1
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Sakamoto N, Miyata K, Fukami T. Quabodepistat (OPC-167832), a Novel Antituberculosis Drug Candidate: Enhancing Oral Bioavailability via Cocrystallization and Mechanistic Analysis of Bioavailability in Two Cocrystals. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:358-369. [PMID: 38099729 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.3c01059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2024]
Abstract
Quabodepistat (code name OPC-167832) is a novel antituberculosis drug candidate. This study aimed to discover cocrystals that improve oral bioavailability and to elucidate the mechanistic differences underlying the bioavailability of different cocrystals. Screening yielded two cocrystals containing 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5DHBA) or 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (2HBA). In bioavailability studies in beagle dogs, both cocrystals exhibited better bioavailability than the free form; however, the extent of bioavailability of cocrystals with 2HBA (quabodepistat-2HBA) was 1.4-fold greater than that of cocrystals with 2,5DHBA (quabodepistat-2,5DHBA). Dissolution studies at pH 1.2 yielded similar profiles for both cocrystals, although the percent dissolution differed: quabodepistat-2HBA dissolved more slowly than quabodepistat-2,5DHBA. The poor solubility of quabodepistat-2HBA is likely the primary factor limiting dissolution at pH 1.2. To identify a dissolution method that maintains the bioavailability in beagle dogs, we performed pH-shift dissolution studies that mimic the dynamic pH change from the stomach to the small intestine. Quabodepistat-2HBA demonstrated supersaturation after the pH was increased to 6.8, while quabodepistat-2,5DHBA did not demonstrate supersaturation. This result was consistent with the results of bioavailability studies in beagle dogs. We conclude that a larger quantity of orally administered quabodepistat-2HBA remained in its cocrystal form while being transferred to the small intestine compared with quabodepistat-2,5DHBA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasa Sakamoto
- Preformulation Research Laboratory, CMC Headquarters, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima 771-0182, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
| | - Kenichi Miyata
- Preformulation Research Laboratory, CMC Headquarters, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., Tokushima 771-0182, Japan
| | - Toshiro Fukami
- Department of Molecular Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, 2-522-1 Noshio, Kiyose, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan
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2
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Lyytikäinen J, Kyllönen S, Ervasti T, Komulainen E, Pekarek T, Slunečková J, Leskinen J, Ketolainen J, Kubelka T, Stasiak P, Korhonen O. Challenges encountered in the transfer of atorvastatin tablet manufacturing - commercial batch-based production as a basis for small-scale continuous tablet manufacturing tests. Int J Pharm 2023; 647:123509. [PMID: 37832703 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2023.123509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 10/07/2023] [Accepted: 10/10/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023]
Abstract
As is the case with batch-based tableting processes, continuous tablet manufacturing can be conducted by direct compression or with a granulation step such as dry or wet granulation included in the production procedure. In this work, continuous manufacturing tests were performed with a commercial tablet formulation, while maintaining its original material composition. Challenges were encountered with the feeding performance of the API during initial tests which required designing different powder pre-blend compositions. After the pre-blend optimization phase, granules were prepared with a roller compactor. Tableting was conducted with the granules and an additional brief continuous direct compression run was completed with some ungranulated mixture. The tablets were assessed with off-line tests, applying the quality requirements demanded for the batch-manufactured product. Chemical maps were obtained by Raman mapping and elemental maps by scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Large variations in both tablet weights and breaking forces were observed in all tested samples, resulting in significant quality complications. It was suspected that the API tended to adhere to the process equipment, accounting for the low API content in the powder mixture and tablets. These results suggest that this API or the tablet composition was unsuitable for manufacturing in a continuous line; further testing could be continued with different materials and changes in the process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jenna Lyytikäinen
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Saini Kyllönen
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Tuomas Ervasti
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Eelis Komulainen
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | - Jari Leskinen
- Department of Technical Physics, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Jarkko Ketolainen
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | | | | | - Ossi Korhonen
- School of Pharmacy, PromisLab, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
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3
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Liao H, Huang W, Zhou L, Fang L, Gao Z, Yin Q. Ultrasound-assisted continuous crystallization of metastable polymorphic pharmaceutical in a slug-flow tubular crystallizer. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2023; 100:106627. [PMID: 37813044 PMCID: PMC10568301 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2023.106627] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 09/12/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Metastable polymorphic pharmaceuticals have garnered significant attention in recent years due to their enhanced physicochemical properties, including solubility, bioavailability, and intellectual property considerations. However, the manufacturing of metastable form pharmaceuticals remains a formidable challenge. The stable preparation of metastable carvedilol (CVD) form Ⅱ crystals during CVD production is elusive, leading to substantial inconsistencies in product quality and regulatory compliance. In this study, we successfully prepared metastable CVD Form Ⅱ crystals using a continuous tubular crystallizer. Our findings demonstrate that the tubular crystallizer exhibits high efficiency and robustness for generating metastable crystal Form Ⅱ. We optimized the crystallization process by incorporating air bubble segments and employing ultrasonic irradiation strategies to overcome blockages and wall sticking issues encountered during operation. Ultimately, we developed an ultrasound-assisted continuous slug-flow tubular crystallization method and evaluated its performance. The results indicate that the CVD crystals produced through this process are resilient, sustainable, and uninterrupted products with promising potential for producing metastable polymorphic pharmaceuticals while effectively addressing encrustation problems associated with continuous tubular crystallization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Liao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Wenfeng Huang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Zhejiang Huahai Pharmaceutical Co, Ltd, Zhejiang 317024, PR China
| | - Ling Zhou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Lan Fang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
| | - Zhenguo Gao
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192 PR China.
| | - Qiuxiang Yin
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China; Haihe Laboratory of Sustainable Chemical Transformations, Tianjin 300192 PR China.
