1
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Pan G, Tse HT, Chan HW, Chan W. Using 2-(2-Chlorophenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic Acid as a Novel Biomarker for 2-Chlorobenzalmalononitrile Exposure. Chem Res Toxicol 2024. [PMID: 39367858 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.4c00304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/07/2024]
Abstract
This study addressed the development of a novel biomarker for 2-chlorobenzalmalononitrile (CS) gas exposure. Using liquid chromatographic and mass spectrometric techniques, we found that CS underwent rapid hydrolysis into 2-chlorobenzaldehyde (2-CBA), a highly reactive intermediate that reacted swiftly with endogenous cysteine (Cys) and Cys residues in proteins, producing a stable 2-(2-chlorophenyl)thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid adduct (ClPh-SPro) in high yield, which may be used as a CS exposure dosimeter. In particular, it was found that most CS was rapidly hydrolyzed under physiologically relevant conditions, with over 90% of CS being converted into 2-CBA in as short as 20 min. The resultant 2-CBA then reacted swiftly with Cys (k = 0.086 M-1 s-1), forming the stable thiazolidine-4-carboxylic acid adduct, which was detected both in the intracellular fluid and in the cell-isolated proteins of CS-exposed lung cells, as well as in purified human serum albumin. It is expected that the results of this study will facilitate exposure assessment for bystanders who may have been exposed to high levels of CS gas unwillingly.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanrui Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Hei-Tak Tse
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Ho-Wai Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR China
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2
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Pan G, Au CK, Ham YH, Yu JZ, Cai Z, Chan W. Urinary Thioproline and Thioprolinyl Glycine as Specific Biomarkers of Formaldehyde Exposure in Humans. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2024; 58:16368-16375. [PMID: 39223712 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.4c06921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
Assessment of personal formaldehyde (FA) exposure is most commonly carried out using formate as a biomarker, as it is the major product from FA metabolism. However, formate could also have originated from the metabolism of other endogenous and exogenous substances or from dietary intake, which may give rise to overestimated results with regard to FA exposure. We have developed and validated a liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) coupled with an isotope-dilution method for rigorous quantitation of two major urinary FA conjugation products: thioproline (SPro) and thioprolinyl glycine (SPro-Gly), formed in the reaction between FA and endogenous cysteine or cysteinyl glycine, respectively, as marker molecules to assess personal FA exposure. Using this newly developed method, we measured the FA exposure levels in cigarette smokers, occupants of a chemistry research laboratory and typical domestic household, and visitors to a Chinese temple with a Pearson correlation coefficient greater than 0.94, showing a strong linear correlation between urinary adduct levels and the airborne FA level. It is believed that quantitation of urinary SPro and SPro-Gly may represent a noninvasive, interference-free method for assessing personal FA exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guanrui Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Chun-Kit Au
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Yat-Hing Ham
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Jian Zhen Yu
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Zongwei Cai
- Department of Chemistry and State Key Laboratory of Environmental and Biological Analysis, Hong Kong Baptist University, Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR, China
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, China
- Division of Environment and Sustainability, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon , Hong Kong SAR, China
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3
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Kubyshkin V, Rubini M. Proline Analogues. Chem Rev 2024; 124:8130-8232. [PMID: 38941181 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.4c00007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/30/2024]
Abstract
Within the canonical repertoire of the amino acid involved in protein biogenesis, proline plays a unique role as an amino acid presenting a modified backbone rather than a side-chain. Chemical structures that mimic proline but introduce changes into its specific molecular features are defined as proline analogues. This review article summarizes the existing chemical, physicochemical, and biochemical knowledge about this peculiar family of structures. We group proline analogues from the following compounds: substituted prolines, unsaturated and fused structures, ring size homologues, heterocyclic, e.g., pseudoproline, and bridged proline-resembling structures. We overview (1) the occurrence of proline analogues in nature and their chemical synthesis, (2) physicochemical properties including ring conformation and cis/trans amide isomerization, (3) use in commercial drugs such as nirmatrelvir recently approved against COVID-19, (4) peptide and protein synthesis involving proline analogues, (5) specific opportunities created in peptide engineering, and (6) cases of protein engineering with the analogues. The review aims to provide a summary to anyone interested in using proline analogues in systems ranging from specific biochemical setups to complex biological systems.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Marina Rubini
- School of Chemistry, University College Dublin, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland
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4
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Zhong ZJ, Ling J, Yao ZP, Liu LF, Zheng JY, Xin GZ. Targeted Quantification of Glutathione/Arginine Redox Metabolism Based on a Novel Paired Mass Spectrometry Probe Approach for the Functional Assessment of Redox Status. Anal Chem 2024; 96:9885-9893. [PMID: 38848670 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.4c00732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2024]
