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Eluu SC, Obayemi JD, Salifu AA, Yiporo D, Oko AO, Aina T, Oparah JC, Ezeala CC, Etinosa PO, Ugwu CM, Esimone CO, Soboyejo WO. In-vivo studies of targeted and localized cancer drug release from microporous poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) devices for the treatment of triple negative breast cancer. Sci Rep 2024; 14:31. [PMID: 38167999 PMCID: PMC10761815 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-50656-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treatment is challenging and frequently characterized by an aggressive phenotype and low prognosis in comparison to other subtypes. This paper presents fabricated implantable drug-loaded microporous poly-di-methyl-siloxane (PDMS) devices for the delivery of targeted therapeutic agents [Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone conjugated paclitaxel (PTX-LHRH) and Luteinizing Hormone-Releasing Hormone conjugated prodigiosin (PG-LHRH)] for the treatment and possible prevention of triple-negative cancer recurrence. In vitro assessment using the Alamar blue assay demonstrated a significant reduction (p < 0.05) in percentage of cell growth in a time-dependent manner in the groups treated with PG, PG-LHRH, PTX, and PTX-LHRH. Subcutaneous triple-negative xenograft breast tumors were then induced in athymic female nude mice that were four weeks old. Two weeks later, the tumors were surgically but partially removed, and the device implanted. Mice were observed for tumor regrowth and organ toxicity. The animal study revealed that there was no tumor regrowth, six weeks post-treatment, when the LHRH targeted drugs (LHRH-PTX and LHRH-PGS) were used for the treatment. The possible cytotoxic effects of the released drugs on the liver, kidney, and lung are assessed using quantitative biochemical assay from blood samples of the treatment groups. Ex vivo histopathological results from organ tissues showed that the targeted cancer drugs released from the implantable drug-loaded device did not induce any adverse effect on the liver, kidneys, or lungs, based on the results of qualitative toxicity studies. The implications of the results are discussed for the targeted and localized treatment of triple negative breast cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- S C Eluu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - J D Obayemi
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gateway Park Life Sciences and Bioengineering Centre, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - A A Salifu
- Department of Engineering, Morrissey College of Arts and Science, Boston College, Boston, USA
| | - D Yiporo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Ashesi University, Berekuso, Ghana
| | - A O Oko
- Department of Biology and Biotechnology, David Umahi Federal, University of Health Sciences, Uburu, Nigeria
| | - T Aina
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - J C Oparah
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - C C Ezeala
- Department of Material Science, African University of Science and Technology, Km 10 Airport Road, Abuja, Nigeria
| | - P O Etinosa
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA
| | - C M Ugwu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - C O Esimone
- Department of Pharmaceutical Microbiology and Biotechnology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Ifite Awka, 420110, Anambra State, Nigeria
| | - W O Soboyejo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Higgins Lab, Worcester Polytechnic Institute (WPI), 100 Institute Road, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Gateway Park Life Sciences and Bioengineering Centre, Worcester Polytechnic Institute, 60 Prescott Street, Worcester, MA, 01609, USA.
- Department of Engineering, SUNY Polytechnic Institute, 100 Seymour Rd, Utica, NY, 13502, USA.
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Mangla P, Vicentini Q, Biscans A. Therapeutic Oligonucleotides: An Outlook on Chemical Strategies to Improve Endosomal Trafficking. Cells 2023; 12:2253. [PMID: 37759475 PMCID: PMC10527716 DOI: 10.3390/cells12182253] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 08/30/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The potential of oligonucleotide therapeutics is undeniable as more than 15 drugs have been approved to treat various diseases in the liver, central nervous system (CNS), and muscles. However, achieving effective delivery of oligonucleotide therapeutics to specific tissues still remains a major challenge, limiting their widespread use. Chemical modifications play a crucial role to overcome biological barriers to enable efficient oligonucleotide delivery to the tissues/cells of interest. They provide oligonucleotide metabolic stability and confer favourable pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic properties. This review focuses on the various chemical approaches implicated in mitigating the delivery problem of oligonucleotides and their limitations. It highlights the importance of linkers in designing oligonucleotide conjugates and discusses their potential role in escaping the endosomal barrier, a bottleneck in the development of oligonucleotide therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyanka Mangla
- Oligonucleotide Discovery, Discovery Sciences Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 38 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.M.); (Q.V.)
| | - Quentin Vicentini
- Oligonucleotide Discovery, Discovery Sciences Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 38 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.M.); (Q.V.)
