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Harvey DJ. Analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry: An update for 2021-2022. MASS SPECTROMETRY REVIEWS 2024. [PMID: 38925550 DOI: 10.1002/mas.21873] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/12/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024]
Abstract
The use of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) mass spectrometry for the analysis of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates is a well-established technique and this review is the 12th update of the original article published in 1999 and brings coverage of the literature to the end of 2022. As with previous review, this review also includes a few papers that describe methods appropriate to analysis by MALDI, such as sample preparation, even though the ionization method is not MALDI. The review follows the same format as previous reviews. It is divided into three sections: (1) general aspects such as theory of the MALDI process, matrices, derivatization, MALDI imaging, fragmentation, quantification and the use of computer software for structural identification. (2) Applications to various structural types such as oligo- and polysaccharides, glycoproteins, glycolipids, glycosides and biopharmaceuticals, and (3) other general areas such as medicine, industrial processes, natural products and glycan synthesis where MALDI is extensively used. Much of the material relating to applications is presented in tabular form. MALDI is still an ideal technique for carbohydrate analysis, particularly in its ability to produce single ions from each analyte and advancements in the technique and range of applications show little sign of diminishing.
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Gholamali I, Vu TT, Jo SH, Park SH, Lim KT. Exploring the Progress of Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels: Synthesis, Characteristics, and Wide-Ranging Applications. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 17:2439. [PMID: 38793505 PMCID: PMC11123044 DOI: 10.3390/ma17102439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2024] [Revised: 04/30/2024] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024]
Abstract
This comprehensive review delves into the world of hyaluronic acid (HA) hydrogels, exploring their creation, characteristics, research methodologies, and uses. HA hydrogels stand out among natural polysaccharides due to their distinct features. Their exceptional biocompatibility makes them a top choice for diverse biomedical purposes, with a great ability to coexist harmoniously with living cells and tissues. Furthermore, their biodegradability permits their gradual breakdown by bodily enzymes, enabling the creation of temporary frameworks for tissue engineering endeavors. Additionally, since HA is a vital component of the extracellular matrix (ECM) in numerous tissues, HA hydrogels can replicate the ECM's structure and functions. This mimicry is pivotal in tissue engineering applications by providing an ideal setting for cellular growth and maturation. Various cross-linking techniques like chemical, physical, enzymatic, and hybrid methods impact the mechanical strength, swelling capacity, and degradation speed of the hydrogels. Assessment tools such as rheological analysis, electron microscopy, spectroscopy, swelling tests, and degradation studies are employed to examine their attributes. HA-based hydrogels feature prominently in tissue engineering, drug distribution, wound recovery, ophthalmology, and cartilage mending. Crafting HA hydrogels enables the production of biomaterials with sought-after qualities, offering avenues for advancements in the realm of biomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Iman Gholamali
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (I.G.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Trung Thang Vu
- Department of Smart Green Technology Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea;
| | - Sung-Han Jo
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (I.G.); (S.-H.J.)
| | - Sang-Hyug Park
- Industry 4.0 Convergence Bionics Engineering, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea; (I.G.); (S.-H.J.)
- Major of Biomedical Engineering, Division of Smart Healthcare, College of Information Technology and Convergence, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
| | - Kwon Taek Lim
- Institute of Display Semiconductor Technology, Pukyong National University, Busan 48513, Republic of Korea
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VandenBerg MA, Xian S, Xiang Y, Webber MJ. Dynamic-Covalent Crosslinking of Benzenetricarboxamide-Phenylboronate Conjugates. Macromol Biosci 2024; 24:e2300001. [PMID: 36786665 DOI: 10.1002/mabi.202300001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023]
Abstract
In an effort to augment the function of supramolecular biomaterials, recent efforts have explored the creation of hybrid materials that couple supramolecular and covalent components. Here, the benzenetricarboxamide (BTA) supramolecular polymer motif is modified to present a phenylboronic acid (PBA) in order to promote the crosslinking of 1D BTA stacks by PBA-diol dynamic-covalent bonds through the addition of a multi-arm diol-bearing crosslinker. Interestingly, the combination of these two motifs serves to frustrate the resulting assembly process, yielding hydrogels with worse mechanical properties than those prepared without the multi-arm diol crosslinker. Both systems with and without the crosslinker do, however, respond to the presence of a physiological level of glucose with a reduction in their mechanical integrity; repulsive electrostatic interactions in the BTA stacks occur in both cases upon glucose binding, with added competition from glucose with PBA-diol bonds amplifying glucose response in the hybrid material. Accordingly, the present results point to an unexpected outcome of reduced hydrogel mechanics, yet increased glucose response, when two disparate dynamic motifs of BTA supramolecular polymerization and PBA-diol crosslinking are combined, offering a vision for future preparation of glucose-responsive supramolecular biomaterials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A VandenBerg
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Sijie Xian
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Yuanhui Xiang
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
| | - Matthew J Webber
- Department of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, 205 McCourtney Hall, Notre Dame, IN, 46556, USA
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Giménez-Hernández B, Falomir E, Escuder B. Effect of Hyaluronic Acid on the Self-Assembly of a Dipeptide-Based Supramolecular Gel. Chembiochem 2023; 24:e202300438. [PMID: 37782055 DOI: 10.1002/cbic.202300438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Revised: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
