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Blokhina EA, Mardanova ES, Zykova AA, Shuklina MA, Stepanova LA, Tsybalova LM, Ravin NV. Chimeric Virus-like Particles of Physalis Mottle Virus as Carriers of M2e Peptides of Influenza a Virus. Viruses 2024; 16:1802. [PMID: 39599916 PMCID: PMC11598990 DOI: 10.3390/v16111802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2024] [Revised: 11/18/2024] [Accepted: 11/19/2024] [Indexed: 11/29/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant viruses and virus-like particles (VLPs) are safe for mammals and can be used as a carrier/platform for the presentation of foreign antigens in vaccine development. The aim of this study was to use the coat protein (CP) of Physalis mottle virus (PhMV) as a carrier to display the extracellular domain of the transmembrane protein M2 of influenza A virus (M2e). M2e is a highly conserved antigen, but to induce an effective immune response it must be linked to an adjuvant or carrier VLP. Four tandem copies of M2e were either fused to the N-terminus of the full-length PhMV CP or replaced the 43 N-terminal amino acids of the PhMV CP. Only the first fusion protein was successfully expressed in Escherichia coli, where it self-assembled into spherical VLPs of about 30 nm in size. The particles were efficiently recognized by anti-M2e antibodies, indicating that the M2e peptides were exposed on the surface. Subcutaneous immunization of mice with VLPs carrying four copies of M2e induced high levels of M2e-specific IgG antibodies in serum and protected animals from a lethal influenza A virus challenge. Therefore, PhMV particles carrying M2e peptides may become useful research tools for the development of recombinant influenza vaccines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Blokhina
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Eugenia S. Mardanova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anna A. Zykova
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
| | - Marina A. Shuklina
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Liudmila A. Stepanova
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Liudmila M. Tsybalova
- Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, Russian Ministry of Health, 197376 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Nikolai V. Ravin
- Institute of Bioengineering, Research Center of Biotechnology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071 Moscow, Russia
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Sadaba N, Bayón JL, Nelson A, Steinmetz NF. Digital light processing (DLP) 3D printing of polymer networks comprising virus-like particles. Chem Commun (Camb) 2024; 60:9733-9736. [PMID: 39037748 DOI: 10.1039/d4cc02411g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/23/2024]
Abstract
In this work, we introduce a 3D-printable virus-like particle (VLP)-enhanced cross-linked biopolymer system. VLPs displaying surface-available acrylate groups were prepared through aza-Michael addition to serve as resins. The VLP resins were then photopolymerized into a poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA) network following DLP 3D printing. This approach represents a convergence of disciplines, where the synergistic interaction between virology and additive manufacturing unlocks new frontiers in biotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naroa Sadaba
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Jorge Leganés Bayón
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
| | - Alshakim Nelson
- Department of Chemistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Aiiso Yufeng Li Family Department of Chemical and Nano Engineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Shu and K.C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute of Engineering in Medicine, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, University of California San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr, La Jolla, California 92093, USA
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Wu Z, Bayón JL, Kouznetsova TB, Ouchi T, Barkovich KJ, Hsu SK, Craig SL, Steinmetz NF. Virus-like Particles Armored by an Endoskeleton. NANO LETTERS 2024; 24:2989-2997. [PMID: 38294951 DOI: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.3c03806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
Many virus-like particles (VLPs) have good chemical, thermal, and mechanical stabilities compared to those of other biologics. However, their stability needs to be improved for the commercialization and use in translation of VLP-based materials. We developed an endoskeleton-armored strategy for enhancing VLP stability. Specifically, the VLPs of physalis mottle virus (PhMV) and Qβ were used to demonstrate this concept. We built an internal polymer "backbone" using a maleimide-PEG15-maleimide cross-linker to covalently interlink viral coat proteins inside the capsid cavity, while the native VLPs are held together by only noncovalent bonding between subunits. Endoskeleton-armored VLPs exhibited significantly improved thermal stability (95 °C for 15 min), increased resistance to denaturants (i.e., surfactants, pHs, chemical denaturants, and organic solvents), and enhanced mechanical performance. Single-molecule force spectroscopy demonstrated a 6-fold increase in rupture distance and a 1.9-fold increase in rupture force of endoskeleton-armored PhMV. Overall, this endoskeleton-armored strategy provides more opportunities for the development and applications of materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuohong Wu
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Jorge L Bayón
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Tatiana B Kouznetsova
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Tetsu Ouchi
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Krister J Barkovich
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Sean K Hsu
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
| | - Stephen L Craig
- Department of Chemistry, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, United States
| | - Nicole F Steinmetz
- Department of NanoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Nano-ImmunoEngineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Moores Cancer Center, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Shu and K. C. Chien and Peter Farrell Collaboratory, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Radiology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Molecular Biology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Department of Bioengineering, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Institute for Materials Discovery and Design, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
- Center for Engineering in Cancer, Institute for Engineering in Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States
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Li H, Zhu Y, Wang X, Feng Y, Qian Y, Ma Q, Li X, Chen Y, Chen K. Joining Forces: The Combined Application of Therapeutic Viruses and Nanomaterials in Cancer Therapy. Molecules 2023; 28:7679. [PMID: 38005401 PMCID: PMC10674375 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/29/2023] [Revised: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Cancer, on a global scale, presents a monumental challenge to our healthcare systems, posing a significant threat to human health. Despite the considerable progress we have made in the diagnosis and treatment of cancer, realizing precision cancer therapy, reducing side effects, and enhancing efficacy remain daunting tasks. Fortunately, the emergence of therapeutic viruses and nanomaterials provides new possibilities for tackling these issues. Therapeutic viruses possess the ability to accurately locate and attack tumor cells, while nanomaterials serve as efficient drug carriers, delivering medication precisely to tumor tissues. The synergy of these two elements has led to a novel approach to cancer treatment-the combination of therapeutic viruses and nanomaterials. This advantageous combination has overcome the limitations associated with the side effects of oncolytic viruses and the insufficient tumoricidal capacity of nanomedicines, enabling the oncolytic viruses to more effectively breach the tumor's immune barrier. It focuses on the lesion site and even allows for real-time monitoring of the distribution of therapeutic viruses and drug release, achieving a synergistic effect. This article comprehensively explores the application of therapeutic viruses and nanomaterials in tumor treatment, dissecting their working mechanisms, and integrating the latest scientific advancements to predict future development trends. This approach, which combines viral therapy with the application of nanomaterials, represents an innovative and more effective treatment strategy, offering new perspectives in the field of tumor therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
- Ocean College, Beibu Gulf University, Qinzhou 535011, China
| | - Yunhuan Zhu
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xin Wang
- Center of Infectious Disease Research, School of Life Science, Westlake University, Hangzhou 310024, China;
| | - Yilu Feng
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yuncheng Qian
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Qiman Ma
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Xinyuan Li
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Yihan Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
| | - Keda Chen
- Shulan International Medical College, Zhejiang Shuren University, Hangzhou 310015, China; (Y.Z.); (Y.F.); (Y.Q.); (Q.M.); (X.L.); (Y.C.)
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