor exhibits an instantaneous fluorescence response (not more than 1 s). What should be noted is that this fluorescent chemosensor realizes the visualized detection of fluorescent color change from blue to green at "room temperature", which is rarely reported. The limit of detection is estimated to be 0.55 ppm, which is below the AEGL-1 (0.6 ppm for 1 min) safety ceiling level to SM exposure. Moreover, the NDTAZ chemosensor shows high selectivity toward 2-CEES vapor over closely related substances, including alkylating agents, aryl halide compounds, sulphur-containing compounds, and nerve agent mimics. More impressively, the NDTAZ chemosensor demonstrates good recyclability by water treatment. Also, the sensing mechanism is adequately proved by using multiple experimental methods and theoretical calculation. In addition, the NDTAZ-based facile filter paper-constructed test strips are fabricated for real-time and on-spot detection of leaked 2-CEES gas specifically. Therefore, this fluorescent chemosensor with excellent sensing performance greatly advances the practical detection of SM species at room temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ping Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Wenjuan Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Yimeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Feng Li
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
| | - Ming Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Supramolecular Structure and Materials, College of Chemistry, Jilin University, Changchun 130012, P. R. China
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9
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Zhu B, Sheng R, Chen T, Rodrigues J, Song QH, Hu X, Zeng L. Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
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10
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Molecular engineered optical probes for chemical warfare agents and their mimics: Advances, challenges and perspectives. Coord Chem Rev 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2022.214527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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11
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Ma X, Lv M, Du F, Wu C, Lou B, Zeid AM, Xu G. Dimeric G-Quadruplex: An Efficient Probe for Ultrasensitive Fluorescence Detection of Mustard Compounds. Anal Chem 2022; 94:4112-4118. [PMID: 35196002 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c00124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Some mustard compounds (mustards) are highly toxic chemical warfare agents. Some are explored as new anticancer drugs. Therefore, the fast, selective, and sensitive detection of mustards is extremely important for public security and cancer therapy. Mustards mostly target the N7 position on the guanine bases of DNA. The guanine-rich G-quadruplex DNA (G4) has been widely studied in the sensing area, and it was found that dimeric G4 (D-G4) could dramatically light up the fluorescence intensity of thioflavin T (ThT). Based on this, we used for the first time the D-G4 DNA as a selective probe for ultrasensitive fluorescence detection of nitrogen mustard (NM). When NM occupies the N7 on guanine, it can block the formation of the D-G4 structure due to the steric hindrance, and hence, it inhibits the combination of D-G4 with ThT, leading to a sharp decrease of fluorescence intensity. The proposed reaction mechanism is proved using ultraviolet-visible (UV-Vis) spectra, circular dichroism (CD) spectra, and polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Herein, the concentration of D-G4/ThT used is as low as 50 nM due to its highly fluorescent performance, enabling both high sensitivity and low cost. NM can be detected with a wide linear range from 10 to 2000 nM. The detection limit of NM reaches a surprisingly low concentration of 6 nM, which is 2 or 3 orders of magnitude lower than that of previously developed fluorescence methods for mustards and simulants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangui Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Mengmeng Lv
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Fangxin Du
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
| | - Cunqi Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Baohua Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China
| | - Abdallah M Zeid
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Guobao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Electroanalytical Chemistry, Changchun Institute of Applied Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130022, Jilin, P. R. China.,University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, Anhui, P. R. China
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12
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Sun J, Li C, Shan W, Wei Y, Liu R, Li H, Cao D, Guo Q, Zhao H, Liu R, Shao B. Construction of a Degradation-Free DNA Conjugated Nanoprobe and Its Application in Rapid Field Screening for Sulfur Mustard. Anal Chem 2021; 93:16735-16740. [PMID: 34874160 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c02553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is a notorious blistering chemical warfare agent. Rapid field screening for trace SM is of vital significance for the detection of antiterrorism and timely treatment. Here, a visual assay for SM was constructed on the basis of its inhibition for the G-quadruplexes/hemin DNAzyme. Specifically, multiple guanine (G)-rich single stranded oligonucleotides (ssODN) named S1 (80% of G in the total bases), i.e., the precursor for G-quadruplex, which could oxide tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) to its green product, were conjugated on the nonfouling polymer brush grafted magnetic beads (MB@P(C-H)). SM could specifically alkylate the N7 and O6 sites of G in the S1; thus, it failed to form the DNAzyme based signal reporter. It was demonstrated that the nonfouling P(C-H) interface on the magnetic bead (MB) could protect the conjugated ssODN from nuclease degradation, thus ensuring its well sensing performance in complex samples. Under the optimized conditions, this method achieved good sensitivity and selectivity with a limit of detection (LOD) as low as 0.26 μmol L-1, and the recoveries ranging from 86% to 117% were obtained for different SM spiked real samples. Above all, this method combining low cost and ready operation could be suited for rapid field SM screening in a wide range of environmental matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiefang Sun
