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Tobin CM, Gordon R, Tochikura SK, Chmelka BF, Morse DE, Read de Alaniz J. Reversible and size-controlled assembly of reflectin proteins using a charged azobenzene photoswitch. Chem Sci 2024; 15:13279-13289. [PMID: 39183923 PMCID: PMC11339800 DOI: 10.1039/d4sc03299c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Accepted: 07/16/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Disordered proteins often undergo a stimuli-responsive, disorder-to-order transition which facilitates dynamic processes that modulate the physiological activities and material properties of cells, such as strength, chemical composition, and reflectance. It remains challenging to gain rapid and spatiotemporal control over such disorder-to-order transitions, which limits the incorporation of these proteins into novel materials. The reflectin protein is a cationic, disordered protein whose assembly is responsible for dynamic color camouflage in cephalopods. Stimuli-responsive control of reflectin's assembly would enable the design of biophotonic materials with tunable color. Herein, a novel, multivalent azobenzene photoswitch is shown to be an effective and non-invasive strategy for co-assembling with reflectin molecules and reversibly controlling assembly size. Photoisomerization between the trans and cis (E and Z) photoisomers promotes or reduces Coulombic interactions, respectively, with reflectin proteins to repeatedly cycle the sizes of the photoswitch-reflectin assemblies between 70 nm and 40 nm. The protein assemblies formed with the trans and cis isomers show differences in interaction stoichiometry and secondary structure, which indicate that photoisomerization modulates the photoswitch-protein interactions to change assembly size. Our results highlight the utility of photoswitchable interactions to control reflectin assembly and provide a tunable synthetic platform that can be adapted to the structure, assembly, and function of other disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cassidy M Tobin
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Reid Gordon
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Seren K Tochikura
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Bradley F Chmelka
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Daniel E Morse
- Department of Molecular, Cellular, and Developmental Biology, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
| | - Javier Read de Alaniz
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California Santa Barbara California 93106 USA
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2
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Zika A, Agarwal M, Zika W, Guldi DM, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Photoacid-macroion assemblies: how photo-excitation switches the size of nano-objects. NANOSCALE 2024; 16:923-940. [PMID: 38108137 DOI: 10.1039/d3nr04570f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Electrostatic self-assembly of photoacids with oppositely charged macroions yields supramolecular nano-objects in aqueous solutions, whose size is controlled through light irradiation. Nano-assemblies are formed due to electrostatic attractions and mutual hydrogen bonding of the photoacids. Irradiation with UV light leads to the deprotonation of the photoacid and, consequently, a change in particle size. Overall, the hydrodynamic radii of the well-defined photoacid-macroion nano-objects lie between 130 and 370 nm. For a set of photoacids, we determine the acidity constants in the ground and excited state, discuss the sizes of photoacid-macroion nano-objects (by dynamic and static light scattering), their composition and the particle shapes (by small-angle neutron scattering), and relate their charge characteristics to size, structure and shape. We investigate the association thermodynamics and relate nanoscale structures to thermodynamics and, in turn, thermodynamics to molecular features, particularly the ionization energy of the photoacid hydroxyl group proton. Structure-directing effects completely differ from those for previously investigated systems, with hydrogen bonding and entropic effects playing a major role herein. This combined approach allows developing a comprehensive understanding of assembly formation and photo-response, anchored in molecular parameters (pKa, ionization energy, substituent group location), charge characteristics, and the association enthalpy and entropy. This fundamental understanding again paves the way for tailoring application solutions with novel photoresponsive materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
- DS LSS Institut Laue - Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Wiebke Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Dirk M Guldi
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS LSS Institut Laue - Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, and Bavarian Polymer Institute Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstr. 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany.