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Clinical Research Centre, Karolinska Institute, 141 57 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Annabelle Biscans
- Oligonucleotide Discovery, Discovery Sciences Research and Development, AstraZeneca, 431 38 Gothenburg, Sweden; (P.M.); (Q.V.)
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Hu Y, Chen D, Napoleon JV, Srinivasarao M, Singhal S, Savran CA, Low PS. Efficient capture of circulating tumor cells with low molecular weight folate receptor-specific ligands. Sci Rep 2022; 12:8555. [PMID: 35595733 PMCID: PMC9122947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-12118-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Retrieval of circulating tumor cells (CTC) has proven valuable for assessing a patient's cancer burden, evaluating response to therapy, and analyzing which drug might treat a cancer best. Although most isolation methods retrieve CTCs based on size, shape, or capture by tumor-specific antibodies, we explore here the use of small molecule tumor-specific ligands linked to magnetic beads for CTC capture. We have designed folic acid-biotin conjugates with different linkers for the capture of folate receptor (FR) + tumor cells spiked into whole blood, and application of the same technology to isolate FR + CTCs from the peripheral blood of both tumor-bearing mice and non-small cell lung patients. We demonstrate that folic acid linked via a rigid linker to a flexible PEG spacer that is in turn tethered to a magnetic bead enables optimal CTC retrieval, reaching nearly 100% capture when 100 cancer cells are spiked into 1 mL of aqueous buffer and ~ 90% capture when the same quantity of cells is diluted into whole blood. In a live animal model, the same methodology is shown to efficiently retrieve CTCs from tumor-bearing mice, yielding cancer cell counts that are proportional to total tumor burden. More importantly, the same method is shown to collect ~ 29 CTCs/8 mL peripheral blood from patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Since the ligand-presentation strategy optimized here should also prove useful in targeting other nanoparticles to other cells, the methods described below should have general applicability in the design of nanoparticles for cell-specific targeting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingwen Hu
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Danyang Chen
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - John V Napoleon
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Madduri Srinivasarao
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Sunil Singhal
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA
| | - Cagri A Savran
- School of Mechanical Engineering, Birck Nanotechnology Center, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue University, 1205 W. State St., West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA
| | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue Center for Cancer Research, Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, 720 Clinic Drive, West Lafayette, IN, 47907, USA.
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Bhat MA, Mishra AK, Bhat MA, Banday MI, Bashir O, Rather IA, Rahman S, Shah AA, Jan AT. Myxobacteria as a Source of New Bioactive Compounds: A Perspective Study. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:1265. [PMID: 34452226 PMCID: PMC8401837 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13081265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxobacteria are unicellular, Gram-negative, soil-dwelling, gliding bacteria that belong to class δ-proteobacteria and order Myxococcales. They grow and proliferate by transverse fission under normal conditions, but form fruiting bodies which contain myxospores during unfavorable conditions. In view of the escalating problem of antibiotic resistance among disease-causing pathogens, it becomes mandatory to search for new antibiotics effective against such pathogens from natural sources. Among the different approaches, Myxobacteria, having a rich armor of secondary metabolites, preferably derivatives of polyketide synthases (PKSs) along with non-ribosomal peptide synthases (NRPSs) and their hybrids, are currently being explored as producers of new antibiotics. The Myxobacterial species are functionally characterized to assess their ability to produce antibacterial, antifungal, anticancer, antimalarial, immunosuppressive, cytotoxic and antioxidative bioactive compounds. In our study, we have found their compounds to be effective against a wide range of pathogens associated with the concurrence of different infectious diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mudasir Ahmad Bhat
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | | | - Mujtaba Aamir Bhat
- Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Mohammad Iqbal Banday
- Department of Microbiology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Ommer Bashir
- Department of School Education, Jammu 181205, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Irfan A. Rather
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University (KAU), Jeddah 21589, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Safikur Rahman
- Department of Botany, MS College, BR Ambedkar Bihar University, Muzaffarpur 845401, Bihar, India;