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Chunzheng Li
- Beijing Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Beijing 100850, China
| | - Wenchong Shan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Yaohua Wei
- Department of Biomaterials Science and Technology, MIRA Institute for Biological Technology and Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede 7500AE, Netherlands
| | - Rui Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hui Li
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Dong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Qiaozhen Guo
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China
| | - Huachao Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Runqing Liu
- School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
| | - Bing Shao
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Diagnostic and Traceability Technologies for Food Poisoning, Beijing Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100013, China.,College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China.,School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
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13
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Kingsborough RP, Wrobel AT, Kunz RR. Colourimetry for the sensitive detection of vapour-phase chemicals: State of the art and future trends. Trends Analyt Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2021.116397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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14
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Xue MJ, Wei XZ, Feng W, Xing ZF, Liu SL, Song QH. Sensitive and selective detections of mustard gas and its analogues by 4-mercaptocoumarins as fluorescent chemosensors in both solutions and gas phase. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 416:125789. [PMID: 33894438 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2021] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Mustard gas has been used as a chemical warfare agent for a century, and is the most likely chemical weapon used in wars or by terrorists. Thus, it is important to develop a facile, rapid and highly selective method for the detection of mustard gas. In this paper, two fluorescent probe molecules, 4-mercaptocoumarins, have been developed for rapid and sensitive detections of SM and its analogues (CEES and NH1) in both solutions and gas phase. The sensing reaction is a nucleophilic addition at three-membered hetercyclic sulfonium/ammonium formed from SM, CEES/NH1 in ethanol. Two fluorescent probes (4-mercaptocoumarins, ArSH) in ethanol deprotonate to form thiophenol anions (ArS-) resulting from their low pKa values (3.2-3.4), and the nucleophilic addition of the anion ArS- generates the corresponding thioethers, giving a turn-on fluorescence response. The thiophenol anion can fast sense SM, CEES and NH1 (within 1-4 min) with high sensitivity (~nM level) at 60 °C, and high selectivity through adding a tertiary amine, and two probes exhibit excellent chemical and photostability in detection systems. Furthermore, a facile test strip with the sensor was fabricated for the detection of CEES vapor with rapid response (3 min), high sensitivity (9 ppb) and high selectivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Xiu-Zhi Wei
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China
| | - Zhong-Fang Xing
- The Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- The Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing 102205, PR China
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, PR China.
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15
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Kumar V. Design and development of a prototype for specific naked-eye detection of blister and nerve agents. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:2248-2255. [PMID: 33955978 DOI: 10.1039/d1ay00449b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In view of the strong need to strengthen the national security arising from chemical terrorism, a rapid, specific, and onsite detection of chemical warfare agents (CWAs) employing a simple and easy-to-use kit is of utmost importance. Constant and sincere efforts are being carried out by the scientific community to find reliable techniques/methods for early warning detection. Herein, we designed a prototype technique in the form of a smart and portable chemical weapon detection kit (CWDK) to facilitate rapid and onsite detection. In this portable kit, a range of unique chemical probes were condensed to achieve the specific chromogenic and fluorogenic detection and discrimination of each member of blister and nerve agents. The embodiment of three chemical probes (Fc, SQ, and LH2) was eventually employed in a compact and flexible plastic packaging for detecting the presence of CWAs with the 'naked-eye' in the areas where laboratory services do not normally exist. The CWDK contains dye/reagent vials, sampling assembly, and a UV torch. The convenience and practicality of this technique suggest a great prospect for highly specific sensing of the complete class of CWAs with fast and accurate results in real-time scenarios with a sensitivity much below their lethal dose.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Process and Technology Development Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India.
