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Gu H, Li J, Liang Q, Xu W. Solid phase microextraction device coupled with miniature mass spectrometry and mathematical model of its ion chronogram. Talanta 2024; 271:125651. [PMID: 38262130 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2024.125651] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Modern solid phase microextraction (SPME) device linked with mass spectrometry (SPME-MS) has evolved from producing ion chronogram as flat noisy signal to as unimodal-like signal. We designed a SPME device, which is closer in morphology to LC column, linked it with a miniature mass spectrometer (SPME-Mini MS), and proposed a mathematical model that elution of compound from the SPME device is equivalent to overlay of elution of the compound from the infinite LC columns with the lengths between 0 and the length of the device and it can generate an ion chronogram as right-skew unimodal signal. Rhodamine B as analyte was used for experimental verification and its unimodal signal was used to fit the parameters of a computer simulation program based on the model. The experimental results and simulations empirically cross-confirmed that SPME-Mini MS can generate ion chronogram as clean right-skew unimodal signal. Furthermore, the SPME-Mini MS system was used for quantitative analysis of psychotropic drugs (i.e. risperidone and aripiprazole) in artificial urine. The results preliminarily demonstrated that the system can utilize area under unimodal signal for quantitative analysis and has potential to be applied for on-site, fast and accurate quantification of drugs and other compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Gu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China.
| | - Jiwen Li
- Hanbot Institute, Yovole Networks Inc, Shanghai, 200433, China.
| | - Qiong Liang
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
| | - Wei Xu
- School of Life Science, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing 100081, China
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2
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Looby N, Roszkowska A, Yu M, Rios-Gomez G, Pipkin M, Bojko B, Cypel M, Pawliszyn J. In vivo solid phase microextraction for therapeutic monitoring and pharmacometabolomic fingerprinting of lung during in vivo lung perfusion of FOLFOX. J Pharm Anal 2023; 13:1195-1204. [PMID: 38024854 PMCID: PMC10657970 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpha.2023.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
In vivo lung perfusion (IVLP) is a novel isolated lung technique developed to enable the local, in situ administration of high-dose chemotherapy to treat metastatic lung cancer. Combination therapy using folinic acid (FOL), 5-fluorouracil (F), and oxaliplatin (OX) (FOLFOX) is routinely employed to treat several types of solid tumours in various tissues. However, F is characterized by large interpatient variability with respect to plasma concentration, which necessitates close monitoring during treatments using of this compound. Since plasma drug concentrations often do not reflect tissue drug concentrations, it is essential to utilize sample-preparation methods specifically suited to monitoring drug levels in target organs. In this work, in vivo solid-phase microextraction (in vivo SPME) is proposed as an effective tool for quantitative therapeutic drug monitoring of FOLFOX in porcine lungs during pre-clinical IVLP and intravenous (IV) trials. The concomitant extraction of other endogenous and exogenous small molecules from the lung and their detection via liquid chromatography coupled to high resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) enabled an assessment of FOLFOX's impact on the metabolomic profile of the lung and revealed the metabolic pathways associated with the route of administration (IVLP vs. IV) and the therapy itself. This study also shows that the immediate instrumental analysis of metabolomic samples is ideal, as long-term storage at -80 °C results in changes in the metabolite content in the sample extracts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikita Looby
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Anna Roszkowska
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Medical University of Gdansk, 80-416, Gdansk, Poland
| | - Miao Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - German Rios-Gomez
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Mauricio Pipkin
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, TGH, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Barbara Bojko
- Department of Pharmacodynamics and Molecular Pharmacology, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, 85-089, Bydgoszcz, Poland
| | - Marcelo Cypel
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, University Health Network, TGH, 200 Elizabeth St, Toronto, ON, M5G 2C4, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, 200 University Avenue West, Waterloo, ON, N2L 3G1, Canada
