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Burt T, Roffel AF, Langer O, Anderson K, DiMasi J. Strategic, feasibility, economic, and cultural aspects of Phase 0 approaches. Clin Transl Sci 2022; 15:1355-1379. [PMID: 35278281 PMCID: PMC9199889 DOI: 10.1111/cts.13269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Research conducted over the past 2 decades has enhanced the validity and expanded the applications of microdosing and other phase 0 approaches in drug development. Phase 0 approaches can accelerate drug development timelines and reduce attrition in clinical development by increasing the quality of candidates entering clinical development and by reducing the time to “go‐no‐go” decisions. This can be done by adding clinical trial data (both healthy volunteers and patients) to preclinical candidate selection, and by applying methodological and operational advantages that phase 0 have over traditional approaches. The main feature of phase 0 approaches is the limited, subtherapeutic exposure to the test article. This means a reduced risk to research volunteers, and reduced regulatory requirements, timelines, and costs of first‐in‐human (FIH) testing. Whereas many operational aspects of phase 0 approaches are similar to those of other early phase clinical development programs, they have some unique strategic, regulatory, ethical, feasibility, economic, and cultural aspects. Here, we provide a guidance to these operational aspects and include case studies to highlight their potential impact in a range of clinical development scenarios.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tal Burt
- Phase‐0/Microdosing Network New York NY USA
- Burt Consultancy, LLC. New York NY USA
| | - Ad F. Roffel
- ICON plc, Van Swietenlaan 6, 9728 NZ Groningen The Netherlands
| | - Oliver Langer
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology Medical University of Vienna 1090 Vienna Austria
- Department of Biomedical Imaging and Image‐guided Therapy Medical University of Vienna 1090 Vienna Austria
| | | | - Joseph DiMasi
- Tufts Center for the Study of Drug Development Tufts University Boston MA USA
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Li C, Wang Q, Li D, Liu Y, Hu B, Feng Y, Zhang H, He Z, Luo C, Sun J. Molecular recognition-driven supramolecular nanoassembly of a hydrophobic uracil prodrug and hydrophilic cytarabine for precise combination treatment of solid and non-solid tumors. NANOSCALE HORIZONS 2022; 7:235-245. [PMID: 35048915 DOI: 10.1039/d1nh00590a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Combination chemotherapy has shown distinct therapeutic advantages over monotherapy in clinical cancer treatment, especially for two chemotherapeutic drugs with different mechanisms of action. However, how to achieve efficient co-delivery of two or more drugs with different physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties for synergistic therapy is still a huge challenge. In particular, it is even more difficult to efficiently co-deliver a hydrophilic drug and a hydrophobic drug into one nanosystem. Herein, inspired by the natural Watson-Crick base pair molecular recognition in nucleic acids, a reduction-sensitive uracil prodrug of doxorubicin (U-SS-DOX) is synthesized and performs supramolecular co-assembly with cytarabine (Ara-C). Interestingly, the hydrophilic Ara-C molecules could readily co-assemble with U-SS-DOX, and multiple hydrogen bonds are found in the nanoassembly with an ultra-high drug loading rate. Moreover, 1,1'-dioctadecyl-3,3,3',3'-tetramethylindotricarbocyanine iodide (DiR) is used as a fluorescent probe to investigate the pharmacokinetics of U : C NPs. It turns out that the DiR-labeled U : C NPs significantly prolong the systemic circulation and promote the tumor-specific accumulation of DiR when compared with DiR solution. Furthermore, the supramolecular nanoassembly demonstrates potent satisfactory therapeutic effects in treating both solid and non-solid tumors in vivo. This study provides a novel molecular co-assembly nanoplatform for efficient co-delivery of hydrophilic and hydrophobic drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Qiu Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Dan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Yubo Liu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Baichun Hu
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Yao Feng
- Key Laboratory of Structure-Based Drug Design and Discovery, Ministry of Education, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Haotian Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China
| | - Zhonggui He
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Cong Luo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
| | - Jin Sun
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, 110016, P. R. China.
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Zhu S, Zhu Z, Ma AH, Sonpavde GP, Cheng F, Pan CX. Preclinical Models for Bladder Cancer Research. Hematol Oncol Clin North Am 2021; 35:613-632. [PMID: 33958154 DOI: 10.1016/j.hoc.2021.02.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
At diagnosis, more than 70% of bladder cancers (BCs) are at the non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) stages, which are usually treated with transurethral resection followed by intravesical instillation. For the remaining advanced cancers, systemic therapy is the standard of care, with addition of radical cystectomy in cases of locally advanced cancer. Because of the difference in treatment modalities, different models are needed to advance the care of NMIBC and advanced BC. This article gives a comprehensive review of both in vitro and in vivo BC models and compares the advantages and drawbacks of these preclinical systems in BC research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaoming Zhu
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Hubei Province, 430060, China; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, School of Medicine, University of California Davis, Sacramento, USA
| | - Zheng Zhu
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Ai-Hong Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, University of California Davis, 2700 Stockton BLVD, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA
| | - Guru P Sonpavde
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard University, 450 Brookline Ave, Boston, MA 02215, USA
| | - Fan Cheng
- Department of Urology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, 99 Zhangzhidong Road, Wuchang District, Hubei Province, 430060, China.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA; VA Boston Healthcare System, West Roxbury, MA, USA.
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Malfatti MA, Buchholz BA, Enright HA, Stewart BJ, Ognibene TJ, McCartt AD, Loots GG, Zimmermann M, Scharadin TM, Cimino GD, Jonas BA, Pan CX, Bench G, Henderson PT, Turteltaub KW. Radiocarbon Tracers in Toxicology and Medicine: Recent Advances in Technology and Science. TOXICS 2019; 7:E27. [PMID: 31075884 PMCID: PMC6631948 DOI: 10.3390/toxics7020027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2019] [Revised: 04/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
This review summarizes recent developments in radiocarbon tracer technology and applications. Technologies covered include accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS), including conversion of samples to graphite, and rapid combustion to carbon dioxide to enable direct liquid sample analysis, coupling to HPLC for real-time AMS analysis, and combined molecular mass spectrometry and AMS for analyte identification and quantitation. Laser-based alternatives, such as cavity ring down spectrometry, are emerging to enable lower cost, higher throughput measurements of biological samples. Applications covered include radiocarbon dating, use of environmental atomic bomb pulse radiocarbon content for cell and protein age determination and turnover studies, and carbon source identification. Low dose toxicology applications reviewed include studies of naphthalene-DNA adduct formation, benzo[a]pyrene pharmacokinetics in humans, and triclocarban exposure and risk assessment. Cancer-related studies covered include the use of radiocarbon-labeled cells for better defining mechanisms of metastasis and the use of drug-DNA adducts as predictive biomarkers of response to chemotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Malfatti
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Bruce A Buchholz
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Heather A Enright
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Benjamin J Stewart
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Ted J Ognibene
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - A Daniel McCartt
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Gabriela G Loots
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Maike Zimmermann
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Tiffany M Scharadin
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - George D Cimino
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Brian A Jonas
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Chong-Xian Pan
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
| | - Graham Bench
- Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
| | - Paul T Henderson
- Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Hematology and Oncology and UC Davis Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Davis Medical School, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA.
- Accelerated Medical Diagnostics Incorporated, Berkeley, CA 94708, USA.
| | - Kenneth W Turteltaub
- Biosciences and Biotechnology Division, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA.
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