Abstract
Glutathione (GSH) redox control and arginine metabolism are critical in regulating the physiological response to injury and oxidative stress. Quantification assessment of the GSH/arginine redox metabolism supports monitoring metabolic pathway shifts during pathological processes and their linkages to redox regulation. However, assessing the redox status of organisms with complex matrices is challenging, and single redox molecule analysis may not be accurate for interrogating the redox status in cells and in vivo. Herein, guided by a paired derivatization strategy, we present a new ultraperformance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS)-based approach for the functional assessment of biological redox status. Two structurally analogous probes, 6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (AQC) and newly synthesized 2-methyl-6-aminoquinolyl-N-hydroxysuccinimidyl carbamate (MeAQC), were set for paired derivatization. The developed approach was successfully applied to LPS-stimulated RAW 264.7 cells and HDM-induced asthma mice to obtain quantitative information on GSH/arginine redox metabolism. The results suggest that the redox status was remarkably altered upon LPS and HDM stimulation. We expect that this approach will be of good use in a clinical biomarker assay and potential drug screening associated with redox metabolism, oxidative damage, and redox signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhu-Jun Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jing Ling
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zhong-Ping Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology and Drug Discovery, Research Centre for Chinese Medicine Innovation, Food Safety and Technology Research Centre and Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hung Hom, Kowloon 999077, China
| | - Li-Fang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia-Yi Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Gui-Zhong Xin
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Chinese Medicines Analysis, School of Traditional Chinese Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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5
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Tian S, Liu R, Wu Z, Zhang K. A Novel Strategy Based on Permanent Protein Modifications Induced by Formaldehyde for Food Safety Analysis. Anal Chem 2022; 94:17365-17369. [PMID: 36458654 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c04069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
Abstract
The illegal additions of chemicals in food products are serious incidents threatening current public safety. To date, ideal methods to determine permanent traces of prohibited chemicals in foods are still lacking. For example, formaldehyde (FA) can be added illegally as a food preservative. However, most current methods that are dependent on the direct detection of FA are not able to determine if FA has ever been added once food products are rinsed completely. Herein, we present a novel approach relying upon protein modifications induced by FA (PMIF) to examine FA in foods. We reveal the entire catalog of PMIFs in food products by combining mass spectrometry analysis with unrestrictive identification of protein modifications. Consequently, four obvious PMIFs were identified and confirmed as markers to discriminate the addition of FA in foods. Our study demonstrates that the approach based on PMIFs enables detecting the imprinted trace of FA even if the food products have been washed thoroughly. Our work presents a novel strategy for analysis of chemical additives, offering broad potential applications in protein analysis and food safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Tian
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Ranran Liu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Zhiyue Wu
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Kai Zhang
- The Province and Ministry Co-sponsored Collaborative Innovation Center for Medical Epigenetics, Key Laboratory of Immune Microenvironment and Disease (Ministry of Education), Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Retinal Functions and Diseases, Eye Institute and School of Optometry, Tianjin Medical University Eye Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China.,Tianjin Key Laboratory of Digestive Diseases, Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, China
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6
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Analysis of Differentially Expressed Proteins and Modifications Induced by Formaldehyde Using LC-MS/MS. SEPARATIONS 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/separations9050112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) is a toxic compound that is considered to have a carcinogenic effect due to its damage to biological macromolecules. However, the influence of FA at the protein level remains to be explored. Here, we used LC-MS/MS to identify the differentially expressed proteins and modifications to proteins between FA-treated and untreated HeLa cells. Among 2021 proteins identified, 196 proteins were significantly down-regulated and 152 up-regulated. The differentially expressed proteins were further analyzed using bioinformatics tools for annotating the characterization of their localizations and functions. To evaluate the interaction of FA with proteins, we performed proteomic analysis for a mass shift of 12 Da on the side chains of lysine, cysteine and tryptophan, which are induced by FA as noticeable signals. We identified the modified proteins and sites, suggesting direct interaction between FA and proteins. Motif analysis further showed the characterization of amino acid sequences that react with FA. Cluster analysis of the modified proteins indicated that the FA-interacting networks are mostly enriched in the nuclei, ribosomes and metabolism. Our study presents the influence of FA on proteomes and modifications, offering a new insight into the mechanisms underlying FA-induced biological effects.
