1
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Ohgita T, Kono H, Namba N, Saito H. Physicochemical mechanisms of aggregation and fibril formation of α-synuclein and apolipoprotein A-I. Biophys Physicobiol 2023; 21:e210005. [PMID: 38803339 PMCID: PMC11128303 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v21.0005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Accepted: 12/28/2023] [Indexed: 05/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Deposition and accumulation of amyloid fibrils is a hallmark of a group of diseases called amyloidosis and neurodegenerative disorders. Although polypeptides potentially have a fibril-forming propensity, native proteins have evolved into proper functional conformations to avoid aggregation and fibril formation. Understanding the mechanism for regulation of fibril formation of native proteins provides clues for the rational design of molecules for inhibiting fibril formation. Although fibril formation is a complex multistep reaction, experimentally obtained fibril formation curves can be fitted with the Finke-Watzky (F-W) two-step model for homogeneous nucleation followed by autocatalytic fibril growth. The resultant F-W rate constants for nucleation and fibril formation provide information on the chemical kinetics of fibril formation. Using the F-W two-step model analysis, we investigated the physicochemical mechanisms of fibril formation of a Parkinson's disease protein α-synuclein (αS) and a systemic amyloidosis protein apolipoprotein A-I (apoA-I). The results indicate that the C-terminal region of αS enthalpically and entropically suppresses nucleation through the intramolecular interaction with the N-terminal region and the intermolecular interaction with existing fibrils. In contrast, the nucleation of the N-terminal fragment of apoA-I is entropically driven likely due to dehydration of large hydrophobic segments in the molecule. Based on our recent findings, we discuss the similarity and difference of the fibril formation mechanisms of αS and the N-terminal fragment of apoA-I from the physicochemical viewpoints.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohgita
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
- Center for Instrumental Analysis, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8412, Japan
| | - Hiroki Kono
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Norihiro Namba
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, Kyoto 607-8414, Japan
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2
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Ohgita T, Kono H, Morita I, Oyama H, Shimanouchi T, Kobayashi N, Saito H. Intramolecular interaction kinetically regulates fibril formation by human and mouse α-synuclein. Sci Rep 2023; 13:10885. [PMID: 37407638 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38070-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/02/2023] [Indexed: 07/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Regulation of α-synuclein (αS) fibril formation is a potent therapeutic strategy for αS-related neurodegenerative disorders. αS, an intrinsically disordered 140-residue intraneural protein, comprises positively charged N-terminal, hydrophobic non-amyloid β component (NAC), and negatively charged C-terminal regions. Although mouse and human αS share 95% sequence identity, mouse αS forms amyloid fibrils faster than human αS. To evaluate the kinetic regulation of αS fibrillation, we examined the effects of mismatched residues in human and mouse αS on fibril formation and intramolecular interactions. Thioflavin T fluorescence assay using domain-swapped or C-terminal-truncated αS variants revealed that mouse αS exhibited higher nucleation and fibril elongation than human αS. In mouse αS, S87N substitution in the NAC region rather than A53T substitution is dominant for enhanced fibril formation. Fӧrester resonance energy transfer analysis demonstrated that the intramolecular interaction of the C-terminal region with the N-terminal and NAC regions observed in human αS is perturbed in mouse αS. In mouse αS, S87N substitution is responsible for the perturbed interaction. These results indicate that the interaction of the C-terminal region with the N-terminal and NAC regions suppresses αS fibril formation and that the human-to-mouse S87N substitution in the NAC region accelerates αS fibril formation by perturbing intramolecular interaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Ohgita
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan.