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16
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Feng W, Li H, Xue MJ, Zhang QL, Liu SL, Song QH. Quinoline-2-thione-based fluorescent probes for selective and sensitive detections of mustard gas and its analogues. Anal Chim Acta 2021; 1159:338440. [PMID: 33867036 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2021.338440] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM, also called as mustard gas (HD)) is a persistent and highly toxic gas used as chemical weapon in wars and military conflicts. Moreover, owing to its simple structure and easy synthesis, it is the most likely chemical agent used by terrorists. For this reason, it is vital important to develop a facile, rapid and reliable detection system for SM. In this paper, we have developed four quinoline-2-thiones as fluorescent probes, 2a-2d, for the detection of SM and its analogues, half sulfur mustard (CEES) and a nitrogen mustard NH1. In the presence of KOH, these quinoline-2-thiones deprotonated to quinoline-2-thiophenol anions, which react with SM and its analogues rapidly to form quinoline-2-thiethers with highly efficient fluorescence, giving turn-on fluorescence response. The sensing products with CEES were isolated and fully characterized, thereby, the sensing mechanism was firmly established. The fluorescent probes with 4-trifluoromethyl group, 2b and 2d, exhibit rapid response to SM, CEES and NH1 (within 1 min at 60 °C for CEES and NH1), high sensitivity (limit of detection, 50 nM for SM and 20 nM for NH1) and high selectivity. Furthermore, polymer film test strips were fabricated with probe-embedded poly(ethylene oxide) for the detection of CEES vapor. These test strips displayed a rapid response (<4 min) to gaseous CEES with high sensitivity (0.2 ppm) and high selectivity. These results show that fluorescent probes 2b and 2d have a good application prospect in the field detection of mustard gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Feng
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Hao Li
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Min-Jie Xue
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China
| | - Qiao-Li Zhang
- The Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, PR China
| | - Shi-Lei Liu
- The Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry, Research Institute of Chemical Defence, Beijing, 102205, PR China.
| | - Qin-Hua Song
- Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230026, PR China.
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17
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Kumar V. Chromo-fluorogenic sensors for chemical warfare agents in real-time analysis: journey towards accurate detection and differentiation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2021; 57:3430-3444. [PMID: 33725077 DOI: 10.1039/d1cc00132a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
The existence of chemical weapons (blister and nerve agents) is an unfortunate reality of the modern world. The usage of these chemical agents by rogue states or terrorist groups has showcased their ugly faces in the past and even in recent years. Despite extensive and strenuous efforts by the Organization for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons (OPCW) to eliminate chemical warfare agents (CWAs) by the prohibition of their production and the destruction of their stockpiles, many countries still possess them in enormous quantities. Given the potential threat from these lethal agents, it is imperative to have a foolproof chemical sensor and detection system, which should consist of readily deployable chemical probes that can operate with high specificity and sensitivity. Over the last decade, our group has been engaged in designing and developing novel field-deployable sensing techniques by exploring approaches based on supramolecular tools, which can result in excellent specificity, sensitivity, high speed, portability and low cost. In this article, I describe our group's journey and success stories in the development of chemical warfare detection protocols, detailing the range of unique chemical probes and methods explored to achieve the specific detection of individual agents under real environmental conditions. It is interesting to note that the combination of three molecular probes (SQ, Fc and LH2) could simply achieve the detection of all CWAs at room temperature in one go without the need for nonportable and expensive instruments. The ease and generality of these techniques/methods suggest great promise for the highly specific chemical sensing of almost the entire class of CWAs. In this paper, a brief introduction is first provided to present the basic chemistry related to CWAs and the importance of supramolecular chemistry in the design of new protocols with new insights. The manipulation of molecular probes is then debated towards the development of a system for the chromo-fluorogenic sensing of CWAs without interference from most relevant analytes. Finally, the outlook of open challenges and the future developments of this rapidly evolving field is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vinod Kumar
- Process and Technology Development Division, Defence Research & Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India.