The combination of polymers and low molecular weight (LMW) compounds is a powerful approach to prepare new supramolecular materials. Here we prepare two-component hydrogels made by a well-known and biologically active polymer, hyaluronic acid (HA), and a dipeptide-based supramolecular gelator. We undertake a detailed study of materials with different compositions including macroscopic (hydrogel formation, rheology) and micro/nanoscopic characterization (electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction). We observe that the two components mutually benefit in the new materials: a minimum amount of HA helps to reduce the polymorphism of the LMW network leading to reproducible hydrogels with improved mechanical properties; the LMW component network holds HA without the need for an irreversible covalent crosslinking. These materials have a great potential for biomedical application as, for instance, extracellular matrix mimetics for cell growth. As a proof of concept, we have observed that this material is effective for cell growth in suspension and avoids cell sedimentation even in the presence of competing cell-adhesive surfaces. This may be of interest to advanced cell delivery techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eva Falomir
- Departament de Química Inorgànica i Orgànica, Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló, Spain
| | - Beatriu Escuder
- Institute of Advanced Materials (INAM), Universitat Jaume I, 12071, Castelló, Spain
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Bigo Simon A, Fores JR, Criado-Gonzalez M, Blandin L, Runser JY, Senger B, Fleith G, Schmutz M, Schurhammer R, Chaumont A, Schaaf P, Combet J, Jierry L. Mechanistic Insights into Hyaluronic Acid Induced Peptide Nanofiber Organization in Supramolecular Hydrogels. Biomacromolecules 2023; 24:3794-3805. [PMID: 37535455 DOI: 10.1021/acs.biomac.3c00445] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/05/2023]
Abstract
Composite hydrogels composed of low-molecular-weight peptide self-assemblies and polysaccharides are gaining great interest as new types of biomaterials. Interactions between polysaccharides and peptide self-assemblies are well reported, but a molecular picture of their impact on the resulting material is still missing. Using the phosphorylated tripeptide precursor Fmoc-FFpY (Fmoc, fluorenylmethyloxycarbonyl; F, phenylalanine; Y, tyrosine; p, phosphate group), we investigated how hyaluronic acid (HA) influences the enzyme-assisted self-assembly of Fmoc-FFY generated in situ in the presence of alkaline phosphatase (AP). In the absence of HA, Fmoc-FFY peptides are known to self-assemble in nanometer thick and micrometer long fibers. The presence of HA leads to the spontaneous formation of bundles of several micrometers thickness. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP), we find that in the bundles both (i) HA colocalizes with the peptide self-assemblies and (ii) its presence in the bundles is highly dynamic. The attractive interaction between negatively charged peptide fibers and negatively charged HA chains is explained through molecular dynamic simulations that show the existence of hydrogen bonds. Whereas the Fmoc-FFY peptide self-assembly itself is not affected by the presence of HA, this polysaccharide organizes the peptide nanofibers in a nematic phase visible by small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The mean distance d between the nanofibers decreases by increasing the HA concentration c, but remains always larger than the diameter of the peptide nanofibers, indicating that they do not interact directly with each other. At a high enough HA concentration, the nematic organization transforms into an ordered 2D hexagonal columnar phase with a nanofiber distance d of 117 Å. Depletion interaction generated by the polysaccharides can explain the experimental power law variation d ∼ c - 1 / 4 and is responsible for the bundle formation and organization. Such behavior is thus suggested for the first time on nano-objects using polymers partially adsorbing on self-assembled peptide nanofibers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexis Bigo Simon
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Jennifer Rodon Fores
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Miryam Criado-Gonzalez
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Lucille Blandin
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Jean-Yves Runser
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Bernard Senger
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
| | - Guillaume Fleith
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Marc Schmutz
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Rachel Schurhammer
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Alain Chaumont
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chimie, UMR7140, 1 rue Blaise Pascal, 67008 Strasbourg Cedex, France
| | - Pierre Schaaf
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
- Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, INSERM Unité 1121, CRBS, 1 rue Eugène Boeckel, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Chirurgie Dentaire, 8 rue Sainte Elisabeth, 67000 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Strasbourg, 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Jérôme Combet
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
| | - Loïc Jierry
- Université de Strasbourg, CNRS, Institut Charles Sadron (UPR22), 23 rue du Loess, 67034 Strasbourg Cedex 2, BP 84047, France
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Shikina E, Kovalevsky R, Shirkovskaya A, Toukach P. Prospective bacterial and fungal sources of hyaluronic acid: A review. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2022; 20:6214-6236. [PMID: 36420162 PMCID: PMC9676211 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.11.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 11/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The unique biological and rheological properties make hyaluronic acid a sought-after material for medicine and cosmetology. Due to very high purity requirements for hyaluronic acid in medical applications, the profitability of streptococcal fermentation is reduced. Production of hyaluronic acid by recombinant systems is considered a promising alternative. Variations in combinations of expressed genes and fermentation conditions alter the yield and molecular weight of produced hyaluronic acid. This review is devoted to the current state of hyaluronic acid production by recombinant bacterial and fungal organisms.