| | - Hiroki Kono
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
| | - Izumi Morita
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Oyama
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Toshinori Shimanouchi
- Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, 700-8530, Japan
| | - Norihiro Kobayashi
- Department of Bioanalytical Chemistry, Kobe Pharmaceutical University, 4-19-1 Motoyama-Kitamachi, Higashinada-ku, Kobe, 658-8558, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Saito
- Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, Kyoto Pharmaceutical University, 5 Misasagi-Nakauchi-cho, Yamashina-ku, Kyoto, 607-8414, Japan
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3
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Bonaccorsi di Patti MC, Angiulli E, Casini A, Vaccaro R, Cioni C, Toni M. Synuclein Analysis in Adult Xenopus laevis. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23116058. [PMID: 35682736 PMCID: PMC9181771 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23116058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2022] [Revised: 05/23/2022] [Accepted: 05/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The α-, β- and γ-synucleins are small soluble proteins expressed in the nervous system of mammals and evolutionary conserved in vertebrates. After being discovered in the cartilaginous fish Torpedo californica, synucleins have been sequenced in all vertebrates, showing differences in the number of genes and splicing isoforms in different taxa. Although α-, β- and γ-synucleins share high homology in the N-terminal sequence, suggesting their evolution from a common ancestor, the three isoforms also differ in molecular characteristics, expression levels and tissue distribution. Moreover, their functions have yet to be fully understood. Great scientific interest on synucleins mainly derives from the involvement of α-synuclein in human neurodegenerative diseases, collectively named synucleinopathies, which involve the accumulation of amyloidogenic α-synuclein inclusions in neurons and glia cells. Studies on synucleinopathies can take advantage of the development of new vertebrate models other than mammals. Moreover, synuclein expression in non-mammalian vertebrates contribute to clarify the physiological role of these proteins in the evolutionary perspective. In this paper, gene expression levels of α-, β- and γ-synucleins have been analysed in the main organs of adult Xenopus laevis by qRT-PCR. Moreover, recombinant α-, β- and γ-synucleins were produced to test the specificity of commercial antibodies against α-synuclein used in Western blot and immunohistochemistry. Finally, the secondary structure of Xenopus synucleins was evaluated by circular dichroism analysis. Results indicate Xenopus as a good model for studying synucleinopathies, and provide a useful background for future studies on synuclein functions and their evolution in vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Elisa Angiulli
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Arianna Casini
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Rosa Vaccaro
- Department of Anatomical, Histological, Forensic Medicine and Orthopedic Sciences, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy; (A.C.); (R.V.)
| | - Carla Cioni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.A.); (C.C.)
| | - Mattia Toni
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology “Charles Darwin”, Sapienza University, 00161 Rome, Italy; (E.A.); (C.C.)
- Correspondence: (M.C.B.d.P.); (M.T.)
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4
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Farzadfard A, Pedersen JN, Meisl G, Somavarapu AK, Alam P, Goksøyr L, Nielsen MA, Sander AF, Knowles TPJ, Pedersen JS, Otzen DE. The C-terminal tail of α-synuclein protects against aggregate replication but is critical for oligomerization. Commun Biol 2022; 5:123. [PMID: 35145226 PMCID: PMC8831632 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-022-03059-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 01/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aggregation of the 140-residue protein α-synuclein (αSN) is a key factor in the etiology of Parkinson’s disease. Although the intensely anionic C-terminal domain (CTD) of αSN does not form part of the amyloid core region or affect membrane binding ability, truncation or reduction of charges in the CTD promotes fibrillation through as yet unknown mechanisms. Here, we study stepwise truncated CTDs and identify a threshold region around residue 121; constructs shorter than this dramatically increase their fibrillation tendency. Remarkably, these effects persist even when as little as 10% of the truncated variant is mixed with the full-length protein. Increased fibrillation can be explained by a substantial increase in self-replication, most likely via fragmentation. Paradoxically, truncation also suppresses toxic oligomer formation, and oligomers that can be formed by chemical modification show reduced membrane affinity and cytotoxicity. These remarkable changes correlate to the loss of negative electrostatic potential in the CTD and highlight a double-edged electrostatic safety guard. Farzadfard et al. present a comprehensive analysis of a range of C-terminal truncations of aSN, linking the importance of high C-terminus charge for decreased fibrillation rates. The ability to formation oligomers, to disrupt synthetic vesicles and cell toxicity was reduced with truncated aSN, aiding in understanding of the intramolecular interactions of aSN which promote/inhibit aggregation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Azad Farzadfard
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,School of Biology, College of Science, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Georg Meisl
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK
| | - Arun Kumar Somavarapu
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Parvez Alam
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Louise Goksøyr
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Morten Agertoug Nielsen
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Adam Frederik Sander
- Centre for Medical Parasitology at the Department of Immunology and Microbiology, University of Copenhagen, Blegdamsvej 3B, 2200, Copenhagen N, Denmark
| | - Tuomas P J Knowles
- Yusuf Hamied Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Lensfield Road, Cambridge, CB2 1EW, UK.,Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, J J Thomson Avenue, Cambridge, CB3 0HE, UK
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.,Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, Langelandsgade 140, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel Erik Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark. .,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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5
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Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction: a spontaneous model of synucleinopathy. Sci Rep 2021; 11:16036. [PMID: 34362943 PMCID: PMC8346493 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-95396-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Equine pituitary pars intermedia dysfunction (PPID) is a common endocrine disease of aged horses that shows a similar pathophysiology as Parkinson’s Disease (PD) with increased levels of α-synuclein (α-syn). While α-syn is thought to play a pathogenic role in horses with PPID, it is unclear if α-syn is also misfolded in the pars intermedia and could similarly promote self-aggregation and propagation. Consequently, α-syn was isolated from the pars intermedia from groups of healthy young and aged horses, and aged PPID-afflicted horses. Seeding experiments confirmed the prion-like properties of α-syn isolated from PPID-afflicted horses. Next, detection of α-syn fibrils in pars intermedia via transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was exclusive to PPID-afflicted horses. A bank of fragment peptides was designed to further characterize equine α-syn misfolding. Region 62–87 of equine and human α-syn peptides was found to be most prone to aggregation according to Tango bioinformatic program and kinetics of aggregation via a thioflavin T fluorescence assay. In both species, fragment peptide 62–87 is capable of generating mature fibrils as demonstrated by TEM. The combined animal, bioinformatic, and biophysical studies provide evidence that equine α-syn is misfolded in PPID horses.