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7
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Chan W, Jin L. DNA-Protein Cross-Links Formed by Reacting Lysine with Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites in DNA and Human Cells: Quantitative Analysis by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Stable Isotope Dilution. Anal Chem 2021; 94:803-810. [PMID: 34971314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c03356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating evidence suggests that DNA lesion-induced DNA-protein cross-links (DPCs) interrupt normal DNA metabolic processes, such as transcription, replication, and repair, resulting in profound biological consequences, including the development of many human diseases, such as cancers. Although apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are among the most predominant DNA lesions and are in close proximity to the histone proteins that they wrap around in the nucleosome, knowledge of the chemical structure or biological consequences of their associated DPCs is limited in part due to a lack of sensitive and selective analytical methods. We developed liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled with a stable isotope dilution method for rigorous quantitation of DPCs formed by reacting a DNA AP site with a lysine residue. In combination with chemical derivatization with fluorenylmethoxycarbonyl chloride to form a hydrophobic conjugate, the developed LC-MS/MS method allows sensitive detection of AP site-Lys cross-links down to sub-1 adduct per 106 nt. After validation using a synthetic AP site-lysine-cross-linked peptide and an oligodeoxyribonucleotide, the method was used to determine the concentration of AP site-lysine cross-links in hot acid-treated DNA and in human cells exposed to methyl methanesulfonate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Long Jin
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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8
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López JC, Macario A, Verde A, Pérez-Encabo A, Blanco S. Decoding the Structure of Non-Proteinogenic Amino Acids: The Rotational Spectrum of Jet-Cooled Laser-Ablated Thioproline. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26247585. [PMID: 34946666 PMCID: PMC8715752 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26247585] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 12/10/2021] [Accepted: 12/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
The broadband rotational spectrum of jet-cooled laser-ablated thioproline was recorded. Two conformers of this system were observed and identified with the help of DFT and ab initio computations by comparison of the observed and calculated rotational constants and 14N quadrupole coupling constants as well as the predicted energies compared to the observed relative populations. These conformers showed a mixed bent/twisted arrangement of the five-membered ring similar to that of the related compound thiazolidine with the N–H bond in axial configuration. The most stable form had the COOH group in an equatorial position on the same side of the ring as N-H. The arrangement of the C=O group close to the N-H bond led to a weak interaction between them (classified as type I) characterized by a noncovalent interaction analysis. The second form had a trans-COOH arrangement showing a type II O–H···N hydrogen bond. In thioproline, the stability of conformers of type I and type II was reversed with respect to proline. We show how the conformation of the ring depends on the function associated with the endocyclic N atom when comparing the structures of isolated thioproline with its zwitterion observed in condensed phases and with peptide forms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos López
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.); or (A.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Alberto Macario
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.); or (A.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Andrés Verde
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.); or (A.M.); (A.V.)
