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Nishihara R, Dokainish HM, Kihara Y, Ashiba H, Sugita Y, Kurita R. Pseudo-Luciferase Activity of the SARS-CoV-2 Spike Protein for Cypridina Luciferin. ACS CENTRAL SCIENCE 2024; 10:283-290. [PMID: 38435535 PMCID: PMC10906034 DOI: 10.1021/acscentsci.3c00887] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 11/21/2023] [Accepted: 12/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2024]
Abstract
Enzymatic reactions that involve a luminescent substrate (luciferin) and enzyme (luciferase) from luminous organisms enable a luminescence detection of target proteins and cells with high specificity, albeit that conventional assay design requires a prelabeling of target molecules with luciferase. Here, we report a luciferase-independent luminescence assay in which the target protein directly catalyzes the oxidative luminescence reaction of luciferin. The SARS-CoV-2 antigen (spike) protein catalyzes the light emission of Cypridina luciferin, whereas no such catalytic function was observed for salivary proteins. This selective luminescence reaction is due to the enzymatic recognition of the 3-(1-guanidino)propyl group in luciferin at the interfaces between the units of the spike protein, allowing a specific detection of the spike protein in human saliva without sample pretreatment. This method offers a novel platform to detect virus antigens simply and rapidly without genetic manipulation or antibodies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishihara
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
- Japan
Science and Technology Agency (JST), PREST, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Hisham M. Dokainish
- Faculty
of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hokkaido University, Nishi 6 Kita12 Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0812, Japan
- Theoretical
Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster
for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
| | - Yoshiki Kihara
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
- Faculty
of
Pure and Applied Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
| | - Hiroki Ashiba
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
| | - Yuji Sugita
- Theoretical
Molecular Science Laboratory, RIKEN Cluster
for Pioneering Research, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan
- Laboratory
for Biomolecular Function Simulation, RIKEN
Center for Biosystems Dynamics Research, 6-7-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
- Computational
Biophysics Research Team, RIKEN Center for
Computational Science, 6-7-1 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo 650-0047, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kurita
- National
Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan
- Faculty
of
Pure and Applied Sciences, University of
Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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2
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Sakama A, Orioka M, Hiruta Y. Current advances in the development of bioluminescent probes toward spatiotemporal trans-scale imaging. Biophys Physicobiol 2024; 21:e211004. [PMID: 39175853 PMCID: PMC11338684 DOI: 10.2142/biophysico.bppb-v21.s004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/31/2024] [Indexed: 08/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence imaging has recently attracted great attention as a highly sensitive and non-invasive analytical method. However, weak signal and low chemical stability of the luciferin are conventional drawbacks of bioluminescence imaging. In this review article, we describe the recent progress on the development and applications of bioluminescent probes for overcoming the aforementioned limitations, thereby enabling spatiotemporal trans-scale imaging. The detailed molecular design for manipulation of their luminescent properties and functions enabled a variety of applications, including in vivo deep tissue imaging, long-term imaging, and chemical sensor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akihiro Sakama
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Mariko Orioka
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
| | - Yuki Hiruta
- Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, Yokohama, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan
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3
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Kim SB, Kamiya G, Furuta T, Kitada N, Maki SA. Coelenterazine Indicators for the Specific Imaging of Human and Bovine Serum Albumins. SENSORS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 23:6020. [PMID: 37447868 DOI: 10.3390/s23136020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 06/23/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023]
Abstract
Albumin assays in serum are important for the prognostic assessment of many life-threatening diseases, such as heart failure, liver disease, malnutrition, inflammatory bowel disease, infections, and kidney disease. In this study, synthetic coelenterazine (CTZ) indicators are developed to quantitatively illuminate human and bovine serum albumins (HSA and BSA) with high specificity. Their functional groups were chemically modified to specifically emit luminescence with HSA and BSA. The CTZ indicators were characterized by assaying the most abundant serum proteins and found that the CTZ indicators S6 and S6h were highly specific to HSA and BSA, respectively. Their colors were dramatically converted from blue, peaked at 480 nm, to yellowish green, peaked at 535 nm, according to the HSA-BSA mixing ratios, wherein the origins and mixing levels of the albumins can be easily determined by their colors and peak positions. The kinetic properties of HSA and BSA were investigated in detail, confirming that the serum albumins catalyze the CTZ indicators, which act as pseudo-luciferases. The catalytic reactions were efficiently inhibited by specific inhibitors, blocking the drug-binding sites I and II of HSA and BSA. Finally, the utility of the CTZ indicators was demonstrated through a quantitative imaging of the real fetal bovine serum (FBS). This study is the first example to show that the CTZ indicators specify HSA and BSA with different colors. This study contributes to the expansion of the toolbox of optical indicators, which efficiently assays serum proteins in physiological samples. Considering that these CTZ indicators immediately report quantitative optical signals with high specificity, they provide solutions to conventional technical hurdles on point-of-care assays of serum albumins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sung-Bae Kim
- Environmental Management Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukuba 305-8569, Japan
| | - Genta Kamiya
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan