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4
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Cohen B, Lehnherr D, Sezen-Edmonds M, Forstater JH, Frederick MO, Deng L, Ferretti AC, Harper K, Diwan M. Emerging Reaction Technologies in Pharmaceutical Development: Challenges and Opportunities in Electrochemistry, Photochemistry, and Biocatalysis. Chem Eng Res Des 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2023.02.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
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5
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Zellnitz-Neugebauer S, Lanzinger M, Schroettner H, Naderi M, Guo M, Paudel A, Gruber-Woelfler H, Neugebauer P. Temperature cycling-induced formation of crystalline coatings. Int J Pharm 2023; 632:122577. [PMID: 36596318 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.122577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 12/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The surface of particles is the hotspot of interaction with their environment and is therefore a major target for particle engineering. Particles with tailored coatings are greatly desired for a range of different applications. Amorphous coatings applied via film coating or microencapsulation have frequently been described in the pharmaceutical context and usually result in homogeneous surfaces. In the present study we have been exploring the feasibility of coating core particles with crystalline substances, a matter that has rarely been investigated. The expansion of the range of possible coating materials to include small organic molecules enables completely new product properties to be achieved. We present an approach based on temperature cycles performed in a tubular crystallizer to result in engineered crystalline coatings on excipient core particles. By manipulating the process settings and by the choice of coating substance we are able to tailor surface roughness, topography as well as surface chemistry. Benefits of our approach are demonstrated by using resulting particles as carriers in dry-powder-inhaler formulations. Depending on the resulting surface chemistry and surface roughness, coated carrier particles show varying fitness for delivering the model API salbutamol sulphate to the lung.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Magdalena Lanzinger
- Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Hartmuth Schroettner
- Institute of Electron Microscopy and Nanoanalysis (FELMI), Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria; Graz Centre for Electron Microscopy (ZFE), Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Majid Naderi
- Surface Measurement Systems Ltd., London HA0 4PE, United Kingdom
| | - Meishan Guo
- Surface Measurement Systems Ltd., London HA0 4PE, United Kingdom
| | - Amrit Paudel
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria
| | - Peter Neugebauer
- Research Center Pharmaceutical Engineering GmbH, Graz 8010, Austria; Institute of Process and Particle Engineering, Graz University of Technology, Graz 8010, Austria.
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6
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Kufner AC, Krummnow A, Danzer A, Wohlgemuth K. Strategy for Fast Decision on Material System Suitability for Continuous Crystallization Inside a Slug Flow Crystallizer. MICROMACHINES 2022; 13:1795. [PMID: 36296148 PMCID: PMC9610778 DOI: 10.3390/mi13101795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2022] [Accepted: 10/19/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
There is an increasing focus on two-phase flow in micro- or mini-structured apparatuses for various manufacturing and measurement instrumentation applications, including the field of crystallization as a separation technique. The slug flow pattern offers salient features for producing high-quality products, since narrow residence time distribution of liquid and solid phases, intensified mixing and heat exchange, and an enhanced particle suspension are achieved despite laminar flow conditions. Due to its unique features, the slug flow crystallizer (SFC) represents a promising concept for small-scale continuous crystallization achieving high-quality active pharmaceutical ingredients (API). Therefore, a time-efficient strategy is presented in this study to enable crystallization of a desired solid product in the SFC as quickly as possible and without much experimental effort. This strategy includes pre-selection of the solvent/solvent mixture using heuristics, verifying the slug flow stability in the apparatus by considering the static contact angle and dynamic flow behavior, and modeling the temperature-dependent solubility in the supposed material system using perturbed-chain statistical associating fluid theory (PC-SAFT). This strategy was successfully verified for the amino acids l-alanine and l-arginine and the API paracetamol for binary and ternary systems and, thus, represents a general approach for using different material systems in the SFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cathrine Kufner
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Plant and Process Design, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Adrian Krummnow
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
- AbbVie Deutschland GmbH & Co. KG, Global Pharmaceutical R&D, Knollstraße, D-67061 Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany
| | - Andreas Danzer
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Thermodynamics, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
| | - Kerstin Wohlgemuth
- Department of Biochemical and Chemical Engineering, Laboratory of Plant and Process Design, TU Dortmund University, D-44227 Dortmund, Germany
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7
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Sheng L, Chang Y, Deng J, Luo G. Hydrodynamics and Scaling Laws of Gas–Liquid Taylor Flow in Viscous Liquids in a Microchannel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.2c01751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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8
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Cooling Crystallization with Complex Temperature Profiles on a Quasi-Continuous and Modular Plant. Processes (Basel) 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/pr10061047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Volatile markets and increasing demands for quality and fast availability of specialty chemical products have motivated the rise of small-scale, integrated, and modular continuous processing plants. As a significant unit operation used for product isolation and purification, cooling crystallization is part of this trend. Here, the small-scale and integrated quasi-continuous filter belt crystallizer (QCFBC) combines cooling crystallization, solid-liquid separation, and drying on a single apparatus. This contribution shows the general working principle, different operation modes, and possibilities of temperature control with the modular setup. For precise temperature control in cooling crystallization, Peltier elements show promising results in a systematic study of different operation parameters. Sucrose/water was used as a model substance system. The results confirm that seed crystal properties are the most important parameter in crystallization processes. Additionally, an oscillating temperature profile has a narrowing effect on the crystal size distribution (CSD). The integrated, small-scale, and modular setup of the QCFBC offers high degrees of flexibility, process control, and adaptability to cope with future market demands.
