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Al-Amoodi AS, Kai J, Li Y, Malki JS, Alghamdi A, Al-Ghuneim A, Saera-Vila A, Habuchi S, Merzaban JS. α1,3-fucosylation treatment improves cord blood CD34 negative hematopoietic stem cell navigation. iScience 2024; 27:108882. [PMID: 38322982 PMCID: PMC10845921 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.108882] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 11/24/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/08/2024] Open
Abstract
For almost two decades, clinicians have overlooked the diagnostic potential of CD34neg hematopoietic stem cells because of their limited homing capacity relative to CD34posHSCs when injected intravenously. This has contributed to the lack of appeal of using umbilical cord blood in HSC transplantation because its stem cell count is lower than bone marrow. The present study reveals that the homing and engraftment of CD34negHSCs can be improved by adding the Sialyl Lewis X molecule via α1,3-fucosylation. This unlocks the potential for using this more primitive stem cell to treat blood disorders because our findings show CD34negHSCs have the capacity to regenerate cells in the bone marrow of mice for several months. Furthermore, our RNA sequencing analysis revealed that CD34negHSCs have unique adhesion pathways, downregulated in CD34posHSCs, that facilitate interaction with the bone marrow niche. Our findings suggest that CD34neg cells will best thrive when the HSC resides in its microenvironment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asma S. Al-Amoodi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jing Kai
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanyan Li
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jana S. Malki
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alghamdi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Arwa Al-Ghuneim
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Satoshi Habuchi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasmeen S. Merzaban
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Sciences and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal 23955-6900, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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Isaioglou I, Aldehaiman MM, Li Y, Lahcen AA, Rauf S, Al-Amoodi AS, Habiba U, Alghamdi A, Nozue S, Habuchi S, Salama KN, Merzaban JS. CD34 + HSPCs-derived exosomes contain dynamic cargo and promote their migration through functional binding with the homing receptor E-selectin. Front Cell Dev Biol 2023; 11:1149912. [PMID: 37181754 PMCID: PMC10166801 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2023.1149912] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Exosomes are tiny vesicles released by cells that carry communications to local and distant locations. Emerging research has revealed the role played by integrins found on the surface of exosomes in delivering information once they reach their destination. But until now, little has been known on the initial upstream steps of the migration process. Using biochemical and imaging approaches, we show here that exosomes isolated from both leukemic and healthy hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells can navigate their way from the cell of origin due to the presence of sialyl Lewis X modifications surface glycoproteins. This, in turn, allows binding to E-selectin at distant sites so the exosomes can deliver their messages. We show that when leukemic exosomes were injected into NSG mice, they traveled to the spleen and spine, sites typical of leukemic cell engraftment. This process, however, was inhibited in mice pre-treated with blocking E-selectin antibodies. Significantly, our proteomic analysis found that among the proteins contained within exosomes are signaling proteins, suggesting that exosomes are trying to deliver active cues to recipient cells that potentially alter their physiology. Intriguingly, the work outlined here also suggests that protein cargo can dynamically change upon exosome binding to receptors such as E-selectin, which thereby could alter the impact it has to regulate the physiology of the recipient cells. Furthermore, as an example of how miRNAs contained in exosomes can influence RNA expression in recipient cells, our analysis showed that miRNAs found in KG1a-derived exosomes target tumor suppressing proteins such as PTEN.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ioannis Isaioglou
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mansour M. Aldehaiman
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yanyan Li
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdellatif Ait Lahcen
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Sakandar Rauf
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma S. Al-Amoodi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Umme Habiba
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah Alghamdi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Shuho Nozue
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Satoshi Habuchi
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khaled N. Salama