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6
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Zbinden A, Pérez-Berlanga M, De Rossi P, Polymenidou M. Phase Separation and Neurodegenerative Diseases: A Disturbance in the Force. Dev Cell 2021; 55:45-68. [PMID: 33049211 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2020.09.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 213] [Impact Index Per Article: 71.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2020] [Revised: 09/09/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Protein aggregation is the main hallmark of neurodegenerative diseases. Many proteins found in pathological inclusions are known to undergo liquid-liquid phase separation, a reversible process of molecular self-assembly. Emerging evidence supports the hypothesis that aberrant phase separation behavior may serve as a trigger of protein aggregation in neurodegeneration, and efforts to understand and control the underlying mechanisms are underway. Here, we review similarities and differences among four main proteins, α-synuclein, FUS, tau, and TDP-43, which are found aggregated in different diseases and were independently shown to phase separate. We discuss future directions in the field that will help shed light on the molecular mechanisms of aggregation and neurodegeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aurélie Zbinden
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Manuela Pérez-Berlanga
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Pierre De Rossi
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Magdalini Polymenidou
- Department of Quantitative Biomedicine, University of Zürich, Winterthurerstrasse 190, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
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7
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Scratching the surface: native mass spectrometry of peripheral membrane protein complexes. Biochem Soc Trans 2021; 48:547-558. [PMID: 32129823 PMCID: PMC7192793 DOI: 10.1042/bst20190787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2020] [Revised: 02/09/2020] [Accepted: 02/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
A growing number of integral membrane proteins have been shown to tune their activity by selectively interacting with specific lipids. The ability to regulate biological functions via lipid interactions extends to the diverse group of proteins that associate only peripherally with the lipid bilayer. However, the structural basis of these interactions remains challenging to study due to their transient and promiscuous nature. Recently, native mass spectrometry has come into focus as a new tool to investigate lipid interactions in membrane proteins. Here, we outline how the native MS strategies developed for integral membrane proteins can be applied to generate insights into the structure and function of peripheral membrane proteins. Specifically, native MS studies of proteins in complex with detergent-solubilized lipids, bound to lipid nanodiscs, and released from native-like lipid vesicles all shed new light on the role of lipid interactions. The unique ability of native MS to capture and interrogate protein–protein, protein–ligand, and protein–lipid interactions opens exciting new avenues for the study of peripheral membrane protein biology.
