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Bauer D, Cornejo MA, Hoang TT, Lewis JS, Zeglis BM. Click Chemistry and Radiochemistry: An Update. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:1925-1950. [PMID: 37737084 PMCID: PMC10655046 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00286] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 08/16/2023] [Indexed: 09/23/2023]
Abstract
The term "click chemistry" describes a class of organic transformations that were developed to make chemical synthesis simpler and easier, in essence allowing chemists to combine molecular subunits as if they were puzzle pieces. Over the last 25 years, the click chemistry toolbox has swelled from the canonical copper-catalyzed azide-alkyne cycloaddition to encompass an array of ligations, including bioorthogonal variants, such as the strain-promoted azide-alkyne cycloaddition and the inverse electron-demand Diels-Alder reaction. Without question, the rise of click chemistry has impacted all areas of chemical and biological science. Yet the unique traits of radiopharmaceutical chemistry have made it particularly fertile ground for this technology. In this update, we seek to provide a comprehensive guide to recent developments at the intersection of click chemistry and radiopharmaceutical chemistry and to illuminate several exciting trends in the field, including the use of emergent click transformations in radiosynthesis, the clinical translation of novel probes synthesized using click chemistry, and the advent of click-based in vivo pretargeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Bauer
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
| | - Mike A. Cornejo
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Tran T. Hoang
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
| | - Jason S. Lewis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
| | - Brian M. Zeglis
- Department
of Radiology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer
Center, New York, New York 10021, United States
- Department
of Chemistry, Hunter College, City University
of New York, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Ph.D.
Program in Chemistry, Graduate Center of
the City University of New York, New York, New York 10016, United States
- Department
of Pharmacology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York 10065, United States
- Department
of Radiology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York 10021, New York United States
- Ph.D.
Program
in Biochemistry, Graduate Center of the
City University of New York, New
York, New York 10016, United States
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Raheem SJ, Salih AK, Garcia MD, Sharpe JC, Toosi BM, Price EW. A Systematic Investigation into the Influence of Net Charge on the Biological Distribution of Radiometalated Peptides Using [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE Derivatives. Bioconjug Chem 2023; 34:549-561. [PMID: 36800496 DOI: 10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.3c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Recently, several radiometalated peptides have been approved for clinical imaging and/or therapy (theranostics) of several types of cancer; nonetheless, the primary challenge that most of these peptides confront is significant renal uptake and retention, which is often dose limiting and can cause nephrotoxicity. In response to this, numerous methods have been employed to reduce the uptake of radiometalated peptides in the kidneys, and among these is adding a linker to modulate polarity and/or charge. To better understand the influence of net charge on the biodistribution of radiometalated peptides, we selected the clinically popular construct DOTA-TATE (NETSPOT/LUTATHERA) as a model system. We synthesized derivatives using manual solid-phase peptide synthesis methods including mechanical and ultrasonic agitation to effectively yield the gold standard DOTA-TATE and a series of derivatives with different net charges (+2, +1, 0, -1, -2). Dynamic PET imaging from 0 to 90 min in healthy female mice (CD1) revealed high accumulation and retention of activity in the kidneys for the net-neutral (0) charged [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE and even higher for positively charged derivatives, whereas negatively charged derivatives exhibited low accumulation and fast renal excretion. Ex vivo biodistribution at 2 h post injection demonstrated a significant retention of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE (∼74 %ID/g) in the kidneys, which increased as the net positive charge per molecule increased to +1 and +2 (∼272 %ID/g and ∼333 %ID/g, respectively), but the -1 and -2 net charged molecules exhibited lower renal uptake (∼15 %ID/g and 16 %ID/g, respectively). Interestingly, the net -2 charged [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-(Glu)2-PEG4-TATE was stable in blood serum but had much higher healthy organ uptake (lungs, liver, spleen) than the net -1 compound, suggesting instability in vivo. Although the [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-PEG4-TATE derivative with a net charge of 0 also showed a decrease in kidney uptake, it also showed instability in blood serum and in vivo. Despite the superior pharmacokinetics of the net -1 charged [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-Glu-PEG4-TATE in healthy mice with respect to kidney uptake and overall profile, dynamic PET images and ex vivo biodistribution in male mice (NSG) bearing AR42J (SSTR2 overexpressing) subcutaneous tumor xenografts showed significantly diminished tumor uptake when compared to the gold standard [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE. Taken together, these findings indicate unambiguously that kidney uptake and retention are significantly influenced by the net charge of peptide-based radiotracers. In addition, it was illustrated that the negatively charged peptides had substantially decreased kidney uptake, but in this instantiation the tumor uptake was also impaired.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shvan J Raheem