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Bruckner EP, Curk T, Đorđević L, Wang Z, Yang Y, Qiu R, Dannenhoffer AJ, Sai H, Kupferberg J, Palmer LC, Luijten E, Stupp SI. Hybrid Nanocrystals of Small Molecules and Chemically Disordered Polymers. ACS NANO 2022; 16:8993-9003. [PMID: 35588377 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c00266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Organic crystals formed by small molecules can be highly functional but are often brittle or insoluble structures with limited possibilities for use or processing from a liquid phase. A possible solution is the nanoscale integration of polymers into organic crystals without sacrificing long-range order and therefore function. This enables the organic crystals to benefit from the advantageous mechanical and chemical properties of the polymeric component. We report here on a strategy in which small molecules cocrystallize with side chains of chemically disordered polymers to create hybrid nanostructures containing a highly ordered lattice. Synchrotron X-ray scattering, absorption spectroscopy, and coarse-grained molecular dynamics simulations reveal that the polymer backbones form an "exo-crystalline" layer of disordered chains that wrap around the nanostructures, becoming a handle for interesting properties. The morphology of this "hybrid bonding polymer" nanostructure is dictated by the competition between the polymers' entropy and the enthalpy of the lattice allowing for control over the aspect ratio of the nanocrystal by changing the degree of polymer integration. We observed that nanostructures with an exo-crystalline layer of polymer exhibit enhanced fracture strength, self-healing capacity, and dispersion in water, which benefits their use as light-harvesting assemblies in photocatalysis. Guided by computation, future work could further explore these hybrid nanostructures as components for functional materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eric P Bruckner
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Tine Curk
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Luka Đorđević
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Ziwei Wang
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Yang Yang
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Ruomeng Qiu
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Adam J Dannenhoffer
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Hiroaki Sai
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Jacob Kupferberg
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Liam C Palmer
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
| | - Erik Luijten
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Engineering Sciences and Applied Mathematics, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
| | - Samuel I Stupp
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Department of Chemistry, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
- Simpson Querrey Institute for BioNanotechnology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, United States
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Northwestern University, Evanston, Illinois 60208, United States
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Wu H, Bu N, Chen J, Chen Y, Sun R, Wu C, Pang J. Construction of Konjac Glucomannan/Oxidized Hyaluronic Acid Hydrogels for Controlled Drug Release. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14050927. [PMID: 35267750 PMCID: PMC8912606 DOI: 10.3390/polym14050927] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Konjac glucomannan (KGM) hydrogel has favorable gel-forming abilities, but its insufficient swelling capacity and poor control release characteristics limit its application. Therefore, in this study, oxidized hyaluronic acid (OHA) was used to improve the properties of KGM hydrogel. The influence of OHA on the structure and properties of KGM hydrogels was evaluated. The results show that the swelling capacity and rheological properties of the composite hydrogels increased with OHA concentration, which might be attributed to the hydrogen bond between the KGM and OHA, resulting in a compact three-dimensional gel network structure. Furthermore, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) was efficiently loaded into the KGM/OHA composite hydrogels and liberated in a sustained pattern. The cumulative EGCG release rate of the KGM/OHA hydrogels was enhanced by the increasing addition of OHA. The results show that the release rate of composite hydrogel can be controlled by the content of OHA. These results suggest that OHA has the potential to improve the properties and control release characteristics of KGM hydrogels.
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