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9
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Tacsi K, Stoffán G, Pusztai É, Nagy B, Domokos A, Szilágyi B, Nagy ZK, Marosi G, Pataki H. Implementation of sonicated continuous plug flow crystallization technology for processing of acetylsalicylic acid reaction mixture. POWDER TECHNOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.powtec.2022.117255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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10
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Sheng L, Chang Y, Deng J, Luo G. Taylor Bubble Generation Rules in Liquids with a Higher Viscosity in a T-Junction Microchannel. Ind Eng Chem Res 2022. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c05015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Yu Chang
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Jian Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China
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11
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Schmalenberg M, Mensing L, Lindemann S, Krell T, Kockmann N. Miniaturized draft tube baffle crystallizer for continuous cooling crystallization. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.12.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
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12
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Sonnenschein J, Wohlgemuth K. Archimedes tube crystallizer: Design and characterization for small-scale continuous crystallization. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.12.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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13
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Mathew Thomas K, Nyande BW, Lakerveld R. Design and Characterization of Kenics Static Mixer Crystallizers. Chem Eng Res Des 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2022.01.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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14
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Mahmoudi G, Akbari Afkhami F, Khandar AA, White JM, Maniukiewicz W, Babashkina MG, Mitoraj MP, Sagan F, Safin DA. Coordination polymers fabricated from Cd(NO 3) 2 and N, N′, O-pincer-type isonicotinoylhydrazone-based polytopic ligands – an insight from experimental and theoretical investigations. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d2ce00294a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Three new Cd(ii) coordination polymers based on isonicotinohydrazide ligands (HLI, HLII) differing in the presence of a methyl unit have been obtained and extensively characterized by experimental and computational approaches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodrat Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Maragheh, P.O. Box 55181-83111, Maragheh, Iran
| | - Farhad Akbari Afkhami
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Alabama, Box 870336, 250 Hackberry Lane, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, USA
| | - Ali Akbar Khandar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, 51666-16471, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Jonathan M. White
- BIO-21 Molecular Science and Biotechnology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
| | - Waldemar Maniukiewicz
- Institute of General and Ecological Chemistry, Lodz University of Technology, Żeromskiego 116, 90-924 Łódź, Poland
| | - Maria G. Babashkina
- Advanced Materials for Industry and Biomedicine laboratory, Kurgan State University, Sovetskaya Str. 63/4, 640020 Kurgan, Russian Federation
| | - Mariusz P. Mitoraj
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Filip Sagan
- Department of Theoretical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Jagiellonian University, R. Gronostajowa 2, 30-387 Cracow, Poland
| | - Damir A. Safin
- Advanced Materials for Industry and Biomedicine laboratory, Kurgan State University, Sovetskaya Str. 63/4, 640020 Kurgan, Russian Federation
- Innovation Center for Chemical and Pharmaceutical Technologies, Ural Federal University named after the First President of Russia B.N. Yeltsin, Mira Str. 19, 620002 Ekaterinburg, Russian Federation
- University of Tyumen, Volodarskogo Str. 6, 625003 Tyumen, Russian Federation
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15
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Flow Map for Hydrodynamics and Suspension Behavior in a Continuous Archimedes Tube Crystallizer. CRYSTALS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst11121466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
The Archimedes Tube Crystallizer (ATC) is a small-scale coiled tubular crystallizer operated with air-segmented flow. As individual liquid segments are moved through the apparatus by rotation, the ATC operates as a pump. Thus, the ATC overcomes pressure drop limitations of other continuous crystallizers, allowing for longer residence times and crystal growth phases. Understanding continuous crystallizer phenomena is the basis for a well-designed crystallization process, especially for small-scale applications in the pharmaceutical and fine chemical industry. Hydrodynamics and suspension behavior, for example, affect agglomeration, breakage, attrition, and ultimately crystallizer blockage. In practice, however, it is time-consuming to investigate these phenomena experimentally for each new material system. In this contribution, a flow map is developed in five steps through a combination of experiments, CFD simulations, and dimensionless numbers. Accordingly, operating parameters can be specified depending on ATC design and material system used, where suspension behavior is suitable for high-quality crystalline products.
