1
|
Miller ET, Tsodikov OV, Garneau-Tsodikova S. Structural insights into the diverse prenylating capabilities of DMATS prenyltransferases. Nat Prod Rep 2024; 41:113-147. [PMID: 37929638 DOI: 10.1039/d3np00036b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2023]
Abstract
Covering: 2009 up to August 2023Prenyltransferases (PTs) are involved in the primary and the secondary metabolism of plants, bacteria, and fungi, and they are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of many clinically relevant natural products (NPs). The continued biochemical and structural characterization of the soluble dimethylallyl tryptophan synthase (DMATS) PTs over the past two decades have revealed the significant promise that these enzymes hold as biocatalysts for the chemoenzymatic synthesis of novel drug leads. This is a comprehensive review of DMATSs describing the structure-function relationships that have shaped the mechanistic underpinnings of these enzymes, as well as the application of this knowledge to the engineering of DMATSs. We summarize the key findings and lessons learned from these studies over the past 14 years (2009-2023). In addition, we identify current gaps in our understanding of these fascinating enzymes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evan T Miller
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Oleg V Tsodikov
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
| | - Sylvie Garneau-Tsodikova
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 South Limestone Street, Lexington, KY, 40536-0596, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Gardner ED, Johnson BP, Dimas DA, McClurg HE, Severance ZC, Burgett AW, Singh S. Unlocking New Prenylation Modes: Azaindoles as a New Substrate Class for Indole Prenyltransferases. ChemCatChem 2023; 15:e202300650. [PMID: 37954549 PMCID: PMC10634513 DOI: 10.1002/cctc.202300650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
Aza-substitution, the replacement of aromatic CH groups with nitrogen atoms, is an established medicinal chemistry strategy for increasing solubility, but current methods of accessing functionalized azaindoles are limited. In this work, indole-alkylating aromatic prenyltransferases (PTs) were explored as a strategy to directly functionalize azaindole-substituted analogs of natural products. For this, a series of aza-l-tryptophans (Aza-Trp) featuring N-substitution of every aromatic CH position of the indole ring and their corresponding cyclic Aza-l-Trp-l-proline dipeptides (Aza-CyWP), were synthesized as substrate mimetics for the indole-alkylating PTs FgaPT2, CdpNPT, and FtmPT1. We then demonstrated most of these substrate analogs were accepted by a PT, and the regioselectivity of each prenylation was heavily influenced by the position of the N-substitution. Remarkably, FgaPT2 was found to produce cationic N-prenylpyridinium products, representing not only a new substrate class for indole PTs but also a previously unobserved prenylation mode. The discovery that nitrogenous indole bioisosteres can be accepted by PTs thus provides access to previously unavailable chemical space in the search for bioactive indolediketopiperazine analogs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric D. Gardner
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Bryce P. Johnson
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Dustin A. Dimas
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Heather E. McClurg
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| | - Zachary C. Severance
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Anthony W. Burgett
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States
| | - Shanteri Singh
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Oklahoma, Stephenson Life Sciences Research Center, Norman, Oklahoma 73019, United States
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Van de Bittner KC, Cameron RC, Bustamante LY, Bundela R, Kessans SA, Vorster J, Nicholson MJ, Parker EJ. Nodulisporic acid E biosynthesis: in vivo characterisation of NodD1, an indole-diterpene prenyltransferase that acts on an emindole SB derived indole-diterpene scaffold. MEDCHEMCOMM 2019; 10:1160-1164. [PMID: 31391888 PMCID: PMC6640557 DOI: 10.1039/c9md00143c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2019] [Accepted: 05/22/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Prenylation of aromatic compounds is a key tailoring reaction in biosynthesis of bioactive indole-diterpenes. Here, we identify NodD1 as the enzyme responsible for the bisprenylation of nodulisporic acid F. This prenyltransferase showed a preference for its natural indole-diterpene substrate whereas other related enzymes were not able to catalyse this conversion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kyle C Van de Bittner
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
| | - Rosannah C Cameron
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
| | - Leyla Y Bustamante
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
| | - Rudranuj Bundela
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
| | - Sarah A Kessans
- Biomolecular Interaction Centre and School of Biological Sciences , University of Canterbury , PO Box 4800 , Christchurch 8140 , New Zealand
| | - Jan Vorster
- School of Chemical and Physical Sciences , Victoria University of Wellington , PO Box 6012 , Wellington , New Zealand
| | - Matthew J Nicholson
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
| | - Emily J Parker
- Ferrier Research Institute , Victoria University of Wellington , Kelburn , Wellington 6012 , New Zealand . ;
- Maurice Wilkins Centre for Molecular Biodiscovery , New Zealand
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Callegari D, Ranaghan KE, Woods CJ, Minari R, Tiseo M, Mor M, Mulholland AJ, Lodola A. L718Q mutant EGFR escapes covalent inhibition by stabilizing a non-reactive conformation of the lung cancer drug osimertinib. Chem Sci 2018; 9:2740-2749. [PMID: 29732058 PMCID: PMC5911825 DOI: 10.1039/c7sc04761d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2017] [Accepted: 02/03/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Impact of L718Q mutation on the inhibitory activity of osimertinib on EGFR revealed by free-energy simulations.
Osimertinib is a third-generation inhibitor approved for the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer. It overcomes resistance to first-generation inhibitors by incorporating an acrylamide group which alkylates Cys797 of EGFR T790M. The mutation of a residue in the P-loop (L718Q) was shown to cause resistance to osimertinib, but the molecular mechanism of this process is unknown. Here, we investigated the inhibitory process for EGFR T790M (susceptible to osimertinib) and EGFR T790M/L718Q (resistant to osimertinib), by modelling the chemical step (i.e., alkylation of Cys797) using QM/MM simulations and the recognition step by MD simulations coupled with free-energy calculations. The calculations indicate that L718Q has a negligible impact on both the activation energy for Cys797 alkylation and the free-energy of binding for the formation of the non-covalent complex. The results show that Gln718 affects the conformational space of the EGFR–osimertinib complex, stabilizing a conformation of acrylamide which prevents reaction with Cys797.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- D Callegari
- Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy .
| | - K E Ranaghan
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - C J Woods
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - R Minari
- Medical Oncology Unit , University Hospital of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - M Tiseo
- Medical Oncology Unit , University Hospital of Parma , Parma , Italy
| | - M Mor
- Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy .
| | - A J Mulholland
- School of Chemistry , University of Bristol , Bristol , UK
| | - A Lodola
- Department of Food and Drug , University of Parma , Parma , Italy .
| |
Collapse
|