| | - Tadaomi Furuta
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan
| | - Nobuo Kitada
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan
| | - Shojiro A Maki
- Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu 182-8585, Japan
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4
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Beyond luciferase-luciferin system: Modification, improved imaging and biomedical application. Coord Chem Rev 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2023.215045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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5
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S-Series Coelenterazine-Driven Combinatorial Bioluminescence Imaging Systems for Mammalian Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24021420. [PMID: 36674934 PMCID: PMC9865520 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24021420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
A unique combinatorial bioluminescence (BL) imaging system was developed for determining molecular events in mammalian cells with various colors and BL intensity patterns. This imaging system consists of one or multiple reporter luciferases and a series of novel coelenterazine (CTZ) analogues named "S-series". For this study, ten kinds of novel S-series CTZ analogues were synthesized and characterized concerning the BL intensities, spectra, colors, and specificity of various marine luciferases. The characterization revealed that the S-series CTZ analogues luminesce with blue-to-orange-colored BL spectra with marine luciferases, where the most red-shifted BL spectrum peaked at 583 nm. The colors completed a visible light color palette with those of our precedent C-series CTZ analogues. The synthesized substrates S1, S5, S6, and S7 were found to have a unique specificity with marine luciferases, such as R86SG, NanoLuc (shortly, NLuc), and ALuc16. They collectively showed unique BL intensity patterns to identify the marine luciferases together with colors. The marine luciferases, R86SG, NLuc, and ALuc16, were multiplexed into multi-reporter systems, the signals of which were quantitatively unmixed with the specific substrates. When the utility was applied to a single-chain molecular strain probe, the imaging system simultaneously reported three different optical indexes for a ligand, i.e., unique BL intensity and color patterns for identifying the reporters, together with the ligand-specific fold intensities in mammalian cells. This study directs a new combinatorial BL imaging system to specific image molecular events in mammalian cells with multiple optical indexes.
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6
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Kamiya G, Kitada N, Maki S, Kim SB. Multiplex quadruple bioluminescent assay system. Sci Rep 2022; 12:17485. [PMID: 36261452 PMCID: PMC9581999 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20468-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/12/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioluminescence (BL) is unique cold body radiation of light, generated by luciferin-luciferase reactions and commonly used in various bioassays and molecular imaging. However, most of the peak emissions of BL populate the blue-yellow region and have broad spectral bandwidths and thus superimpose each other, causing optical cross-leakages in multiplex assays. This study synthesized a new series of coelenterazine (CTZ) analogues, named K-series, that selectively illuminates marine luciferases with unique, blue-shifted spectral properties. The optical property and specificity of the K-series CTZ analogues were characterized by marine luciferases, with K2 and K5 found to specifically luminesce with ALuc- and RLuc-series marine luciferases, respectively. The results confirmed that the luciferase specificity and color variation of the CTZ analogues minimize the cross-leakages of BL signals and enable high-throughput screening of specific ligands in the mixture. The specificity and color variation of the substrates were further tailored to marine luciferases (or single-chain bioluminescent probes) to create a multiplex quadruple assay system with four integrated, single-chain bioluminescent probes, with each probe designed to selectively luminesce only with its specific ligand (first authentication) and a specific CTZ analogue (second authentication). This unique multiplex quadruple bioluminescent assay system is an efficient optical platform for specific and high-throughput imaging of multiple optical markers in bioassays without optical cross-leakages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Genta Kamiya
- grid.266298.10000 0000 9271 9936Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Nobuo Kitada
- grid.266298.10000 0000 9271 9936Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Shojiro Maki
- grid.266298.10000 0000 9271 9936Department of Engineering Science, Graduate School of Informatics and Engineering, The University of Electro-Communications, Chofu, Tokyo 182-8585 Japan
| | - Sung Bae Kim
- grid.208504.b0000 0001 2230 7538Research Institute for Environmental Management Technology, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 16-1 Onogawa, Tsukuba, 305-8569 Japan
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7
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Brown M, Hall A, Zahn H, Eisenberg M, Erickson S. Bacteriophage-Based Detection of Staphylococcus aureus in Human Serum. Viruses 2022; 14:v14081748. [PMID: 36016370 PMCID: PMC9416288 DOI: 10.3390/v14081748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacteriophages have been investigated for clinical utility, both as diagnostic tools and as therapeutic interventions. In order to be applied successfully, a detailed understanding of the influence of the human matrix on the interaction between bacteriophage and the host bacterium is required. In this study, a cocktail of luciferase bacteriophage reporters was assessed for functionality in a matrix containing human serum and spiked with Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition of signal and loss of sensitivity was evident with minimal amounts of serum. This phenotype was independent of bacterial growth and bacteriophage viability. Serum-mediated loss of signal was common, albeit not universal, among S. aureus strains. Immunoglobulin G was identified as an inhibitory component and partial inhibition was observed with both the f(ab’)2 and Fc region. A modified bacteriophage cocktail containing recombinant protein A was developed, which substantially improved signal without the need for additional sample purification. This study highlights the importance of assessing bacteriophage activity in relevant host matrices. Furthermore, it identifies an effective solution, recombinant protein A, for promoting bacteriophage-based detection of S. aureus in matrices containing human serum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Brown