| | - Alfonso Pérez-Encabo
- Departamento de Química Orgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain;
| | - Susana Blanco
- Departamento de Química Física y Química Inorgánica, Facultad de Ciencias, IU CINQUIMA Universidad de Valladolid, 47011 Valladolid, Spain; (J.C.L.); or (A.M.); (A.V.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +34-983423272
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9
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Synthesis, crystal structural determination and in silco biological studies of 3,3′-ethane-1,2-diylbis(2-benzylidene-1,3-thiazolidin-4-one. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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10
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Zhao Y, Chan W. Quantitation of γ-Glutamylcysteine-Formaldehyde Conjugate in Formaldehyde- and Oxidative Stress-Exposed Cells by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry. Chem Res Toxicol 2021; 34:1782-1789. [PMID: 34196185 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.1c00113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Humans are constantly exposed to formaldehyde (FA) of both exogenous and endogenous sources, and FA exposure is associated with the development of many human diseases, including cancers. Marker molecules that can provide information on exposure history and amounts will assist disease risk assessment and early interventions. To develop marker signatures of FA exposure, we explored in this study the conjugation reaction of FA with γ-glutamylcysteine (GGC), one of the precursors to glutathione biosynthesis, under physiologically relevant conditions. The results showed that the reaction produced a stable metabolite of FA, (S)-1-((((R)-2-amino-2-carboxyethyl)thio)methyl)-5-oxopyrrolidine-2-carboxylic acid (COCA). Using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry coupled to a stable isotope-dilution method, we then quantitated for the first time the formation of this novel metabolite in FA- and Fe2+-EDTA-exposed human cells. The results revealed the exposure time- and concentration-dependent formation of COCA in FA- or Fe2+-EDTA-exposed cells, suggesting that COCA may serve as a biomarker of FA and oxidative stress exposure. Furthermore, the study sheds light on a previously unknown protective role of GGC against FA and oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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11
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Zhu H, Dronamraju V, Xie W, More SS. Sulfur-containing therapeutics in the treatment of Alzheimer's disease. Med Chem Res 2021; 30:305-352. [PMID: 33613018 PMCID: PMC7889054 DOI: 10.1007/s00044-020-02687-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur is widely existent in natural products and synthetic organic compounds as organosulfur, which are often associated with a multitude of biological activities. OBenzothiazole, in which benzene ring is fused to the 4,5-positions of the thiazolerganosulfur compounds continue to garner increasing amounts of attention in the field of medicinal chemistry, especially in the development of therapeutic agents for Alzheimer's disease (AD). AD is a fatal neurodegenerative disease and the primary cause of age-related dementia posing severe societal and economic burdens. Unfortunately, there is no cure for AD. A lot of research has been conducted on sulfur-containing compounds in the context of AD due to their innate antioxidant potential and some are currently being evaluated in clinical trials. In this review, we have described emerging trends in the field, particularly the concept of multi-targeting and formulation of disease-modifying strategies. SAR, pharmacological targets, in vitro/vivo ADMET, efficacy in AD animal models, and applications in clinical trials of such sulfur compounds have also been discussed. This article provides a comprehensive review of organosulfur-based AD therapeutic agents and provides insights into their future development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haizhou Zhu
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Venkateshwara Dronamraju
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Wei Xie
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
| | - Swati S. More
- Center for Drug Design, College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA
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12
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Thioproline formation as a driver of formaldehyde toxicity in Escherichia coli. Biochem J 2020; 477:1745-1757. [PMID: 32301498 DOI: 10.1042/bcj20200198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2020] [Revised: 04/14/2020] [Accepted: 04/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (HCHO) is a reactive carbonyl compound that formylates and cross-links proteins, DNA, and small molecules. It is of specific concern as a toxic intermediate in the design of engineered pathways involving methanol oxidation or formate reduction. The interest in engineering these pathways is not, however, matched by engineering-relevant information on precisely why HCHO is toxic or on what damage-control mechanisms cells deploy to manage HCHO toxicity. The only well-defined mechanism for managing HCHO toxicity is formaldehyde dehydrogenase-mediated oxidation to formate, which is counterproductive if HCHO is a desired pathway intermediate. We therefore sought alternative HCHO damage-control mechanisms via comparative genomic analysis. This analysis associated homologs of the Escherichia coli pepP gene with HCHO-related one-carbon metabolism. Furthermore, deleting pepP increased the sensitivity of E. coli to supplied HCHO but not other carbonyl compounds. PepP is a proline aminopeptidase that cleaves peptides of the general formula X-Pro-Y, yielding X + Pro-Y. HCHO is known to react spontaneously with cysteine to form the close proline analog thioproline (thiazolidine-4-carboxylate), which is incorporated into proteins and hence into proteolytic peptides. We therefore hypothesized that certain thioproline-containing peptides are toxic and that PepP cleaves these aberrant peptides. Supporting this hypothesis, PepP cleaved the model peptide Ala-thioproline-Ala as efficiently as Ala-Pro-Ala in vitro and in vivo, and deleting pepP increased sensitivity to supplied thioproline. Our data thus (i) provide biochemical genetic evidence that thioproline formation contributes substantially to HCHO toxicity and (ii) make PepP a candidate damage-control enzyme for engineered pathways having HCHO as an intermediate.