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18
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Li D, Xi H, Han S, Zhao S. A turn-on fluorescent probe based on N-(rhodamine-B)-thiolactam-2- n-butane with ionic liquids for selective and sensitive detection of mustard gas stimulant. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2021; 13:484-490. [PMID: 33427830 DOI: 10.1039/d0ay02248a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard (SM) is recognized as one of the most lethal warfare agents. It has the potential to seriously affect public health and safety. To employ appropriate medical countermeasures and treat victims as quickly as possible, the development of a rapid and simple SM detection technique is crucial. The aim of the present study was to explore novel detection systems exhibiting excellent selectivity and high sensitivity. An SM probe, namely N-(rhodamine-B)-thiolactam-2-n-butane (SRB-NB), which was based on a thiolactam structure, was effectively designed and synthesized. The rhodamine and thiourea moieties played the roles of the chromogenic and reacting groups, respectively. Subsequently, using ionic liquids (ILs) as the solvents, a turn-on fluorescence detection system was constructed. Notably, it was found that imidazole-based ILs displayed good solubility for an SM simulant, specifically 2-chloroethyl ethyl sulfide (2-CEES). Moreover, 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyandiamide ([BMIm]DCA) IL held the maximum amount of 2-CEES (132.5 g/100 g). The SRB-NB probe exhibited better ultraviolet (UV) absorption and fluorescence properties in ILs than in other organic solvents. SRB-NB/IL was able to detect 2-CEES in liquid form with remarkable selectivity and sensitivity. The limit of detection (LOD) was established at 3.0 × 10-6 M. Importantly, SRB-NB/ILs also showed good optical response to gaseous 2-CEES and SM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daxue Li
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Hailing Xi
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Shitong Han
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
| | - Sanping Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China.
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19
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Cui L, Gong Y, Cheng C, Guo Y, Xiong W, Ji H, Jiang L, Zhao J, Che Y. Highly Photostable and Luminescent Donor-Acceptor Molecules for Ultrasensitive Detection of Sulfur Mustard. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2021; 8:2002615. [PMID: 33643792 PMCID: PMC7887598 DOI: 10.1002/advs.202002615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2020] [Revised: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Real-time, high signal intensity, and prolonged detection is challenging because of the rarity of fluorophores with both high photostability and luminescence efficiency. In this work, new donor-acceptor (D-A) molecules for overcoming these limitations are reported. A hybridized local and an intramolecular charge-transfer excited state is demonstrated to afford high photoluminescence efficiency of these D-A molecules in solution (≈100%). The twisted molecular structure and bulky alkyl chains effectively suppress π-π and dipole-dipole interactions, enabling high luminescence efficiency of 1 and 2 in the solid state (≈94% and 100%). Furthermore, two D-A aggregates exhibit high photostability as evidenced by 4% and 8% of the fluorescence decreasing after 6 h of continuous irradiation in air, which is in sharp contrast to ≈95% of fluorescence decreasing in a reference compound. Importantly, with these molecules, ultrasensitive detection of sulfur mustard (SM) with a record limit of 10 ppb and selective detection of SM in complex matrices are achieved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Linfeng Cui
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Colloid and Interface Chemistry Ministry of EducationSchool of Chemistry and Chemical EngineeringShandong UniversityJinan250100China
| | - Chuanqin Cheng
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yongxian Guo
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Hongwei Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Lang Jiang
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
| | - Yanke Che
- Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular SciencesKey Laboratory of PhotochemistryInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of SciencesUniversity of Chinese Academy of SciencesBeijing100049China
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20
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Singh VV, Kumar V, Biswas U, Boopathi M, Ganesan K, Gupta AK. Luminol-Based Turn-On Fluorescent Sensor for Selective and Sensitive Detection of Sulfur Mustard at Ambient Temperature. Anal Chem 2021; 93:1193-1199. [PMID: 33289388 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
We have explored a novel turn-on fluorescence detection of sulfur mustard (SM) at "room temperature". The innovative protocol that uses the combination of luminol and an ionic liquid in water exhibits fluorescence detection of SM within seconds. In this simple, fast, and low-cost chemosensing method, luminol acts as the receptor as well as a signaling element, and the ionic liquid (1-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium dicyanamide) provides the requisite and polarizing medium to realize the detection at "room temperature". Interestingly, with a higher concentration of a probe (0.56 mM), SM sensing can be visualized with the naked eye, leading to the formation of a fluorescent green color within a minute, thus expanding the application of the developed sensing technique for chromo-fluorogenic detection of SM. Excellent selectivity, sensitivity (LOD: 6 ppm), and chemosensing at ambient temperature make this methodology completely field-deployable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virendra V Singh