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Yamasaki S, Sotowa KI, Horikawa T. Effect of Fluid Flow on Crystallization in a Segmented Flow Microchannel. JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING OF JAPAN 2021. [DOI: 10.1252/jcej.21we059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Souta Yamasaki
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, University of Tokushima
| | | | - Toshihide Horikawa
- Graduate School of Technology, Industrial and Social Sciences, University of Tokushima
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17
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Binel P, Mazzotti M. Selective Dissolution Process Featuring a Classification Device for the Removal of Fines in Crystallization: Experiments. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c03401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Pietro Binel
- Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Marco Mazzotti
- Institute of Energy and Process Engineering, ETH Zurich, 8092 Zurich, Switzerland
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18
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Termühlen M, Strakeljahn B, Schembecker G, Wohlgemuth K. Quantification and evaluation of operating parameters’ effect on suspension behavior for slug flow crystallization. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2021.116771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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19
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Besenhard MO, Jiang D, Pankhurst QA, Southern P, Damilos S, Storozhuk L, Demosthenous A, Thanh NTK, Dobson P, Gavriilidis A. Development of an in-line magnetometer for flow chemistry and its demonstration for magnetic nanoparticle synthesis. LAB ON A CHIP 2021; 21:3775-3783. [PMID: 34581389 DOI: 10.1039/d1lc00425e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Despite the wide usage of magnetic nanoparticles, it remains challenging to synthesise particles with properties that exploit each application's full potential. Time consuming experimental procedures and particle analysis hinder process development, which is commonly constrained to a handful of experiments without considering particle formation kinetics, reproducibility and scalability. Flow reactors are known for their potential of large-scale production and high-throughput screening of process parameters. These advantages, however, have not been utilised for magnetic nanoparticle synthesis where particle characterisation is performed, with a few exceptions, post-synthesis. To overcome this bottleneck, we developed a highly sensitive magnetometer for flow reactors to characterise magnetic nanoparticles in solution in-line and in real-time using alternating current susceptometry. This flow magnetometer enriches the flow-chemistry toolbox by facilitating continuous quality control and high-throughput screening of magnetic nanoparticle syntheses. The sensitivity required to monitor magnetic nanoparticle syntheses at the typically low concentrations (<100 mM of Fe) was achieved by comparing the signals induced in the sample and reference cell, each of which contained near-identical pairs of induction and pick-up coils. The reference cell was filled only with air, whereas the sample cell was a flow cell allowing sample solution to pass through. Balancing the flow and reference cell impedance with a newly developed electronic circuit was pivotal for the magnetometer's sensitivity. To showcase its potential, the flow magnetometer was used to monitor two iron oxide nanoparticle syntheses with well-known particle formation kinetics, i.e., co-precipitation syntheses with sodium carbonate and sodium hydroxide as base, which have been previously studied via synchrotron X-ray diffraction. The flow magnetometer facilitated batch (on-line) and flow (in-line) synthesis monitoring, providing new insights into the particle formation kinetics as well as, effect of temperature and pH. The compact lab-scale flow device presented here, opens up new possibilities for magnetic nanoparticle synthesis and manufacturing, including 1) early stage reaction characterisation 2) process monitoring and control and 3) high-throughput screening in combination with flow reactors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maximilian O Besenhard
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Dai Jiang
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Quentin A Pankhurst
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Paul Southern
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Spyridon Damilos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
| | - Liudmyla Storozhuk
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
| | - Andreas Demosthenous
- Department of Electronic and Electrical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK
| | - Nguyen T K Thanh
- UCL Healthcare Biomagnetics Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
- UCL Nanomaterials Laboratory, University College London, 21 Albemarle Street, London W1S 4BS, UK
- Biophysics Group, Department of Physics and Astronomy, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
| | - Peter Dobson
- The Queen's College, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 4AW, UK
| | - Asterios Gavriilidis
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University College London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, UK.
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20
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Continuous Cooling Crystallization in a Coiled Flow Inverter Crystallizer Technology—Design, Characterization, and Hurdles. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9091537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Continuous small-scale production is currently of utmost interest for fine chemicals and pharmaceuticals. For this purpose, equipment and process concepts in consideration of the hurdles for solids handling are required to transfer conventional batch processing to continuous operation. Based on empirical equations, pressure loss constraints, and an expandable modular system, a coiled flow inverter (CFI) crystallizer with an inner diameter of 1.6 mm was designed. It was characterized concerning its residence time behavior, tested for operation with seed crystals or an ultrasonic seed crystal unit, and evaluated for different purging mechanisms for stable operation. The residence time behavior in the CFI corresponds to ideal plug flow behavior. Crystal growth using seed crystals was demonstrated in the CFI for two amino acids. For fewer seed crystals, higher crystal growth rates were determined, while at the same time, secondary nucleation was observed. Feasibility for the interconnection of a sonicated seeding crystal unit could be shown. However, the hurdles are also identified and discussed. Prophylactic flushing combined with a photosensor for distinguishing between solvent and suspension phase can lead to stable and resource-efficient operation. The small-scale CFI technology was investigated in detail, and the limits and opportunities of the technology are presented here.