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8
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Larsen K, Bæk R, Sahin C, Kjær L, Christiansen G, Nielsen J, Farajzadeh L, Otzen DE. Molecular characteristics of porcine alpha-synuclein splicing variants. Biochimie 2020; 180:121-133. [PMID: 33152422 DOI: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.10.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2020] [Revised: 10/05/2020] [Accepted: 10/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Alpha-synuclein (α-syn) is a 140 amino acid, intrinsically disordered protein with a potential role in neurotransmitter vesicle release. The protein is natively unfolded under physiological conditions, and is expressed predominantly in neural tissue. α-syn is associated with neuropathological conditions in Parkinson's disease, where the protein misfolds into oligomers and fibrils resulting in aggregates in Lewy bodies. Here we report the molecular cloning of SNCA cDNA encoding porcine α-syn and transcript variants hereof. Six transcripts coding for porcine α-syn are presented in the report, of which three result from exon skipping, generating in-frame splicing of coding exons 3 and 5. The splicing pattern of these alternative spliced variants is conserved between human and pig. All the observed in-frame deletions yield significantly shorter α-syn proteins compared with the 140 amino acid full-length protein. Expression analysis performed by real-time quantitative RT-PCR revealed a differential expression of the six transcript splicing variants in different pig organs and tissues. Common for all splicing variants, a very high transcript expression was detected in brain tissues and in spinal cord and very low or no expression outside the central nervous system. The porcine α-syn protein demonstrated markedly different biophysical characteristics compared with its human counterpart. No fibrillation of porcine α-syn was observed with the pig wild-type α-syn and A30P α-syn, and both variants show significantly reduced ability to bind to lipid vesicles. Overexpression of mutated porcine α-syn might recapitulate the human PD pathogenesis and lead to the identification of genetic modifiers of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Knud Larsen
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Rikke Bæk
- Department of Clinical Immunology, Aalborg University Hospital, Urbansgade 32, DK-9000, Aalborg, Denmark.
| | - Cagla Sahin
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Lars Kjær
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Gunna Christiansen
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Wilhelm Meyers Allé 4, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Janni Nielsen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Leila Farajzadeh
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, C.F. Møllers Allé 3, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center and Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK-8000, Aarhus C, Denmark.
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9
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Eskandari H, Ghanadian M, Noleto-Dias C, Lomax C, Tawfike A, Christiansen G, Sutherland DS, Ward JL, Mohammad-Beigi H, Otzen DE. Inhibitors of α-Synuclein Fibrillation and Oligomer Toxicity in Rosa damascena: The All-Pervading Powers of Flavonoids and Phenolic Glycosides. ACS Chem Neurosci 2020; 11:3161-3173. [PMID: 32886481 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.0c00528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There is an intense search for natural compounds that can inhibit the oligomerization and fibrillation of α-synuclein (α-Syn), whose aggregation is key to the development of Parkinson's disease (PD). Rosa damascena is a medicinal herb widely used in Middle Eastern food, ceremonies, and perfumes. The herb is known to contain many different polyphenols. Here we investigated the existence of α-Syn fibrillation inhibitors in R. damascena extract. Different HPLC fractions of the extract were assessed in α-Syn fibrillation and toxicity assays. The most active fractions led to the formation of more α-Syn oligomers but with less toxicity to SH-SY5Y cells, according to MTT and LDH assays. LC-MS analysis identified gallic acid, kaempferol 3-glucoside, kaempferol-3-O-β-rutinoside, and quercetin which were subsequently shown to be strong α-Syn fibrillation inhibitors. Our results highlight the benefits of R. damascena extract to combat PD at the population level.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hoda Eskandari
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK− 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Mustafa Ghanadian
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Isfahan Faculty of Pharmacy, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Clarice Noleto-Dias
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Charlotte Lomax
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Ahmed Tawfike
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Gunna Christiansen
- Department of Biomedicine-Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Duncan S. Sutherland
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK− 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jane L. Ward
- Computational and Analytical Sciences Department, Rothamsted Research, West Common, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, U.K
| | - Hossein Mohammad-Beigi
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK− 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, Gustav Wieds Vej 14, DK− 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
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10
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Adão R, Cruz PF, Vaz DC, Fonseca F, Pedersen JN, Ferreira-da-Silva F, Brito RM, Ramos CH, Otzen D, Keller S, Bastos M. DIBMA nanodiscs keep α-synuclein folded. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2020; 1862:183314. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2020.183314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Revised: 04/10/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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11
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Amin N, Tan X, Ren Q, Zhu N, Botchway BOA, Hu Z, Fang M. Recent advances of induced pluripotent stem cells application in neurodegenerative diseases. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2019; 95:109674. [PMID: 31255650 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2019.109674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2019] [Revised: 06/03/2019] [Accepted: 06/17/2019] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Stem cell is defined by its ability to self-renewal and generates differentiated functional cell types, which are derived from the embryo and various sources of postnatal animal. These cells can be divided according to their potential development into totipotent, unipotent, multipotent andpluripotent. Pluripotent is considered as the most important type due to its advantageous capability to create different cell types of the body in a similar behavior as embryonic stem cell. Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) are adult cells that maintain the characteristics of embryonic stem cells because it can be genetically reprogrammed to an embryonic stem cell-like state via express genes and transcription factors. Such cells provide an efficient pathway to explorehuman diseases and their corresponding therapy, particularly, neurodevelopmental disorders. Consequently, iPSCs can be investigated to check the specific mutations of neurodegenerative disease due to their unique ability to differentiate into neural cell types and/or neural organoids. The current review addresses the different neurodegenerative diseases model by using iPSCs approach such as Alzheimer's diseases (AD), Parkinson diseases (PD),multiplesclerosis(MS) and psychiatric disorders. We also highlight the importance of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nashwa Amin
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Aswan University, Egypt
| | - Xiaoning Tan
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qiannan Ren
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ning Zhu
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China; Hebei North University,Zhangjiakou, China
| | - Benson O A Botchway
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China
| | - Zhiying Hu
- Obstetrics & Gynecology Department, Zhejiang Integrated Traditional and Western Medicine Hospital, Hangzhou, China.