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3
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Zika A, Agarwal M, Schweins R, Gröhn F. Double-Wavelength-Switchable Molecular Self-Assembly of a Photoacid and Spirooxazine in an Aqueous Solution. J Phys Chem Lett 2023; 14:9563-9568. [PMID: 37861686 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpclett.3c02392] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Quadruple-switchable nanoscale assemblies are built by combining two types of water-soluble molecular photoswitches through dipole-dipole interaction. Uniting the wavelength-specific proton dissociation of a photoacid and ring-opening of an anionic spirooxazine results in an assembly that can be addressed by irradiation with two different wavelengths: pH and darkness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Zika
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Mohit Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
- DS/LSS Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Ralf Schweins
- DS/LSS Institut Laue-Langevin, 71 Avenue des Martyrs, CS 20 156, 38042 Grenoble CEDEX 9, France
| | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy & Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials, Bavarian Polymer Institute, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Egerlandstraße 3, D-91058 Erlangen, Germany
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4
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Dzuvor CKO, Shanbhag BK, Shen HH, Haritos VS, He L. An Ultrastable Self-Assembled Antibacterial Nanospears Made of Protein. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023:e2302409. [PMID: 37120846 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202302409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Protein-based nanomaterials have broad applications in the biomedical and bionanotechnological sectors owing to their outstanding properties such as high biocompatibility and biodegradability, structural stability, sophisticated functional versatility, and being environmentally benign. They have gained considerable attention in drug delivery, cancer therapeutics, vaccines, immunotherapies, biosensing, and biocatalysis. However, so far, in the battle against the increasing reports of antibiotic resistance and emerging drug-resistant bacteria, unique nanostructures of this kind are lacking, hindering their potential next-generation antibacterial agents. Here, the discovery of a class of supramolecular nanostructures with well-defined shapes, geometries, or architectures (termed "protein nanospears") based on engineered proteins, exhibiting exceptional broad-spectrum antibacterial activities, is reported. The protein nanospears are engineered via spontaneous cleavage-dependent or precisely tunable self-assembly routes using mild metal salt-ions (Mg2+ , Ca2+ , Na+ ) as a molecular trigger. The nanospears' dimensions collectively range from entire nano- to micrometer scale. The protein nanospears display exceptional thermal and chemical stability yet rapidly disassemble upon exposure to high concentrations of chaotropes (>1 mm sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS)). Using a combination of biological assays and electron microscopy imaging, it is revealed that the nanospears spontaneously induce rapid and irreparable damage to bacterial morphology via a unique action mechanism provided by their nanostructure and enzymatic action, a feat inaccessible to traditional antibiotics. These protein-based nanospears show promise as a potent tool to combat the growing threats of resistant bacteria, inspiring a new way to engineer other antibacterial protein nanomaterials with diverse structural and dimensional architectures and functional properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian K O Dzuvor
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Bhuvana K Shanbhag
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Hsin-Hui Shen
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Victoria S Haritos
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
| | - Lizhong He
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering Monash University Clayton, Victoria, 3800, Australia
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5
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Kozlenko AS, Ozhogin IV, Pugachev AD, Lukyanova MB, El-Sewify IM, Lukyanov BS. A Modern Look at Spiropyrans: From Single Molecules to Smart Materials. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2023; 381:8. [PMID: 36624333 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-022-00417-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 11/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Photochromic compounds of the spiropyran family have two main isomers capable of inter-switching with UV or visible light. In the current review, we discuss recent advances in the synthesis, investigation of properties, and applications of spiropyran derivatives. Spiropyrans of the indoline series are in focus as the most promising representatives of multi-sensitive spirocyclic compounds, which can be switched by a number of external stimuli, including light, temperature, pH, presence of metal ions, and mechanical stress. Particular attention is paid to the structural features of molecules, their influence on photochromic properties, and the reactions taking place during isomerization, as the understanding of the structure-property relationships will rationalize the synthesis of compounds with predetermined characteristics. The main prospects for applications of spiropyrans in such fields as smart material production, molecular electronics and nanomachinery, sensing of environmental and biological molecules, and photopharmacology are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Kozlenko
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - Ilya V Ozhogin
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Artem D Pugachev
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Maria B Lukyanova
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - Islam M El-Sewify
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia.,Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Boris S Lukyanov