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21
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Sheng L, Chen Y, Deng J, Luo G. High‐frequency formation of bubble with short length in a capillary embedded step T‐junction microdevice. AIChE J 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/aic.17376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lin Sheng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Yuchao Chen
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Jian Deng
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
| | - Guangsheng Luo
- The State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Engineering Tsinghua University Beijing China
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22
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Lopez-Rodriguez R, Harding MJ, Gibson G, Girard KP, Ferguson S. Design of a Combined Modular and 3D-Printed Falling Film Solution Layer Crystallizer for Intermediate Purification in Continuous Production of Pharmaceuticals. Ind Eng Chem Res 2021; 60:10276-10285. [PMID: 34475633 PMCID: PMC8385708 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.1c00988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Revised: 06/13/2021] [Accepted: 06/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A highly scalable combined modular and 3D-printed falling film crystallization device is developed and demonstrated herein; the device uses a small, complex, printed overflow-based film distribution part that ensures formation of a well-distributed heated liquid film around a modular, tubular residence time/crystallizer section, enabling extended residence times to be achieved. A model API (ibuprofen) and impurity (ibuprofen ethyl ester) were used as a test system in the evaluation of the novel crystallizer design. The proposed crystallizer was run using three operational configurations: batch, cyclical batch, and continuous feed, all with intermittent removal of product. Results were suitable for intermediate purification requirements, and stable operation was demonstrated over multiple cycles, indicating that this approach should be compatible with parallel semicontinuous operation for intermediate purification and solvent swap applications in the manufacture of drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rafael Lopez-Rodriguez
- School
of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- SSPC,
The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and
Bioprocess Engineering, University College
Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Matthew J. Harding
- School
of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- I-Form,
The SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, School of Chemical
and Bioprocess Engineering, University College
Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
| | - Geoff Gibson
- Pfizer
Ireland Pharmaceuticals, Ringaskiddy, Ireland
| | - Kevin P. Girard
- Pfizer
Inc. Chemical R&D, Groton, Connecticut 06340, United States
| | - Steven Ferguson
- School
of Chemical and Bioprocess Engineering, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- SSPC,
The SFI Research Centre for Pharmaceuticals, School of Chemical and
Bioprocess Engineering, University College
Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- I-Form,
The SFI Research Centre for Advanced Manufacturing, School of Chemical
and Bioprocess Engineering, University College
Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
- National
Institute for Bioprocess Research and Training, 24 Foster’s Avenue, Belfield, Blackrock, Co. Dublin A94 X099, Ireland
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23
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Comparative evaluations of bulk seeded protein crystallization in batch versus continuous slug flow crystallizers. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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24
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Termühlen M, Etmanski MM, Kryschewski I, Kufner AC, Schembecker G, Wohlgemuth K. Continuous slug flow crystallization: Impact of design and operating parameters on product quality. Chem Eng Res Des 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2021.04.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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25
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Neugebauer P, Triebl A, Gruber-Woelfler H. Complete chiral resolution in a continuous flow crystallizer with recycle stream. J Flow Chem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s41981-021-00173-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AbstractRepeated temperature cycling of crystals from a conglomerate forming chiral substance suspended in their saturated solution has shown to be effective in converting a mixture of both enantiomers into an enantiomerically pure state. While by now a large number of different setups has been demonstrated, here we show for the first time how a continuous flow temperature cycler with recycle stream is capable of establishing enantiopurity while converting a racemic starting suspension. By capturing the most significant parameters influencing the process kinetics a competitive productivity could be achieved. We show, that fast crystal dissolution at high undersaturations and fast crystal growth at high supersaturations are speeding up the process as long as nucleation can be kept to a minimum or avoided at all. Temperature cycling has shown to result in a shift towards larger sizes for the particle size distribution of the crystals suspended, which is detrimental to the present process governed by size-dependent solubility. By implementing an ultrasound unit recycled material was comminuted, resulting in nearly stable deracemization rates.
