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Shen J, Wang L, Zhang W, Gong X, Li S, Zou X, Chen C, Xia R, Zhang D, Xu S, Xu J, Wang S, Jiang Y, Sun H, Wang C, Wang SL. Effects of Naphtho[2,1- a]pyrene Exposure on CYP1A1 Expression: An in Vivo and in Vitro Mechanistic Study Exploring the Role of m6A Posttranscriptional Modification. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2024; 132:87003. [PMID: 39133094 PMCID: PMC11318572 DOI: 10.1289/ehp14055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Currently, many emerging polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have been found to be widely present in the environment. However, little has been reported about their toxicity, particularly in relation to CYP1A1. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to explore the toxicity of naphtho[2,1-a]pyrene (N21aP) and elucidate the mechanism underlying N21aP-induced expression of CYP1A1. METHODS The concentration and sources of N21aP were detected and analyzed by gas chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) and diagnostic ratio analysis. Then the effects of CYP1A1 on the toxicity of N21aP were conducted in male wild-type (WT) and Cyp1a1 knockout mice exposed to N21aP (0.02, 0.2, and 2 mg / kg ) through intratracheal instillation. Further, the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) pathway was examined through luciferase and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. N 6 -methyladenosine (m 6 A ) modification levels were measured on global RNA and specifically on CYP1A1 mRNA using dot blotting and methylated RNA immunoprecipitation-quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (MeRIP qRT-PCR), with validation by m 6 A inhibitors, DAA and SAH. m 6 A sites on CYP1A1 were identified by bioinformatics and luciferase assays, and CYP1A1 mRNA's interaction with IGF2BP3 was confirmed by RNA pull-down, luciferase, and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) assays. RESULTS N21aP was of the same environmental origin as benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) but was more stably present in the environment. N21aP could be metabolically activated by CYP1A1 to produce epoxides, causing DNA damage and further leading to lung inflammation. Importantly, in addition to the classical AhR pathway (i.e., BaP), N21aP also induced CYP1A1 expression with a posttranscriptional modification of m 6 A in CYP1A1 mRNA via the METTL14-IGF2BP3-CYP1A1 axis. Specifically, in the two recognition sites of METTL14 on the CYP1A1 mRNA transcript (position at 2700 and 5218), a methylation site (position at 5218) in the 3'-untranslated region (UTR) was recognized by IGF2BP3, enhanced the stability of CYP1A1 mRNA, and finally resulted in an increase in CYP1A1 expression. DISCUSSION This study systematically demonstrated that in addition to AhR-mediated transcriptional regulation, N21aP, had a new additional mechanism of m 6 A -mediated posttranscriptional modification, jointly contributing to CYP1A1 expression. Given that PAHs are the metabolic substrates of CYP1A1, this study not only helps to understand the significance of environment-genetic interactions for the toxicity of PAHs but also helps to better understand the health risks of the emerging PAHs at environmental exposure levels. https://doi.org/10.1289/EHP14055.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiemiao Shen
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Li Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wen Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xing Gong
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Sheng Li
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuyan Zou
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Chen
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Rong Xia
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Di Zhang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyu Xu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiayi Xu
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shaozhuo Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yinyue Jiang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hong Sun
- Institute of Environment and Health, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shou-Lin Wang
- Key Lab of Modern Toxicology of Ministry of Education, Center for Global Health, School of Public Health, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- State Key Lab of Reproductive Medicine and Offspring Health, Institute of Toxicology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
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Zhao C, Guan X, Zhang Q, Meng L, Lin W, Yang R, Li Y, Jiang G. Parent and halogenated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons exposure in aluminum smelter workers: Serum levels, accumulation trends, and association with health indicators. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 913:169655. [PMID: 38159767 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.169655] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 12/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/22/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their halogenated derivatives (HPAHs) can be unintentionally formed and released during industrial thermal processes. However, information on internal exposure and health risks of PAHs and HPAHs for thermal industry workers is very limited. In this study, serum samples from 220 aluminum smelter workers in East China were analyzed, and the relationship between the levels of these pollutants and various health indicators was also assessed. The workers had markedly higher serum concentrations of PAHs and HPAHs than the controls. The serum concentrations of ∑13PAHs and ∑9HPAHs increased with increasing age and occupational exposure duration in male workers. A positive correlation was observed between the ∑13PAH and ∑9HPAH serum concentrations, and the concentration of ∑13PAHs was approximately 50 times higher than that of ∑9HPAHs. For benzo[a]pyrene equivalent (BaPeq)-based risk assessment, the contribution of PAHs and HPAHs to the risk was 80 % and 20 % in the workers. PAHs and HPAHs showed a positive association with pulmonary hypofunction, hypertension and abnormal electrocardiogram. This study indicates occupational exposure to these toxic pollutants remains a significant issue and provides evidence that elevated serum levels of ∑13PAHs and ∑9HPAHs may be associated with an increased risk of lung and cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuxuan Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaoling Guan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Qinghua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China; School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310000, China
| | - Lingling Meng
- Department of Nursing, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China
| | - Wei Lin
- Department of Public Scientific Research Platform, Institute of Basic Medicine, Shandong First Medical University, Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250014, China; Department of Critical-care Medicine, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong First Medical University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, China.