- Electrical and Computer Engineering Program, Computer, Electrical and Mathematical Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
| | - Jasmeen S. Merzaban
- Bioscience Program, Biological and Environmental Science and Engineering Division, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
- KAUST Smart-Health Initiative, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal, Saudi Arabia
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Refining the migration and engraftment of short-term and long-term HSCs by enhancing homing-specific adhesion mechanisms. Blood Adv 2022; 6:4373-4391. [PMID: 35764498 DOI: 10.1182/bloodadvances.2022007465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
In contrast to the short-term(ST)-CD34pos stem cells, studies have suggested that long-term (LT) hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) found in the CD34neg stem cell pool have trouble migrating and engrafting when introduced intravenously. We set out to fully elucidate the adhesion mechanisms used by ST/LT-HSCs to migrate to the bone marrow in order to understand these deficiencies. Focusing on murine ST-HSCs(Flk2negCD34pos) and LT-HSCs(Flk2negCD34neg), we observed a distinctive expression pattern of bone marrow homing effectors necessary for the first step, namely sialyl Lewis-X(sLex;ligand for E-selectin), and the second step, namely CXCR4 (receptor for SDF-1). sLex expression was higher on Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs(>60%) compared to Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs(<10%), which correlated to binding to E-selectin. Higher levels of CXCR4 were observed on Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs compared to Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs. Interestingly, expression of CD26, a peptidase known to deactivate chemokines (i.e.SDF-1), was higher on Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs. Given that migration is compromised in Flk2negCD34neg LT-HSCs, we aimed to enhance their ability to migrate using recombinant fucosyltransferase 6 (rhFTVI) and DiprotinA (CD26-inhibitor). We observed that although LT-HSCs expressed low levels of sLex, in vivo engraftment was not compromised. Moreover, although both treaments enhanced migration in vitro, only pre-treatment of LT-HSCs with DiprotinA enhanced engraftment in vivo. Remarkably, fucosylation of Flk2negCD34pos ST-HSCs consistently led to their ability to transplant secondary recipients, the gold standard for testing functionality of LT-HSCs. These data suggest that treatments to overcome the molecular disparity in adhesion mechanisms among ST-HSCs and LT-HSCs, differentially influences their abilities to migrate and engraft in vivo and boosts ST-HSCs engraftment in vivo.
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Boonyakida J, Utomo DIS, Soma FN, Park EY. Two-step purification of tag-free norovirus-like particles from silkworm larvae (Bombyx mori). Protein Expr Purif 2021; 190:106010. [PMID: 34737040 DOI: 10.1016/j.pep.2021.106010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Revised: 10/29/2021] [Accepted: 10/31/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Recombinantly expressed VP1 of norovirus self-assembled and formed norovirus-like particles (NoV-LPs). This native VP1 was expressed using the Bombyx mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) expression system in silkworm larva. NoV-LPs were collected from silkworm fat body lysate by density gradient centrifugation. To improve the purity of the NoV-LP, the proteins were further purified using immobilized metal affinity chromatography based on the surface exposed side chain of histidine residues. The additional purification led to a highly purified virus-like particle (VLP). The morphology and size of the purified VLPs were examined using a transmission electron microscope, and dynamic light scattering revealed a monodispersed spherical morphology with a diameter of 34 nm. The purified product had a purity of >90% with a recovery yield of 48.7% (equivalent to 930 μg) from crude lysate, obtained from seven silkworm larvae. In addition, the purified VLP could be recognized by antibodies against GII norovirus in sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, which indicated that the silkworm-derived VLP is biologically functional as a NoV-LP in its native state, is structurally correct, and exerts its biological function. Our results suggest that the silkworm-derived NoV-LP may be useful for subsequent applications, such as in a vaccine platform. Moreover, the silkworm-based expression system is known for its robustness, facile up-scalability, and relatively low expense compared to insect cell systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jirayu Boonyakida
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Doddy Irawan Setyo Utomo
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Fahmida Nasrin Soma
- Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan
| | - Enoch Y Park
- Department of Bioscience, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan; Research Institute of Green Science and Technology, Shizuoka University, 836 Ohya, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka, 422-8529, Japan.
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