Graphical abstract
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26
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Pu S, Hadinoto K. Improving the reproducibility of size distribution of protein crystals produced in continuous slug flow crystallizer operated at short residence time. Chem Eng Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2020.116181] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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27
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Orehek J, Teslić D, Likozar B. Continuous Crystallization Processes in Pharmaceutical Manufacturing: A Review. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.0c00398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Jaka Orehek
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Lek d. d., Sandoz, a Novartis division, Verovškova 57, 1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Dušan Teslić
- Lek d. d., Sandoz, a Novartis division, Verovškova 57, 1526 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Blaž Likozar
- National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1001 Ljubljana, Slovenia
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28
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Schaffter SW, Scalise D, Murphy TM, Patel A, Schulman R. Feedback regulation of crystal growth by buffering monomer concentration. Nat Commun 2020; 11:6057. [PMID: 33247122 PMCID: PMC7695852 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-19882-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Crystallization is a ubiquitous means of self-assembly that can organize matter over length scales orders of magnitude larger than those of the monomer units. Yet crystallization is notoriously difficult to control because it is exquisitely sensitive to monomer concentration, which changes as monomers are depleted during growth. Living cells control crystallization using chemical reaction networks that offset depletion by synthesizing or activating monomers to regulate monomer concentration, stabilizing growth conditions even as depletion rates change, and thus reliably yielding desired products. Using DNA nanotubes as a model system, here we show that coupling a generic reversible bimolecular monomer buffering reaction to a crystallization process leads to reliable growth of large, uniformly sized crystals even when crystal growth rates change over time. Buffering could be applied broadly as a simple means to regulate and sustain batch crystallization and could facilitate the self-assembly of complex, hierarchical synthetic structures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samuel W Schaffter
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Dominic Scalise
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | | | - Anusha Patel
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA
| | - Rebecca Schulman
- Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Computer Science, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
- Department of Chemistry, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, 21218, USA.
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29
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Pu S, Hadinoto K. Continuous crystallization as a downstream processing step of pharmaceutical proteins: A review. Chem Eng Res Des 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2020.05.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
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30
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Mou M, Jiang M. Fast Continuous Non-Seeded Cooling Crystallization of Glycine in Slug Flow: Pure α-Form Crystals with Narrow Size Distribution. J Pharm Innov 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12247-020-09438-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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31
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Ma Y, Wu S, Macaringue EGJ, Zhang T, Gong J, Wang J. Recent Progress in Continuous Crystallization of Pharmaceutical Products: Precise Preparation and Control. Org Process Res Dev 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.9b00362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yiming Ma
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Songgu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Estevao Genito Joao Macaringue
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Teng Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
- Co-innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin 300072, People’s Republic of China
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32
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Afkhami FA, Mahmoudi G, Khandar AA, White JM, Maniukiewicz W. Design and construction of Zn(II) coordination polymers made by pincer type pyridine-hydrazine based ligands. J Mol Struct 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2019.07.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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33
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Termühlen M, Strakeljahn B, Schembecker G, Wohlgemuth K. Characterization of slug formation towards the performance of air-liquid segmented flow. Chem Eng Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ces.2019.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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34
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McLaughlin AM, Robertson J, Ni XW. Investigation of dissolution rate kinetics of bulk pharmaceutical feed streams within a stirred tank vessel and a twin screw extruder. Pharm Dev Technol 2019; 25:219-226. [PMID: 31651201 DOI: 10.1080/10837450.2019.1685543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
The introduction of continuous manufacturing of pharmaceuticals has highlighted the challenging area of continuous dissolution of solids for work ups to flow chemistry systems. In this study, the use of a 16 mm twin screw extruder (TSE) as a platform technology for solid feeds is investigated using four solid pharmaceutical ingredients (PI) in a mixture of water and IPA. In order for comparison, the same experiments were also carried out in a batch traditional stirred tank vessel (STV). The objectives of this work are to gain further scientific understanding on dissolution kinetics and to compare kinetics in both a batch and continuous system. The concentration of each PI during dissolution is monitored using an in-line UV-ATR probe, allowing the extraction of dissolution kinetics. Faster dissolution rates are achieved in the TSE than in the STV due to higher power dissipation generated by the aggressive shear mixing and thermal energy within the TSE. Complete dissolution of paracetamol is obtained within the residence time of the TSE; complete dissolution of benzoic acid and acetylsalicylic acid are achieved at higher barrel temperatures; however full dissolution of nicotinic acid is not achievable in the TSE under the experimental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arabella M McLaughlin
- EPSRC Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC), Centre for Oscillatory Baffled Reactor Applications (COBRA), School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
| | - John Robertson
- EPSRC Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation Research Hub, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, UK
| | - Xiong-Wei Ni
- EPSRC Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC), Centre for Oscillatory Baffled Reactor Applications (COBRA), School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh, UK
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35
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Benitez-Chapa AG, Nigam KDP, Alvarez AJ. Process Intensification of Continuous Antisolvent Crystallization Using a Coiled Flow Inverter. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b04160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrea G. Benitez-Chapa
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L. 64849, México
| | - Krishna D. P. Nigam
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L. 64849, México
- Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Department of Chemical Engineering, Hauz Khas, New Delhi 110016, India
| | - Alejandro J. Alvarez
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Av. Eugenio Garza Sada 2501, Monterrey, N. L. 64849, México
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36
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Continuous Generation of Millimeter-Sized Glycine Crystals in Non-Seeded Millifluidic Slug Flow. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9080412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Millimeter-sized α-glycine crystals were generated from continuous non-seeded cooling crystallization in slug flow. The crystallization process is composed of three steps in sequence: slug formation, crash-cooling nucleation, and growth. Stable uniform slugs of three different aspect ratios (slug length/tubing inner diameter) were formed, by adjusting the flow rates of both the solution and air streams. Besides supersaturation, the slug aspect ratio can also affect primary nucleation outcome. Stable slug flow can accommodate a relative supersaturation (C/C*) of up to 1.5 without secondary nucleation. Large glycine crystals can grow to millimeter size within 10 min, inside millimeter-sized slugs without reducing the slug quality.