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Nazdrajić E, Murtada K, Rickert DA, Pawliszyn J. Coupling of Solid-Phase Microextraction Directly to Mass Spectrometry via an Improved Microfluidic Open Interface to Facilitate High-Throughput Determinations. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2023. [PMID: 37004172 DOI: 10.1021/jasms.2c00380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Mass spectrometry analysis can be performed by introducing samples directly to mass spectrometry, allowing the increase of the analysis throughput; however, some disadvantages of direct-to-mass spectrometry analysis include susceptibility to matrix effects and risk of instrument contamination from inadequate sample preparation. Solid-phase microextraction is one of the most suitable sample preparation methods for direct-to-mass spectrometry analysis, as it offers matrix-compatible coatings which ensure analyte enrichment with minimal or no interference from matrix. One of the ways solid-phase microextraction can be coupled directly to mass spectrometry is via a microfluidic open interface. This manuscript reports improvements made to the initial microfluidic open interface design, where the system components have been simplified to mostly commercially available materials. In addition, the analysis of samples has been automated by implementing software that fully controls the analysis workflow, where the washing procedure is optimized to completely reduce the carryover. Herein, the extraction and desorption time profiles from thin and thick SPME devices was studied where the overall workflow consisted of high-throughput sample preparation of 1.3 min per 96 samples and <1 min per sample instrumental analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emir Nazdrajić
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Khaled Murtada
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Daniel A Rickert
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada
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Mirabelli MF. Direct Coupling of SPME to Mass Spectrometry. EVOLUTION OF SOLID PHASE MICROEXTRACTION TECHNOLOGY 2023:290-314. [DOI: 10.1039/bk9781839167300-00290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
Abstract
Solid-phase microextraction devices are normally analyzed by gas or liquid chromatography. Their use has become increasingly widespread since their introduction in 1990, and nowadays most analytical laboratories use or have used SPME as an efficient and green method to perform analyte extraction and sample clean-up in one step. The SPME technique is intrinsically flexible, and allows for a high degree of optimization with regard to the extracting phase, as well as the way sample is analyzed. Since its introduction, researchers have been trying different ways to transfer analytes extracted from the solid phase to a mass spectrometer, with the aim to increase throughput and reduce solvent, gas usage and costs associated with conventional chromatographic techniques. Furthermore, but not less important, for pure fun of developing new, more efficient and sensitive analytical strategies! This chapter aims at providing a comprehensive overview of the most relevant non-chromatographic mass spectrometric approaches developed for SPME. Technical aspects of each SPME-MS approach will be discussed, highlighting their advantages, disadvantages and future potential developments. Particular emphasis will be given on the most recent direct coupling approaches using novel ionization approaches, and a concise overview of the existing applications will also be provided.
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Yu J, Xu XB, Murtada K, Pawliszyn J. Untargeted analysis of microbial metabolites and unsaturated fatty acids in salmon via hydrophilic-lipophilic balanced solid-phase microextraction arrow. Food Chem 2022; 380:132219. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2021] [Revised: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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Kasperkiewicz A, Lendor S, Pawliszyn J. Impact of pesticide formulation excipients and employed analytical approach on relative matrix effects of pesticide determination in strawberries. Talanta 2022; 236:122825. [PMID: 34635215 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Revised: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Relative matrix effects between an ambient mass spectrometric technique known as coated blade spray (CBS) and liquid chromatographic separation approach when applied to multiresidue pesticide analysis in strawberry samples are explored. Acceptable slope relative standard deviations (RSD <15 %) were observed for the 9 compounds under study for both CBS-MS/MS (2.2-12.6 %) and LC-MS/MS (2.8-12.9 %) approaches. The findings signify both the elimination of relative matrix effects with the sample preparation and matrix match calibration with internal standard correction methods employed along with no matrix effect compromise made when using the direct-to-MS approach. Similarly, slopes of pesticides spiked from commercially available formulations (containing one or two pesticides) were found to not differ significantly from slopes generated with multiresidue pesticide standards (containing 24 additional pesticides besides the target 9 analytes) with either technique, highlighting the resistance of the employed methods to the excipients present in pesticide formulations in large amounts.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Sofia Lendor
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, N2L 3G1, Canada.
