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Wu G, Zhou J, Fan L, Liu X, Wang Y, Wu C. Analysis of protein components in blackberry wine and haze. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Schmelzer CEH, Duca L. Elastic fibers: formation, function, and fate during aging and disease. FEBS J 2021; 289:3704-3730. [PMID: 33896108 DOI: 10.1111/febs.15899] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2021] [Revised: 03/16/2021] [Accepted: 03/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Elastic fibers are extracellular components of higher vertebrates and confer elasticity and resilience to numerous tissues and organs such as large blood vessels, lungs, and skin. Their formation and maturation take place in a complex multistage process called elastogenesis. It requires interactions between very different proteins but also other molecules and leads to the deposition and crosslinking of elastin's precursor on a scaffold of fibrillin-rich microfibrils. Mature fibers are exceptionally resistant to most influences and, under healthy conditions, retain their biomechanical function over the life of the organism. However, due to their longevity, they accumulate damages during aging. These are caused by proteolytic degradation, formation of advanced glycation end products, calcification, oxidative damage, aspartic acid racemization, lipid accumulation, carbamylation, and mechanical fatigue. The resulting changes can lead to diminution or complete loss of elastic fiber function and ultimately affect morbidity and mortality. Particularly, the production of elastokines has been clearly shown to influence several life-threatening diseases. Moreover, the structure, distribution, and abundance of elastic fibers are directly or indirectly influenced by a variety of inherited pathological conditions, which mainly affect organs and tissues such as skin, lungs, or the cardiovascular system. A distinction can be made between microfibril-related inherited diseases that are the result of mutations in diverse microfibril genes and indirectly affect elastogenesis, and elastinopathies that are linked to changes in the elastin gene. This review gives an overview on the formation, structure, and function of elastic fibers and their fate over the human lifespan in health and disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian E H Schmelzer
- Fraunhofer Institute for Microstructure of Materials and Systems IMWS, Halle (Saale), Germany.,Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Natural Sciences I, Martin Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle (Saale), Germany
| | - Laurent Duca
- UMR CNRS 7369 MEDyC, SFR CAP-Sante, Université de Reims Champagne-Ardenne, France
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Dubini RCA, Jung H, Skidmore CH, Demirel MC, Rovó P. Hydration-Induced Structural Transitions in Biomimetic Tandem Repeat Proteins. J Phys Chem B 2021; 125:2134-2145. [PMID: 33595326 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c11505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A major challenge in developing biomimetic, high-performance, and sustainable products is the accurate replication of the biological materials' striking properties, such as high strength, self-repair, and stimuli-responsiveness. The rationalization of such features on the microscopic scale, together with the rational design of synthetic materials, is currently hindered by our limited understanding of the sequence-structure-property relationship. Here, employing state-of-the-art nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy, we link the atomistic structural and dynamic properties of an artificial bioinspired tandem repeat protein TR(1,11) to its stunning macroscopic properties including high elasticity, self-healing capabilities, and record-holding proton conductivity among biological materials. We show that the hydration-induced structural rearrangement of the amorphous Gly-rich soft segment and the ordered Ala-rich hard segment is the key to the material's outstanding physical properties. We found that in the hydrated state both the Ala-rich ordered and Gly-rich disordered parts contribute to the formation of the nanoconfined β-sheets, thereby enhancing the strength and toughness of the material. This restructuring is accompanied by fast proline ring puckering and backbone cis-trans isomerization at the water-protein interface, which in turn enhances the elasticity and the thermal conductivity of the hydrated films. Our in-depth characterization provides a solid ground for the development of next-generation materials with improved properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romeo C A Dubini
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schellingstraße 4, Fifth Floor, 80799 Munich, Germany
| | - Huihun Jung
- Center for Research on Advanced Fiber Technologies (CRAFT), Materials Research Institute, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Chloe H Skidmore
- Center for Research on Advanced Fiber Technologies (CRAFT), Materials Research Institute, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Melik C Demirel
- Center for Research on Advanced Fiber Technologies (CRAFT), Materials Research Institute, Department of Engineering Science and Mechanics, and Huck Institutes of Life Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, United States
| | - Petra Rovó
- Faculty of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Department of Chemistry, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.,Center for Nanoscience (CeNS), Faculty of Physics, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Schellingstraße 4, Fifth Floor, 80799 Munich, Germany
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Tanaka T, Abe Y, Cheng CJ, Tanaka R, Naito A, Asakura T. Development of Small-Diameter Elastin-Silk Fibroin Vascular Grafts. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 8:622220. [PMID: 33585421 PMCID: PMC7874157 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2020.622220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Globally, increasing mortality from cardiovascular disease has become a problem in recent years. Vascular replacement has been used as a treatment for these diseases, but with blood vessels <6 mm in diameter, existing vascular grafts made of synthetic polymers can be occluded by thrombus formation or intimal hyperplasia. Therefore, the development of new artificial vascular grafts is desirable. In this study, we developed an elastin (EL)-silk fibroin (SF) double-raschel knitted vascular graft 1.5 mm in diameter. Water-soluble EL was prepared from insoluble EL by hydrolysis with oxalic acid. Compared to SF, EL was less likely to adhere to platelets, while vascular endothelial cells were three times more likely to adhere. SF artificial blood vessels densely packed with porous EL were fabricated, and these prevented the leakage of blood from the graft during implantation, while the migration of cells after implantation was promoted. Several kinds of 13C solid-state NMR spectra were observed with the EL-SF grafts in dry and hydrated states. It was noted that the EL molecules in the graft had very high mobility in the hydrated state. The EL-SF grafts were implanted into the abdominal aorta of rats to evaluate their patency and remodeling ability. No adverse reactions, such as bleeding at the time of implantation or disconnection of the sutured ends, were observed in the implanted grafts, and all were patent at the time of extraction. In addition, vascular endothelial cells were present on the graft's luminal surface 2 weeks after implantation. Therefore, we conclude that EL-SF artificial vascular grafts may be useful where small-diameter grafts are required.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takashi Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Yasuyuki Abe