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37
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Hadiwinoto GD, Kwok PCL, Tong HHY, Wong SN, Chow SF, Lakerveld R. Integrated Continuous Plug-Flow Crystallization and Spray Drying of Pharmaceuticals for Dry Powder Inhalation. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.9b01730] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Daisy Hadiwinoto
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Philip C. L. Kwok
- Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales 2006, Australia
| | - Henry H. Y. Tong
- School of Health Sciences, Macao Polytechnic Institute, R. de Luis Gonzaga Gomes, Macau, China
| | - Si Nga Wong
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Shing Fung Chow
- Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong
| | - Richard Lakerveld
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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38
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Abstract
Abstract
Inhibition of amyloid β peptide (Aβ) aggregation is an important goal due to the connection of this process with Alzheimer’s disease. Traditionally, inhibitors were developed with an aim to retard the overall macroscopic aggregation. However, recent advances imply that approaches based on mechanistic insights may be more powerful. In such approaches, the microscopic steps underlying the aggregation process are identified, and it is established which of these step(s) lead to neurotoxicity. Inhibitors are then derived to specifically target steps involved in toxicity. The Aβ aggregation process is composed of at minimum three microscopic steps: primary nucleation of monomers only, secondary nucleation of monomers on fibril surface, and elongation of fibrils by monomer addition. The vast majority of toxic species are generated from the secondary nucleation process: this may be a key process to inhibit in order to limit toxicity. Inhibition of primary nucleation, which delays the emergence of toxic species without affecting their total concentration, may also be effective. Inhibition of elongation may instead increase the toxicity over time. Here we briefly review findings regarding secondary nucleation of Aβ, its dominance over primary nucleation, and attempts to derive inhibitors that specifically target secondary nucleation with an aim to limit toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Linse
- Lund University , Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology , P.O. Box 124 , 221 00 Lund , Sweden
- Lund University , NanoLund , Lund , Sweden
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39
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Köllges T, Vetter T. Polymorph Selection and Process Intensification in a Continuous Crystallization–Milling Process: A Case Study on l-Glutamic Acid Crystallized from Water. Org Process Res Dev 2019. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Till Köllges
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
| | - Thomas Vetter
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, U.K
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40
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Mahmoudi G, Khandar AA, Afkhami FA, Miroslaw B, Gurbanov AV, Zubkov FI, Kennedy A, Franconetti A, Frontera A. Modulation of coordination in pincer-type isonicotinohydrazone Schiff base ligands by proton transfer. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce01580e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
We report the synthesis and X-ray characterization and theoretical study of two Hg(ii) complexes with pincer-type isonicotinohydrazone Schiff base ligands to analyze chelate-ring π-stacked assemblies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ghodrat Mahmoudi
- Department of Chemistry
- Faculty of Science
- University of Maragheh
- Maragheh
- Iran
| | - Ali Akbar Khandar
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry
- Faculty of Chemistry
- University of Tabriz
- Tabriz
- Iran
| | | | - Barbara Miroslaw
- Department of Crystallography
- Faculty of Chemistry
- Maria Curie-Sklodowska University
- 20-031 Lublin
- Poland
| | - Atash V. Gurbanov
- Department of Organic Chemistry
- Baku State University
- Baku
- Azerbaijan
- Centro de Química Estrutural
| | - Fedor I. Zubkov
- Organic Chemistry Department
- Faculty of Science
- Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University)
- Moscow
- Russian Federation
| | - Alan Kennedy
- Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry
- University of Strathclyde
- Glasgow G1 1XL
- Scotland, UK
| | - Antonio Franconetti
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares)
- Spain
| | - Antonio Frontera
- Departament de Química
- Universitat de les Illes Balears
- 07122 Palma de Mallorca (Baleares)
- Spain
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41
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Jiang M, Braatz RD. Designs of continuous-flow pharmaceutical crystallizers: developments and practice. CrystEngComm 2019. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00042e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
This review of recent research advances in continuous-flow crystallization includes a five-step general design procedure, generally applicable process intensification strategies, and practical insights.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mo Jiang
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
- Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering
| | - Richard D. Braatz
- Department of Chemical Engineering
- Massachusetts Institute of Technology
- Cambridge
- USA
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42
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McLaughlin AM, Robertson J, Ni XW. On the Use of a Twin Screw Extruder for Continuous Solid Feeding and Dissolution for Continuous Flow Processes. Org Process Res Dev 2018. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.oprd.8b00187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Arabella M. McLaughlin
- EPSRC Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC), Centre for Oscillatory Baffled Reactor Applications (COBRA), School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
| | - John Robertson
- EPSRC Future Continuous Manufacturing and Advanced Crystallisation Research Hub, University of Strathclyde Technology and Innovation Centre, 99 George Street, Glasgow G1 1RD, U.K
| | - Xiong-Wei Ni
- EPSRC Centre for Continuous Manufacturing and Crystallisation (CMAC), Centre for Oscillatory Baffled Reactor Applications (COBRA), School of Engineering and Physical Science, Heriot-Watt University, Edinburgh EH14 4AS, U.K