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New chemical biopsy tool for spatially resolved profiling of human brain tissue in vivo. Sci Rep 2021; 11:19522. [PMID: 34593948 PMCID: PMC8484280 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98973-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2021] [Accepted: 09/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
It is extremely challenging to perform chemical analyses of the brain, particularly in humans, due to the restricted access to this organ. Imaging techniques are the primary approach used in clinical practice, but they only provide limited information about brain chemistry. Solid-phase microextraction (SPME) has been presented recently as a chemical biopsy tool for the study of animal brains. The current work demonstrates for the first time the use of SPME for the spatially resolved sampling of the human brain in vivo. Specially designed multi-probe sampling device was used to simultaneously extract metabolites from the white and grey matter of patients undergoing brain tumor biopsies. Samples were collected by inserting the probes along the planned trajectory of the biopsy needle prior to the procedure, which was followed by metabolomic and lipidomic analyses. The results revealed that studied brain structures were predominantly composed of lipids, while the concentration and diversity of detected metabolites was higher in white than in grey matter. Although the small number of participants in this research precluded conclusions of a biological nature, the results highlight the advantages of the proposed SPME approach, as well as disadvantages that should be addressed in future studies.
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Zhang X, Wang W, Zare RN, Min Q. Peptide and protein assays using customizable bio-affinity arrays combined with ambient ionization mass spectrometry. Chem Sci 2021; 12:10810-10816. [PMID: 34476062 PMCID: PMC8372322 DOI: 10.1039/d1sc02311j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
High-throughput identification and quantification of protein/peptide biomarkers from biofluids in a label-free manner is achieved by interfacing bio-affinity arrays (BAAs) with nano-electrospray desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (nano-DESI-MS). A wide spectrum of proteins and peptides ranging from phosphopeptides to cis-diol biomolecules as well as thrombin can be rapidly extracted via arbitrarily predefined affinity interactions including coordination chemistry, covalent bonding, and biological recognition. An integrated MS platform allows continuous interrogation. Profiling and quantitation of dysregulated phosphopeptides from small-volume (∼5 μL) serum samples has been successfully demonstrated. As a front-end device adapted to any mass spectrometer, this MS platform might hold much promise in protein/peptide analysis in point-of-care (POC) diagnostics and clinical applications. Customizable bio-affinity arrays were interfaced with ambient ionization mass spectrometry for high-throughput assays of protein/peptide biomarkers in biofluids.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuemeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Wei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
| | - Richard N Zare
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University Stanford California 94305 USA
| | - Qianhao Min
- State Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Chemistry and Biomedicine Innovation Center, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University Nanjing 210023 P. R. China
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Rampler E, Abiead YE, Schoeny H, Rusz M, Hildebrand F, Fitz V, Koellensperger G. Recurrent Topics in Mass Spectrometry-Based Metabolomics and Lipidomics-Standardization, Coverage, and Throughput. Anal Chem 2021; 93:519-545. [PMID: 33249827 PMCID: PMC7807424 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.0c04698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 27.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Evelyn Rampler
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Yasin El Abiead
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Harald Schoeny
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Mate Rusz
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Institute of Inorganic
Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Straße 42, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Felina Hildebrand
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Veronika Fitz
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
| | - Gunda Koellensperger
- Department of Analytical
Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Vienna, Währinger Str. 38, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- Vienna Metabolomics Center (VIME), University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
- University of Vienna, Althanstraße 14, 1090 Vienna, Austria
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Kasperkiewicz A, Pawliszyn J. Multiresidue pesticide quantitation in multiple fruit matrices via automated coated blade spray and liquid chromatography coupled to triple quadrupole mass spectrometry. Food Chem 2020; 339:127815. [PMID: 32836024 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2020.127815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Application of ambient mass spectrometry techniques to accelerate analysis of pesticides in produce, with technique validation via chromatographic separation, has not been explored extensively. In this work, coated blade spray (CBS) was used to provide freedom of instrumental choice for a multiresidue panel of pesticides in apple, blueberry, grape, and strawberry through direct-coupling with mass spectrometry (MS) and liquid chromatographic (LC) analyses. For all four matrices, >125 compounds were found to meet European Union guidelines concerning linearity, precision, and accuracy while both CBS-MS/MS and SPME-LC-MS/MS methods achieved limits of quantitation below their minimum regulatory limits. Additionally, results for samples containing residues (n = 57) yielded good agreement between instrumental methods (percent differences < 20% for 73% residues), supporting CBS as a stand-alone technique or complement to LC confirmation of pesticides in fruit matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Janusz Pawliszyn
- Department of Chemistry, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario N2L 3G1, Canada.