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13
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Mai X, Zhou F, Lin P, Lin S, Gao J, Ma Y, Fan R, Ting W, Huang C, Yin D, Kang Z. Metformin scavenges formaldehyde and attenuates formaldehyde-induced bovine serum albumin crosslinking and cellular DNA damage. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2020; 35:1170-1178. [PMID: 32519799 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22982] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 04/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/18/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Formaldehyde (FA) can be produced in the environment and by cell metabolism and has been classified as a carcinogen in animals and humans. Metformin is the most commonly used drug for the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Metformin also has potential benefit in cancer prevention and treatment. The aim of this study was to determine whether metformin can directly react with FA and attenuate its toxicity in vitro. Metformin was incubated at pH 7.4 and 37°C in the presence of FA, and the reaction mixture was analyzed by UV spectrophotometry, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and mass spectrometry. Fluorescence spectrophotometry, immunofluorescence, and western blot were used to measure FA-induced bovine serum albumin (BSA) crosslinking and DNA damage in HepG2 cells treated with or without metformin. According to the HPLC and mass spectrometry data, we speculate that the reaction of metformin with FA (1:1) initially results in the formation of a conjugated intermediate followed by the subsequent generation of a stable six-membered ring structure. Correspondingly, metformin attenuated FA-induced fluorescence in BSA as well as the aggregation of γH2AX in HepG2 cells. These results suggest that metformin can protect protein and DNA damage induced by FA at least partly through a direct reaction process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinglian Mai
- Department of Pharmacy, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Fuyang Zhou
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Peibin Lin
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Shuyun Lin
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Jun Gao
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Yuhua Ma
- Department of Renal Endocrinology, Kunshan Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunshan, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rongrong Fan
- Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Weijen Ting
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Chihyang Huang
- Department of Health and Nutrition Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
- College of Medicine, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan
- Medical Research Center for Exosome and Mitochondria Related Diseases, China Medical University and Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Dazhong Yin
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- Key Laboratory of Protein Chemistry and Developmental Biology of Ministry of Education, College of Life Sciences, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Zhanfang Kang
- Department of Basic Medical Research, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan People's Hospital, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
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14
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Pan G, Ham YH, Chan HW, Yao J, Chan W. LC-MS/MS Coupled with a Stable-Isotope Dilution Method for the Quantitation of Thioproline-Glycine: A Novel Metabolite in Formaldehyde- and Oxidative Stress-Exposed Cells. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1989-1996. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guanrui Pan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Yat-Hing Ham
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Ho Wai Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Jing Yao
- Department of Mathematics, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water
Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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15
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Ham YH, Jason Chan KK, Chan W. Thioproline Serves as an Efficient Antioxidant Protecting Human Cells from Oxidative Stress and Improves Cell Viability. Chem Res Toxicol 2020; 33:1815-1821. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.0c00055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yat-Hing Ham
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - K. K. Jason Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong
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16
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Sahiba N, Sethiya A, Soni J, Agarwal DK, Agarwal S. Saturated Five-Membered Thiazolidines and Their Derivatives: From Synthesis to Biological Applications. Top Curr Chem (Cham) 2020; 378:34. [PMID: 32206929 PMCID: PMC7101601 DOI: 10.1007/s41061-020-0298-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