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, S7N-5C9, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Akam K Salih
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, S7N-5C9, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Moralba Dominguez Garcia
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, S7N-5C9, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Jessica C Sharpe
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, S7N-5B4, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Behzad M Toosi
- Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, S7N-5B4, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
| | - Eric W Price
- Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, University of Saskatchewan, 110 Science Place, S7N-5C9, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, Canada
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Sweetening Pharmaceutical Radiochemistry by 18F-Fluoroglycosylation: Recent Progress and Future Prospects. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14111175. [PMID: 34832957 PMCID: PMC8621802 DOI: 10.3390/ph14111175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Revised: 11/11/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
In the field of 18F-chemistry for the development of radiopharmaceuticals for positron emission tomography (PET), various labeling strategies by the use of prosthetic groups have been implemented, including chemoselective 18F-labeling of biomolecules. Among those, chemoselective 18F-fluoroglycosylation methods focus on the sweetening of pharmaceutical radiochemistry by offering a highly valuable tool for the synthesis of 18F-glycoconjugates with suitable in vivo properties for PET imaging studies. A previous review covered the various 18F-fluoroglycosylation methods that were developed and applied as of 2014 (Maschauer and Prante, BioMed. Res. Int. 2014, 214748). This paper is an updated review, providing the recent progress in 18F-fluoroglycosylation reactions and the preclinical application of 18F-glycoconjugates, including small molecules, peptides, and high-molecular-weight proteins.
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Archibald SJ, Allott L. The aluminium-[ 18F]fluoride revolution: simple radiochemistry with a big impact for radiolabelled biomolecules. EJNMMI Radiopharm Chem 2021; 6:30. [PMID: 34436693 PMCID: PMC8390636 DOI: 10.1186/s41181-021-00141-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The aluminium-[18F]fluoride ([18F]AlF) radiolabelling method combines the favourable decay characteristics of fluorine-18 with the convenience and familiarity of metal-based radiochemistry and has been used to parallel gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical developments. As such, the [18F]AlF method is popular and widely implemented in the development of radiopharmaceuticals for the clinic. In this review, we capture the current status of [18F]AlF-based technology and reflect upon its impact on nuclear medicine, as well as offering our perspective on what the future holds for this unique radiolabelling method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephen J Archibald
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK.,Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK
| | - Louis Allott
- Positron Emission Tomography Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. .,Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Hull, Cottingham Road, Kingston upon Hull, HU6 7RX, UK. .,Hull University Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Castle Hill Hospital, Castle Road, Cottingham, HU16 5JQ, UK.
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Evaluation of 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide for imaging neuroendocrine neoplasms: comparison with 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. EJNMMI Res 2021; 11:55. [PMID: 34106351 PMCID: PMC8190415 DOI: 10.1186/s13550-021-00797-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2021] [Accepted: 05/28/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective To evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of 18F-AlF-NOTA-octreotide (18F-OC) PET/CT compared with that of 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT. Materials and methods Twenty patients (mean age: 52.65 years, range: 24–70 years) with biopsy-proven neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) were enrolled in this prospective study. We compared the biodistribution profiles in normal organs based on the maximum standard uptake value (SUVmax) and mean standard uptake value (SUVmean), and uptake in NEN lesions by measuring the SUVmax on 18F-OC and 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT images. The tumor-to-liver ratio (TLR) and tumor-to-spleen ratio were calculated by dividing the SUVmax of different tumor lesions by the SUVmean of the liver and spleen, respectively. The Wilcoxon signed-rank test was used to compare nonparametric data. Data were expressed as the median (interquartile range). Results In most organs, there were no significant differences in the biodistribution of 68Ga-DOTATATE and 18F-OC. 18F-OC had significantly lower uptake in the salivary glands and liver than 68Ga-DOTATATE. 18F-OC detected more lesions than 68Ga-DOTATATE. The uptake of 18F-OC in the tumors was higher in most patients, but the difference was not statistically significant relative to that of 68Ga-DOTATATE. However, the TLRs of 18F-OC were higher in most patients, including for lesions in the liver (p = 0.02) and lymph nodes (p = 0.02). Conclusion Relative to 68Ga-DOTATATE, 18F-OC possesses favorable characteristics with similar image quality and satisfactory NEN lesion detection rates, especially in the liver due to its low background uptake. 18F-OC therefore offers a promising clinical alternative for 68Ga-DOTATATE. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13550-021-00797-4.