| | - Ali Asghar Shah
- Department of Biotechnology, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
| | - Arif Tasleem Jan
- Department of Botany, Baba Ghulam Shah Badshah University, Rajouri 185234, Jammu and Kashmir, India;
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Roy J, Hettiarachchi SU, Kaake M, Mukkamala R, Low PS. Design and validation of fibroblast activation protein alpha targeted imaging and therapeutic agents. Theranostics 2020; 10:5778-5789. [PMID: 32483418 PMCID: PMC7254991 DOI: 10.7150/thno.41409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) comprise a major cell type in the tumor microenvironment where they support tumor growth and survival by producing extracellular matrix, secreting immunosuppressive cytokines, releasing growth factors, and facilitating metastases. Because tumors with elevated CAFs are characterized by poorer prognosis, considerable effort is focused on developing methods to quantitate, suppress and/or eliminate CAFs. We exploit the elevated expression of fibroblast activation protein (FAP) on CAFs to target imaging and therapeutic agents selectively to these fibroblasts in solid tumors. Methods: FAP-targeted optical imaging, radioimaging, and chemotherapeutic agents were synthesized by conjugating FAP ligand (FL) to either a fluorescent dye, technetium-99m, or tubulysin B hydrazide. In vitro and in vivo studies were performed to determine the specificity and selectivity of each conjugate for FAP in vitro and in vivo. Results: FAP-targeted imaging and therapeutic conjugates showed high binding specificity and affinity in the low nanomolar range. Injection of FAP-targeted 99mTc into tumor-bearing mice enabled facile detection of tumor xenografts with little off-target uptake. Optical imaging of malignant lesions was also readily achieved following intravenous injection of FAP-targeted near-infrared fluorescent dye. Finally, systemic administration of a tubulysin B conjugate of FL promoted complete eradication of solid tumors with no evidence of gross toxicity to the animals. Conclusion: In view of the near absence of FAP on healthy cells, we conclude that targeting of FAP on cancer-associated fibroblasts can enable highly specific imaging and therapy of solid tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Philip S Low
- Department of Chemistry and Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States
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Dal Corso A, Pignataro L, Belvisi L, Gennari C. Innovative Linker Strategies for Tumor‐Targeted Drug Conjugates. Chemistry 2019; 25:14740-14757. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201903127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2019] [Revised: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Dal Corso
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Luca Pignataro
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Laura Belvisi
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
| | - Cesare Gennari
- Dipartimento di ChimicaUniversità degli Studi di Milano via C. Golgi, 19 20133 Milan Italy
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Roy J, Kaake M, Low PS. Small molecule targeted NIR dye conjugate for imaging LHRH receptor positive cancers. Oncotarget 2019; 10:152-160. [PMID: 30719210 PMCID: PMC6349437 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.26520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/12/2018] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Overexpression of Luteinizing Hormone Releasing Hormone Receptor (LHRH-R) in various cancers and restricted expression of the receptor in healthy cells qualifies it as a valuable cancer biomarker. Previously, LHRH-R targeted peptides have been utilized to deliver attached payloads to LHRH-R expressing cancers. We report here for the first time the utilization of a small molecule non-peptidic ligand (BOEPL) of LHRH-R to deliver attached payloads to LHRH-R positive tumors. For this purpose, we linked the BOEPL ligand to a near infrared dye via various linkers. In vitro, these conjugates demonstrated low nanomolar binding affinity and in vivo they exhibited receptor-mediated uptake specifically in tumor tissue. Moreover, tumor uptake could be blocked by administration of excess unlabeled conjugate, and time course experiments showed retention of the dye conjugate in the tumor up to 12 h post injection. Because uptake of BOEPL-targeted NIR dye conjugates by nonmalignant organs/tissues was negligible and since the transient presence of targeted NIR dye in the kidneys was a result of clearance mechanism, we suggest that a BOEPL-targeted NIR dye might constitute a useful agent for fluorescence-guided surgery of LHRH-R positive cancers. Moreover, our results also provide proof of concept that BOEPL can be successfully used to deliver attached payloads to LHRH-R positive tumors in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoti Roy
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Miranda Kaake
- Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
| | - Philip S Low
- Purdue Institute for Drug Discovery, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA.,Department of Chemistry, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA
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