In past decades, interdisciplinary research has been of great interest for scholars. Thiazolidine motifs behave as a bridge between organic synthesis and medicinal chemistry and compel researchers to explore new drug candidates. Thiazolidine motifs are very intriguing heterocyclic five-membered moieties present in diverse natural and bioactive compounds having sulfur at the first position and nitrogen at the third position. The presence of sulfur enhances their pharmacological properties, and, therefore, they are used as vehicles in the synthesis of valuable organic combinations. They show varied biological properties viz. anticancer, anticonvulsant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective, antioxidant activity and so on. This diversity in the biological response makes it a highly prized moiety. Based on literature studies, various synthetic approaches like multicomponent reaction, click reaction, nano-catalysis and green chemistry have been employed to improve their selectivity, purity, product yield and pharmacokinetic activity. In this review article, we have summarized systematic approaches for the synthesis of thiazolidine and its derivatives, along with their pharmacological activity, including advantages of green synthesis, atom economy, cleaner reaction profile and catalyst recovery which will help scientists to probe and stimulate the study of these scaffolds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nusrat Sahiba
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Ayushi Sethiya
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Jay Soni
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Dinesh K. Agarwal
- Department of Pharmacy, B. N. University, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
| | - Shikha Agarwal
- Department of Chemistry, Synthetic Organic Chemistry Laboratory, MLSU, Udaipur, 313001 India
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17
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Casin KM, Kohr MJ. An emerging perspective on sex differences: Intersecting S-nitrosothiol and aldehyde signaling in the heart. Redox Biol 2020; 31:101441. [PMID: 32007450 PMCID: PMC7212482 DOI: 10.1016/j.redox.2020.101441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2019] [Revised: 01/20/2020] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of the death for both men and women. Although baseline heart physiology and the response to disease are known to differ by sex, little is known about sex differences in baseline molecular signaling, especially with regard to redox biology. In this review, we describe current research on sex differences in cardiac redox biology with a focus on the regulation of nitric oxide and aldehyde signaling. Furthermore, we argue for a new perspective on cardiovascular sex differences research, one that focuses on baseline redox biology without the elimination or disruption of sex hormones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Casin
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA
| | - Mark J Kohr
- Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
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18
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Casin KM, Fallica J, Mackowski N, Veenema RJ, Chan A, St Paul A, Zhu G, Bedja D, Biswal S, Kohr MJ. S-Nitrosoglutathione Reductase Is Essential for Protecting the Female Heart From Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Circ Res 2019; 123:1232-1243. [PMID: 30571462 DOI: 10.1161/circresaha.118.313956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
RATIONALE Protein S-nitros(yl)ation (SNO) has been implicated as an essential mediator of nitric oxide-dependent cardioprotection. Compared with males, female hearts exhibit higher baseline levels of protein SNO and associated with this, reduced susceptibility to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion injury. Female hearts also exhibit enhanced S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNO-R) activity, which would typically favor decreased SNO levels as GSNO-R mediates SNO catabolism. OBJECTIVE Because female hearts exhibit higher SNO levels, we hypothesized that GSNO-R is an essential component of sex-dependent cardioprotection in females. METHODS AND RESULTS Male and female wild-type mouse hearts were subjected to ex vivo ischemia-reperfusion injury with or without GSNO-R inhibition (N6022). Control female hearts exhibited enhanced functional recovery and decreased infarct size versus control males. Interestingly, GSNO-R inhibition reversed this sex disparity, significantly reducing injury in male hearts, and exacerbating injury in females. Similar results were obtained with male and female GSNO-R-/- hearts using ex vivo and in vivo models of ischemia-reperfusion injury. Assessment of SNO levels using SNO-resin assisted capture revealed an increase in total SNO levels with GSNO-R inhibition in males, whereas total SNO levels remained unchanged in females. However, we found that although GSNO-R inhibition significantly increased SNO at the cardioprotective Cys39 residue of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NADH) dehydrogenase subunit 3 in males, SNO-NADH dehydrogenase subunit 3 levels were surprisingly reduced in N6022-treated female hearts. Because GSNO-R also acts as a formaldehyde dehydrogenase, we examined postischemic formaldehyde levels and found that they were nearly 2-fold higher in N6022-treated female hearts compared with nontreated hearts. Importantly, the mitochondrial aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 activator, Alda-1, rescued the phenotype in GSNO-R-/- female hearts, significantly reducing infarct size. CONCLUSIONS These striking findings point to GSNO-R as a critical sex-dependent mediator of myocardial protein SNO and formaldehyde levels and further suggest that different therapeutic strategies may be required to combat ischemic heart disease in males and females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kevin M Casin
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Jonathan Fallica
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Nathan Mackowski
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Ryne J Veenema
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Ashley Chan
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Amanda St Paul
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Guangshuo Zhu
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.Z., D.B.)