| | - Ruiqiang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yingming Li
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
| | - Guibin Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Xu J, Zhang N, Zhang Y, Li P, Han J, Gao S, Wang X, Geng C, Yang W, Zhang L, Han B, Bai Z. Personal Exposure to Source-Specific Particulate Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons and Systemic Inflammation: A Cross-Sectional Study of Urban-Dwelling Older Adults in China. GEOHEALTH 2023; 7:e2023GH000933. [PMID: 38124775 PMCID: PMC10731620 DOI: 10.1029/2023gh000933] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Revised: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023]
Abstract
Environmental exposure to ambient polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) can disturb the immune response. However, the evidence on adverse health effects caused by exposure to PAHs emitted from specific sources among different vulnerable subpopulations is limited. In this cross-sectional study, we aimed to evaluate whether exposure to source-specific PAHs could increase systemic inflammation in older adults. The present study included community-dwelling older adults and collected filter samples of personal exposure to PM2.5 during the winter of 2011. Blood samples were collected after the PM2.5 sample collection. We analyzed PM2.5 bound PAHs and serum inflammatory cytokines (interleukin (IL)1β, IL6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha levels. The Positive Matrix Factorization model was used to identify PAH sources. We used a linear regression model to assess the relative effects of source-specific PM2.5 bound PAHs on the levels of measured inflammatory cytokines. After controlling for confounders, exposure to PAHs emitted from biomass burning or diesel vehicle emission was significantly associated with increased serum inflammatory cytokines and systemic inflammation. These findings highlight the importance of considering exposure sources in epidemiological studies and controlling exposures to organic materials from specific sources.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Nan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Yujuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
- Department of Family PlanningThe Second Hospital of Tianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Penghui Li
- School of Environmental Science and Safety EngineeringTianjin University of TechnologyTianjinChina
| | - Jinbao Han
- School of Quality and Technical SupervisionHebei UniversityBaodingChina
| | - Shuang Gao
- School of Geographic and Environmental SciencesTianjin Normal UniversityTianjinChina
| | - Xinhua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Chunmei Geng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Wen Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Liwen Zhang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental HealthSchool of Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Environment, Nutrition, and Public HealthTianjin Medical UniversityTianjinChina
- Center for International Collaborative Research on EnvironmentNutrition and Public HealthTianjinChina
| | - Bin Han
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
| | - Zhipeng Bai
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Criteria and Risk AssessmentChinese Research Academy of Environmental SciencesBeijingChina
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Peng K, Li Z, Gao TR, Lv J, Wang WJ, Zhan P, Yao WC, Zhao H, Wang H, Xu DX, Huang Y, Tan ZX. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon exposure burden: Individual and mixture analyses of associations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 222:115334. [PMID: 36702192 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.115334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/18/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Accumulating data demonstrate that polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) exposure is linked to compromised respiratory diseases. This study aimed to analyze urinary PAH metabolites and their associations with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in a sample size of 3015 subjects from a total population of 50,588 from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) in 2007-2016. Results showed that the most predominant metabolite was 1-Hydroxynaphthalene (1-NAP, 84%) with a geometric mean concentration of 50,265 ng/L, followed by its homologue 2-NAP (10%), both of which arose from sources including road emission, smoking and cooking. Multiple logistic regression showed that seven of the ten major PAH metabolites were correlated with increased COPD risk: including 1-NAP (OR: 1.83, 95%CI: 1.25, 2.69), 2-Hydroxyfluorene (2-FLU, OR: 2.29, 95%CI: 1.42, 3.68) and 1-Hydroxyphenanthrene (1-PHE, OR: 2.79, 95%CI: 1.85, 4.21), when compared to the lowest tertile after adjusted for covariates. Total exposure burden per PAH congener sub-group demonstrated persistent positive correlation with COPD for ∑PHE (OR: 1.80, 95%CI: 1.34, 2.43) and ∑FLU (OR: 2.74, 95%CI: 1.77, 4.23) after adjusted for covariates. To address the contribution of PAH exposure as mixture towards COPD, weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression analyses revealed that 1-NAP, 9-Hydroxyfluorene (9-FLU), 3-Hydroxyfluorene (3-FLU) and 1-PHE were among the top contributors in the associations with COPD. Our results demonstrate the contemporary yet ongoing exposure burden of PAH exposure for over a decade, particularly towards NAPs and FLUs that contribute significantly to COPD risk, calling for more timely environmental regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Peng
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Zhao Li
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Tian-Rui Gao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Jia Lv
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Jing Wang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Ping Zhan
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wen-Cong Yao
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China
| | - Yichao Huang
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology of Anhui Higher Education Institutes, Hefei, China.
| | - Zhu-Xia Tan
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Wang Q, Liu S. The Effects and Pathogenesis of PM2.5 and Its Components on Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease. Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2023; 18:493-506. [PMID: 37056681 PMCID: PMC10086390 DOI: 10.2147/copd.s402122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), a heterogeneous disease, is the leading cause of death worldwide. In recent years, air pollution, especially particulate matter (PM), has been widely studied as a contributing factor to COPD. As an essential component of PM, PM2.5 is associated with COPD prevalence, morbidity, and acute exacerbations. However, the specific pathogenic mechanisms were still unclear and deserve further research. The diversity and complexity of PM2.5 components make it challenging to get its accurate effects and mechanisms for COPD. It has been determined that the most toxic PM2.5 components are metals, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), carbonaceous particles (CPs), and other organic compounds. PM2.5-induced cytokine release and oxidative stress are the main mechanisms reported leading to COPD. Nonnegligibly, the microorganism in PM 2.5 may directly cause mononuclear inflammation or break the microorganism balance contributing to the development and exacerbation of COPD. This review focuses on the pathophysiology and consequences of PM2.5 and its components on COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
| | - Sha Liu
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Sha Liu, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China, 35 Jiefang Avenue, Zhengxiang District, Hengyang, Hunan, 421001, People’s Republic of China, Email
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