| | - Marong Fang
- Institute of Neuroscience, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.
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12
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van Diggelen F, Frank SA, Somavarapu AK, Scavenius C, Apetri MM, Nielsen J, Tepper AWJW, Enghild JJ, Otzen DE. The interactome of stabilized α-synuclein oligomers and neuronal proteins. FEBS J 2019; 287:2037-2054. [PMID: 31686426 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 11/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
While it is generally accepted that α-synuclein oligomers (αSOs) play an important role in neurodegeneration in Parkinson's disease, the basis for their cytotoxicity remains unclear. We have previously shown that docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) stabilizes αSOs against dissociation without compromising their ability to colocalize with glutamatergic synapses of primary hippocampal neurons, suggesting that they bind to synaptic proteins. Here, we develop a proteomic screen for putative αSO binding partners in rat primary neurons using DHA-stabilized human αSOs as a bait protein. The protocol involved co-immunoprecipitation in combination with a photoactivatable heterobifunctional sulfo-LC-SDA crosslinker which did not compromise neuronal binding and preserved the interaction between the αSOs-binding partners. We identify in total 29 proteins associated with DHA-αSO of which eleven are membrane proteins, including synaptobrevin-2B (VAMP-2B), the sodium-potassium pump (Na+ /K+ ATPase), the V-type ATPase, the voltage-dependent anion channel and calcium-/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase type II subunit gamma; only these five hits were also found in previous studies which used unmodified αSOs as bait. We also identified Rab-3A as a target with likely disease relevance. Three out of four selected hits were subsequently validated with dot-blot binding assays. In addition, likely binding sites on these ligands were identified by computational analysis, highlighting a diversity of possible interactions between αSOs and target proteins. These results constitute an important step in the search for disease-modifying treatments targeting toxic αSOs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Femke van Diggelen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Denmark.,Crossbeta Biosciences AB, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Signe Andrea Frank
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | - Carsten Scavenius
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | | | | | | | - Jan J Enghild
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Denmark
| | - Daniel E Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Center (iNANO), Aarhus University, Denmark
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13
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Najarzadeh Z, Mohammad-Beigi H, Nedergaard Pedersen J, Christiansen G, Sønderby TV, Shojaosadati SA, Morshedi D, Strømgaard K, Meisl G, Sutherland D, Skov Pedersen J, Otzen DE. Plant Polyphenols Inhibit Functional Amyloid and Biofilm Formation in Pseudomonas Strains by Directing Monomers to Off-Pathway Oligomers. Biomolecules 2019; 9:E659. [PMID: 31717821 PMCID: PMC6920965 DOI: 10.3390/biom9110659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 10/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Self-assembly of proteins to β-sheet rich amyloid fibrils is commonly observed in various neurodegenerative diseases. However, amyloid also occurs in the extracellular matrix of bacterial biofilm, which protects bacteria from environmental stress and antibiotics. Many Pseudomonas strains produce functional amyloid where the main component is the highly fibrillation-prone protein FapC. FapC fibrillation may be inhibited by small molecules such as plant polyphenols, which are already known to inhibit formation of pathogenic amyloid, but the mechanism and biological impact of inhibition is unclear. Here, we elucidate how polyphenols modify the self-assembly of functional amyloid, with particular focus on epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose (PGG), baicalein, oleuropein, and procyanidin B2. We find EGCG and PGG to be the best inhibitors. These compounds inhibit amyloid formation by redirecting the aggregation of FapC monomers into oligomeric species, which according to small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements organize into core-shell complexes of short axis diameters 25-26 nm consisting of ~7 monomers. Using peptide arrays, we identify EGCG-binding sites in FapC's linker regions, C and N-terminal parts, and high amyloidogenic sequences located in the R2 and R3 repeats. We correlate our biophysical observations to biological impact by demonstrating that the extent of amyloid inhibition by the different inhibitors correlated with their ability to reduce biofilm, highlighting the potential of anti-amyloid polyphenols as therapeutic agents against biofilm infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Najarzadeh
- Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran;
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Hossein Mohammad-Beigi
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Jannik Nedergaard Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Gunna Christiansen
- Department of Biomedicine-Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark;
| | - Thorbjørn Vincent Sønderby
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Seyed Abbas Shojaosadati
- Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, P.O. Box 14115-143, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Dina Morshedi
- Department of Industrial and Environmental Biotechnology, National Institute of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, P.O. Box: 1417863171, Tehran, Iran;
| | - Kristian Strømgaard
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, 2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark;
| | - Georg Meisl
- Department of Chemistry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK;
| | - Duncan Sutherland
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
| | - Jan Skov Pedersen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
- Department of Chemistry, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Daniel E. Otzen
- Interdisciplinary Nanoscience Centre (iNANO), Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; (H.M.-B.); (J.N.P.); (T.V.S.); (D.S.)