| | - Djahida Bedja
- Cardiology Division, Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD (G.Z., D.B.)
| | - Shyam Biswal
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
| | - Mark J Kohr
- From the Department of Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD (K.M.C., J.F., N.M., R.J.V., A.C., A.S.P., S.B., M.J.K.)
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19
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Zhao Y, Chan CK, Chan KKJ, Chan W. Quantitation of N6-Formyl-lysine Adduct Following Aristolochic Acid Exposure in Cells and Rat Tissues by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with Stable Isotope-Dilution Method. Chem Res Toxicol 2019; 32:2086-2094. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.9b00272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Chan W, Ham YH, Jin L, Chan HW, Wong YL, Chan CK, Chung PY. Quantification of a Novel DNA–Protein Cross-Link Product Formed by Reacting Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Sites in DNA with Cysteine Residues in Protein by Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry Coupled with the Stable Isotope-Dilution Method. Anal Chem 2019; 91:4987-4994. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b04306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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21
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Fang X, Liu Y, Zhao Y, Chen Y, Liu R, Qin QL, Li G, Zhang YZ, Chan W, Hess WR, Zeng Q. Transcriptomic responses of the marine cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus to viral lysis products. Environ Microbiol 2019; 21:2015-2028. [PMID: 30585375 DOI: 10.1111/1462-2920.14513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Accepted: 12/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Viral infection of marine phytoplankton releases a variety of dissolved organic matter (DOM). The impact of viral DOM (vDOM) on the uninfected co-occurring phytoplankton remains largely unknown. Here, we conducted transcriptomic analyses to study the effects of vDOM on the cyanobacterium Prochlorococcus, which is the most abundant photosynthetic organism on Earth. Using Prochlorococcus MIT9313, we showed that its growth was not affected by vDOM, but many tRNAs increased in abundance. We tested tRNA-gly and found that its abundance increased upon addition of glycine. The decreased transcript abundances of N metabolism genes also suggested that Prochlorococcus responded to organic N compounds in vDOM. Addition of vDOM to Prochlorococcus reduced the maximum photochemical efficiency of photosystem II and CO2 fixation while increasing its respiration rate, consistent with differentially abundant transcripts related to photosynthesis and respiration. One of the highest positive fold-changes was observed for the 6S RNA, a noncoding RNA functioning as a global transcriptional regulator in bacteria. The high level of 6S RNA might be responsible for some of the observed transcriptional responses. Taken together, our results revealed the transcriptional regulation of Prochlorococcus in response to viral lysis products and suggested its metabolic potential to utilize organic N compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoting Fang
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yaxin Liu
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yao Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yue Chen
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Riyue Liu
- Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Qi-Long Qin
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Gang Li
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology (CAS), Guangzhou, China
| | - Yu-Zhong Zhang
- State Key Lab of Microbial Technology, Marine Biotechnology Research Center, Shandong University, Jinan, China.,College of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, China
| | - Wan Chan
- Department of Chemistry, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China
| | - Wolfgang R Hess
- Genetics & Experimental Bioinformatics, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Germany
| | - Qinglu Zeng
- Department of Ocean Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.,Division of Life Science, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Hong Kong, China.,HKUST Shenzhen Research Institute, Shenzhen, China
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22
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Hoque MS, Jacxsens L, Rahman MB, Nowsad AAKM, Azad SMO, De Meulenaer B, Lachat C, Rahman M. Evaluation of artificially contaminated fish with formaldehyde under laboratory conditions and exposure assessment in freshwater fish in Southern Bangladesh. CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 195:702-712. [PMID: 29289015 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.12.111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2017] [Revised: 12/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/18/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Formalin can be added as preservative to fresh foods to prevent spoilage and extend shelf life. Formalin contains 37-40% formaldehyde, which is classified as carcinogenic to humans. To assess the public health risk associated with formaldehyde exposure in freshwater fish in