- Institute of Physical and Organic Chemistry, Southern Federal University, Stachki Prosp., 194/2, Rostov-On-Don, 344090, Russia
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6
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Udyavara Nagaraj V, Juhász T, Quemé-Peña M, Szigyártó IC, Bogdán D, Wacha A, Mihály J, Románszki L, Varga Z, Andréasson J, Mándity I, Beke-Somfai T. Stimuli-Responsive Membrane Anchor Peptide Nanofoils for Tunable Membrane Association and Lipid Bilayer Fusion. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:55320-55331. [PMID: 36473125 PMCID: PMC9782321 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c11946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 11/22/2022] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Self-assembled peptide nanostructures with stimuli-responsive features are promising as functional materials. Despite extensive research efforts, water-soluble supramolecular constructs that can interact with lipid membranes in a controllable way are still challenging to achieve. Here, we have employed a short membrane anchor protein motif (GLFD) and coupled it to a spiropyran photoswitch. Under physiological conditions, these conjugates assemble into ∼3.5 nm thick, foil-like peptide bilayer morphologies. Photoisomerization from the closed spiro (SP) form to the open merocyanine (MC) form of the photoswitch triggers rearrangements within the foils. This results in substantial changes in their membrane-binding properties, which also varies sensitively to lipid composition, ranging from reversible nanofoil reformation to stepwise membrane adsorption. The formed peptide layers in the assembly are also able to attach to various liposomes with different surface charges, enabling the fusion of their lipid bilayers. Here, SP-to-MC conversion can be used both to trigger and to modulate the liposome fusion efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vignesh Udyavara Nagaraj
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
- Hevesy
György Ph.D. School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Tünde Juhász
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Mayra Quemé-Peña
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
- Hevesy
György Ph.D. School of Chemistry, Eötvös Loránd University, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Imola Cs. Szigyártó
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Dóra Bogdán
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, BudapestH-1092, Hungary
| | - András Wacha
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Judith Mihály
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Loránd Románszki
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Varga
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
| | - Joakim Andréasson
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, GothenburgSE-412 96, Sweden
| | - István Mándity
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
- Department
of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Semmelweis University, BudapestH-1092, Hungary
| | - Tamás Beke-Somfai
- Institute
of Materials and Environmental Chemistry, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, BudapestH-1117, Hungary
- Department
of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Physical Chemistry, Chalmers University of Technology, GothenburgSE-412 96, Sweden
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7
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Keyvan Rad J, Balzade Z, Mahdavian AR. Spiropyran-based advanced photoswitchable materials: A fascinating pathway to the future stimuli-responsive devices. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY C: PHOTOCHEMISTRY REVIEWS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotochemrev.2022.100487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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8
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Yu H, Feng J, Zhong F, Wu Y. Chemical Modification for the "off-/on" Regulation of Enzyme Activity. Macromol Rapid Commun 2022; 43:e2200195. [PMID: 35482602 DOI: 10.1002/marc.202200195] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Enzymes with excellent catalytic performance play important roles in living organisms. Advances in strategies for enzyme chemical modification have enabled powerful strategies for exploring and manipulating enzyme functions and activities. Based on the development of chemical enzyme modifications, incorporating external stimuli-responsive features-for example, responsivity to light, voltage, magnetic force, pH, temperature, redox activity, and small molecules-into a target enzyme to turn "on" and "off" its activity has attracted much attention. The ability to precisely control enzyme activity using different approaches would greatly expand the chemical biology toolbox for clarification and detection of signal transduction and in vivo enzyme function and significantly promote enzyme-based disease therapy. This review summarizes the methods available for chemical enzyme modification mainly for the off-/on control of enzyme activity and particularly highlights the recent progress regarding the applications of this strategy. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huaibin Yu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jiayi Feng
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Fangrui Zhong
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Yuzhou Wu
- Hubei Engineering Research Center for Biomaterials and Medical Protective Materials, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage, Hubei Key Laboratory of Bioinorganic Chemistry & Materia Medica, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
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9