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Eskandarpour M, Jamshidi P, Moghaddam MR, Ghasmei JB, Shemirani F. Developing a highly selective method for preconcentration and determination of cobalt in water and nut samples using 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol and UV-visible spectroscopy. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:2272-2279. [PMID: 31930504 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2019] [Revised: 01/01/2020] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Heavy metal contamination in water and agricultural products is a major concern that causes risks for human health. This article describes a highly selective approach to preconcentrate cobalt(II) (Co(II)) ions based on the standard UV-visible measurement of Co(II)-1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol complex at λ = 628 nm in water and nut samples. In this method, magnetic silica (mSiO2 ) was utilized as a practical sorbent and 1-(2-pyridylazo)-2-naphthol was employed as a complexing agent in the elution step. The adsorbent was characterized via X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscopy. The effects of the main variables (pH, adsorption time, sorbent amount, pH of eluent, ligand volume, and desorption time) were investigated and established. RESULTS The maximum recovery was achieved at pH 7 ± 0.3, adsorption time of 60 min, sorbent amount of 40 mg, eluent pH 8 ± 0.2, ligand volume of 2 mL (16.95 × 10-4 mol L-1 ) and desorption time of 30 min. The linearity of dynamic range (10-500 μg L-1 ), limit of detection (0.32 μg L-1 ), relative standard deviation (3.04%), and preconcentration factor (25) show the reliability of the method. The sorbent was reusable 12 times. Selectivity and the effect of interference ions were successfully examined. The adsorption process of Co(II) ions on mSiO2 was investigated based on Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms. The Freundlich model was fitted with the system and the maximum capacity adsorption of mSiO2 for Co(II) adsorption is 2.35 mg g-1 . Then, the kinetics study revealed that the adsorption process of Co(II) ions on the mSiO2 follows the pseudo-first-order model. The thermodynamics parameters ΔG, ΔS, and ΔH were calculated. CONCLUSION The method was fruitfully applied to preconcentrate Co(II) ions in water and nut samples. This method offers high selectivity and precision for determining Co(II) ions. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Parastoo Jamshidi
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Jahan B Ghasmei
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farzaneh Shemirani
- School of Chemistry, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
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Abstract
Thirty years since the invention and public disclosure of solid phase microextraction (SPME), the technology continues evolving and inspiring several other green extraction technologies amenable for the collection of small molecules present in complex matrices. In this manuscript, we review the fundamental and operational aspects of a novel SPME geometry that can be used to “hunt” target molecules in complex matrices: the SPME Arrow. In addition, a series of applications in environmental, food, cannabis and forensic analysis are succinctly covered. Finally, special emphasis is placed on novel interfaces to analytical instrumentation, as well as recent developments in coating materials for the SPME Arrow.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik A. Hansen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
| | - Stig Pedersen-Bjergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Oslo, P.O. Box 1068 Blindern, 0316 Oslo, Norway
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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