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6
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Methods to radiolabel somatostatin analogs with [18F]fluoride: current status, challenges, and progress in clinical applications. J Radioanal Nucl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10967-020-07437-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Eychenne R, Bouvry C, Bourgeois M, Loyer P, Benoist E, Lepareur N. Overview of Radiolabeled Somatostatin Analogs for Cancer Imaging and Therapy. Molecules 2020; 25:E4012. [PMID: 32887456 PMCID: PMC7504749 DOI: 10.3390/molecules25174012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2020] [Revised: 08/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Identified in 1973, somatostatin (SST) is a cyclic hormone peptide with a short biological half-life. Somatostatin receptors (SSTRs) are widely expressed in the whole body, with five subtypes described. The interaction between SST and its receptors leads to the internalization of the ligand-receptor complex and triggers different cellular signaling pathways. Interestingly, the expression of SSTRs is significantly enhanced in many solid tumors, especially gastro-entero-pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors (GEP-NET). Thus, somatostatin analogs (SSAs) have been developed to improve the stability of the endogenous ligand and so extend its half-life. Radiolabeled analogs have been developed with several radioelements such as indium-111, technetium-99 m, and recently gallium-68, fluorine-18, and copper-64, to visualize the distribution of receptor overexpression in tumors. Internal metabolic radiotherapy is also used as a therapeutic strategy (e.g., using yttrium-90, lutetium-177, and actinium-225). With some radiopharmaceuticals now used in clinical practice, somatostatin analogs developed for imaging and therapy are an example of the concept of personalized medicine with a theranostic approach. Here, we review the development of these analogs, from the well-established and authorized ones to the most recently developed radiotracers, which have better pharmacokinetic properties and demonstrate increased efficacy and safety, as well as the search for new clinical indications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Eychenne
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Christelle Bouvry
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- CNRS, ISCR (Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes)—UMR 6226, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France
| | - Mickael Bourgeois
- Groupement d’Intérêt Public ARRONAX, 1 Rue Aronnax, F-44817 Saint Herblain, France;
- CNRS, CRCINA (Centre de Recherche en Cancérologie et Immunologie Nantes—Angers)—UMR 1232, ERL 6001, Inserm, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Pascal Loyer
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
| | - Eric Benoist
- UPS, CNRS, SPCMIB (Laboratoire de Synthèse et Physico-Chimie de Molécules d’Intérêt Biologique)—UMR 5068, Université de Toulouse, F-31062 Toulouse, France; (R.E.); (E.B.)
| | - Nicolas Lepareur
- Comprehensive Cancer Center Eugène Marquis, Rennes, F-35000, France;
- INRAE, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition, Métabolismes et Cancer)—UMR_A 1341, UMR_S 1241, Inserm, Univ Rennes, F-35000 Rennes, France;
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Allott L, Dubash S, Aboagye EO. [ 18F]FET-βAG-TOCA: The Design, Evaluation and Clinical Translation of a Fluorinated Octreotide. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040865. [PMID: 32252406 PMCID: PMC7226534 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The success of Lutathera™ ([177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE) in the NETTER-1 clinical trial as a peptide receptor radionuclide therapy (PRRT) for somatostatin receptor expressing (SSTR) neuroendocrine tumours (NET) is likely to increase the demand for patient stratification by positron emission tomography (PET). The current gold standard of gallium-68 radiolabelled somatostatin analogues (e.g., [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE) works effectively, but access is constrained by the limited availability and scalability of gallium-68 radiopharmaceutical production. The aim of this review is three-fold: firstly, we discuss the peptide library design, biological evaluation and clinical translation of [18F]fluoroethyltriazole-βAG-TOCA ([18F]FET-βAG-TOCA), our fluorine-18 radiolabelled octreotide; secondly, to exemplify the potential of the 2-[18F]fluoroethylazide prosthetic group and copper-catalysed azide-alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) chemistry in accessing good manufacturing practice (GMP) compatible radiopharmaceuticals; thirdly, we aim to illustrate a framework for the translation of similarly radiolabelled peptides, in which in vivo pharmacokinetics drives candidate selection, supported by robust radiochemistry methodology and a route to GMP production. It is hoped that this review will continue to inspire the development and translation of fluorine-18 radiolabelled peptides into clinical studies for the benefit of patients.