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
| | - Vinod Kumar
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
| | - Utpal Biswas
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
| | - Mannan Boopathi
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
| | - Kumaran Ganesan
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
| | - Arvind K Gupta
- Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior 474002, India
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21
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Ma B, Zuo G, Dong B, Gao S, You L, Wang X. Optical detection of sulfur mustard contaminated surfaces based on a sprayable fluorescent probe. NEW J CHEM 2021. [DOI: 10.1039/d1nj03921k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
A water-based sprayable functional polymer was immobilized with the fluorescent probe DPXT and was used as a chemo-sensor for rapid localization of surface contamination by sulfur mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Ma
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Guomin Zuo
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Bin Dong
- State Key Laboratory of NBC Protection for Civilian, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Shi Gao
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Lijuan You
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
| | - Xuefeng Wang
- Institute of NBC defense, P.O. Box 1048, Beijing, 102205, China
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22
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Long-term Respiratory Effects of Mustard Vesicants. Toxicol Lett 2020; 319:168-174. [PMID: 31698045 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2019.10.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2019] [Revised: 10/24/2019] [Accepted: 10/29/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard and related vesicants are cytotoxic alkylating agents that cause severe damage to the respiratory tract. Injury is progressive leading, over time, to asthma, bronchitis, bronchiectasis, airway stenosis, and pulmonary fibrosis. As there are no specific therapeutics available for victims of mustard gas poisoning, current clinical treatments mostly provide only symptomatic relief. In this article, the long-term effects of mustards on the respiratory tract are described in humans and experimental animal models in an effort to define cellular and molecular mechanisms contributing to lung injury and disease pathogenesis. A better understanding of mechanisms underlying pulmonary toxicity induced by mustards may help in identifying potential targets for the development of effective clinical therapeutics aimed at mitigating their adverse effects.
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23
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Meng W, Sun M, Xu Q, Cen J, Cao Y, Li Z, Xiao K. Development of a Series of Fluorescent Probes for the Early Diagnostic Imaging of Sulfur Mustard Poisoning. ACS Sens 2019; 4:2794-2801. [PMID: 31549501 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b01424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Sulfur mustard is one of the most harmful chemical warfare agents and can induce skin, eye, and lung injuries. However, it is hard for medical stuff to diagnose sulfur mustard poisoning early because of the incubation period after sulfur mustard exposure. Detecting intact sulfur mustard in vivo might be an effective approach for the early diagnosis of sulfur mustard poisoning. A series of fluorescent probes for intact sulfur mustard detection were developed in this study. All of the developed probes could react with sulfur mustard selectivity. Among these probes, SiNIR-SM exhibited an extremely good response rate and a high off/on contrast. To the best of our knowledge, SiNIR-SM is the first near-infrared fluorescent probe for the sulfur mustard detection. Both SiNIR-SM and OxSM-1 were successfully applied to image sulfur mustard in living cells. Using SiNIR-SM, we found that sulfur mustard accumulates in the mitochondria of living cells. This result could provide a new insight for the treatment of sulfur mustard injuries. We also found that SiNIR-SM is suitable for the early diagnostic imaging of sulfur mustard poisoning in SKH-1 mice via the detection of intact sulfur mustard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenqi Meng
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Mingxue Sun
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Qingqiang Xu
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinfeng Cen
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Yongbing Cao
- Department of Vascular Disease, Shanghai TCM-Integrated Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 200082, China
| | - Zhenjiang Li
- State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing 211816, China
| | - Kai Xiao
- Lab of Toxicology & Pharmacology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
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24