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Alex Hall
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Henriett Zahn
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, New Brighton, MN 55112, USA
| | - Marcia Eisenberg
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, Burlington, NC 27215, USA
| | - Stephen Erickson
- Laboratory Corporation of America Holdings, New Brighton, MN 55112, USA
- Correspondence:
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Ishimoto T, Okada T, Fujisaka S, Yagi K, Tobe K, Toyooka N, Mori H. A New Method for Albuminuria Measurement Using a Specific Reaction between Albumin and the Luciferin of the Firefly Squid Watasenia scintillans. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158342. [PMID: 35955470 PMCID: PMC9368953 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2022] [Revised: 07/19/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
This study demonstrates that the luciferin of the firefly squid Watasenia scintillans, which generally reacts with Watasenia luciferase, reacted with human albumin to emit light in proportion to the albumin concentration. The luminescence showed a peak wavelength at 540 nm and was eliminated by heat or protease treatment. We used urine samples collected from patients with diabetes to quantify urinary albumin concentration, which is essential for the early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Consequently, we were able to measure urinary albumin concentrations by precipitating urinary proteins with acetone before the reaction with luciferin. A correlation was found with the result of the immunoturbidimetric method; however, the Watasenia luciferin method tended to produce lower albumin concentrations. This may be because the Watasenia luciferin reacts with only intact albumin. Therefore, the quantification method using Watasenia luciferin is a new principle of urinary albumin measurement that differs from already established methods such as immunoturbidimetry and high-performance liquid chromatography.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tetsuya Ishimoto
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Correspondence:
| | - Takuya Okada
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama City, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; (T.O.); (N.T.)
| | - Shiho Fujisaka
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.F.); (K.Y.); (K.T.)
| | - Kunimasa Yagi
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.F.); (K.Y.); (K.T.)
- Department of Internal Medicine, Kanazawa Medical University, 1-1 Daigaku, Uchinada-machi, Kahoku-gun, Ishikawa 920-0293, Japan
| | - Kazuyuki Tobe
- First Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan; (S.F.); (K.Y.); (K.T.)
| | - Naoki Toyooka
- Faculty of Engineering, University of Toyama, 3190 Gofuku, Toyama City, Toyama 930-8555, Japan; (T.O.); (N.T.)
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
| | - Hisashi Mori
- Department of Molecular Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan;
- Research Center for Idling Brain Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
- Research Center for Pre-Disease Science, University of Toyama, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama City, Toyama 930-0194, Japan
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9
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Kanie S, Komatsu M, Mitani Y. Molecular insights into luminescence system of the pelagic shrimp Lucensosergia lucens. Biosci Biotechnol Biochem 2022; 86:368-373. [PMID: 35025982 DOI: 10.1093/bbb/zbac004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Lucensosergia lucens is a luminous marine shrimp that has been suggested to use a coelenterazine-dependent luminescence system. However, the genetic information related to the luminescence system is lacking. Our RNA-Seq analysis of this shrimp did not show the existence of known or homologous coelenterazine-dependent luciferase genes. Subsequent biochemical analyses suggested that the shrimp possessed unknown proteinaceous components for coelenterazine luminescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shusei Kanie
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Japan
| | - Mami Komatsu
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Japan
| | - Yasuo Mitani
- Bioproduction Research Institute, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Sapporo, Japan
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10
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Nishihara R, Kurita R. Mix-and-read bioluminescent copper detection platform using a caged coelenterazine analogue. Analyst 2021; 146:6139-6144. [PMID: 34486602 DOI: 10.1039/d1an01292d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Serum copper levels are biomarkers for copper-related diseases. Quantification of levels of free copper (not bound to proteins) in serum is important for diagnosing Wilson's disease, in which the free copper concentration is elevated. Bioluminescence is commonly used in point-of-care diagnostics, but these assays require genetically engineered luciferase. Here, we developed a luciferase-independent copper detection platform. A luminogenic caged coelenterazine analogue (TPA-H1) was designed and synthesized to detect copper ions in human serum. TPA-H1 was developed by introducing a tris[(2-pyridyl)-methyl]amine (TPA) ligand, which is a Cu+ cleavable caging group, to the carbonyl group at the C-3 position of the imidazopyrazinone scaffold. The luciferin, named HuLumino1, is the product of the cleavage reaction of TPA-H1 with a copper ion and displays "turn-on" bioluminescence signals specifically with human serum albumin, which can be used to quantitatively analyse copper ions. TPA-H1 exhibited a fast cleavage of the protective group, high specificity, and high sensitivity for copper over other metal ions. This novel caged coelenterazine derivative, TPA-H1, can detect free copper ions in serum in a simple "mix-and-read" manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ryo Nishihara
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. .,DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.,Japan Science and Technology Agency (JST), PRESTO, 4-1-8, Honcho, Kawaguchi, Saitama 332-0012, Japan
| | - Ryoji Kurita
- National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8566, Japan. .,DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Centre for Translational and Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Central 5-41, 1-1-1 Higashi, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan.,Faculty of Pure and Applied Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8573, Japan
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