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Chieh-Jen Cheng
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, Fujisawa, Japan
| | - Ryo Tanaka
- Department of Veterinary Surgery, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Fuchu, Japan
| | - Akira Naito
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Koganei, Japan
| | - Tetsuo Asakura
- Department of Biotechnology, Tokyo University of Agriculture & Technology, Koganei, Japan
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Djajamuliadi J, Ohgo K, Kumashiro KK. A Two-State Model Describes the Temperature-Dependent Conformational Equilibrium in the Alanine-Rich Domains in Elastin. J Phys Chem B 2020; 124:9017-9028. [PMID: 32936634 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.0c06811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Elastin is the insoluble elastomeric protein that provides extensibility and resilience to vertebrate tissues. Limited high-resolution structural data for elastin are notably complex. To access this information, this protein is considered in the simplified context of its two general domain types, that is, hydrophobic (HP) and crosslinking (CL). The question of elastin's structure-function has directed the focus of nearly all previous studies in the literature to the unique repeating sequences characteristic of this protein, found primarily in the HP domains. The CL domains were assumed to play a very limited role in biological elasticity due in part to the significant α-helical character that was (incorrectly) predicted for these regions. In this study, the conformational heterogeneity of alanines in native elastin's CL domains is examined in the context of helix-coil transition theory (HCTT) using solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (SSNMR) spectroscopy in tandem with strategic isotopic labeling. Helix and coil populations are observed at all temperatures, but the former increases significantly at lower temperatures. Below the glass transition temperature (Tg), two major populations of alanines in the CL regions are resolved by two-dimensional SSNMR; one-dimensional methods are used for characterization in nativelike conditions. The spectra of 13CO-Ala in the CL regions are simulated using an HCTT-based statistical mechanical representation. Below Tg, longer segments with significant helical probabilities are consistent with the experimental data. At higher temperatures, the SSNMR lineshapes are best fit with a distribution of shorter (Ala)n segments, most in random coil. These results are used to refine a structure-function model for elastin in the context of HCTT, redirecting attention to the CL domains and their role in elasticity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jhonsen Djajamuliadi
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Kosuke Ohgo
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
| | - Kristin K Kumashiro
- Department of Chemistry, University of Hawaii, 2545 McCarthy Mall, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, United States
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Khumalo M, Sithole B, Tesfaye T. Valorisation of waste chicken feathers: Optimisation of keratin extraction from waste chicken feathers by sodium bisulphite, sodium dodecyl sulphate and urea. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2020; 262:110329. [PMID: 32250808 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2020.110329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2019] [Revised: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Extraction of keratin from keratinous waste materials, such as chicken feathers, has been identified as the favourable approach in beneficiation of this biomass. The chemical extractions of keratin by reducing agents are usually preferred because the process is much faster than its counterpart, oxidation extraction. One such reduction extraction is the use of a mixture of sodium bisulphite, sodium dodecyl sulphate and urea. There are at least five factors that may affect the keratin extraction process and its final properties when using this extraction. Even though this extraction method is often used, the effects of its independent variables have not been studied; as a result, the effects of independent variables cannot be fully linked to the extraction process and final keratin properties. Therefore, this study aimed to optimise the extraction of keratin from waste chicken feathers using sodium bisulphite, sodium dodecyl sulphate and urea. The optimisation was statistically performed using Response Surface Methodology (RSM) linked with Box-Behnken Design. After screening the independent variable using one factor at a time method, the concentration of sodium bisulphite, concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphate, reaction temperature and reaction time were chosen for the study. Twenty-nine experiments were statistically designed and executed, and their results were used to analyse the effects of all the independent variables in order to optimise the extraction process. The reaction temperature was found to be the most significant factor, while the concentration of sodium dodecyl sulphate was the most insignificant factor of this extraction process. Independent variables significance order was reaction temperature > reaction time > concentration of NaHSO3 > concentration of NaC12H25SO4. The designed reduced cubic model was significant and was used to predict the protein yield from the keratin extraction using sodium bisulphite.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mduduzi Khumalo
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, Durban, South Africa; Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Chemical Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban, South Africa.
| | - Bruce Sithole
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, Durban, South Africa; Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Chemical Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban, South Africa
| | - Tamrat Tesfaye
- University of KwaZulu-Natal, Discipline of Chemical Engineering, Durban, South Africa; Biorefinery Industry Development Facility, Chemical Cluster, Council for Scientific and Industrial Research, Durban, South Africa; Ethiopian Institute of Textile and Fashion Technology, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia
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