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Detection Papers with Chromogenic Chemosensors for Direct Visual Detection and Distinction of Liquid Chemical Warfare Agents. CHEMOSENSORS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/chemosensors7030030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This work provides a summary of our results in the area of the experimental development of detection paper for the detection of liquid phase chemical warfare agents (drops, aerosol), the presence of which is demonstrated by the development of characteristic coloring visible to the naked eye. The basis of the detection paper is a cellulose carrier saturated with the dithienobenzotropone monomer (RM1a)–chromogenic chemosensor sensitive to nerve agents of the G type, blister agent lewisite, or choking agent diphosgene. We achieve a higher coloring brilliance and the limit certain interferences by using this chemosensor in the mix of the o-phenylendiamine-pyronine (PY-OPD). We prove that the addition of the Bromocresol Green pH indicator even enables detection of nerve agents of the V type, or, nitrogen mustards, while keeping a high stability of the detection paper and its functions for other chemical warfare agents. We resolve the resistance against the undesirable influence of water by providing a hydrophobic treatment of the carrier surface.
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25
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Qiu C, Liu X, Cheng C, Gong Y, Xiong W, Guo Y, Wang C, Zhao J, Che Y. Ultrasensitive Detection of Sulfur Mustard via Differential Noncovalent Interactions. Anal Chem 2019; 91:6408-6412. [PMID: 31035744 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.9b00709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
In this work, we fabricate two types of hierarchical microspheres, i.e., one coassembled from two fluorene-based oligomers (1 and 2) and one self-assembled from a fluorene-based oligomer (1), for ultrasensitive and selective detection of trace sulfur mustard (SM) vapor. On the basis of distinct fluorescence responses of 1-2 coassembled and individual 1 hierarchical microspheres that originate from differential noncovalent interactions between analytes and these sensors, SM vapor can be ultrasensitively detected (30 ppb) and easily discriminated from various sulfides and other potential interferents. Our work that utilizes differential noncovalent interactions to give sensitive and selective fluorescence response patterns represents a new detection approach for SM and other hazardous chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changkun Qiu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Xiaoling Liu
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chuanqin Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yongxian Guo
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Chen Wang
- HT-NOVA Company, Ltd. , Zhuyuan Road , Shunyi District, Beijing 101312 , China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
| | - Yanke Che
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences , Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100190 , China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100049 , China
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26
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Xiong W, Gong Y, Che Y, Zhao J. Sensitive Discrimination of Nerve Agent and Sulfur Mustard Simulants Using Fluorescent Coassembled Nanofibers with Förster Resonance Energy Transfer-Enhanced Photostability and Emission. Anal Chem 2019; 91:1711-1714. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanjun Gong
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yanke Che
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jincai Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Photochemistry, CAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular Sciences, Institute of Chemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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27
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Tuo W, Bouquet J, Taran F, Le Gall T. A FRET probe for the detection of alkylating agents. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8655-8658. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04391h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
A fluorogenic FRET probe allows efficient detection of toxic alkylating agents through a self-immolative reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Tuo
- CEA-Université Paris-Saclay
- Institut Joliot
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Jaufret Bouquet
- CEA-Université Paris-Saclay
- Institut Joliot
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Frédéric Taran
- CEA-Université Paris-Saclay
- Institut Joliot
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
| | - Thierry Le Gall
- CEA-Université Paris-Saclay
- Institut Joliot
- Service de Chimie Bioorganique et de Marquage
- 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette
- France
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28
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Kang Q, Xiao Y, Wang Y. From inorganic precipitation to organic aggregation: solubility product constant-mediated specific metal-ion lighting-up using a triazolium iodide organic fluorescence tag. Analyst 2019; 144:1654-1659. [DOI: 10.1039/c8an01785a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Innovation in sensing strategies is a continual goal pursued by analytical chemists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Kang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
| | - Yin Xiao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
- China
| | - Yong Wang
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Molecular Optoelectronic Science
- Department of Chemistry
- School of Science
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin 300072
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29