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Krieger A, Zika A, Gröhn F. Functional Nano-Objects by Electrostatic Self-Assembly: Structure, Switching, and Photocatalysis. Front Chem 2022; 9:779360. [PMID: 35359487 PMCID: PMC8961288 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.779360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of functional nano-objects by electrostatic self-assembly in solution signifies an emerging field with great potential. More specifically, the targeted combination of electrostatic interaction with other effects and interactions, such as the positioning of charges on stiff building blocks, the use of additional amphiphilic, π-π stacking building blocks, or polyelectrolytes with certain architectures, have recently promulgated electrostatic self-assembly to a principle for versatile defined structure formation. A large variety of architectures from spheres over rods and hollow spheres to networks in the size range of a few tenths to a few hundred nanometers can be formed. This review discusses the state-of-the-art of different approaches of nano-object formation by electrostatic self-assembly against the backdrop of corresponding solid materials and assemblies formed by other non-covalent interactions. In this regard, particularly promising is the facile formation of triggerable structures, i.e. size and shape switching through light, as well as the use of electrostatically assembled nano-objects for improved photocatalysis and the possible solar energy conversion in the future. Lately, this new field is eliciting an increasing amount of understanding; insights and limitations thereof are addressed in this article. Special emphasis is placed on the interconnection of molecular building block structures and the resulting nanoscale architecture via the key of thermodynamics.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Franziska Gröhn
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy and Interdisciplinary Center for Molecular Materials (ICMM) and Bavarian Polymer Institute (BPI), Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
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10
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Liao J, Feng Y, Zhang J, Li H, Zhou G. Asymmetric chiral disazo dopants with high anisotropy for versatile modulation of liquid crystal optics. J Mol Liq 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2021.118151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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11
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Spiropyrans: molecules in motion. Chem Heterocycl Compd (N Y) 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10593-021-03010-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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12
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Abdollahi A, Dashti A. Photoluminescent Nanoinks with Multilevel Security for Quick Authentication of Encoded Optical Tags by Sunlight: Effective Physicochemical Parameters on Responsivity, Printability, and Brightness. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2021; 13:44878-44892. [PMID: 34506114 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.1c12404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of developed photoactive security inks and anticounterfeiting technologies in recent years indicates significant challenges for future of this research area, such as increase of security, fast responsivity, and facile authentication. Here, amine-functionalized latex nanoparticles were synthesized by emulsion copolymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). Size of the latex nanoparticles was increased as a function of poly(dimethylaminoethyl acrylate) (PDMAEMA) contents, and also a decrease of particle size was obtained in response to an increase of temperature from 25 to 70 °C, above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of PDMAEMA. Surface physical modification of the functional latex nanoparticle with spiropyran photoswitches led to the development of anticounterfeiting nanoinks that have multilevel security and photochromic/fluorescence properties with a higher intensity and also brightness. The photoluminescent nanoinks were made of spiropyran latex nanoparticles and used for printing of the encoded optical security tags on cellulosic papers and banknotes. The results displayed that an increase of the particle size above 100 nm and an increase of the PDMAEMA contents led to a remarkable decrease of printability, fluorescent emission, brightness, intensity of photochromism, and also resolution of the printed security tags. As a significant advantage of the developed security inks, the printed security tags could be authenticated easily and fast upon sunlight irradiation by means of photochromism. The responsivity of encoded tags from the invisible to visible state is immediate upon sunlight irradiation for some seconds, whose intensity of coloration is appropriate and detectable clearly by naked eyes. The security anticounterfeiting inks based on spiropyran with multilevel security have been reported for the first time for applying in printing of encoded security tags on cellulosic papers, banknotes, and other documents, where the printed marks are detectable on sunlight exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amin Abdollahi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
- Research Laboratory of Polymer Testing (RPT Lab.), Research Institute of Oil & Gas, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
| | - Ali Dashti
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
- Research Laboratory of Polymer Testing (RPT Lab.), Research Institute of Oil & Gas, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad 9177948974, Iran
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13
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Vorbeugen oder Heilen – die beispiellose Notwendigkeit von selbstberichtenden Materialien. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis Laboratory Institut für Biologische Grenzflächen 3 Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein Leopoldshafen Deutschland
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular Architectures Institut für Technische Chemie und Polymerchemie (ITCP) Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) Engesserstraße 18 76131 Karlsruhe Deutschland
- Centre for Materials Science Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
- School of Chemistry and Physics Queensland University of Technology (QUT) 2 George Street Brisbane QLD 4000 Australien
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14