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14
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Bacterial amphiphiles as amyloid inducers: Effect of Rhamnolipid and Lipopolysaccharide on FapC fibrillation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-PROTEINS AND PROTEOMICS 2019; 1867:140263. [PMID: 31421227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbapap.2019.140263] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2019] [Revised: 08/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/13/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Pseudomonas species export the amyloid-forming protein FapC to strengthen bacterial biofilm. P. species also produce the biosurfactant rhamnolipid (Rhl) and its outer membrane contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Given the possible contacts between FapC, Rhl and LPS, we here investigate how Rhl and LPS affect FapC fibrillation compared with SDS, known to promote fibrillation of proteins at sub-micellar concentrations. Micelles of all three surfactants help FapC bypass the nucleation lag phase, leading to rapid fibrillation, which persists even at high concentrations of micelles and incorporates almost all available FapC monomers. Fibrils formed at high micellar concentrations of Rhl and SDS seed fibrillation at low surfactant concentrations while retaining the original fibril structure. FapC interacts strongly with SDS to form a dense network of narrow fibrils. Small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) analyses reveal that surfactants reduce the population of intermediates in the fibrillation process and detect a fast aggregation step over the first 2-4 h which precedes the main fibrillation monitored by Thioflavin T. An additional SAXS-detected rearrangement of early aggregates occurs after 4-10 h. At high Rhl concentrations, the micelles are decorated with protein fibrils. SDS induces FapC fibrillation so efficiently that epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) is unable to inhibit this process. However, EGCG stimulates FapC oligomer formation and inhibits fibrillation both on its own and in the presence of Rhl and LPS. This oligomer could be modelled as a compact core with a flexible shell. This suggests that EGCG can override the natural amyloid-stimulatory properties of these biosurfactants and thus target biofilm.
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Sison SL, Vermilyea SC, Emborg ME, Ebert AD. Using Patient-Derived Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells to Identify Parkinson's Disease-Relevant Phenotypes. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18:84. [PMID: 30284665 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-018-0893-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder affecting older individuals. The specific cause underlying dopaminergic (DA) neuron loss in the substantia nigra, a pathological hallmark of PD, remains elusive. Here, we highlight peer-reviewed reports using induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) to model PD in vitro and discuss the potential disease-relevant phenotypes that may lead to a better understanding of PD etiology. Benefits of iPSCs are that they retain the genetic background of the donor individual and can be differentiated into specialized neurons to facilitate disease modeling. RECENT FINDINGS Mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, ER stress, and alpha-synuclein accumulation are common phenotypes observed in PD iPSC-derived neurons. New culturing technologies, such as directed reprogramming and midbrain organoids, offer innovative ways of investigating intraneuronal mechanisms of PD pathology. PD patient-derived iPSCs are an evolving resource to understand PD pathology and identify therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- S L Sison
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, BSB 409, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA
| | - S C Vermilyea
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Preclinical Parkinson's Research Program, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
| | - M E Emborg
- Neuroscience Training Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
- Preclinical Parkinson's Research Program, Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53715, USA
- Department of Medical Physics, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, 53705, USA
| | - A D Ebert
- Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, BSB 409, 8701 Watertown Plank Rd, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
- Neuroscience Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.
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