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Tang P, Leung HT, Sun G. Colorimetric Detection of Carcinogenic Alkylating Fumigants on Nylon-6 Nanofibrous Membrane. Part I: Investigation of 4-( p-Nitrobenzyl)pyridine as a "New" Sensing Agent with Ultrahigh Sensitivity. Anal Chem 2018; 90:14593-14601. [PMID: 30468706 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Alkylating fumigants are widely used in agricultural production for the control of soil-borne pests, but the acute toxicity and carcinogenicity of these chemicals pose a health threat to farm workers, as well as residents. A nanofibrous membrane-based colorimetric sensor relying on the nucleophilic substitution reaction of 4-( p-nitrobenzyl)pyridine (NBP) is introduced for the convenient and portable detection of alkylating fumigants. Comparing with the traditional use of NBP in detecting alkylating agents, this sensor system achieves a parts per billion level detection sensitivity toward alkylating fumigant gases without a high-temperature incubation or the addition of extra bases. The mechanisms of the detection reaction and the detection sensitivities of different fumigants were studied with computational methods, and the results comprehensively prove the proposed optimized detection mechanisms. The detection limit of methyl iodide, methyl bromide, and 1,3-dichloropropene successfully reaches to the limiting exposure concentrations (PEL or REL) with a naked-eye detectable color difference within 5 min with a dynamic detection procedure. The designed sensing system is promising for a real-time monitoring of the air quality related to alkylating fumigants in the environment, especially in agricultural and industrial areas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peixin Tang
- Division of Textiles and Clothing , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Ho Ting Leung
- Department of Chemistry , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
| | - Gang Sun
- Division of Textiles and Clothing , University of California Davis , Davis , California 95616 , United States
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30
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Song H, Zhou Y, Qu H, Xu C, Wang X, Liu X, Zhang Q, Peng X. A Novel AIE Plus ESIPT Fluorescent Probe with a Large Stokes Shift for Cysteine and Homocysteine: Application in Cell Imaging and Portable Kit. Ind Eng Chem Res 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Haohan Song
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Yanmei Zhou
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
| | - Haonan Qu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Chenggong Xu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaoqiang Liu
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Qingyou Zhang
- Henan Joint International Research Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Control Materials, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Henan University, Kaifeng 475004, China
| | - Xiaojun Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China
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31
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Wilcke T, Glißmann T, Lerch A, Karg M, Müller TJJ. Acidochromic Turn-on 2,4-Diarylpyrano[2, 3- b
]indole Luminophores with Solubilizing Groups for A Broad Range of Polarity. ChemistrySelect 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.201802743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Wilcke
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1, D- 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Tobias Glißmann
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1, D- 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Arne Lerch
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1, D- 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Matthias Karg
- Institut für Physikalische Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1, D- 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
| | - Thomas J. J. Müller
- Institut für Organische Chemie und Makromolekulare Chemie; Heinrich-Heine-Universität Düsseldorf; Universitätsstraße 1, D- 40225 Düsseldorf Germany
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32
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Xiong H, Li RR, Liu SY, Wu FX, Yang WC, Yang GF. Discovery of Specific Nonpeptide Probe for Chymotrypsin via Molecular Docking-Based Virtual Screening and the Application. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2018; 1:310-317. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.8b00072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Rong-Rong Li
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Shi-Yu Liu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Feng-Xu Wu
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Chao Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
| | - Guang-Fu Yang
- Key Laboratory of Pesticide & Chemical Biology, Ministry of Education, and Chemical Biology Center, College of Chemistry, Central China Normal University, Wuhan 430079, P.R. China
- Collaborative
Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin 30071, P.R. China
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33
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Zhang Y, Lv Y, Wang X, Peng A, Zhang K, Jie X, Huang J, Tian Z. A Turn-On Fluorescent Probe for Detection of Sub-ppm Levels of a Sulfur Mustard Simulant with High Selectivity. Anal Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b01057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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