Southern Bangladesh, formaldehyde concentrations (mg/kg) were determined in tilapia, Indian major carp rui, Chinese carp and a minor carp from local market and in laboratory simulations (0.5, 1.0, 2.0 and 4.0% formaldehyde solution for 5, 15, 30 and 60 min) with spectrophotometric and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) methods. A food frequency questionnaire was used to collect fish consumption (kg/kg BW. d) data from 400 respondents. A probabilistic exposure assessment was conducted using @Risk®7.0 software. Fish treated with formalin at increasing concentrations and exposure time showed increased trends of formaldehyde acquisition irrespective of fish species and analytical methods used (p < .05). Compared to spectrophotometry, the HPLC method was shown to be more sensitive and is therefore the preferred method for formalin quantification. Maximum exposure to formaldehyde (0.28 mg/kg BW. d) was calculated for tilapia using HPLC analysis. Margin of exposure (MoE) provides high priority (<10,000) for tilapia and Indian major carp rui at P99 under spectrophotometric analysis whereas as determined using HPLC, tilapia had MoE values much lower than 10,000 at P99, P95 and P90 (both total population and consumers). Exposure to formaldehyde associated with freshwater fish consumption is a public health concern in Southern Bangladesh and needs further assessment and risk management strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Sazedul Hoque
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh.
| | - Liesbeth Jacxsens
- NutriFOODchem Unit, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality (Partner in Food2Know), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Md Bokthier Rahman
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Alam A K M Nowsad
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh 2200, Bangladesh
| | - S M Oasiqul Azad
- Department of Fisheries Technology, Patuakhali Science and Technology University, Dumki, Patuakhali 8602, Bangladesh
| | - Bruno De Meulenaer
- NutriFOODchem Unit, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality (Partner in Food2Know), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Carl Lachat
- NutriFOODchem Unit, Department of Food Safety and Food Quality (Partner in Food2Know), Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Coupure Links 653, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium
| | - Matiur Rahman
- National Food Safety Laboratory, Institute of Public Health, Mohakhali, Dhaka 1212, Bangladesh
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23
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Khojasteh SC, Rietjens IMCM, Dalvie D, Miller G. Biotransformation and bioactivation reactions - 2016 literature highlights. Drug Metab Rev 2017; 49:285-317. [PMID: 28468514 DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2017.1326498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
We are pleased to present a second annual issue highlighting a previous year's literature on biotransformation and bioactivation. Each contributor to this issue worked independently to review the articles published in 2016 and proposed three to four articles, which he or she believed would be of interest to the broader research community. In each synopsis, the contributing author summarized the procedures, analyses and conclusions as described in the original manuscripts. In the commentary sections, our authors offer feedback and highlight aspects of the work that may not be apparent from an initial reading of the article. To be fair, one should still read the original article to gain a more complete understanding of the work conducted. Most of the articles included in this review were published in Drug Metabolism and Disposition or Chemical Research in Toxicology, but attempts were made to seek articles in 25 other journals. Importantly, these articles are not intended to represent a consensus of the best papers of the year, as we did not want to make any arbitrary standards for this purpose, but rather they were chosen by each author for their notable findings and descriptions of novel metabolic pathways or biotransformations. I am pleased that Drs. Rietjens and Dalvie have again contributed to this annual review. We would like to welcome Grover P Miller as an author for this year's issue, and we thank Tom Baillie for his contributions to last year's edition. We have intentionally maintained a balance of authors such that two come from an academic setting and two come from industry. Finally, please drop us a note if you find this review helpful. We would be pleased to hear your opinions of our commentary, and we extend an invitation to anyone who would like to contribute to a future edition of this review. This article is dedicated to Professor Thomas Baillie for his exceptional contributions to the field of drug metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Cyrus Khojasteh
- a Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics , Genentech, Inc , South San Francisco , CA , USA
| | | | - Deepak Dalvie
- c Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Celgene Corporation , San Diego , CA USA
| | - Grover Miller
- d Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences , Little Rock , AR , USA
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