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Geiselhart CM, Mutlu H, Barner‐Kowollik C. Prevent or Cure-The Unprecedented Need for Self-Reporting Materials. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:17290-17313. [PMID: 33217121 PMCID: PMC8359351 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202012592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 11/08/2020] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Self-reporting smart materials are highly relevant in modern soft matter materials science, as they allow for the autonomous detection of changes in synthetic polymers, materials, and composites. Despite critical advantages of such materials, for example, prolonged lifetime or prevention of disastrous material failures, they have gained much less attention than self-healing materials. However, as diagnosis is critical for any therapy, it is of the utmost importance to report the existence of system changes and their exact location to prevent them from spreading. Thus, we herein critically review the chemistry of self-reporting soft matter materials systems and highlight how current challenges and limitations may be overcome by successfully transferring self-reporting research concepts from the laboratory to the real world. Especially in the space of diagnostic self-reporting systems, the recent SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) pandemic indicates an urgent need for such concepts that may be able to detect the presence of viruses or bacteria on and within materials in a self-reporting fashion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina M. Geiselhart
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Hatice Mutlu
- Soft Matter Synthesis LaboratoryInstitute for Biological Interfaces 3Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 176344Eggenstein LeopoldshafenGermany
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
| | - Christopher Barner‐Kowollik
- Macromolecular ArchitecturesInstitute for Technical Chemistry and Polymer Chemistry (ITCP)Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT)Engesserstrasse 1876131KarlsruheGermany
- Centre for Materials ScienceQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
- School of Chemistry and PhysicsQueensland University of Technology (QUT)2 George StreetBrisbaneQLD4000Australia
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Tao Y, Chan HF, Shi B, Li M, Leong KW. Light: A Magical Tool for Controlled Drug Delivery. ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS 2020; 30:2005029. [PMID: 34483808 PMCID: PMC8415493 DOI: 10.1002/adfm.202005029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2020] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
Light is a particularly appealing tool for on-demand drug delivery due to its noninvasive nature, ease of application and exquisite temporal and spatial control. Great progress has been achieved in the development of novel light-driven drug delivery strategies with both breadth and depth. Light-controlled drug delivery platforms can be generally categorized into three groups: photochemical, photothermal, and photoisomerization-mediated therapies. Various advanced materials, such as metal nanoparticles, metal sulfides and oxides, metal-organic frameworks, carbon nanomaterials, upconversion nanoparticles, semiconductor nanoparticles, stimuli-responsive micelles, polymer- and liposome-based nanoparticles have been applied for light-stimulated drug delivery. In view of the increasing interest in on-demand targeted drug delivery, we review the development of light-responsive systems with a focus on recent advances, key limitations, and future directions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Tao
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Hon Fai Chan
- Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, School of Biomedical Science, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China
| | - Bingyang Shi
- International Joint Center for Biomedical Innovation, School of Life Sciences, Henan University, Kaifeng, Henan 475004, China
| | - Mingqiang Li
- Laboratory of Biomaterials and Translational Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China
| | - Kam W Leong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Systems Biology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA
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Shy AN, Kim BJ, Xu B. Enzymatic Noncovalent Synthesis of Supramolecular Soft Matter for Biomedical Applications. MATTER 2019; 1:1127-1147. [PMID: 32104791 PMCID: PMC7043404 DOI: 10.1016/j.matt.2019.09.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
Enzymatic noncovalent synthesis (ENS), a process that integrates enzymatic reactions and supramolecular (i.e., noncovalent) interactions for spatial organization of higher-order molecular assemblies, represents an emerging research area at the interface of physical and biological sciences. This review provides a few representative examples of ENS in the context of supramolecular soft matter. After a brief comparison of enzymatic covalent and noncovalent synthesis, we discuss ENS of man-made molecules for generating supramolecular nanostructures (e.g., supramolecular hydrogels) in cell-free conditions. Then, we introduce ENS in a cellular environment. To illustrate the unique merits for applications, we discuss intercellular, peri- or intracellular, and subcellular ENS for cell morphogenesis, molecular imaging, cancer therapy, and targeted delivery. Finally, we provide an outlook on the potential of ENS. We hope that this review offers a new perspective for scientists who develop supramolecular soft matter to address societal needs at various frontiers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrianna N. Shy
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Beom Jin Kim
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
| | - Bing Xu
- Department of Chemistry, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA 02453, USA
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Abstract
A dimethylaminopyridine-embedded spiropyran compound switches its coordination capability under light.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhou
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Zhihao Li
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
| | - Jiaobing Wang
- School of Chemistry
- Sun Yat-Sen University
- Guangzhou 510275
- China
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