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43
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Törnquist M, Michaels TCT, Sanagavarapu K, Yang X, Meisl G, Cohen SIA, Knowles TPJ, Linse S. Secondary nucleation in amyloid formation. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:8667-8684. [PMID: 29978862 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc02204f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 272] [Impact Index Per Article: 45.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Nucleation of new peptide and protein aggregates on the surfaces of amyloid fibrils of the same peptide or protein has emerged in the past two decades as a major pathway for both the generation of molecular species responsible for cellular toxicity and for the autocatalytic proliferation of peptide and protein aggregates. A key question in current research is the molecular mechanism and driving forces governing such processes, known as secondary nucleation. In this context, the analogies with other self-assembling systems for which monomer-dependent secondary nucleation has been studied for more than a century provide a valuable source of inspiration. Here, we present a short overview of this background and then review recent results regarding secondary nucleation of amyloid-forming peptides and proteins, focusing in particular on the amyloid β peptide (Aβ) from Alzheimer's disease, with some examples regarding α-synuclein from Parkinson's disease. Monomer-dependent secondary nucleation of Aβ was discovered using a combination of kinetic experiments, global analysis, seeding experiments and selective isotope-enrichment, which pinpoint the monomer as the origin of new aggregates in a fibril-catalyzed reaction. Insights into driving forces are gained from variations of solution conditions, temperature and peptide sequence. Selective inhibition of secondary nucleation is explored as an effective means to limit oligomer production and toxicity. We also review experiments aimed at finding interaction partners of oligomers generated by secondary nucleation in an ongoing aggregation process. At the end of this feature article we bring forward outstanding questions and testable mechanistic hypotheses regarding monomer-dependent secondary nucleation in amyloid formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mattias Törnquist
- Lund University, Department of Biochemistry and Structural Biology, Chemical Centre, PO Box 124, SE221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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Neugebauer P, Cardona J, Besenhard MO, Peter A, Gruber-Woelfler H, Tachtatzis C, Cleary A, Andonovic I, Sefcik J, Khinast JG. Crystal Shape Modification via Cycles of Growth and Dissolution in a Tubular Crystallizer. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2018; 18:4403-4415. [PMID: 30918477 PMCID: PMC6430499 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.8b00371] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2018] [Revised: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Besides size and polymorphic form, crystal shape takes a central role in engineering advanced solid materials for the pharmaceutical and chemical industries. This work demonstrates how multiple cycles of growth and dissolution can manipulate the habit of an acetylsalicylic acid crystal population. Considerable changes of the crystal habit could be achieved within minutes due to rapid cycling, i.e., up to 25 cycles within <10 min. The required fast heating and cooling rates were facilitated using a tubular reactor design allowing for superior temperature control. The face-specific interactions between solvent and the crystals' surface result in face-specific growth and dissolution rates and hence alterations of the final shape of the crystals in solution. Accurate quantification of the crystal shapes was essential for this work, but is everything except simple. A commercial size and shape analyzer had to be adapted to achieve the required accuracy. Online size, and most important shape, analysis was achieved using an automated microscope equipped with a flow-through cell, in combination with a dedicated image analysis routine for particle tracking and shape analysis. Due to the implementation of this analyzer, capable of obtaining statistics on the crystals' shape while still in solution (no sampling and manipulation required), the dynamic behavior of the size shape distribution could be studied. This enabled a detailed analysis of the solvent's effect on the change in crystal habit.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Neugebauer
- Graz
University of Technology, Institute of Process
and Particle Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Javier Cardona
- Centre
for Intelligent Dynamic Communications, Department of Electronic and
Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George
Street, Glasgow, G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Maximilian O. Besenhard
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, University College
London, Torrington Place, London, WC1E 7JE, U.K.
- Research
Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Anna Peter
- Research
Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Heidrun Gruber-Woelfler
- Graz
University of Technology, Institute of Process
and Particle Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research
Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Christos Tachtatzis
- Centre
for Intelligent Dynamic Communications, Department of Electronic and
Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George
Street, Glasgow, G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Alison Cleary
- Centre
for Intelligent Dynamic Communications, Department of Electronic and
Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George
Street, Glasgow, G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Ivan Andonovic
- Centre
for Intelligent Dynamic Communications, Department of Electronic and
Electrical Engineering, University of Strathclyde, Royal College Building, 204 George
Street, Glasgow, G1 1XW, U.K.
| | - Jan Sefcik
- Department
of Chemical and Process Engineering, University
of Strathclyde, 75 Montrose Street, Glasgow, G1 1XJ, U.K.
| | - Johannes G. Khinast
- Graz
University of Technology, Institute of Process
and Particle Engineering, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
- Research
Center for Pharmaceutical Engineering (RCPE) GmbH, Inffeldgasse 13, 8010 Graz, Austria
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