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Ermert J, Benešová M, Hugenberg V, Gupta V, Spahn I, Pietzsch HJ, Liolios C, Kopka K. Radiopharmaceutical Sciences. Clin Nucl Med 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-39457-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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10
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Clinical Application of 18F-AlF-NOTA-Octreotide PET/CT in Combination With 18F-FDG PET/CT for Imaging Neuroendocrine Neoplasms. Clin Nucl Med 2019; 44:452-458. [DOI: 10.1097/rlu.0000000000002578] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
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11
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Makris G, Kuchuk M, Gallazzi F, Jurisson SS, Smith CJ, Hennkens HM. Somatostatin receptor targeting with hydrophilic [99mTc/186Re]Tc/Re-tricarbonyl NODAGA and NOTA complexes. Nucl Med Biol 2019; 71:39-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.nucmedbio.2019.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2019] [Revised: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
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12
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Waldmann CM, Stuparu AD, van Dam RM, Slavik R. The Search for an Alternative to [ 68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE in Neuroendocrine Tumor Theranostics: Current State of 18F-labeled Somatostatin Analog Development. Theranostics 2019; 9:1336-1347. [PMID: 30867834 PMCID: PMC6401503 DOI: 10.7150/thno.31806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The trend to inform personalized molecular radiotherapy with molecular imaging diagnostics, a concept referred to as theranostics, has transformed the field of nuclear medicine in recent years. The development of theranostic pairs comprising somatostatin receptor (SSTR)-targeting nuclear imaging probes and therapeutic agents for the treatment of patients with neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has been a driving force behind this development. With the Neuroendocrine Tumor Therapy (NETTER-1) phase 3 trial reporting encouraging results in the treatment of well-differentiated, metastatic midgut NETs, peptide radioligand therapy (RLT) with the 177Lu-labeled somatostatin analog (SSA) [177Lu]Lu-DOTA-TATE is now anticipated to become the standard of care. On the diagnostics side, the field is currently dominated by 68Ga-labeled SSAs for the molecular imaging of NETs with positron emission tomography-computed tomography (PET/CT). PET/CT imaging with SSAs such as [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE, [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TOC, and [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-NOC allows for NET staging with high accuracy and is used to qualify patients for RLT. Driven by the demand for PET/CT imaging of NETs, a commercial kit for the production of [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE (NETSPOT) was approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The synthesis of 68Ga-labeled SSAs from a 68Ge/68Ga-generator is straightforward and allows for a decentralized production, but there are economic and logistic difficulties associated with these approaches that warrant the search for a viable, generator-independent alternative. The clinical introduction of an 18F-labeled SSTR-imaging probe can help mitigate the shortcomings of the generator-based synthesis approach, but despite extensive research efforts, none of the proposed 18F-labeled SSAs has been translated past prospective first-in-humans studies so far. Here, we review the current state of probe-development from a translational viewpoint and make a case for a clinically viable, 18F-labeled alternative to the current standard [68Ga]Ga-DOTA-TATE.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher M Waldmann
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Andreea D Stuparu
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - R Michael van Dam
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Crump Institute for Molecular Imaging, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
| | - Roger Slavik
- Ahmanson Translational Imaging Division, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
- Department of Molecular & Medical Pharmacology, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095
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Allott L, Barnes C, Brickute D, Aboagye EO. An improved automated radiosynthesis of [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA. REACT CHEM ENG 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8re00279g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The fluorine-18 radiolabelled octreotide [18F]FET-βAG-TOCA has been evaluated clinically for positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of neuroendocrine tumours (NETs). An improved automated radiosynthesis using “click” chemistry (CuAAC) and the 2-[18F]fluoroethylazide prosthetic group is reported and with minimal adaptation, may be used for radiolabelling other peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Louis Allott
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre
- Imperial College London
- Hammersmith Hospital
- London
- UK
| | - Chris Barnes
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre
- Imperial College London
- Hammersmith Hospital
- London
- UK
| | - Diana Brickute
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre
- Imperial College London
- Hammersmith Hospital
- London
- UK
| | - Eric O. Aboagye
- Comprehensive Cancer Imaging Centre
- Imperial College London
- Hammersmith Hospital
- London
- UK
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Toms J, Reshetnikov V, Maschauer S, Mokhir A, Prante O. Radiosynthesis of an 18
F-fluoroglycosylated aminoferrocene for in-vivo imaging of reactive oxygen species activity by PET. J Labelled Comp Radiopharm 2018; 61:1081-1088. [DOI: 10.1002/jlcr.3687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2018] [Revised: 08/14/2018] [Accepted: 10/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Johannes Toms
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Viktor Reshetnikov
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Simone Maschauer
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Andriy Mokhir
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Organic Chemistry Chair II; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
| | - Olaf Prante
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Molecular Imaging and Radiochemistry; Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU); Erlangen Germany
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